Power generation system based on small reactor and power generation control method

Abstract

The invention provides a power generation system based on a small reactor and a power generation control method. The system comprises the small reactor, a steam compressor and a generator set of an original coal-fired thermal power generating unit. The small reactor comprises a reactor core, a main pump and a steam generator, the reactor core is used for generating primary loop steam, the primary loop steam is driven by the main pump to flow through the steam generator, and heat is transferred to a secondary loop in the steam generator; the secondary loop steam is driven by the water feeding pump to sequentially flow through the steam compressor and the generator set and return to the steam generator; and outlet steam parameters of the steam compressor are consistent with outlet steam parameters of the original coal-fired thermal power generating unit boiler. According to the power generation system, the small reactor is adopted to replace a traditional coal-fired thermal power generating unit boiler, the small reactor is small in occupied area and more flexible in site selection, other parts, except the boiler, of the original coal-fired thermal power generating unit continue to be used, nuclear energy in-situ replacement of the coal-fired thermal power generating unit is achieved, and follow-up decommissioning and transformation of the coal-fired thermal power generating unit are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power generation, and in particular to a power generation system based on a small reactor and a power generation control method. Background Art

[0002] Under the goal of energy transformation and in the process of building a new power system, the transformation and development of existing coal-fired power units has become a key task and the only way forward, especially for a large number of coal-fired power units that have reached the end of their design life. The shutdown of old units is becoming increasingly urgent.

[0003] Some coal-fired power units with better conditions will gradually transform into system-regulating and backup power sources, while some old coal-fired power units with poorer conditions are facing retirement. The development strategies of these units will have an important impact on ensuring the security of power supply and smoothly achieving energy transformation goals.

[0004] It should be noted that the direct elimination of coal-fired power plants will not only cause waste of power resources and affect local economic development, but will also affect the entire coal-fired power supply chain. The work and life of thousands of people will become problems, thereby increasing unemployment and social instability.

[0005] As we know, nuclear energy is recognized worldwide as a clean energy source. Nuclear power generation shares similarities with coal-fired power generation, ultimately requiring steam to drive turbines, which in turn drive generators. However, there are differences in steam quality between nuclear and coal-fired power generation, with coal-fired power generation typically requiring much higher quality steam. Current commercial nuclear power plants are plagued by large land occupation, high construction costs, and difficult site selection. These factors hinder the feasibility of directly replacing coal-fired power with existing commercial nuclear power units.

[0006] Based on this, the inventors of the present application propose a power generation system and a power generation control method based on a small reactor, in order to solve one or more of the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect of the difficulty in transformation of coal-fired power plants in the prior art and to provide a power generation system and power generation control method based on a small reactor.

[0008] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides a power generation system based on a small reactor, comprising:

[0010] Small reactors, steam compressors and generator sets of original coal-fired power plants;

[0011] The small reactor includes a reactor core, a main pump, and a steam generator. The reactor core is used to generate primary steam. Driven by the main pump, the primary steam flows through the steam generator and transfers heat to the secondary steam in the steam generator. Driven by the feedwater pump, the secondary steam flows through the steam compressor and the generator set in sequence and returns to the steam generator.

[0012] The outlet steam parameters of the steam compressor are consistent with the outlet steam parameters of the original coal-fired power plant boiler.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a superheater is further provided downstream of the steam generator, and the secondary circuit steam flows to the steam compressor through the superheater.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a first detection unit is provided at the outlet of the superheater, and the first detection unit is used to detect the parameters of the steam after passing through the superheater;

[0015] A second detection unit is provided at the outlet of the steam compressor, and the second detection unit is used to detect the parameters of the steam output by the steam compressor.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the generator set includes a steam turbine high-pressure cylinder, a steam-water separator, a steam turbine medium- and low-pressure cylinders, a generator, a condenser, the feedwater pump, and a heat recovery system that are connected in sequence;

[0017] The middle and low pressure cylinders of the steam turbine are connected to the generator and the condenser respectively;

[0018] The outlet end of the steam compressor is connected to the inlet end of the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, the outlet end of the condenser is connected to the feed water pump, the outlet end of the feed water pump is connected to the inlet end of the heat recovery system, and the outlet end of the heat recovery system is connected to the steam generator.

