Deep waste heat recovery and carbon neutralization system for flue gas of small gas boiler room of automobile factory

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep waste heat recovery and carbon neutralization system for flue gas of a small gas boiler room of an automobile factory, which comprises a heat recovery subsystem and a filtering, compressing and purifying subsystem which are connected with each other, the heat recovery subsystem comprises a heat pipe waste heat recoverer, a hot water circulating pump, an electric three-way regulating valve, a low-temperature water supply pipe, an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline; a gas inlet and a gas outlet of the heat pipe waste heat recoverer are both connected with a flue; the system can reduce energy waste, improve the comprehensive utilization rate of energy, reduce the overall energy consumption of an automobile factory, effectively reduce the emission of carbon dioxide in boiler flue gas, contribute to reducing the carbon emission of the automobile factory, meet the goal of carbon neutralization, have positive significance on environmental protection, and are worthy of popularization and application. And enterprises can deal with increasingly strict environmental protection regulations and policy requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy-saving and environmental protection technology, and in particular to a deep waste heat recovery and carbon neutralization system for flue gas from a small gas boiler room in an automobile factory. Background Art

[0002] This patent aims to target small gas boiler rooms, reduce energy waste through deep waste heat recovery of flue gas, and reduce carbon dioxide emissions in boiler flue gas through carbon capture, thereby achieving the goal of carbon neutrality.

[0003] Boiler rooms in automobile factories are primarily used to generate hot water for process applications. These boilers are typically condensing, low-nitrogen gas-fired hot water boilers. The rated thermal power of a single boiler is typically no more than 7,000 kW, and the total thermal load is no more than 14,000 kW.

[0004] The boiler fuel is natural gas, the main component of which is alkanes, of which methane accounts for the majority. After the natural gas is burned and heat-exchanged in the boiler, it is discharged into the atmosphere through the boiler chimney in the form of flue gas at about 80°C. The main reaction formula for the complete combustion of natural gas under ignition conditions is as follows

[0005] CH4+2O2=CO2+2H2O:

[0006] Methane + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water vapor

[0007] The boiler combustion and heat exchange process described above does not achieve carbon reduction or zero carbon emissions, and the emission of 80°C flue gas represents significant energy waste. Given the current dual-carbon policy, deep heat recovery and carbon recycling are necessary to achieve energy conservation, consumption reduction, and carbon neutrality. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a deep waste heat recovery and carbon neutralization system for the flue gas in a small gas boiler room of an automobile factory to solve the problem.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] A deep waste heat recovery and carbon neutralization system for the flue gas of a small gas boiler room in an automobile factory, comprising a heat recovery subsystem and a filtration, compression and purification subsystem connected to each other; the heat recovery subsystem comprises a heat pipe waste heat recovery device, a hot water circulation pump, an electric three-way regulating valve, a low-temperature water supply pipe, an inlet pipe, and an outlet pipe; the air inlet and the air outlet of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device are both connected to a flue; the water inlet of the electric three-way regulating valve is connected to the low-temperature water supply pipe, one water outlet of the electric three-way regulating valve is connected to the inlet pipe, and the other water outlet of the electric three-way regulating valve is connected to the water supply pipe; the outlet of the hot water circulation pump is connected to the water supply pipe A first pipe is connected between them; the inlet pipe is connected to the water inlet of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device; the outlet pipe is connected to the water outlet of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device, and the other end of the outlet pipe is connected to the water inlet of the hot water circulation pump; the filtration, compression and purification subsystem includes a flue gas filter, a compressor, and a pressure swing adsorber; the air inlet of the flue gas filter is connected to the flue located at the air outlet of the hot water circulation pump; a second pipe is connected between the air outlet of the flue gas filter and the air inlet of the compressor; a third pipe is connected between the air outlet of the compressor and the air inlet of the pressure swing adsorber; and the air outlet of the pressure swing adsorber is provided with a fourth pipe.

