Sludge drying and incineration treatment system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a sludge drying and incineration treatment system, which comprises a sludge drying unit, a crushing and screening unit, a sludge incineration unit and a sludge incineration unit, wherein the sludge drying unit is used for reducing the water content of sludge through heat exchange and conveying the treated sludge to the crushing and screening unit; the crushing and screening unit crushes the sludge into a preset particle size range and then quantitatively conveys the sludge to the multi-fuel incineration unit; the multi-fuel incineration unit dynamically adjusts fuel combination and combustion-supporting parameters according to combustion working conditions and guides generated flue gas into the flue gas purification unit; and the flue gas purification unit purifies flue gas through a multi-stage treatment process and then discharges the flue gas. Through modular design and an intelligent control strategy, the system realizes efficient utilization of energy and deep purification of pollutants. The heat energy recovery mechanism of the drying unit greatly reduces the treatment energy consumption, the multi-fuel adaptation function of the incineration unit improves the operation stability, and the cascade treatment process of the flue gas purification unit ensures that the emission index is superior to the standard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of this specification relate to the technical field of environmental protection equipment, and in particular to a sludge drying and incineration treatment system. Background Art

[0002] With the increase in sewage treatment volume, the amount of sludge produced is also increasing. Sludge contains a large amount of harmful substances, which will cause serious environmental pollution if not handled properly.

[0003] Existing sludge treatment technologies suffer from high energy consumption, high risk of secondary pollution, and low automation. Traditional incineration systems often rely on a single drying process, resulting in low thermal efficiency; flue gas treatment units are often discrete, making it difficult to achieve coordinated pollutant control; and fixed system operating parameters make them unable to adapt to changes in material properties.

[0004] Therefore, a better solution is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the embodiments of this specification provide a sludge drying and incineration treatment system to solve the technical defects existing in the prior art.

[0006] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of this specification, there is provided a sludge drying and incineration treatment system, comprising a sludge drying unit, a crushing and screening unit, a multi-fuel incineration unit, and a flue gas purification unit; The sludge drying unit reduces the moisture content of the sludge through heat exchange and transports the treated sludge to the crushing and screening unit; The crushing and screening unit crushes the sludge into a preset particle size range and then quantitatively transports it to the multi-fuel incineration unit; The multi-fuel incineration unit dynamically adjusts the fuel combination and combustion parameters according to the combustion conditions, and introduces the generated flue gas into the flue gas purification unit; The flue gas purification unit purifies the flue gas through a multi-stage treatment process before discharging it.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the sludge drying unit comprises a thin-layer flash dryer and a convection crushing drying tower arranged in series; The thin layer flash dryer uses the waste heat from incineration flue gas to reduce the sludge moisture content from 80% to 45% within 10-15 seconds; The convection crushing drying tower uses built-in rotating blades to synchronously crush the sludge during the drying process; Also includes: The sludge component analyzer detects sludge components online and generates the mass ratio of each component; The heat source characteristic database stores the energy efficiency parameters of each level of heat sources; The drying medium temperature is collected in real time through distributed temperature sensors; The heat metering device records the actual heat supply of each level of heat source; Laboratory measurement devices regularly update pollutant volatility data; The pressure transmitter monitors the system operating pressure.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the crushing and screening unit includes a hammer crusher and a three-stage vibrating screen; The particle size of the hammer crusher discharge is controlled below 10mm; The three-stage vibrating screening machine divides the materials into three grades: >5mm, 2-5mm and <2mm and stores them separately.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the multi-fuel incineration unit adopts a three-chamber rotary kiln structure, which includes a high-temperature combustion chamber, a medium-temperature cracking chamber, and a low-temperature carbonization chamber arranged from the inside to the outside. Each chamber is equipped with an independent fuel injection system and temperature control system. The environmental standards database stores the limit requirements for various pollutants; The online monitor detects the concentration of pollutants in the flue gas in real time; The element property database records the heavy metal migration activity parameters; The adsorbent regeneration system outputs regeneration efficiency data; the toxicity equivalent factor table stores the environmental toxicity parameters of organic pollutants.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the flue gas purification unit includes a quenching and poison suppression device, a composite adsorption reactor, and an ozone oxidation denitrification tower; The composite adsorption reactor is filled with heavy metal capture agent, dioxin adsorbent and acid gas neutralizer in layers; The flow meter measures the flue gas volume flow in real time; The residence time calculator calculates the flue gas residence time based on the purification unit volume and flow data.