[0019] The present invention also provides a small reactor-based power generation control method, using the small reactor-based power generation system described above, the control method includes:

[0020] Step 1: Obtain the outlet steam parameters of the original coal-fired power plant boiler;

[0021] Step 2: Connect the small reactor, steam generator and steam compressor to the generator set for power generation; wherein the outlet steam parameters of the steam compressor are consistent with the outlet steam parameters of the original coal-fired power plant boiler.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present invention, after step 1, the method further includes:

[0023] A superheater is provided between the steam generator and the steam compressor so that the outlet steam parameters of the steam compressor are consistent with the outlet steam parameters of the original coal-fired power plant boiler.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes providing a first detection unit downstream of the superheater for detecting parameters of steam after passing through the superheater.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a second detection unit is further provided downstream of the steam compressor for detecting parameters of steam after passing through the steam compressor.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the small reactor is installed at the site of the original coal-fired power plant.

[0027] The positive progress effect of the present invention is:

[0028] The present invention is based on a power generation system of a small reactor, which uses a small reactor to replace the boiler of a traditional coal-fired power plant. The small reactor occupies a small area and is more flexible in site selection. In addition, other components of the original coal-fired power plant except the boiler are still used, realizing the in-situ replacement of nuclear energy for the coal-fired power plant, which is conducive to the subsequent decommissioning and transformation of the coal-fired power plant. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the power generation system based on a small reactor of the present invention.

[0031] 1. Small reactor; 11. Reactor core; 12. Main pump; 13. Steam generator; 14. Superheater; 141. First detection unit;

[0032] 2. Steam compressor; 21. Second detection unit;

[0033] 3. Generator set; 31. Steam turbine high-pressure cylinder; 32. Steam-water separator; 33. Steam turbine medium and low-pressure cylinders; 34. Generator; 35. Condenser; 36. Feedwater pump; 37. Heat recovery system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. More details are set forth in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can obviously be implemented in a variety of other ways different from the description herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations and deductions based on actual application situations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should not be limited by the content of this specific embodiment.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 The present invention proposes a power generation system based on a small reactor, including a small reactor 1, a steam generator 13, a steam compressor 2 and a generator set 3 of an original coal-fired thermal power unit boiler; the small reactor 1 includes a core 11, and the core 11 is used to generate primary steam. The primary steam flows through the steam generator 13 in sequence under the drive of a main pump 12, and transfers heat to the secondary steam in the steam generator 13. The secondary steam flows through the steam compressor 2 and the generator set 3 in sequence under the drive of a feedwater pump 36 and returns to the steam generator 13; wherein the outlet steam parameters of the steam compressor 2 are consistent with the outlet steam parameters of the original coal-fired thermal power unit boiler.

[0037] It can be seen that the direct elimination of coal-fired power plants will cause waste of power resources, affect local economic development, and thus increase unemployment and social instability.

[0038] Based on this, the present application utilizes a small reactor 1 in combination with a steam generator 13 and a steam compressor 2 to output steam parameters that are consistent with the outlet steam parameters of the original coal-fired power plant boiler. On the one hand, this can avoid the waste of resources caused by the complete demolition of the coal-fired power plant; on the other hand, it can save the construction costs required to rebuild nuclear power generation.

[0039] In other words, the proposed method of generating electricity using a small reactor 1, without the use of the original coal-fired power plant boiler, offers the advantages of a small footprint, greater site flexibility, and lower overall construction costs. If the original coal-fired power plant boiler is required, a generator unit 3 can be built on-site and utilize crude oil, shortening the overall project implementation period and avoiding the waste of existing coal-fired power plant resources.

[0040] It should be noted that the generator set 3 of the original coal-fired power plant mentioned above includes not only the generator set 3 but also other components of the original coal-fired power plant except the boiler. That is, the present application uses the small reactor 1 as a heat source to replace the boiler of the original coal-fired power plant.