[0011] It is further configured as follows: it also includes a centralized control subsystem, which includes a centralized control host, a pressure transmitter, a pressure gauge, a temperature sensor and a thermometer; pressure transmitters, pressure gauges, temperature sensors and thermometers are provided at the lower half of the two flues and the water supply pipeline; pressure gauges, temperature sensors and thermometers are provided on the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe; and pressure transmitters and pressure gauges are provided on the second pipe, the third pipe and the fourth pipe.

[0012] It is further configured that: a first automatic exhaust valve, a second automatic exhaust valve and a safety valve are provided on the shell of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device.

[0013] It is further configured that: an automatic drain valve is provided at the lower part of the smoke filter housing.

[0014] It is further configured that: the opening of the electric three-way regulating valve is controlled by a temperature sensor located on the flue at the air outlet of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device.

[0015] It is further configured as follows: the shell material of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device is stainless steel or carbon steel, and an insulation layer is provided on the outside; the heat pipe of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device is composed of a copper alloy shell and a heat-conducting medium injected inside, and is sealed after vacuuming.

[0016] It is further configured as follows: the flue gas filter is a condensation filter, the internal filter material is made of high-efficiency borosilicate glass nanofiber, and the external shell is made of stainless steel.

[0017] It is further configured that: the rotor of the compressor is made of stainless steel, and the shell is made of carbon steel.

[0018] It is further configured as follows: the pressure swing adsorber adopts a double-tower structure, with a vacuum pump group and an automatic control microcomputer; the double towers and the vacuum pump are both made of stainless steel.

[0019] It is further configured that: the hot water circulation pump is made of cast iron or stainless steel.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. This invention uses a heat pipe waste heat recovery device to fully exchange heat between high-temperature flue gas discharged from the boiler and water, effectively recovering a large amount of waste heat from the flue gas and heating the low-temperature supply water into usable hot water. This reduces energy waste, lowers the overall energy consumption of the automobile factory, and saves energy costs.

[0022] 2. This invention separates and purifies carbon dioxide from flue gas through the flue gas filter, compressor, and pressure swing adsorber in the filtration, compression, and purification subsystem. This effectively reduces carbon dioxide emissions from boiler flue gas, helping automakers reduce carbon emissions and meet the goal of carbon neutrality.

[0023] 3. This invention is equipped with a centralized control subsystem that enables remote centralized control and real-time monitoring of system operation through a centralized control host and various sensors. It can automatically adjust equipment operating parameters, such as the opening of the electric three-way regulating valve, based on the flue gas temperature, ensuring stable and efficient system operation.

[0024] 4. In the present invention, the shell of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device is made of stainless steel or carbon steel, and an insulation layer is provided on the outside. The heat pipe is composed of a copper alloy shell and a heat-conducting medium injected inside. It is sealed after vacuuming and has good thermal conductivity and durability. The flue gas filter adopts a condensing filter, and the internal filter material is high-efficiency borosilicate glass nanofiber, which can effectively filter moisture and dust in the flue gas. The shell is made of stainless steel and has strong corrosion resistance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure numerals: 1. Heat pipe waste heat recovery device; 2. Hot water circulation pump; 3. Electric three-way regulating valve; 4. Low-temperature water supply pipe; 5. Inlet pipe; 6. Outlet pipe; 7. Flue; 8. Water supply pipe; 9. First pipe; 10. Flue gas filter; 11. Compressor; 12. Pressure swing adsorber; 13. Second pipe; 14. Third pipe; 15. Centralized control host; 16. Pressure transmitter; 17. Pressure gauge; 18. Temperature sensor; 19. Thermometer; 20. Fourth pipe; 21. First automatic exhaust valve; 22. Second automatic exhaust valve; 23. Safety valve; 24. Automatic drain valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0031] Example

[0032] Reference Figure 1 , which is a deep waste heat recovery and carbon neutralization system for flue gas from a small gas boiler room in an automobile factory disclosed in the present invention, including a heat recovery subsystem, a filtration, compression and purification subsystem, and a centralized control subsystem;

