Intelligent Control System and Method for Building Area Air Temperature Based on Multi-Information Fusion

Abstract

This invention discloses an intelligent air temperature control system and method for building areas based on multi-information fusion. The method includes: hydraulically balancing the cooling / heating flow rates of each building area; determining whether online multi-point measured temperatures can be collected for each building area; comparing the air temperature control range, multi-point measured temperatures, and weighted values ​​of the multi-point measured temperatures under the current cooling / heating demand mode to complete online air temperature control for each building area under the current cooling / heating demand mode; and comparing the measured return water temperature of the cooling / heating pipes with the cooling / heating pipe return water temperature control range under the current cooling / heating demand mode to complete offline air temperature control for each building area under the current cooling / heating demand mode. This invention helps improve the air temperature uniformity of large spaces within a building area, avoiding localized overheating or undercooling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of combined refrigeration and heating systems and their air conditioning, specifically to an intelligent control system and method for building area air temperature based on multi-information fusion. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion of urbanization, the prevalence of tall, spacious buildings, especially large public buildings such as government offices, exhibition halls, and stadiums, is constantly increasing. In most cities, regulating the air temperature in buildings is necessary to ensure the comfort and work efficiency of residents. However, public buildings have large spaces, and centralized cooling and heating systems provide chilled and hot water, which is then transported to the building area through heat exchange stations and pipelines. Precise temperature control within the building area is challenging, and uneven temperature distribution across different floors can easily occur, affecting user comfort. Air temperature regulation is an energy-consuming process; temperature control equipment requires energy input to compensate for the heat transfer due to the indoor-outdoor temperature difference, maintaining the indoor air temperature at the required level. Due to the large indoor-outdoor temperature difference in summer and winter, the carbon equivalent generated by air temperature regulation during summer cooling and winter heating periods is the highest, exceeding 60%. Therefore, it is necessary to dynamically adjust the air temperature in building areas to better achieve on-demand temperature control, which relies on information technology to develop advanced air temperature control systems and methods. For building areas that do not operate 24 hours a day, how to eliminate the impact of building thermal inertia on air temperature control, achieve air temperature classification mode control during working hours and non-working hours, and make accurate and error-free switching between different modes, so as not to affect the air temperature comfort during working hours and save the energy consumption for air temperature control during non-working hours, is a technical development challenge that needs to be overcome in the field of combined refrigeration and heating systems and air conditioning.

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical challenges, existing air conditioning systems typically employ the method of placing air temperature sensors in the supply and return air ducts or within the room. The energy input is dynamically adjusted based on the difference between the measured air temperature and the target temperature range, ensuring the air temperature reaches the target range. A search and analysis of relevant patent technologies is as follows.

[0004] Existing Chinese patent document (CN119196885A) proposes obtaining indoor airflow simulation data through building area structural design data, coupled with real-time pedestrian flow monitoring data for supplementary indoor temperature circulation regulation, enabling building area temperature control to adjust according to changes in pedestrian density and external climate. This method considers the influence of pedestrian density within the building area, aiming for variable vent angle design; however, it requires real-time pedestrian flow monitoring data and distribution information, which is extremely difficult to obtain in real-time. The patent does not explicitly state how to obtain this data and does not consider temperature control modes under different operating conditions. Chinese patent document (CN119063207A) proposes an automated indoor temperature control method based on airflow analysis, which only considers airflow within the area, neglecting the influence of building thermal inertia and the mixing and heat exchange of airflows at different temperatures between areas during temperature regulation, making it prone to temperature overshoot and instability. For multi-zone temperature control systems, with a large number of temperature sensors, emergency methods for controlling offline temperature sensor conditions are not provided, easily leading to control malfunctions. Chinese patent document (CN105333537A) proposes a technology from the perspective of air circulation, including a main air conditioning system and several circulating air conditioning subsystems connected to the main system. This technology targets the supply air temperature but does not consider the air temperature value and its uniformity in room temperature distribution during regulation. Another example is Chinese patent document (CN113741312A), which proposes an edge computing building area air conditioning data acquisition and control system. This system collects air conditioning and related monitoring data (gas temperature, humidity, fluid state, harmful gas content, etc.) within a smart building area and transmits it to an edge computing main control subsystem for comprehensive processing and analysis. This technology utilizes an intelligent data acquisition and control system and collects various types of sensor information, but it does not mention how to analyze and utilize this information to generate control commands, nor does it provide specific control processes and algorithms.

[0005] Therefore, the following problems can be summarized in the air temperature control technology in related fields:

[0006] 1) The established temperature control system generally only uses the measured temperature as the basis for control, without taking into account the working condition where the temperature sensor is offline and cannot be controlled. For a system with many sensors, if many sensors are offline, the entire temperature control system cannot operate normally and it is difficult to meet the temperature control requirements.

[0007] 2) The established temperature control system generally uses the arithmetic mean of a single temperature sensor or several temperature sensors as the control target. However, for large open areas of buildings, the algorithmic average of temperature cannot scientifically represent the actual temperature distribution and it is difficult to ensure the temperature uniformity within the temperature control area. Using this as the control target results in inaccurate temperature control.

[0008] 3) The established temperature control system generally uses negative feedback PID control logic to control the temperature control device. Although it is precise, the adjustment time is long. Especially for building areas that use heat exchangers and natural air convection for heat exchange, the room temperature changes very slowly, and a single PID control logic is not suitable.

[0009] 4) Most of the proposed temperature control algorithms take into account the air circulation characteristics within the area, but they do not consider the thermal inertia of buildings when controlling the temperature, which can easily lead to temperature overshoot and instability. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The existing technologies that use building areas as control units still suffer from problems such as unstable wireless temperature measurement signals, inaccurate temperature control, long temperature control time, high cost, and unstable operation. The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent control system and method for building area air temperature based on multi-information fusion, so as to achieve precise temperature control of the combined cooling and heating system and reduce temperature imbalance and heat and cold consumption.

[0011] The objective of this invention is achieved by at least one of the following technical solutions.

[0012] The intelligent control method for air temperature in building areas based on multi-information fusion includes the following steps:

[0013] S1. Start the combined cooling and heating system and the heat exchange stations in each building area. Based on the cooling or heating needs of each building area, switch the on / off state of the electric valves in the connecting pipes between the cooling cycle unit and heating cycle unit of the combined cooling and heating system and the heat exchange stations in each building area to provide the cold water required for cooling or the hot water required for heating to each building area.