[0041] Specifically, the core 11 generates primary steam, which enters the steam generator 13 driven by the main pump 12 to exchange heat with the secondary steam, thereby generating secondary steam. After the secondary steam performs work in the steam compressor 2, its temperature and pressure are increased synchronously, and then it enters the generator set 3 to generate electricity. After completing the work, it returns to the steam generator 13, forming a closed cycle.

[0042] It should be noted that the benefits of keeping the outlet steam parameters of the steam compressor 2 consistent with the outlet steam parameters of the original coal-fired boiler include at least:

[0043] 1. Compatibility with existing coal-fired power plant facilities. The steam turbine, condenser 35, and heat recovery system 37 of the coal-fired power plant are all designed according to specific steam parameters. Keeping the outlet steam parameters of the steam compressor 2 consistent with those of the original coal-fired boiler can avoid additional modification costs.

[0044] 2. Ensure thermal cycle efficiency. Steam parameters directly affect cycle efficiency. Maintaining the original parameters can ensure constant turbine efficiency, controllable exhaust temperature, and stable heat rate.

[0045] 3. Simplify the integration complexity of the modified system. Because this application uses a small reactor 1 to replace the original boiler, the control system of the original coal-fired power unit has preset steam parameter thresholds. If the parameters remain consistent, the original control strategy can be directly used, reducing software redevelopment and further reducing modification costs.

[0046] 4. Safety risk control: If the new output steam parameters are too high, it may cause thermal stress cracks in the material structure of the turbine rotor, cylinder, etc., so the safety risk after the transformation can be reduced.

[0047] Please continue to refer to Figure 1 A superheater 14 is provided between the steam generator 13 and the steam compressor 2 , and the secondary circuit steam flows to the steam compressor 2 through the superheater 14 .

[0048] The use of the superheater 14 is beneficial for eliminating liquid water droplets in the steam and avoiding damage to the blades of the steam compressor 2 .

[0049] Specifically, the superheater 14 can be a heating mechanism, such as a shell and tube heater or an electric heater; or it can also exchange heat with a medium with higher parameters. Both methods are acceptable and are not limited here.

[0050] Furthermore, a first detection unit 141 is provided at the outlet of the superheater 14, and the first detection unit 141 is used to detect the steam parameters output by the superheater 14; a second detection unit 21 is provided at the outlet of the steam compressor 2, and the second detection unit 21 is used to detect the steam parameters output by the steam compressor 2.

[0051] As can be seen, steam parameters include steam temperature and steam pressure. After the primary steam passes through the steam generator 13, the steam temperature decreases while the pressure remains unchanged. Therefore, the first detection unit 141 can include only a temperature detection element, or it can include both a temperature detection element and a pressure detection element.

[0052] Specifically, the temperature detecting element may be a thermocouple, a resistance temperature detector, or an infrared non-contact thermometer, and the pressure detecting element may be a piezoresistive pressure transmitter, a capacitive pressure sensor, etc., which are not limited here.

[0053] The first detection unit 141 can be used to obtain the steam parameters output by the steam generator 13 and the superheater 14, and the operating status of the miniaturized reactor can also be obtained.

[0054] The second detection unit 21 is used to detect the steam parameters output by the steam compressor 2. In actual applications, the operating conditions of the steam generator 13 and the superheater 14 are generally adjusted based on the detection values of the first detection unit 141, such as power or external higher-level medium parameters, to meet the inlet steam parameter requirements of the steam compressor 2.

[0055] In one embodiment, the generator set 3 includes a turbine high-pressure cylinder 31, a steam-water separator 32, a turbine intermediate and low-pressure cylinders 33, a generator 34, a condenser 35, a feed water pump 36 and a heat recovery system 37 connected in sequence; the turbine intermediate and low-pressure cylinders 33 are respectively connected to the generator 34 and the condenser 35; the outlet end of the steam compressor 2 is connected to the inlet end of the turbine high-pressure cylinder 31, the outlet end of the condenser 35 is connected to the feed water pump 36, the outlet end of the feed water pump 36 is connected to the inlet end of the heat recovery system 37, and the outlet end of the heat recovery system 37 is connected to the steam generator 13.

