Maintenance method for reducing abrasion of pumping unit in oil extraction process

Abstract

The invention discloses a maintenance method for reducing abrasion of an oil pumping unit in the oil extraction process, and belongs to the technical field of oil pumping unit abrasion reduction, and the method comprises the steps of regularly checking all parts of the oil pumping unit, especially easy-to-abrade parts such as an oil pumping rod, an oil pipe and a sealing piece, recording the abrasion condition and equipment operation parameters, and determining the abrasion of the oil pumping unit according to the abrasion condition and the equipment operation parameters. A personalized lubrication plan is made, a proper lubricant and a proper lubrication period are selected, it is ensured that all parts are fully lubricated, operation parameters such as the stroke and the stroke frequency of the oil pumping unit are optimized, friction force and contact pressure between the parts are reduced, the abrasion rate is reduced, and a damping device and a buffering device are installed; the vibration and impact force of the oil pumping unit in the operation process are absorbed and buffered, abrasion of all parts of the oil pumping unit is remarkably reduced through a personalized lubrication plan, surface strengthening treatment, operation parameter optimization and installation of a damping and buffering device, the service life of equipment is prolonged, and the updating frequency and the long-term maintenance cost of the equipment are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of reducing wear of oil pumping units, and in particular to a maintenance method for reducing wear of oil pumping units during oil production. Background Art

[0002] In the oil production process, the pumping unit is a key equipment, and its operating efficiency and stability have a significant impact on the oil production operation. However, the existing pumping units face many problems in the long-term oil production process, which need to be solved urgently.

[0003] On the one hand, wear and tear of pumping unit components seriously affects the equipment's service life. When pumping units operate under high loads and for extended periods, frequent friction and vibration gradually wear out components such as the sucker rods, tubing, and seals. This not only degrades equipment performance but can also cause failures, increasing maintenance costs and the frequency of equipment replacements.

[0004] On the other hand, the operating efficiency and economic efficiency of existing pumping units need to be improved. Due to the lack of scientific and rational lubrication planning and optimized operating parameters, the equipment suffers from significant energy losses and low oil recovery efficiency during operation. Furthermore, frequent maintenance and component replacement also increase oil recovery costs.

[0005] Furthermore, operational stability and safety are significant challenges for existing pumping units. The vibration and impact forces generated during operation can not only damage components but also affect the stability of the entire system, potentially leading to safety incidents. In older equipment, deformation caused by foundation settlement can exacerbate vibration and wear, increasing safety risks.

[0006] In summary, existing pumping units suffer from severe wear, low operating efficiency, poor economic efficiency, and insufficient stability and safety during oil production. These issues not only affect the efficiency and quality of oil production operations but also increase operating costs and safety risks for enterprises. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a maintenance method that can reduce wear on pumping units during oil production, thereby improving equipment lifespan, operating efficiency, economic efficiency, and safety, and meeting the needs of modern oil production. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a maintenance method for reducing wear during the oil production process of an oil pumping unit, so as to solve the existing problems raised in the above background technology. To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The maintenance method for reducing wear of an oil pumping unit comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Regularly check the various components of the pumping unit, especially the parts prone to wear, such as the sucker rod, oil pipe, seals, etc., and record the wear conditions and equipment operating parameters;

[0009] Step 2: Develop a personalized lubrication plan based on wear conditions and equipment operating parameters, select appropriate lubricants and lubrication cycles, and ensure that all components are fully lubricated;

[0010] Step 3: Use advanced surface treatment technologies, such as coating and plating, to strengthen the surface of easily worn parts and improve their wear resistance;

[0011] Step 4: Optimize the operating parameters of the pumping unit, such as stroke and stroke frequency, to reduce friction and contact pressure between components and reduce wear rate;

[0012] Step 5: Install shock absorbers and buffer devices to absorb and buffer the vibration and impact force of the pumping unit during operation to reduce damage to components;

[0013] Step 6: Clean and maintain the pumping unit regularly to remove oil stains and impurities to prevent impurities from entering between moving parts and increasing wear;

[0014] Step 7: Train operators to improve their operating skills and maintenance awareness to ensure the correct use and timely maintenance of equipment;

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lubrication plan is dynamically adjusted according to the equipment operation time and wear degree, with lubrication being performed once every two weeks in the initial stage. When the wear degree reaches a preset threshold, the lubrication is adjusted to once a week, and the amount of lubricant is increased accordingly.