[0014] S2. Iteratively compare the design flow rate and the measured flow rate of the cooling / heating pipes in each building area to complete the hydraulic balance adjustment of the cooling / heating flow rate in each building area.

[0015] S3. Determine whether the indoor air temperature sensors installed in different floors of each building area can be used to collect the measured indoor temperature at multiple points in each building area online. If yes, proceed to step S4; otherwise, proceed to step S5.

[0016] S4. Compare the air temperature control range, indoor multi-point measured temperature, and indoor multi-point measured temperature weighted value under the current cooling / heating demand mode, and adjust the opening of the electric valve on the return water pipe of the cooling / heating pipe in each building area to complete the online air temperature control of each building area under the current cooling / heating demand mode; return to step S3.

[0017] S5. Compare the measured return water temperature of the cooling / heating pipes with the temperature control range of the return water temperature of the cooling / heating pipes under the current cooling / heating demand mode, adjust the opening degree of the electric valves on the return water pipes of the cooling / heating pipes in each building area, and complete the offline air temperature control of each building area under the current cooling / heating demand mode; return to step S3.

[0018] Furthermore, step S1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0019] S1.1 Based on the usage function of each building area, determine whether the air temperature regulation requirement of each building area connected to the combined cooling and heating system is cooling or heating on the same day;

[0020] S1.2 If the temperature regulation requirement of a building area is cooling, the electric valve in the connecting pipe between the heat exchange station and the refrigeration cycle unit of the building area is opened, and the electric valve in the connecting pipe between the heat exchange station and the heating cycle unit is closed.

[0021] S1.3 If the temperature regulation requirement of a building area is heating, the electric valve in the connecting pipe between the heat exchange station and the heating cycle unit of the building area is opened, and the electric valve in the connecting pipe between the heat exchange station and the refrigeration cycle unit is closed.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S2,

[0023] S2.1 Calculate the relative flow ratio of each building area based on the design flow rate of the cooling / heating pipes in each building area;

[0024] S2.2. Based on the pipe length between each building area and the hot and cold water circulation pumps in the heat exchange station, divide all building areas connected by the secondary pipe network of the heat exchange station into different zones.

[0025] S2.3 Starting with the hot and cold water circulation pumps in the heat exchange station, adjust the relative flow ratio of each building area in sequence according to the distance between each building area and the heat exchange station, from near to far, based on the divided intervals.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S4, during the online air temperature control process of each building area under the current cooling / heating demand mode, when adjusting the opening of the electric valve, it is divided into an indoor temperature increase mode and an indoor temperature decrease mode. When the weighted value of the measured temperature at multiple indoor points t... nq Air temperature control range lower than the minimum limit T of the cooling / heating demand mode ns,l When the indoor temperature is adjusted upwards, the weighted average of the measured temperatures at multiple points indoors will be adjusted upwards. nq Air temperature control range T above the upper limit of the cooling / heating demand mode ns,hWhen the indoor temperature is lowered, the electric valve adopts a control rule that combines PID and On-Off control.

[0027] Furthermore, the cooling demand modes include standard cooling mode, medium-temperature cooling mode, transitional cooling mode, and high-temperature cooling mode; the heating demand modes include standard heating mode, medium-temperature heating mode, transitional heating mode, and low-temperature heating mode; the online air temperature control process includes a heating phase and a cooling phase. The heating phase involves switching from a cooling / heating demand mode with a lower air temperature control range to a cooling / heating demand mode with a higher air temperature control range, and the cooling phase involves switching from a cooling / heating mode with a higher air temperature control range to a cooling / heating mode with a lower air temperature control range.

[0028] Furthermore, in step S4, during the online air temperature control process of each building area under the current cooling / heating demand mode, air temperature prediction calculation is performed based on the indoor air temperature prediction calculation model to determine whether the current cooling / heating demand mode should be switched to other cooling / heating demand modes in advance, including the following steps:

[0029] S4.1 Based on the measured outdoor air temperature, measured indoor temperature at multiple points, measured water supply temperature of cooling / heating pipes, measured water return temperature of heating pipes, and measured flow rate of cooling / heating pipes for each building, calculate the equivalent specific heat capacity of room temperature for each building area in real time, and establish a prediction calculation model for indoor air temperature for each building area.

[0030] S4.2. Using the weighted average of measured indoor temperatures at multiple points as the initial temperature, and based on the indoor air temperature prediction calculation model for each building area, calculate the change in indoor air temperature over time for each building area. Determine whether the required time for each building area to heat up or cool down to the air temperature control range corresponding to the next cooling / heating demand mode meets the requirements. If the time meets the requirements, switch to the cooling / heating demand mode. If the time does not meet the requirements, maintain the operation of the current cooling / heating demand mode and return to step S3.

[0031] Furthermore, in step S4.1, an indoor air temperature prediction and calculation model is established for each building to predict and calculate the indoor temperature t. nc The specific trend of change over time T is as follows:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, M I t′ is the equivalent specific heat capacity of the building area at room temperature. p Q′ is the arithmetic mean of the supply and return water design values ​​for the cooling / heating pipes in the building area. s Design the heating and cooling loads for the building area, Q sThe measured heating and cooling load of the building area is given by 'b', where 'b' is the heat transfer index of the surface cooler or radiator, and 't' is the heat transfer index of the surface cooler or radiator. nq The weighted average of multiple measured indoor temperatures, t′ n Design temperature for indoor air.

[0034] Furthermore, in step S4, when the current cooling demand mode of the building area is the standard cooling mode, the online air temperature control is as follows:

[0035] If the number of indoor air temperature sensors that exceed the upper limit of the air temperature control range in standard cooling mode exceeds or equals the set number, when the highest value among the multiple measured temperatures in the room is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve will be increased until the highest value among the multiple measured temperatures in the room is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, and then the opening of the electric valve will be decreased.

[0036] If the number of indoor air temperature sensors below the upper limit of the air temperature control range in standard cooling mode is less than the set number, when the weighted value of the measured temperature at multiple points in the room is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve will be increased until the weighted value of the measured temperature at multiple points in the room is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, at which point the opening of the electric valve will be decreased.

[0037] Furthermore, in step S4, when the current cooling demand mode of the building area is medium-temperature cooling mode, the online air temperature control is as follows:

[0038] If the number of indoor air temperature sensors that exceed the upper limit of the air temperature control range in the medium-temperature cooling mode exceeds or equals the set number, when the highest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve will be increased until the highest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, and then the opening of the electric valve will be decreased.