[0011] In a possible implementation, it further includes a drying process optimization calculation module; The drying process optimization calculation module calculates the optimal drying parameters based on sludge characteristics and heat source parameters. The calculation formula is:

[0012] in, represents the drying efficiency coefficient, represents the drying characteristic coefficient of the i-th sludge component; represents the mass proportion of the i-th component; β represents the heat conduction correction factor; T represents the drying medium temperature; represents the energy efficiency coefficient of the j-th level heat source; represents the heat supply of the j-th level heat source; δ represents the volume conversion coefficient; V represents the effective volume of the drying equipment; represents the volatility coefficient of the kth type of pollutant; represents the initial content of the kth type of pollutant; ζ represents the pressure influencing factor; P represents the system working pressure.

[0013] In a possible implementation, it further includes a purification effect evaluation module; The purification effect evaluation module calculates the comprehensive purification efficiency of the system based on the pollutant removal rate. The calculation formula is:

[0014] in, Indicates the comprehensive purification efficiency value, represents the environmental weight coefficient of the xth pollutant; C x represents the measured concentration of the xth pollutant; ν represents the flow correction parameter; Q represents the actual flue gas flow; represents the migration activity coefficient of the sth heavy metal; represents the removal rate of the sth heavy metal; π represents the equipment performance coefficient; R represents the adsorbent regeneration efficiency; It represents the toxicity equivalent factor of the uth type organic pollutant; represents the residual concentration of the uth type of organic pollutant; τ represents the time decay parameter; S represents the residence time of the flue gas in the purification system.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the multi-fuel incineration unit further comprises a secondary combustion chamber; The secondary combustion chamber is arranged at the outlet end of the rotary kiln, and is equipped with a porous medium burner and a swirl air distribution system.

[0016] In one possible implementation, a nitrogen protection chamber is provided between the sludge drying unit and the crushing and screening unit; The nitrogen protection chamber is equipped with an oxygen content monitor and an automatic nitrogen replenishment device to maintain the oxygen concentration in the chamber at ≤3%.

[0017] In one possible implementation, a flue gas reheating device is provided at the end of the flue gas purification unit; The flue gas reheating device uses the waste heat from the incineration unit to heat the purified flue gas to 20-30℃ above the dew point temperature before discharging it.

[0018] The embodiments of this specification provide a sludge drying and incineration treatment system, wherein the sludge drying and incineration treatment system includes: a sludge drying unit reduces the moisture content of the sludge through heat exchange, and transports the treated sludge to a crushing and screening unit; the crushing and screening unit crushes the sludge into a preset particle size range and then quantitatively transports it to a multi-fuel incineration unit; the multi-fuel incineration unit dynamically adjusts the fuel combination and combustion-supporting parameters according to the combustion conditions, and introduces the generated flue gas into a flue gas purification unit; the flue gas purification unit purifies the flue gas through a multi-stage treatment process and then discharges it. Through modular design and intelligent control strategies, the system achieves efficient energy utilization and deep purification of pollutants. The heat recovery mechanism of the drying unit greatly reduces the processing energy consumption, the multi-fuel adaptation function of the incineration unit improves the operational stability, and the cascade treatment process of the flue gas purification unit ensures that the emission indicators are better than the standards. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a system schematic diagram of a sludge drying and incineration treatment system provided in one embodiment of this specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a thorough understanding of this specification. However, this specification can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the scope of this specification. Therefore, this specification is not limited to the specific implementations disclosed below.

[0021] The terms used in one or more embodiments of this specification are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit one or more embodiments of this specification. The singular forms "a," "an," and "the" used in one or more embodiments of this specification and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in one or more embodiments of this specification refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0022] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various information in one or more embodiments of this specification, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of this specification, the first may also be referred to as the second, and similarly, the second may also be referred to as the first. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0023] In this specification, a sludge drying and incineration treatment system is provided, which is described in detail in the following examples.