[0033] Among them, the heat recovery subsystem includes a heat pipe waste heat recovery device 1, a hot water circulation pump 2, an electric three-way regulating valve 3, a low-temperature water supply pipe 84, an inlet pipe 5, and an outlet pipe 6. The air inlet and the air outlet of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device 1 are both connected to a flue 7, the water inlet of the electric three-way regulating valve 3 is connected to the low-temperature water supply pipe 84, one water outlet of the electric three-way regulating valve 3 is connected to the inlet pipe 5, and the other water outlet of the electric three-way regulating valve 3 is connected to the water supply pipe 8. A first pipe 9 is connected between the outlet of the hot water circulation pump 2 and the water supply pipe 8, the inlet pipe 5 is connected to the water inlet of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device 1, the outlet pipe 6 is connected to the water outlet of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device 1, and the other end of the outlet pipe 6 is connected to the water inlet of the hot water circulation pump 2;

[0034] The filtration, compression and purification subsystem includes a flue gas filter 10, a compressor 11, and a pressure swing adsorber 12, wherein the air inlet of the flue gas filter 10 is connected to the flue 7 at the air outlet of the hot water circulation pump 2, a second pipe 13 is connected between the air outlet of the flue gas filter 10 and the air inlet of the compressor 11, a third pipe 14 is connected between the air outlet of the compressor 11 and the air inlet of the pressure swing adsorber 12, and a fourth pipe 20 is provided at the air outlet of the pressure swing adsorber 12;

[0035] The centralized control subsystem includes a centralized control host 15, a pressure transmitter 16, a pressure gauge 17, a temperature sensor 18, and a thermometer 19. The pressure transmitter 16, the pressure gauge 17, the temperature sensor 18, and the thermometer 19 are installed at the lower half of the two flues 7 and the water supply pipe 8; the pressure gauge 17, the temperature sensor 18, and the thermometer 19 are installed on the inlet pipe 5 and the outlet pipe 6; and the pressure transmitter 16 and the pressure gauge 17 are installed on the second pipe 13, the third pipe 14, and the fourth pipe 20.

[0036] The shell of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device 1 is provided with a first automatic exhaust valve 21, a second automatic exhaust valve 22, and a safety valve 23; the lower part of the shell of the smoke filter 10 is provided with an automatic drain valve 24;

[0037] In this embodiment, the opening of the electric three-way regulating valve 3 is controlled by a temperature sensor 18 located on the flue 7 at the air outlet of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device 1 .

[0038] The pressure transmitter 16 and pressure gauge 17 are provided before and after the flue gas filter 10 to compare the pressure values before and after to determine whether the flue gas filter 10 is clogged and to remind you to clean or replace the filter element. The automatic drain valve 24 installed on it can automatically drain the water adsorbed and collected therein to prevent equipment failure.

[0039] The pressure transmitter 16 and pressure gauge 17 are installed on the pipe sections before and after the compressor 11 and the pressure swing adsorber 12 (including the second pipe 13, the third pipe 14 and the fourth pipe 20), which can monitor the flue gas and carbon dioxide pressure in real time;

[0040] In this embodiment, the first automatic exhaust valve 21, the second automatic exhaust valve 22, and the safety valve 23 are used to prevent the heat pipe waste heat recovery device 1 from operating at overpressure and automatically discharge internal gas to eliminate air blockage.

[0041] The hot water circulation pump 2 can be frequency-controlled according to the change of the hot water pressure at the end to save energy. The equipment, temperature signal and pressure signal in the present invention are all connected to the centralized control host 15, which can realize remote centralized control.

[0042] In this embodiment, the shell of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device 1 is made of stainless steel or carbon steel, and a centrifugal glass wool insulation layer is set on the outside. The heat pipe is made of a copper alloy shell and the inside is filled with a heat-conducting medium with extraordinary thermal activity and thermal sensitivity (such as acetone, ammonia, alcohol, etc.), and the heat is drawn into 10 -3 ~10 -6 It is sealed after vacuum packaging.