[0039] If the number of indoor air temperature sensors below the upper limit of the air temperature control range in the medium-temperature cooling mode is less than the set number, when the weighted value of the measured temperature at multiple points in the room is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve will be increased until the weighted value of the measured temperature at multiple points in the room is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, and then the opening of the electric valve will be decreased.

[0040] When the current cooling demand mode of the building area is transitional cooling mode, the online air temperature control is as follows:

[0041] When the weighted average of the measured temperatures at multiple points indoors is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve until the weighted average of the measured temperatures at multiple points indoors is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, then decrease the opening of the electric valve.

[0042] Furthermore, in step S4, when the current cooling demand mode of the building area is high-temperature cooling mode, the online air temperature control is as follows:

[0043] If the measured outdoor air temperature is lower than t1, close the electric valve until the measured outdoor air temperature is higher than t2. When the weighted average of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve until the weighted average of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, then decrease the opening of the electric valve; t1 < t2.

[0044] If the measured outdoor air temperature is higher than t2, and the weighted average of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve. If the weighted average of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, decrease the opening of the electric valve until the measured outdoor air temperature is lower than t1, then close the electric valve.

[0045] Furthermore, in step S4, when the current heating demand mode of the building area is the standard heating mode, the online air temperature control is as follows:

[0046] If the number of indoor air temperature sensors below the lower limit of the air temperature control range under standard heating mode exceeds or equals the set number, when the lowest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve will be increased until the lowest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, and then the opening of the electric valve will be decreased.

[0047] If the number of indoor air temperature sensors below the lower limit of the air temperature control range under standard heating mode is less than the set number, when the weighted value of the measured temperature at multiple points in the room is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve will be increased until the weighted value of the measured temperature at multiple points in the room is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, at which point the opening of the electric valve will be decreased.

[0048] Furthermore, in step S4, when the current heating demand mode of the building area is medium-temperature heating mode, the online air temperature control is as follows:

[0049] If the number of indoor air temperature sensors below the lower limit of the air temperature control range in the medium temperature heating mode exceeds or equals the set number, when the lowest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve will be increased until the lowest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, and the opening of the electric valve will be decreased.

[0050] If the number of indoor air temperature sensors below the lower limit of the air temperature control range in the medium temperature heating mode is less than the set number, when the weighted value of the measured temperature at multiple indoor points is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve will be increased until the weighted value of the measured temperature at multiple indoor points is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, and then the opening of the electric valve will be decreased.

[0051] When the current heating demand mode of the building area is transitional heating mode, the online air temperature control is as follows:

[0052] When the weighted average of the measured temperatures at multiple points indoors is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve until the weighted average of the measured temperatures at multiple points indoors is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, then decrease the opening of the electric valve.

[0053] Furthermore, in step S4, when the current heating demand mode of the building area is low-temperature heating mode, the online air temperature control is as follows:

[0054] If the measured outdoor air temperature is greater than t3, close the electric valve until the measured outdoor air temperature is less than t4. When the weighted average of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve until the weighted average of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, then decrease the opening of the electric valve; t3 > t4.

[0055] If the measured outdoor air temperature is less than t4, when the weighted average of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve; when the weighted average of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, decrease the opening of the electric valve until the measured outdoor air temperature is greater than t3, then close the electric valve.

[0056] This invention also provides a system for intelligent control of air temperature in building areas based on multi-information fusion, comprising:

[0057] The data input module is used to acquire cooling / heating information for each building area and input it into the data fusion module;

[0058] The data acquisition module collects information from multiple sensors according to data acquisition instructions and inputs it into the data preprocessing module;

[0059] The data preprocessing module is used to preprocess information from multiple sensors;

[0060] The data information fusion module, based on the pre-processed multi-sensor information and the cooling / heating information of each building area, executes a smart control method for the air temperature of the building area based on multi-information fusion, performs information fusion calculations to generate the basis for controlling the opening of the electric valve, and transmits the electric valve control command to the control execution module.

[0061] The data storage module is used to store multi-sensor information and cooling / heating information of each building area, pre-processed multi-sensor information, the basis for adjusting the opening degree of electric valves, and the corresponding electric valve control commands;

[0062] The control and execution module, based on the input electric valve control commands, regulates the on / off state of the electric valves in the connecting pipes between the refrigeration and heating combined system and the heat exchange stations in each building area, as well as the opening degree of the electric valves on the return water pipes of the refrigeration / heating pipes in each building area, to achieve intelligent control of the air temperature in the building area.

[0063] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0064] 1. Using the lowest / highest indoor temperature or the weighted indoor temperature as the control target, the control weight of the indoor air temperature sensor that is far from the set value is effectively enhanced, which is conducive to improving the air temperature uniformity of large spaces in buildings and avoiding local overheating or undercooling.

[0065] 2. Taking into account the problem of unstable wireless temperature measurement signals, a backup control scheme was designed to control the opening of the electric valve based on the return water temperature when the wireless temperature measurement signal is offline, which can ensure that the building temperature does not fluctuate significantly.

[0066] 3. When adjusting the opening of the electric valve, a control principle combining PID and 0-100% is adopted, which not only ensures the temperature control accuracy, but also effectively reduces the lag of room temperature changes. Attached Figure Description

[0067] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of the intelligent control method for air temperature in building areas based on multi-information fusion in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intelligent control system based on multi-sensor information fusion in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the device corresponding to the intelligent control system based on multi-sensor information fusion in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of switching the heating demand mode during the heating stage in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of switching the heating demand mode during the cooling stage in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0072] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer and more concise, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and one embodiment. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0073] The intelligent air temperature control method for building areas based on multi-information fusion provided in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0074] S1. Based on the cooling or heating needs of each building area, switch the on / off state of the electric valves in the connecting pipes between the refrigeration cycle unit and heating cycle unit of the combined refrigeration and heating system and the heat exchange station of each building area to complete the supply of chilled water for cooling or hot water for heating to each building area. Specifically, this includes the following steps:

[0075] S1.1. Based on the usage function of each building area, determine whether the air temperature regulation requirement of each building on that day is cooling or heating;

[0076] S1.2 For building areas where temperature regulation is required for cooling, the electric valve in the connecting pipe between the heat exchange station and the refrigeration cycle unit of the building area is opened, and the electric valve in the connecting pipe between the heat exchange station and the heating cycle unit is closed.