[0016] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface treatment technology uses wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials and processes, specifically a combination of tungsten-titanium coating and chromium carbide coating, with the coating thickness controlled at 0.5-1.0 mm;

[0017] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution, the optimization of the operating parameters is performed by combining simulation and experiment to determine the best combination, specifically, using computer simulation to analyze the stress conditions of each component under different strokes and stroke frequencies, and then combining field test data to determine that the wear is minimized when the stroke is 1.8 meters and the stroke frequency is 6.5 times / minute;

[0018] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the shock absorbing device and the buffer device are made of a high elasticity and high damping material, specifically a polyurethane and rubber composite material, with an elastic modulus of 50-80 MPa and a damping coefficient of 0.15-0.25;

[0019] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cleaning and maintenance includes regularly replacing the lubricating oil and filtering impurities in the oil. The lubricating oil is replaced once a month, and the oil is filtered using a high-precision filter element with a filtration accuracy of 5 microns.

[0020] As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution: the operator training content includes equipment structure, working principle, operating procedures and daily maintenance knowledge, specifically increasing the learning of the working principle of the hydraulic system and lubrication system, as well as rapid maintenance and troubleshooting skills training in emergency situations;

[0021] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the maintenance method further comprises installing an intelligent monitoring system to monitor the operating status and wear of various components of the pumping unit in real time, and using wireless transmission technology to send data to a monitoring center to achieve remote monitoring and early warning;

[0022] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the maintenance method further includes establishing an equipment maintenance file to record the details of each inspection, maintenance, lubrication, and component replacement history, and using big data analysis technology to predict equipment wear trends and formulate maintenance plans in advance;

[0023] As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the maintenance method further includes regularly reinforcing the foundation of the oil pumping unit to prevent deformation of the equipment due to foundation settlement, increase stability of the equipment during operation, and reduce additional wear caused by vibration.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The present invention significantly reduces wear on various components of the pumping unit through personalized lubrication planning, surface strengthening treatment, operating parameter optimization, and the installation of shock-absorbing and buffering devices, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and reducing the frequency of equipment updates and long-term maintenance costs.

[0026] 2. The present invention improves the continuity and efficiency of oil production operations by optimizing operating parameters and reducing equipment downtime. At the same time, through intelligent monitoring systems and big data analysis technology, accurate prediction of equipment wear and early maintenance are achieved, further improving the economic efficiency of the oil production process.

[0027] 3. In this invention, vibration and impact during equipment operation are reduced through shock-absorbing and buffering devices and foundation reinforcement, thereby improving operational stability. Professional operator training and a comprehensive maintenance management system reduce safety risks caused by human error and equipment failure, ensuring the safe conduct of oil production operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a maintenance method for reducing wear during oil production by a pumping unit according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example

[0031] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution for a maintenance method for reducing wear during the oil production process of an oil pumping unit. The maintenance method for reducing wear comprises the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: Regularly inspect all parts of the pumping unit, especially those prone to wear, such as sucker rods, tubing, and seals, and record the wear and tear and equipment operating parameters. Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the pumping unit's sucker rods, tubing, seals, and other easily worn parts weekly, recording the degree of wear and equipment operating parameters, such as temperature, pressure, and vibration frequency.

[0033] Step 2: Develop a personalized lubrication plan based on wear conditions and equipment operating parameters, select appropriate lubricants and lubrication cycles to ensure that all components are fully lubricated. Based on inspection results, develop a biweekly lubrication plan for components such as sucker rods and tubing, using lubricating grease that performs stably in high-temperature and high-pressure environments. Dynamically adjust the lubrication cycle and lubricant dosage based on equipment operating time and wear.

[0034] Step 3: Use advanced surface treatment technologies, such as coating and plating, to strengthen the surface of easily worn parts to improve their wear resistance. Use advanced coating technology to apply a layer of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant ceramic coating to key components such as sucker rods to improve their surface hardness and wear resistance.