[0043] The flue gas filter 10 is a condensation filter, the internal filter material is made of high-efficiency borosilicate glass nanofiber, and the external shell is made of stainless steel.

[0044] The rotor of the compressor 11 is made of stainless steel, and the housing can be made of carbon steel.

[0045] The pressure swing adsorber 12 utilizes a twin-tower structure, equipped with its own vacuum pump and automated microcomputer. It sequentially undergoes adsorption, pressure equalization, vacuum pumping, and pressure equalization at various times. Both the twin towers and the vacuum pump are constructed of stainless steel, a standard technique in the art. Therefore, its operating principle and internal structure will not be detailed here.

[0046] The hot water circulation pump 2 is made of a cast iron pump or a stainless steel water pump.

[0047] The present invention is applicable to small gas boiler room systems in automobile factories. It should be noted that generally, gas boiler rooms with a single boiler rated thermal power of no more than kW and a total heat load of no more than kW are also applicable to the present invention.

[0048] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0049] The flue gas discharged from the boiler enters the heat pipe waste heat recovery device 1 for air-water heat exchange after the pressure and temperature are detected by the pressure transmitter 16 and the temperature sensor 18 in the flue 7. After the flue gas has been cooled by the heat pipe waste heat recovery device 1, the pressure and temperature of the flue gas are detected again in the flue 7. The flue gas enters the flue gas filter 10 to filter out moisture and dust. The flue gas then enters the compressor 11 for pressurization. After being pressurized to an appropriate pressure, it enters the pressure swing adsorber 12. The pressure swing adsorber 12 separates and purifies the carbon dioxide in the flue gas, and the rest is discharged as exhaust gas.

[0050] During this process, the low-temperature water supply flows through the low-temperature water supply pipe 84 through the electric three-way regulating valve 3. The temperature sensor 18 located on the flue 7 at the air outlet of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device 1 adjusts the opening and closing degree of the electric three-way regulating valve 3 according to the flue gas temperature detected by the heat pipe waste heat recovery device 1, and then adjusts the water supply flow rate, so that part of the water supply is supplied to the heat pipe waste heat recovery device 1, and part flows through the water supply pipe 8 and merges with the circulating water flowing out of the hot water circulation pump 2 through the first pipe 9, so that the mixed water supply reaches the set temperature and is supplied to the required hot water unit.

[0051] The present invention utilizes the heat pipe waste heat recovery device 1 to perform sufficient gas-water heat exchange on the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the boiler, which can effectively recover a large amount of waste heat in the flue gas, heat the low-temperature supply water into usable hot water, reduce energy waste, improve the comprehensive energy utilization rate, reduce the overall energy consumption of the automobile factory, save energy costs, and separate and purify the carbon dioxide in the flue gas through the flue gas filter 10, compressor 11 and pressure swing adsorber 12 in the filtering, compression and purification subsystem, effectively reducing the carbon dioxide emissions in the boiler flue gas, helping automobile factories to reduce carbon emissions, meeting the goal of carbon neutrality, and having positive significance for environmental protection. It is also beneficial for enterprises to cope with increasingly stringent environmental protection laws and policy requirements.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep waste heat recovery and carbon neutralization system for flue gas from a small gas boiler room in an automobile factory, characterized by: The invention comprises a heat recovery subsystem and a filtration, compression and purification subsystem connected to each other; the heat recovery subsystem comprises a heat pipe waste heat recovery device (1), a hot water circulation pump (2), an electric three-way regulating valve (3), a low-temperature water supply pipe (8) (4), an inlet pipe (5), and an outlet pipe (6); the air inlet and the air outlet of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device (1) are both connected to a flue (7); the water inlet of the electric three-way regulating valve (3) is connected to the low-temperature water supply pipe (8) (4), one water outlet of the electric three-way regulating valve (3) is connected to the inlet pipe (5), and the other water outlet of the electric three-way regulating valve (3) is connected to the water supply pipe (8); a first pipe (9) is connected between the outlet of the hot water circulation pump (2) and the water supply pipe (8); the inlet pipe (5) is connected to the heat pipe The exhaust pipe (6) is connected to the water inlet of the heat pipe exhaust pipe (1); the outlet pipe (6) is connected to the water outlet of the heat pipe exhaust pipe (1), and the other end of the outlet pipe (6) is connected to the water inlet of the hot water circulation pump (2); the filtering, compressing and purifying subsystem comprises a flue gas filter (10), a compressor (11), and a pressure swing adsorber (12); the air inlet of the flue gas filter (10) is connected to the flue (7) located at the air outlet of the hot water circulation pump (2); a second pipe (13) is connected between the air outlet of the flue gas filter (10) and the air inlet of the compressor (11); a third pipe (14) is connected between the air outlet of the compressor (11) and the air inlet of the pressure swing adsorber (12); and a fourth pipe (20) is provided at the air outlet of the pressure swing adsorber (12).