[0077] S1.3 For building areas where temperature regulation is required for heating, the electric valves in the connecting pipes between the heat exchange station and the heating cycle unit in the building area are opened, and the electric valves in the connecting pipes between the heat exchange station and the refrigeration cycle unit are closed.

[0078] S2. Iteratively compare the design flow rate and the measured flow rate of the cooling / heating pipes in each building area, control the measured flow rate of the cooling / heating pipes in each building area within a preset ratio range, and complete the hydraulic balance adjustment of the cooling / heating flow rate in each building area. This includes the following steps:

[0079] S2.1 Calculate the relative flow ratio of each building area based on the design flow rate of the cooling / heating pipes, as follows:

[0080]

[0081] in, t is the relative flow ratio. g t′ represents the measured temperature of the water supply to the cooling / heating pipeline. n The design temperature for indoor air, t′ g The design temperature for water supply to cooling / heating pipelines, t′ h Design temperature for return water in cooling / heating pipes;

[0082] S2.2. Taking the hot and cold water circulation pump in the heat exchange station as the starting point, the total length of the secondary network cooling / heating pipeline between the hot and cold water circulation pump and the last building area is l. According to the pipeline length between each building area and the hot and cold water circulation pump, all buildings connected by the secondary network cooling / heating pipeline of the heat exchange station are divided into different intervals; in one embodiment, all buildings connected by the secondary network cooling / heating pipeline of the heat exchange station are divided into 0-25% l buildings, 26% l-50% l buildings, 51% l-75% l buildings and 76% l-100% l buildings;

[0083] S2.3. Starting with the hot and cold water circulation pump in the heat exchange station, and according to the distance between each building area and the heat exchange station, from near to far, the opening of the electric valves on the return water pipes of the cooling / heating pipelines in each building area is adjusted. In one embodiment, the relative flow ratio of each building area is adjusted sequentially according to the divided intervals, as follows:

[0084] Adjust the relative flow ratio of buildings with a flow rate of 0-25% to 0.80-0.85, adjust the relative flow ratio of buildings with a flow rate of 0-25% to 0.85-0.90, adjust the relative flow ratio of buildings with a flow rate of 51%-75% to 0.90-0.95, and adjust the relative flow ratio of buildings with a flow rate of 76%-100% to 0.95-1.0.

[0085] In one embodiment, during the adjustment of the relative flow ratio, if the electric valve on the return water pipe of the cooling / heating pipeline in a certain building area is fully open but the target relative flow ratio is still not achieved, the building area is skipped, and the relative flow ratio of the remaining building areas is adjusted in a predetermined order. After the adjustment is completed, the building areas whose relative flow ratio has not reached the target are checked again. If the deviation from the target relative flow ratio is more than 20%, the changes in the measured pressure of the cooling / heating pipeline supply and the measured pressure of the cooling / heating pipeline return are detected to check for faults such as electric valve malfunction or blockage of the cooling / heating pipeline in the building area. If a fault is found, the fault is dealt with before the adjustment is carried out. If no fault is found, the electric valve of the building area remains fully open during the adjustment phase of the relative flow ratio.

[0086] S3. Determine whether the indoor air temperature sensors installed in different floors of each building area can be remotely and online to collect the measured indoor temperature at multiple points in each building area. If yes, proceed to step S4; otherwise, proceed to step S5.

[0087] S4. Compare the air temperature control range, indoor multi-point measured temperature, and indoor multi-point measured temperature weighted value under the current cooling / heating demand mode, and adjust the opening of the electric valve on the return water pipe of the cooling / heating pipe in each building area to complete the online air temperature control of each building area under the current cooling / heating demand mode; return to step S3.

[0088] The weighted values ​​of the indoor multi-point measured temperature are as follows:

[0089]

[0090] Among them, t nq The weighted average of measured temperatures at multiple points indoors, t ni Let t be the measured air temperature collected by the i-th online indoor air temperature sensor. ns This represents the median value of the air temperature control range under the current cooling / heating demand mode of the building area, where k is the number of online indoor air temperature sensors, typically greater than or equal to 5.

[0091] In one embodiment, the air temperature control range for the standard cooling mode is 24–26°C, the air temperature control range for the medium-temperature cooling mode is 28–30°C, the air temperature control range for the transitional cooling mode is 26.5–28.5°C, and the air temperature control range for the high-temperature cooling mode is 32–34°C.

[0092] In one embodiment, when the current cooling demand mode of the building area is the standard cooling mode, the online air temperature control is as follows:

[0093] If the number of indoor air temperature sensors exceeding the upper limit of the air temperature control range in standard cooling mode exceeds or equals 30% of the number of online indoor air temperature sensors, when the highest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is lower than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve is increased until the highest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, then the opening of the electric valve is decreased.

[0094] If the number of indoor air temperature sensors with a temperature control range higher than the upper limit of the standard cooling mode is less than 30% of the number of online indoor air temperature sensors, when the weighted value of the multi-point measured temperature in the room is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve is increased until the weighted value of the multi-point measured temperature in the room is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, at which point the opening of the electric valve is decreased.

[0095] In one embodiment, when the current cooling demand mode of the building area is medium-temperature cooling mode, the online air temperature control is as follows:

[0096] If the number of indoor air temperature sensors that exceed the upper limit of the air temperature control range in the medium-temperature cooling mode exceeds or equals 50% of the number of online indoor air temperature sensors, when the highest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve is increased until the highest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, then the opening of the electric valve is decreased.

[0097] If the number of indoor air temperature sensors that are above the upper limit of the air temperature control range in the medium-temperature cooling mode is less than 50% of the number of online indoor air temperature sensors, when the weighted value of the indoor multi-point measured temperature is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve is increased until the weighted value of the indoor multi-point measured temperature is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, then the opening of the electric valve is decreased.

[0098] When the current cooling demand mode of the building area is transitional cooling mode, the online air temperature control is as follows:

[0099] When the weighted average of the measured temperatures at multiple points indoors is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve until the weighted average of the measured temperatures at multiple points indoors is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, then decrease the opening of the electric valve.

[0100] In one embodiment, t1 and t2 are set to 31℃ and 33℃ respectively. When the building's current cooling demand mode is high-temperature cooling mode, the online air temperature control is as follows:

[0101] If the measured outdoor air temperature is below 31℃, close the electric valve until the measured outdoor air temperature is above 33℃. Then, use an incremental PID control algorithm to adjust the opening of the electric valve. When the weighted value of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve until the weighted value of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, decrease the opening of the electric valve.