[0035] Step 4: Optimize the operating parameters of the pumping unit, such as stroke and stroke frequency, to reduce friction and contact pressure between components and reduce wear rate. Through simulation and field experiments, the stroke and stroke frequency of the pumping unit were optimized and adjusted to 1.5-2.0 meters and 6-8 strokes / minute, respectively, to reduce friction and contact pressure between components and reduce wear rate.

[0036] Step 5: Install shock absorbers and buffers to absorb and buffer the vibration and impact during the operation of the pumping unit, reducing damage to components. Install high-elasticity, high-damping shock absorbers and buffers at key locations such as the crank and reduction gearbox of the pumping unit to effectively absorb and buffer the vibration and impact during operation, reducing damage to components.

[0037] Step 6: Clean and maintain the pumping unit regularly to remove oil and impurities to prevent impurities from entering between moving parts and increasing wear. Perform a comprehensive cleaning and maintenance on the pumping unit every month to remove oil and impurities from the equipment surface and between moving parts. Replace the lubricating oil regularly and use a high-precision oil filter to filter impurities in the oil to prevent impurities from entering between moving parts and increasing wear.

[0038] Step 7: Train operators to improve their operating skills and maintenance awareness, ensure the correct use and timely maintenance of equipment, organize operator training regularly, learn the structure, working principle, operating procedures and daily maintenance knowledge of pumping unit equipment, improve their operating skills and maintenance awareness, ensure the correct use and timely maintenance of equipment.

[0039] In this embodiment, the lubrication plan is dynamically adjusted according to the equipment operation time and wear level, specifically: lubrication once every two weeks in the initial stage, and when the wear level reaches a preset threshold, it is adjusted to lubrication once a week, and the amount of lubricant is increased accordingly.

[0040] Specifically, the surface treatment technology uses wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials and processes, specifically a combination of tungsten-titanium coating and chromium carbide plating, with the coating thickness controlled at 0.5-1.0 mm.

[0041] In this embodiment, the optimization of the operating parameters is carried out by combining simulation and experiment to determine the best combination. The specific process is: first, computer simulation is used to analyze the stress conditions of each component under different strokes and stroke frequencies, and then combined with field test data, it is determined that the wear is minimized when the stroke is 1.8 meters and the stroke frequency is 6.5 times / minute.

[0042] In this embodiment, the shock absorbing device and the buffer device are made of high elasticity and high damping materials, specifically a polyurethane and rubber composite material with an elastic modulus of 50-80 MPa and a damping coefficient of 0.15-0.25.

[0043] Specifically, the cleaning and maintenance include regularly replacing the lubricating oil and filtering impurities in the oil. The lubricating oil is replaced once a month, and the oil is filtered using a high-precision filter element with a filtration accuracy of 5 microns.

[0044] Specifically, the operator training content includes equipment structure, working principle, operating procedures and daily maintenance knowledge, specifically increasing the study of the working principles of hydraulic systems and lubrication systems, as well as rapid maintenance and troubleshooting skills training in emergency situations.

[0045] In this embodiment, the maintenance method further includes installing an intelligent monitoring system to monitor the operating status and wear of various components of the pumping unit in real time, and using wireless transmission technology to send data to a monitoring center to achieve remote monitoring and early warning.

[0046] Specifically, the maintenance method also includes establishing an equipment maintenance file to record the details of each inspection, maintenance, lubrication, and component replacement history, using big data analysis technology to predict equipment wear trends and formulate maintenance plans in advance.

[0047] In this embodiment, the maintenance method also includes regularly reinforcing the pumping unit foundation to prevent equipment deformation due to foundation settlement, increase equipment stability during operation, and reduce additional wear caused by vibration.