[0056] The present invention further proposes a power generation control method based on a small reactor, using the above-mentioned power generation system based on a small reactor, and the power generation control method includes:

[0057] Step 1: Obtain the outlet steam parameters of the original coal-fired power plant boiler;

[0058] Step 2: Connect the small reactor, steam generator and steam compressor to the generator set for power generation; wherein the outlet steam parameters of the steam compressor are consistent with the outlet steam parameters of the original coal-fired power unit boiler.

[0059] Furthermore, after step 1, the method further includes: arranging a superheater between the steam generator and the steam compressor so that the outlet steam parameters of the steam compressor are consistent with the outlet steam parameters of the original coal-fired power plant boiler.

[0060] Furthermore, the method further includes arranging a first detection unit downstream of the superheater to detect steam parameters after passing through the superheater.

[0061] Moreover, a second detection unit is provided downstream of the steam compressor for detecting the parameters of the steam after passing through the steam compressor.

[0062] It should be noted that the small reactor in this application is installed at the site of the original coal-fired power plant. In other words, this application uses a small reactor to replace the boiler of the coal-fired power plant, offering the advantages of a small footprint and flexible layout. Furthermore, the steam parameters at the outlet of the steam compressor are consistent with those of the boiler of the original coal-fired power plant, allowing the generator set of the original coal-fired power plant to be utilized. This, in turn, reduces investment costs in nuclear power generation projects and avoids energy waste.

[0063] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and so on should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection; it can also be a mechanical connection. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0064] This application uses specific terms to describe the embodiments of this application. For example, "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure, or characteristic associated with at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment," "an embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or multiple times in different locations in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of this application may be appropriately combined.

[0065] Although the present invention is disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, this is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent variations, and modifications made to the above embodiments in accordance with the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power generation system based on a small reactor, characterized in that: include: Small reactors, steam compressors and generator sets of original coal-fired power plants; The small reactor includes a reactor core, a main pump, and a steam generator. The reactor core is used to generate primary steam. Driven by the main pump, the primary steam flows through the steam generator and transfers heat to the secondary steam in the steam generator. Driven by the feedwater pump, the secondary steam flows through the steam compressor and the generator set in sequence and returns to the steam generator. The outlet steam parameters of the steam compressor are consistent with the outlet steam parameters of the original coal-fired power plant boiler.

2. The power generation system based on a small reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A superheater is further provided downstream of the steam generator, and the secondary circuit steam flows to the steam compressor through the superheater.

3. The power generation system based on a small reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first detection unit is provided at the outlet of the superheater, and the first detection unit is used to detect the steam parameters after passing through the superheater; A second detection unit is provided at the outlet of the steam compressor, and the second detection unit is used to detect the parameters of the steam output by the steam compressor.

4. The power generation system based on a small reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The generator set includes a steam turbine high-pressure cylinder, a steam-water separator, a steam turbine medium- and low-pressure cylinders, a generator, a condenser, the feed water pump and a heat recovery system connected in sequence; The middle and low pressure cylinders of the steam turbine are connected to the generator and the condenser respectively; The outlet end of the steam compressor is connected to the inlet end of the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, the outlet end of the condenser is connected to the feed water pump, the outlet end of the feed water pump is connected to the inlet end of the heat recovery system, and the outlet end of the heat recovery system is connected to the steam generator.

5. A power generation control method based on a small reactor, characterized in that: Using the small reactor-based power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the control method includes: Step 1: Obtain the outlet steam parameters of the original coal-fired power plant boiler; Step 2: Connect the small reactor, steam generator and steam compressor to the generator set for power generation; wherein the outlet steam parameters of the steam compressor are consistent with the outlet steam parameters of the original coal-fired power plant boiler.

6. The power generation control method based on a small reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: After step 1, the method further includes: A superheater is provided between the steam generator and the steam compressor so that the outlet steam parameters of the steam compressor are consistent with the outlet steam parameters of the original coal-fired power plant boiler.

7. The power generation control method based on a small reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes setting a first detection unit downstream of the superheater to detect steam parameters after passing through the superheater.

8. The power generation control method based on a small reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes that a second detection unit is arranged downstream of the steam compressor to detect the parameters of the steam after passing through the steam compressor.

9. The power generation control method based on a small reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The small reactor is located at the site of the original coal-fired power plant.

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