[0102] If the measured outdoor air temperature is higher than 33℃, the electric valve opening is adjusted using an incremental PID control algorithm. When the weighted average of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, the electric valve opening is increased. When the weighted average of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, the electric valve opening is decreased until the measured outdoor air temperature is lower than 31℃, at which point the electric valve is closed.

[0103] In one embodiment, the air temperature control range for the standard heating mode is 18–20°C, the air temperature control range for the medium-temperature heating mode is 8–10°C, the air temperature control range for the transitional heating mode is 15.5–17.5°C, and the air temperature control range for the low-temperature heating mode is 3–5°C.

[0104] In one embodiment, when the current heating demand mode of the building area is the standard heating mode, the online air temperature control is specifically as follows:

[0105] If the number of indoor air temperature sensors below the lower limit of the air temperature control range under standard heating mode exceeds or equals 30% of the number of online indoor air temperature sensors, when the lowest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve is increased until the lowest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, then the opening of the electric valve is decreased.

[0106] If the number of indoor air temperature sensors below the lower limit of the air temperature control range under standard heating mode is less than 30% of the number of online indoor air temperature sensors, when the weighted value of the multi-point measured temperature in the room is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve is increased until the weighted value of the multi-point measured temperature in the room is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, then the opening of the electric valve is decreased.

[0107] In one embodiment, when the current heating demand mode of the building area is medium-temperature heating mode, the online air temperature control is specifically as follows:

[0108] If the number of indoor air temperature sensors below the lower limit of the air temperature control range in the medium temperature heating mode exceeds or equals 50% of the number of online indoor air temperature sensors, when the lowest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve is increased until the lowest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, then the opening of the electric valve is decreased.

[0109] If the number of indoor air temperature sensors below the lower limit of the air temperature control range under medium temperature heating mode is less than 50% of the number of online indoor air temperature sensors, when the weighted value of the indoor multi-point measured temperature is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve is increased until the weighted value of the indoor multi-point measured temperature is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, then the opening of the electric valve is decreased.

[0110] When the current heating demand mode of the building area is transitional heating mode, the online air temperature control is as follows:

[0111] When the weighted average of the measured temperatures at multiple points indoors is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve until the weighted average of the measured temperatures at multiple points indoors is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, then decrease the opening of the electric valve.

[0112] In one embodiment, t3 and t4 are set to 4℃ and 2℃ respectively. When the building's current heating demand mode is low-temperature heating mode, the online air temperature control is as follows:

[0113] If the measured outdoor air temperature is higher than 4℃, close the electric valve until the measured outdoor air temperature is lower than 2℃. Then, use an incremental PID control algorithm to adjust the opening of the electric valve. When the weighted value of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve until the weighted value of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, then decrease the opening of the electric valve.

[0114] If the measured outdoor air temperature is below 2℃, the electric valve opening is adjusted using an incremental PID control algorithm. When the weighted average of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is below the lower limit of the air temperature control range, the electric valve opening is increased. When the weighted average of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is above the upper limit of the air temperature control range, the electric valve opening is decreased until the measured outdoor air temperature is above 4℃, at which point the electric valve is closed.

[0115] The online air temperature control process includes a heating phase and a cooling phase. The heating phase involves switching from a cooling / heating demand mode with a lower air temperature control range to a cooling / heating demand mode with a higher air temperature control range (such as switching from a medium-temperature heating mode to a standard heating mode). The cooling phase involves switching from a cooling / heating mode with a higher air temperature control range to a cooling / heating mode with a lower air temperature control range (such as switching from a standard heating mode to a medium-temperature heating mode).

[0116] During the online air temperature control process of each building under the current cooling / heating demand mode, the thermal inertia of the building area causes a certain deviation in air temperature control. Therefore, based on the indoor air temperature prediction calculation model, air temperature prediction calculation is performed to determine whether the current cooling / heating demand mode should be switched to another cooling / heating demand mode in advance. This includes the following steps:

[0117] S4.1 Based on the measured outdoor air temperature, multi-point indoor temperature, measured supply water temperature of the cooling / heating pipes, measured return water temperature of the cooling / heating pipes, and measured flow rate of the cooling / heating pipes in each building area, calculate the equivalent specific heat capacity of room temperature in each building area in real time, and establish a prediction calculation model for indoor air temperature in each building area to accurately predict changes in indoor air temperature in each building area, as detailed below:

[0118] The formula for the equivalent specific heat capacity of room temperature in a building area is established as follows:

[0119]

[0120] Among them, M I Let M be the equivalent specific heat capacity of the room temperature in the building area, and M be the equivalent specific heat capacity of the indoor air in the building area. Δt n For indoor air temperature changes in the building area, M w Δt represents the specific heat capacity of the building envelope. wFor the temperature change of the building envelope, M e Δt represents the specific heat capacity of indoor equipment in the building area. e Temperature changes of indoor equipment in the building area;

[0121] The arithmetic mean of the design and actual measurements of the cooling / heating pipe supply and return water systems for the building area is calculated as follows:

[0122] t p =(t g +t h ) / 2;

[0123] t′ p =(t′ g +t′ h ) / 2;

[0124] Among them, t p The arithmetic mean of the measured supply and return water values ​​for the cooling / heating pipes in the building area, t g Measured temperature of water supplied to the cooling / heating pipes in the building area, t h t′ is the measured temperature of the return water in the cooling / heating pipes of the building area. p The arithmetic mean of the supply and return water design values ​​for the cooling / heating pipes in the building area, t′ g The design temperature for the water supply to the cooling / heating pipes in the building area, t′ h Design temperature for the return water of cooling / heating pipes in the building area.

[0125] The design cooling / heating load and the measured cooling / heating load of the building area are calculated as follows:

[0126] Q′ s =cG′(t′ g -t′ h );

[0127]

[0128] Among them, Q′ s The design cooling / heating load for the building area is given by c, where c is the specific heat capacity of water at constant pressure, G′ is the design flow rate of the cooling / heating pipes, and t′ is the design flow rate of the cooling / heating pipes. g The design temperature for water supply to cooling / heating pipelines, t′ h Q is the design temperature for the return water of the cooling / heating pipes. s For the measured cooling / heating load of the building area, t p The measured arithmetic mean of the supply and return water for the cooling / heating pipes in the building area, b is the heat transfer index of the surface cooler or radiator, and t is the value of the water supply and return water for the building area. nq The weighted average of multiple measured indoor temperatures, t′ n Design temperature for indoor air;

[0129] Actual measured cooling / heating formulas for building areas Perform a linear expansion and take the first two terms to obtain

[0130] The data fusion module sends multi-sensor information acquisition commands for the building area to the data acquisition module. The data acquisition module collects the multi-sensor information and inputs it into the data processing module for preprocessing. The equivalent specific heat capacity of room temperature during the heating and cooling phases of the building area is then calculated.