[0024] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 A system schematic diagram of a sludge drying and incineration treatment system provided according to an embodiment of the present specification is shown, comprising a sludge drying unit 101, a crushing and screening unit 102, a multi-fuel incineration unit 103 and a flue gas purification unit 104; the sludge drying unit 101 reduces the moisture content of the sludge through heat exchange, and transports the treated sludge to the crushing and screening unit; the crushing and screening unit 102 crushes the sludge into a preset particle size range and then quantitatively transports it to the multi-fuel incineration unit; the multi-fuel incineration unit 103 dynamically adjusts the fuel combination and combustion-supporting parameters according to the combustion conditions, and introduces the generated flue gas into the flue gas purification unit; the flue gas purification unit 104 purifies the flue gas through a multi-stage treatment process and then discharges it.

[0025] The sludge drying unit utilizes heat exchange to reduce the moisture content of sludge, achieving water evaporation through contact or non-contact heat transfer. It includes a heat source supply, heat transfer medium circulation, and a humidity control system. The crushing and screening unit, a material handling device consisting of a high-speed crusher and vibrating screen, mechanically crushes the dried sludge to a preset particle size range of three to eight millimeters. A weighing sensor is equipped for quantitative delivery. The multi-fuel incineration unit supports the mixed combustion of sludge and auxiliary fuels (such as natural gas or biomass pellets). It integrates an oxygen content detector, temperature sensor array, and fuel injection system to dynamically optimize combustion parameters. The flue gas purification unit comprises a series-connected treatment chain consisting of a quenching tower, an adsorption reactor, a bag filter, and a wet scrubber. It removes acidic gases, heavy metals, and particulate matter through a combination of physical interception and chemical reactions. Heat exchange is the process by which heat is transferred from the high-temperature medium (steam or flue gas) to the sludge in the drying unit. Countercurrent or cross-current heat exchange structures are used to improve energy efficiency. Preset particle size range: The optimal combustion particle size range verified by experiments, usually controlled between one and ten millimeters to ensure sufficient combustion and stable furnace flow field. Combustion conditions: A set of real-time status parameters that reflect the temperature distribution, oxygen concentration and combustion efficiency in the incinerator, which are continuously monitored by a multivariable sensor network. Fuel combination: A mixed fuel scheme dynamically adjusted according to calorific value requirements and emission standards, including the percentage ratio of sludge main fuel and auxiliary fuel. Combustion-supporting parameters: A combination of operating variables that affect combustion efficiency, covering key indicators such as secondary air volume, grate speed and combustion chamber negative pressure. Multi-stage treatment process: A step-by-step treatment process designed according to the characteristics of pollutants in the flue gas purification unit, including continuous processes of cooling, dust removal, deacidification and heavy metal removal.

[0026] This system optimizes the entire sludge treatment process through a modular design. The thermal coupling between the drying and incineration units significantly reduces external energy consumption. Crushing and screening ensure material homogenization, improving subsequent combustion stability. The intelligent control function of the multi-fuel incineration unit adapts to the treatment needs of different sludge qualities, reducing the use of auxiliary fuels. The flue gas purification utilizes a progressive treatment process to effectively control the emission concentrations of various pollutants. The overall system offers the combined advantages of high treatment efficiency, low operating costs, and excellent environmental performance.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the sludge drying unit includes a thin-layer flash dryer and a convection crushing drying tower arranged in series; the thin-layer flash dryer uses the waste heat from incineration flue gas to reduce the sludge moisture content from 80% to 45% within 10-15 seconds; the convection crushing drying tower uses built-in rotating blades to simultaneously crush the sludge during the drying process.