2. The deep waste heat recovery and carbon neutralization system for flue gas from a small gas boiler room in an automobile factory according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The invention also includes a centralized control subsystem, which includes a centralized control host (15), a pressure transmitter (16), a pressure gauge (17), a temperature sensor (18) and a thermometer (19); the two flues (7) and the lower half of the water supply pipe (8) are each provided with a pressure transmitter (16), a pressure gauge (17), a temperature sensor (18) and a thermometer (19); the inlet pipe (5) and the outlet pipe (6) are each provided with a pressure gauge (17), a temperature sensor (18) and a thermometer (19); the second pipe (13), the third pipe (14) and the fourth pipe (20) are each provided with a pressure transmitter (16) and a pressure gauge (17).

3. The deep waste heat recovery and carbon neutralization system for flue gas from a small gas boiler room in an automobile factory according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first automatic exhaust valve (21), a second automatic exhaust valve (22) and a safety valve (23) are provided on the shell of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device (1).

4. The deep waste heat recovery and carbon neutralization system for flue gas from a small gas boiler room in an automobile factory according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An automatic drain valve (24) is provided at the lower portion of the smoke filter (10) housing.

5. The deep waste heat recovery and carbon neutralization system for flue gas from a small gas boiler room in an automobile factory according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The opening degree of the electric three-way regulating valve (3) is controlled by a temperature sensor (18) located on the flue (7) at the air outlet of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device (1).

6. The deep waste heat recovery and carbon neutralization system for flue gas from a small gas boiler room in an automobile factory according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shell of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device (1) is made of stainless steel or carbon steel, and an insulation layer is provided on the outside; the heat pipe of the heat pipe waste heat recovery device (1) is composed of a copper alloy shell and a heat-conducting medium injected inside, and is sealed after vacuuming.

7. The deep waste heat recovery and carbon neutralization system for flue gas from a small gas boiler room in an automobile factory according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flue gas filter (10) is a condensation filter, the internal filter material is made of high-efficiency borosilicate glass nanofiber, and the external shell is made of stainless steel.

8. The deep waste heat recovery and carbon neutralization system for flue gas from a small gas boiler room in an automobile factory according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rotor of the compressor (11) is made of stainless steel, and the shell is made of carbon steel.

9. The deep waste heat recovery and carbon neutralization system for flue gas from a small gas boiler room in an automobile factory according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pressure swing adsorber (12) adopts a double-tower structure and is equipped with a vacuum pump unit and an automatic control microcomputer; the double towers and the vacuum pump are both made of stainless steel.

10. The deep waste heat recovery and carbon neutralization system for flue gas from a small gas boiler room in an automobile factory according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hot water circulation pump (2) is made of cast iron or stainless steel.

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