[0131] Based on the equivalent specific heat capacity of room temperature during the heating and cooling stages, an indoor air temperature prediction and calculation model is established for each building area to predict and calculate the indoor temperature t of the building area. nc The specific trend of change over time T is as follows:

[0132]

[0133] S4.2 Taking the heating demand mode as an example, the weighted value of the measured temperature at multiple indoor points is used as the initial temperature. Based on the indoor air temperature prediction calculation model of each building area, the change value of the indoor air temperature of each building area over time is calculated. It is determined whether the required time for each building area to heat up or cool down to the air temperature control range corresponding to the next heating demand mode meets the requirements. If the time meets the requirements, the heating demand mode is switched. If the time does not meet the requirements, the current heating demand mode is maintained and the process returns to step S3.

[0134] like Figure 4 As shown, during the heating phase, step S4.2 includes the following steps:

[0135] S4.2.1.1 Based on the time point Tr of higher air temperature demand in the building area and the predicted time period ΔT for advance temperature rise. am Determine whether the current time T is greater than or equal to Tr-ΔT. am If it is greater than 0, then adjust the electric valve on the return water pipe of the heating pipe to switch the heating demand mode, and switch the heating demand mode of the building area from the heating demand mode with a lower air temperature control range to the heating demand mode with a higher air temperature control range. If it is less than 0, then proceed to step S4.2.1.2.

[0136] S4.2.1.2, Initial value of counter k = 1, maximum number of temperature rise calculations kr = ΔT am / ΔT, where ΔT is the calculation period. In one embodiment, ΔT is 15 minutes.

[0137] S4.2.1.3 Calculate the indoor temperature t in the building area at time Tr based on the indoor air temperature prediction calculation model. nc ;

[0138] S4.2.1.4, Comparison t nc If the lower limit of the air temperature control range of the heating demand mode with a higher air temperature control range is less than that of the latter, the heating demand mode is switched. If the former is greater than or equal to the latter, the building area maintains the operation of the heating demand mode with a lower air temperature control range. The counter is assigned the value k = k + 1, and it is further determined whether k is greater than or equal to kr. If it is greater than or equal to kr, the heating demand mode is switched. If it is less than kr, the process returns to step S4.2.1.3.

[0139] like Figure 5 As shown, during the cooling phase, step S4.2 includes the following steps:

[0140] S4.2.2.1 Based on the time point Td when the building area requires lower air temperature and the predicted time period ΔT for advance cooling. ae Determine whether the current time T is greater than or equal to Td-ΔT. ae If it is greater than 0, then adjust the electric valve on the return water pipe of the heating pipe to switch the heating demand mode from the heating demand mode with a higher air temperature control range to the heating demand mode with a lower air temperature control range. If it is less than 0, then proceed to step S4.2.2.2.

[0141] S4.2.2.2, The counter is initially set to k = 1, and the maximum number of cooling calculations is kd = ΔT. ae / ΔT, where ΔT is the calculation period. In one embodiment, ΔT is 15 minutes.

[0142] S4.2.2.3 Calculate the indoor temperature t in the building area at time Td based on the indoor air temperature prediction calculation model. nc ;

[0143] S4.2.2.4, Comparison t nc If the upper limit of the air temperature control range of the heating demand mode with a lower air temperature control range is greater than or equal to the latter, the heating demand mode is switched. If the former is less than the latter, the building area maintains the operation of the heating demand mode with a higher air temperature control range. The counter is assigned the value k = k + 1, and it is further determined whether k is greater than or equal to kd. If it is greater than or equal to kd, the heating demand mode is switched. If it is less than kd, the process returns to step S4.2.2.3.

[0144] During online air temperature control in each building area under the current heating demand mode, the adjustment of the electric valve opening is divided into an indoor temperature increase mode and an indoor temperature decrease mode. This is based on the weighted average of multiple measured indoor temperatures (t). nq Air temperature control range lower than the heating demand mode (T) ns,l When the indoor temperature is adjusted upwards, the weighted average of the measured temperatures at multiple points indoors will be adjusted upwards.nq The upper limit T of the air temperature control range is higher than that of the heating demand mode. ns,h When the indoor temperature is lowered, the electric valve adopts a control rule combining PID and On-Off, as follows:

[0145] When entering the indoor temperature adjustment mode, the specific controls are as follows:

[0146] 1) When t nq ≤T ns,l At -3.5, the opening degree of the electric valve remains at 100%;

[0147] 2) When T ns,l -3.5 <t nq <T ns,h When +1, the opening control of the electric valve adopts an incremental PID algorithm to determine whether the electric valve is working properly based on the change in pipeline pressure.

[0148] 3) When t nq ≥T ns,h When +1 is applied, the electric valve opening control switches to the indoor air temperature reduction mode.

[0149] When entering the indoor air temperature reduction mode, the specific controls are as follows:

[0150] 1) When t nq ≥T ns,h At +3.5, the opening degree of the electric valve remains at 0;

[0151] 2) When T ns,l -1 <t nq <T ns,h At +3.5, the opening control of the electric valve adopts an incremental PID algorithm to determine whether the electric valve is working properly based on the changes in pipeline pressure.

[0152] 3) When t nq ≤T ns,l When the temperature drops to -1, the opening control of the electric valve switches to the indoor air temperature adjustment mode.

[0153] S5. Compare the measured return water temperature of the cooling / heating pipes with the temperature control range of the return water temperature of the cooling / heating pipes under the current cooling / heating demand mode, adjust the opening of the electric valves on the return water pipes of the cooling / heating pipes of each building, and complete the offline air temperature control of each building under the current cooling / heating demand mode; return to step S3.

[0154] In one embodiment, the return water temperature control range of the refrigeration pipe in the standard refrigeration mode is 14-16℃, the return water temperature control range of the refrigeration pipe in the medium-temperature refrigeration mode is 18-20℃, the return water temperature control range of the refrigeration pipe in the transitional refrigeration mode is 16.5-18.5℃, and the air temperature control range of the high-temperature refrigeration mode is 22-24℃.