[0028] Among them, thin layer flash dryer: a fast drying equipment designed based on thin layer materials, which uses high-temperature flue gas to dehydrate sludge in a very short time and improves evaporation efficiency by optimizing the heat exchange surface. Convection crushing drying tower: an integrated device that combines airflow convection drying and mechanical crushing functions, and simultaneously completes dehydration and particle size control through forced air circulation and built-in crushing mechanism. Built-in rotating blade: a dynamic tool system installed inside the drying tower, which continuously cuts the sludge during the drying process to prevent agglomeration and promote uniform evaporation of water. Incineration flue gas waste heat: the high-temperature exhaust gas heat energy recovered from the incineration unit is used as an external heat source for the drying process to achieve energy recycling. Sludge moisture content: a key indicator that characterizes the mass proportion of water in sludge, which directly affects the treatment efficiency and energy consumption. Drying process: a physical operation to remove moisture from sludge through heat energy transfer, covering the stages of evaporation, mass transfer and material form change.

[0029] Furthermore, it also includes: a sludge composition analyzer to detect sludge components online and generate the mass ratio of each component; a heat source characteristic database to store the energy efficiency parameters of each level of heat source; the drying medium temperature is collected in real time through distributed temperature sensors; a heat metering device to record the actual heating capacity of each level of heat source; a laboratory measurement device to regularly update pollutant volatility data; and a pressure transmitter to monitor the system working pressure.

[0030] The sludge drying unit of this invention uses a thin-layer flash dryer to achieve rapid initial dehydration of the sludge, significantly shortening the treatment cycle and effectively recovering incineration waste heat. A convection crushing and drying tower simultaneously performs drying and crushing operations, significantly improving material homogenization and energy efficiency. The overall design optimizes system response speed, reduces external energy consumption, avoids sludge sticking, and enhances the stability and reliability of subsequent treatment.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the crushing and screening unit includes a hammer crusher and a three-stage vibrating screen; the particle size of the hammer crusher output is controlled to be below 10 mm; the three-stage vibrating screen divides the material into three grades of >5 mm, 2-5 mm and <2 mm and stores them separately.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the multi-fuel incineration unit adopts a three-chamber rotary kiln structure, which includes a high-temperature combustion chamber, a medium-temperature cracking chamber and a low-temperature carbonization chamber arranged from the inside to the outside. Each chamber is equipped with an independent fuel injection system and temperature control system; the environmental protection standard database stores the limit requirements for various pollutants; the online monitor detects the pollutant concentration in the flue gas in real time; the element characteristic database records the heavy metal migration activity parameters; the adsorbent regeneration system outputs regeneration efficiency data; and the toxicity equivalent factor table stores the environmental toxicity parameters of organic pollutants.

[0033] The three-chamber rotary kiln structure utilizes a coaxially nested rotary kiln design, physically separated into three independent reaction zones to achieve a graded temperature distribution and graded pollutant treatment. The high-temperature combustion chamber maintains a high temperature of 1,000 to 1,200 degrees Celsius in the innermost chamber, ensuring the complete oxidation and decomposition of organic pollutants. The medium-temperature cracking chamber maintains a temperature between 600 and 800 degrees Celsius, promoting the thermal decomposition of large organic molecules into small, combustible gases. The low-temperature carbonization chamber maintains a temperature between 300 and 500 degrees Celsius in the outermost chamber, stabilizing heavy metals and solidifying residual carbon. The fuel injection system utilizes a fuel supply system equipped with multi-channel nozzles, enabling precise adjustment of fuel type and injection volume based on the needs of each chamber. The temperature control system utilizes a closed-loop control module integrating thermocouples and intelligent control valves to ensure that temperature fluctuations within each chamber do not exceed ±20 degrees Celsius. The environmental standards database stores a structured dataset of emission limits for pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, supporting dynamic comparative analysis. Online Monitor: A real-time detection device using laser spectroscopy technology, updating flue gas heavy metal and dioxin concentration data every five seconds. Elemental Properties Database: A knowledge base that records the volatility and chemical form changes of heavy metals such as lead and cadmium at different temperatures. Adsorbent Regeneration System: A circulating device that restores the adsorption capacity of activated carbon through thermal desorption or chemical cleaning, including an efficiency metering module. Toxicity Equivalency Factor Table: A matrix of conversion factors that quantify the toxicity of dioxins relative to standard values, used for comprehensive toxicity assessments.