[0048] Working principle: During the oil production process of the pumping unit, through regular inspection and recording, the wear and operating status of the equipment can be timely grasped. The lubrication plan formulated according to the wear conditions ensures that all components are fully lubricated and friction is reduced. The surface strengthening treatment improves the wear resistance of the components, so that they can still maintain good performance in harsh working environments. The optimization of operating parameters reduces the friction and contact pressure between components and reduces the wear rate. The shock absorption and buffering devices absorb and buffer vibration and impact force, reducing damage to components. Regular cleaning and maintenance keep the equipment clean to prevent impurities from aggravating wear. Operator training improves the standardization of equipment use and maintenance, extends the service life of the equipment, and improves oil production efficiency and economic benefits.

[0049] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A maintenance method for reducing wear during oil production by a pumping unit, characterized by: The maintenance method for reducing pump wear comprises the following steps: Step 1: Regularly check the various components of the pumping unit, especially the parts prone to wear, such as the sucker rod, oil pipe, seals, etc., and record the wear conditions and equipment operating parameters; Step 2: Develop a personalized lubrication plan based on wear conditions and equipment operating parameters, select appropriate lubricants and lubrication cycles, and ensure that all components are fully lubricated; Step 3: Use advanced surface treatment technologies, such as coating and plating, to strengthen the surface of easily worn parts and improve their wear resistance; Step 4: Optimize the operating parameters of the pumping unit, such as stroke and stroke frequency, to reduce friction and contact pressure between components and reduce wear rate; Step 5: Install shock absorbers and buffer devices to absorb and buffer the vibration and impact force of the pumping unit during operation to reduce damage to components; Step 6: Clean and maintain the pumping unit regularly to remove oil stains and impurities to prevent impurities from entering between moving parts and increasing wear; Step 7: Train operators to improve their operating skills and maintenance awareness to ensure the correct use and timely maintenance of equipment.

2. A maintenance method for reducing wear during oil production of a pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubrication plan is dynamically adjusted according to the equipment operation time and wear degree. Initially, lubrication is performed once every two weeks. When the wear degree reaches a preset threshold, it is adjusted to lubrication once a week and the amount of lubricant is increased accordingly.

3. A maintenance method for reducing wear during oil production of a pumping unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface treatment technology uses wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials and processes, specifically a combination of tungsten-titanium coating and chromium carbide plating, with the coating thickness controlled at 0.5-1.0 mm.

4. A maintenance method for reducing wear during oil production of a pumping unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The optimization of the operating parameters is carried out by combining simulation and experiment to determine the best combination. The specific process is: first, computer simulation is used to analyze the stress conditions of each component under different strokes and stroke frequencies, and then combined with field test data, it is determined that the wear is minimized when the stroke is 1.8 meters and the stroke frequency is 6.5 times / minute.

5. A maintenance method for reducing wear during oil production of a pumping unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shock absorbing device and the buffer device are made of high-elasticity and high-damping materials, specifically a polyurethane and rubber composite material with an elastic modulus of 50-80 MPa and a damping coefficient of 0.15-0.

25.

6. A maintenance method for reducing wear during oil production of a pumping unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cleaning and maintenance include regular replacement of lubricating oil and filtering of impurities in the oil. The lubricating oil is replaced once a month and the oil is filtered using a high-precision filter element with a filtration accuracy of 5 microns.

7. A maintenance method for reducing wear during oil production of a pumping unit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The operator training content includes equipment structure, working principle, operating procedures and daily maintenance knowledge, specifically increasing the study of the working principles of the hydraulic system and lubrication system, as well as training in rapid maintenance and troubleshooting skills in emergency situations.

8. A maintenance method for reducing wear during oil production of a pumping unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The maintenance method also includes installing an intelligent monitoring system to monitor the operating status and wear of various components of the pumping unit in real time, and using wireless transmission technology to send data to a monitoring center to achieve remote monitoring and early warning.

9. A maintenance method for reducing wear during oil production of a pumping unit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The maintenance method also includes establishing an equipment maintenance file to record the details of each inspection, maintenance, lubrication, and component replacement history, using big data analysis technology to predict equipment wear trends and formulate maintenance plans in advance.

10. A maintenance method for reducing wear during oil production of a pumping unit according to claim 9, characterized in that: The maintenance method also includes regularly reinforcing the pumping unit foundation to prevent equipment deformation due to foundation settlement, increase equipment stability during operation, and reduce additional wear caused by vibration.

Images