[0155] When the current cooling demand mode of the building area is the standard cooling mode, the offline air temperature control is as follows:

[0156] When the measured temperature of the return water in the refrigeration pipe is higher than the upper limit of the refrigeration pipe return water temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve until the measured temperature of the return water in the refrigeration pipe is lower than the lower limit of the refrigeration pipe return water temperature control range, then decrease the opening of the electric valve.

[0157] When the current cooling demand mode of the building area is medium-temperature cooling mode, the offline air temperature control is as follows:

[0158] When the measured temperature of the return water in the refrigeration pipe is higher than the upper limit of the refrigeration pipe return water temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve until the measured temperature of the return water in the refrigeration pipe is lower than the lower limit of the refrigeration pipe return water temperature control range, then decrease the opening of the electric valve.

[0159] When the current cooling demand mode of the building area is transitional cooling mode, the offline air temperature control is as follows:

[0160] When the measured temperature of the return water in the refrigeration pipe is higher than the upper limit of the refrigeration pipe return water temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve until the measured temperature of the return water in the refrigeration pipe is lower than the lower limit of the refrigeration pipe return water temperature control range, then decrease the opening of the electric valve.

[0161] In one embodiment, t1 and t2 are set to 31℃ and 33℃ respectively. When the current cooling demand mode of the building area is high-temperature cooling mode, the offline air temperature control is as follows:

[0162] If the measured outdoor air temperature is below 31℃, close the electric valve until the measured outdoor air temperature is above 33℃. When the measured temperature of the refrigerant pipe return water is above the upper limit of the refrigerant pipe return water temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve until the measured temperature of the refrigerant pipe return water is below the lower limit of the refrigerant pipe return water temperature control range, then decrease the opening of the electric valve.

[0163] In one embodiment, the return water temperature control range of the heating pipe in the standard heating mode is 33-35℃, the return water temperature control range of the heating pipe in the medium-temperature heating mode is 23-25℃, the return water temperature control range of the heating pipe in the transitional heating mode is 30-32℃, and the air temperature control range of the low-temperature heating mode is 13-15℃.

[0164] When the current heating demand mode of the building area is the standard heating mode, the offline air temperature control is as follows:

[0165] When the measured temperature of the return water in the heating pipe is lower than the lower limit of the temperature control range of the return water in the heating pipe, increase the opening of the electric valve until the measured temperature of the return water in the heating pipe is higher than the upper limit of the temperature control range of the return water in the heating pipe, then decrease the opening of the electric valve.

[0166] When the current heating demand mode of the building area is medium-temperature heating mode, the offline air temperature control is as follows:

[0167] When the measured temperature of the return water in the heating pipe is lower than the lower limit of the temperature control range of the return water in the heating pipe, increase the opening of the electric valve until the measured temperature of the return water in the heating pipe is higher than the upper limit of the temperature control range of the return water in the heating pipe, then decrease the opening of the electric valve.

[0168] When the current heating demand mode of the building area is transitional heating mode, the offline air temperature control is as follows:

[0169] When the measured temperature of the return water in the heating pipe is lower than the lower limit of the temperature control range of the return water in the heating pipe, increase the opening of the electric valve until the measured temperature of the return water in the heating pipe is higher than the upper limit of the temperature control range of the return water in the heating pipe, then decrease the opening of the electric valve.

[0170] In one embodiment, t3 and t4 are set to 4℃ and 2℃ respectively. When the current heating demand mode of the building area is low-temperature heating mode, the offline air temperature control is as follows:

[0171] If the measured outdoor air temperature is higher than 4℃, close the electric valve until the measured outdoor air temperature is lower than 2℃. When the measured return water temperature of the heating pipe is lower than the lower limit of the heating pipe return water temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve until the measured return water temperature of the heating pipe is higher than the upper limit of the heating pipe return water temperature control range, then decrease the opening of the electric valve.

[0172] Intelligent air temperature control system for building areas based on multi-information fusion, such as Figure 2 As shown, it includes a data acquisition module, a data input module, a data processing module, and a control execution module;

[0173] The data processing module includes a data preprocessing module, a data storage module, and a data information fusion module;

[0174] The data input module is used to acquire cooling / heating information for each building area and input it into the data fusion module. In one embodiment, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the data input module has operating software for manually inputting cooling / heating information for each building area;

[0175] The data information fusion module sends a data acquisition command to the data acquisition module, and the data acquisition module acquires multi-sensor information according to the data acquisition command and inputs it into the data preprocessing module.

[0176] The data preprocessing module is used to perform preprocessing, identifying, deleting, and imputing missing and outlier values ​​in multi-sensor information, and converting them into a format that can be used for data information fusion calculation;

[0177] The data information fusion module, based on the pre-processed multi-sensor information and the cooling / heating information of each building area, executes a smart control method for air temperature in the building area based on multi-information fusion. It performs information fusion calculations to generate the basis for controlling the opening of the electric valve, which is then transmitted to the control execution module as the electric valve control command.

[0178] The data storage module is used to store multi-sensor information and cooling / heating information of each building area, pre-processed multi-sensor information, the basis for adjusting the opening degree of electric valves, and the corresponding electric valve control commands.

[0179] The control and execution module regulates the opening and closing of electric valves in the connecting pipes between the combined refrigeration and heating system and the heat exchange stations in each building area, as well as the opening degree of electric valves on the return water pipes of the refrigeration / heating pipes in each building area, based on the input electric valve control commands, thereby realizing intelligent control of air temperature in the building area.

[0180] The multi-sensor information includes the measured outdoor air temperature of each building area, the measured indoor temperature at multiple points in each building area, the measured water supply temperature of the cooling / heating pipes in each building area, the measured water return temperature of the cooling / heating pipes in each building area, the measured water supply pressure of the cooling / heating pipes in each building area, the measured water return pressure of the cooling / heating pipes in each building area, the measured flow rate of the cooling / heating pipes in each building area, and the measured opening degree of the electric valves on the water return pipes of the cooling / heating pipes in each building area.

[0181] The measured indoor temperatures of each building area are obtained by at least five indoor air temperature sensors installed in rooms on different floors of each building, including a first measured indoor air temperature, a second measured indoor air temperature, a third measured indoor air temperature, a fourth measured indoor air temperature, and a fifth measured indoor air temperature.