[0034] This multi-fuel incineration unit utilizes a three-chamber structure to achieve cascaded pollutant treatment. The high-temperature combustion chamber ensures complete incineration of organic matter, the medium-temperature cracking chamber improves energy recovery efficiency, and the low-temperature carbonization chamber effectively suppresses heavy metal volatilization. The synergistic effect of the independent temperature control system and fuel injection significantly improves combustion stability. Online monitoring and database integration provide early warning of excessive emissions. Adsorbent regeneration optimization guided by an elemental properties database reduces operating costs, and a toxicity equivalence factor table provides a scientific basis for environmental risk assessment. The overall system combines high treatment efficiency, low energy consumption, and a high level of intelligence.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the flue gas purification unit includes a quenching and poison suppression device, a composite adsorption reactor, and an ozone oxidation denitrification tower; the composite adsorption reactor is layered with heavy metal scavengers, dioxin adsorbents, and acid gas neutralizers; a flow meter measures the flue gas volume flow in real time; and a residence time calculator calculates the flue gas residence time based on the purification device volume and flow data.

[0036] Among them: Rapid Cooling and Poison Suppression Device: A key device that rapidly cools down the flue gas to inhibit dioxin resynthesis, using spray cooling to reduce the flue gas temperature from 500°C to below 200°C in one second. Composite Adsorption Reactor: A purification device with integrated multi-media layered filling that synergistically removes different pollutants through physical adsorption and chemical reactions. Ozone Oxidation Denitrification Tower: A specialized tower that utilizes the strong oxidizing properties of ozone to convert nitric oxide into high-valent nitrogen oxides, which are then denitrified through alkaline absorption. Heavy Metal Scavenger: A sulfur-containing compound or silicate material that fixes heavy metal ions such as lead and cadmium in flue gas through chemical chelation. Dioxin Adsorbent: A high-surface-area activated carbon or molecular sieve material that captures gas-phase dioxin molecules through microporous adsorption. Acid Gas Neutralizer: An alkaline substance such as calcium hydroxide or sodium bicarbonate used to neutralize acidic pollutants such as sulfur dioxide and hydrogen chloride. Flowmeter: A metering instrument using thermal or ultrasonic principles that monitors flue gas volume flow in real time and outputs standard status data. Residence Time Calculator‌: An embedded calculation module that dynamically displays the flue gas treatment duration by comparing the effective volume of the purification unit to the real-time flow rate.

[0037] This flue gas purification unit utilizes a quenching and poison suppression device to effectively block the low-temperature resynthesis pathway of dioxins. The layered design of the composite adsorption reactor achieves efficient and simultaneous removal of heavy metals, dioxins, and acid gases. The ozone oxidation denitrification tower significantly improves nitrogen oxide purification efficiency. The synergistic effect of the flow meter and residence time calculator ensures optimal reaction times for each treatment step. The overall system offers thorough purification, stable operation, and a high degree of intelligence, meeting stringent environmental emission requirements.

[0038] In a possible implementation, a drying process optimization calculation module is further included; the drying process optimization calculation module calculates the optimal drying parameters based on the sludge characteristics and heat source parameters, and the calculation formula is:

[0039] in, represents the drying efficiency coefficient, It represents the drying characteristic coefficient of the i-th sludge component, which comes from the test results of the sludge component analyzer; represents the mass proportion of the i-th component, which is derived from the online component detection data; β represents the heat conduction correction factor; T represents the drying medium temperature, which is derived from the distributed temperature sensor; represents the energy efficiency coefficient of the j-th level heat source, which comes from the heat source characteristics database; It represents the heat supply of the j-th heat source, which comes from the heat metering device; δ represents the volume conversion coefficient; V represents the effective volume of the drying equipment; The volatility coefficient of the kth type of pollutant is derived from laboratory measurement data; It represents the initial content of the kth type of pollutant; ζ represents the pressure influencing factor; P represents the system working pressure, which comes from the pressure transmitter.

[0040] In a possible implementation, a purification effect evaluation module is further included; the purification effect evaluation module calculates the comprehensive purification efficiency of the system based on the pollutant removal rate, and the calculation formula is:

[0041] in, Indicates the comprehensive purification efficiency value, represents the environmental weight coefficient of the xth pollutant, which comes from the environmental protection standard database; C x represents the measured concentration of the xth pollutant, which comes from the online monitoring instrument; ν represents the flow correction parameter; Q represents the actual flue gas flow, which comes from the flow meter; represents the migration activity coefficient of the sth heavy metal, which comes from the element property database; represents the removal rate of the sth heavy metal; π represents the equipment performance coefficient; R represents the adsorbent regeneration efficiency, which is derived from the regeneration system operation data; It represents the toxicity equivalent factor of the uth type organic pollutant; It represents the residual concentration of the uth type of organic pollutant; τ represents the time decay parameter; S represents the residence time of the flue gas in the purification system, which comes from the residence time calculator.

[0042] In a possible implementation, the multi-fuel incineration unit further includes a secondary combustion chamber; the secondary combustion chamber is arranged at the outlet end of the rotary kiln, and a porous medium burner and a swirl air distribution system are provided inside the secondary combustion chamber.

[0043] In one possible implementation, a nitrogen protection chamber is provided between the sludge drying unit and the crushing and screening unit; the chamber body of the nitrogen protection chamber is equipped with an oxygen content monitor and an automatic nitrogen replenishing device to maintain the oxygen concentration in the chamber ≤3%.

[0044] In one possible implementation, a flue gas reheating device is provided at the end of the flue gas purification unit; the flue gas reheating device utilizes the waste heat of the exhaust gas from the incineration unit to heat the purified flue gas to a temperature 20-30°C above the dew point before discharging it.

[0045] The embodiments of this specification provide a sludge drying and incineration treatment system, wherein the sludge drying and incineration treatment system includes: a sludge drying unit reduces the moisture content of the sludge through heat exchange, and transports the treated sludge to a crushing and screening unit; the crushing and screening unit crushes the sludge into a preset particle size range and then quantitatively transports it to a multi-fuel incineration unit; the multi-fuel incineration unit dynamically adjusts the fuel combination and combustion-supporting parameters according to the combustion conditions, and introduces the generated flue gas into a flue gas purification unit; the flue gas purification unit purifies the flue gas through a multi-stage treatment process and then discharges it. Through modular design and intelligent control strategies, the system achieves efficient energy utilization and deep purification of pollutants. The heat recovery mechanism of the drying unit greatly reduces the processing energy consumption, the multi-fuel adaptation function of the incineration unit improves the operational stability, and the cascade treatment process of the flue gas purification unit ensures that the emission indicators are better than the standards.

[0046] It should be noted that for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity of description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the embodiments of this specification are not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to the embodiments of this specification, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in this specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the embodiments of this specification.

[0047] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0048] The preferred embodiments disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate this specification. The optional embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of the embodiments of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the embodiments of this specification, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and utilize this specification. This specification is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A sludge drying and incineration treatment system, characterized in that: It includes sludge drying unit, crushing and screening unit, multi-fuel incineration unit and flue gas purification unit; The sludge drying unit reduces the moisture content of the sludge through heat exchange and transports the treated sludge to the crushing and screening unit; The crushing and screening unit crushes the sludge into a preset particle size range and then quantitatively transports it to the multi-fuel incineration unit; The multi-fuel incineration unit dynamically adjusts the fuel combination and combustion-supporting parameters according to the combustion conditions, and introduces the generated flue gas into the flue gas purification unit; The flue gas purification unit purifies the flue gas through a multi-stage treatment process and then discharges it.

2. The sludge drying and incineration treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sludge drying unit comprises a thin layer flash dryer and a convection crushing drying tower arranged in series; The thin layer flash dryer uses the waste heat of incineration flue gas to reduce the sludge moisture content from 80% to 45% within 10-15 seconds; The convection crushing drying tower uses built-in rotating blades to synchronously crush the sludge during the drying process; Also includes: The sludge component analyzer detects sludge components online and generates the mass ratio of each component; The heat source characteristic database stores the energy efficiency parameters of each level of heat sources; The drying medium temperature is collected in real time through distributed temperature sensors; The heat metering device records the actual heat supply of each level of heat source; Laboratory measurement devices regularly update pollutant volatility data; The pressure transmitter monitors the system operating pressure.

3. The sludge drying and incineration treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The crushing and screening unit includes a hammer crusher and a three-stage vibrating screen; The particle size of the hammer crusher discharge is controlled to be below 10 mm; The three-stage vibrating screening machine divides the materials into three grades: >5mm, 2-5mm and <2mm and stores them separately.

4. The sludge drying and incineration treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The multi-fuel incineration unit adopts a three-chamber rotary kiln structure, which includes a high-temperature combustion chamber, a medium-temperature cracking chamber and a low-temperature carbonization chamber arranged from the inside to the outside. Each chamber is equipped with an independent fuel injection system and temperature control system; The environmental standards database stores the limit requirements for various pollutants; The online monitor detects the concentration of pollutants in the flue gas in real time; The element property database records the heavy metal migration activity parameters; The adsorbent regeneration system outputs regeneration efficiency data; the toxicity equivalent factor table stores the environmental toxicity parameters of organic pollutants.

5. The sludge drying and incineration treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flue gas purification unit includes a quenching and poison suppression device, a composite adsorption reactor and an ozone oxidation denitrification tower; The composite adsorption reactor is filled with heavy metal capture agent, dioxin adsorbent and acid gas neutralizer in layers; The flow meter measures the flue gas volume flow in real time; The residence time calculator calculates the flue gas residence time based on the purification unit volume and flow data.

6. The sludge drying and incineration treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a drying process optimization calculation module; The drying process optimization calculation module calculates the optimal drying parameters based on sludge characteristics and heat source parameters. The calculation formula is: in, represents the drying efficiency coefficient, represents the drying characteristic coefficient of the i-th sludge component; represents the mass proportion of the i-th component; β represents the heat conduction correction factor; T represents the drying medium temperature; represents the energy efficiency coefficient of the j-th level heat source; represents the heat supply of the j-th level heat source; δ represents the volume conversion coefficient; V represents the effective volume of the drying equipment; represents the volatility coefficient of the kth type of pollutant; represents the initial content of the kth type of pollutant; ζ represents the pressure influencing factor; P represents the system working pressure.

7. The sludge drying and incineration treatment system according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a purification effect evaluation module; The purification effect evaluation module calculates the comprehensive purification efficiency of the system based on the pollutant removal rate. The calculation formula is: in, Indicates the comprehensive purification efficiency value, represents the environmental weight coefficient of the xth pollutant; C x represents the measured concentration of the xth pollutant; ν represents the flow correction parameter; Q represents the actual flue gas flow; represents the migration activity coefficient of the sth heavy metal; represents the removal rate of the sth heavy metal; π represents the equipment performance coefficient; R represents the adsorbent regeneration efficiency; It represents the toxicity equivalent factor of the uth type organic pollutant; represents the residual concentration of the uth type of organic pollutant; τ represents the time decay parameter; S represents the residence time of the flue gas in the purification system.

8. The sludge drying and incineration treatment system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The multi-fuel incineration unit further comprises a secondary combustion chamber; The secondary combustion chamber is arranged at the outlet end of the rotary kiln, and a porous medium burner and a swirl air distribution system are arranged inside.

9. The sludge drying and incineration treatment system according to claim 8, characterized in that: A nitrogen protection chamber is provided between the sludge drying unit and the crushing and screening unit; The nitrogen protection chamber is equipped with an oxygen content monitor and an automatic nitrogen replenishing device to maintain the oxygen concentration in the chamber ≤3%.

10. The sludge drying and incineration treatment system according to claim 9, characterized in that: A flue gas reheating device is provided at the end of the flue gas purification unit; The flue gas reheating device utilizes the waste heat of the exhaust gas from the incineration unit to heat the purified flue gas to a temperature 20-30°C above the dew point before discharging it.

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