[0182] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3As shown, a data acquisition device is used to collect information from the multiple sensors, including five indoor air temperature sensors installed in rooms on different floors of each building area, outdoor air temperature sensors installed on the outdoor side of each building area where there is no sunlight and no obvious wind, pipe water temperature sensors and pipe pressure sensors installed on the inlet and outlet water pipes of the cooling / heating pipelines in each building area, and pipe flow meters installed on the bypass branches of the return water pipes of the cooling / heating pipelines in each building area.

[0183] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, a data transmission device is used to transmit multi-sensor information collected by the data acquisition device. The data transmission device includes a wired signal transmitter, a wireless signal transmitter, and a signal converter. Data collected by outdoor air temperature sensor, pipeline water temperature sensor, pipeline pressure sensor, and pipeline flow meter are transmitted using a wired signal transmitter, while data collected by indoor air temperature sensor is transmitted using a wireless signal transmitter. The electrical signals of various sensors are transmitted to the local area network system via the signal converter.

[0184] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, a data processor is used to implement the data processing module. The data processor includes a remote server and a field controller. The remote server is used to implement the data preprocessing module and data storage module. It receives the cooling / heating information of each building area from the data input module, generates intelligent air temperature control data and electric valve control commands for each building area, and sends them to the field controller to realize the on / off of electric valves in the pipeline connecting the cooling and heating system and the cold and heat exchange stations of each building area, the hydraulic balance adjustment of the cooling / heating flow of each building area, and the online air temperature control of each building area under the current cooling / heating demand mode. The field controller controls the electric valves through the control execution module according to the intelligent air temperature control data and electric valve control commands sent by the remote server, and realizes offline air temperature control of each building area under the current cooling / heating demand mode.

[0185] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the process of controlling an electric valve by a control actuator is implemented. The control actuator includes an electric valve, which includes a valve body, a motor, and a control circuit. The valve body adopts a double-hole plate structure. One side of the hole plate is fixedly installed, and the other side of the hole plate is driven to rotate by the motor. Multiple through holes are passed through the double-hole plate. The motor drives the rotating hole plate to move by the control circuit through a fuzzy algorithm to change the opening degree of the valve body.

[0186] The cooling / heating information for each building area includes the design parameters of the cooling / heating system for each building area, the cooling / heating demand patterns for each building area, the air temperature control range and the return water temperature control range for each cooling / heating demand pattern for each building area, the higher air temperature demand time point and the predicted time period for heating up during the heating phase of each building area, the lower air temperature demand time point and the predicted time period for cooling down during the cooling phase of each building area, t1, t2, t3 and t4;

[0187] The design parameters of the cooling / heating system for each building area are parameters from the development and design phase of the cooling / heating system for each building area, including outdoor air design temperature, indoor air design temperature, cooling / heating pipeline water supply design temperature, cooling / heating pipeline return water design temperature, and cooling / heating pipeline design flow rate, which are derived from the as-built drawings of the cooling / heating system for each building area.

[0188] The cooling / heating demand patterns for each building area are air temperature control patterns formulated based on the air temperature demand of each building area on different dates and at different times of day throughout the cooling / heating season. These include standard cooling mode, medium-temperature cooling mode, transitional cooling mode, high-temperature cooling mode, standard heating mode, medium-temperature heating mode, transitional heating mode, and low-temperature heating mode. The standard cooling / heating mode is used for cooling / heating during the working hours of the building area, the medium-temperature cooling / heating mode is used for cooling / heating during the non-working hours of the building area, the transitional cooling / heating mode is used for cooling / heating during the switching process between the standard cooling / heating mode and the medium-temperature cooling / heating mode, and the high-temperature cooling mode and low-temperature heating mode are used for cooling / heating during the long-term non-working hours of the building area.

[0189] Each cooling / heating demand mode has a different air temperature setting range and cooling / heating pipe return water temperature control range. The intelligent control operator inputs the cooling / heating system design parameters of each building area, as well as the corresponding air temperature control range and cooling / heating pipe return water temperature control range of each cooling / heating demand mode in each building area, into the data input module.

[0190] The higher air temperature demand time point and advance heating prediction time period of each building area are used to eliminate the influence of the building's own heat absorption on the air temperature change when each building area switches from a cooling / heating demand mode with a lower air temperature control range to a cooling / heating demand mode with a higher air temperature control range, and to accurately determine whether to start the mode switch.

[0191] The lower air temperature demand time point and advance cooling prediction time period for each building area during the cooling phase are used to eliminate the influence of the building's own heat release on air temperature changes and accurately determine whether to start the mode switch when each building area switches from a cooling / heating demand mode with a higher air temperature control range to a cooling / heating demand mode with a lower air temperature control range.

[0192] In one embodiment, to obtain M I To verify the accuracy of the value and formula, we analyzed data collected from a building area over three days as an example. The standard heating period for this building is from 8:00 AM to 9:30 PM. To ensure indoor comfort and conserve heat, a timed switching method was used: switching from medium-temperature heating mode to standard heating mode at 6:30 AM and from standard heating mode to low-temperature heating mode at 9:00 PM. We recorded relevant parameters for the heating and cooling periods on December 14th and calculated the M value for each period using the formula. I The values ​​are detailed in Table 1.

[0193] Table 1. Relevant parameters of a building during the heating and cooling phases on December 14th.

[0194]

[0195]

[0196] The calculation results in Table 1 show that the equivalent specific heat capacity M of the indoor room temperature in the building area during the heating and cooling periods is... I The changes are not significant. The average value during the heating period is 1.38 GJ / ℃, and the average value during the cooling period is -1.42 GJ / ℃. Positive values ​​represent an increase in internal energy, and negative values ​​represent a decrease in internal energy. The average equivalent specific heat capacity at room temperature is approximately 1.4 GJ / ℃. I The value should only be related to the inherent heat capacity properties of the building envelope and indoor equipment, as well as the indoor population density and the state of the heat-generating equipment. If the building is completely sealed, it is not related to the outdoor air temperature. However, it is difficult for a building to be completely sealed, and more or less a certain amount of cold air will seep in, so it is also related to the outdoor air temperature.

[0197] Outdoor air temperatures gradually rose on December 15th and 16th, making these two days the ideal time for M... I Verification of values ​​and calculation formulas: the building is in a steady state by default at 6:30 and 21:00, that is, the initial state is taken at these two times. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0198] Table 2 Comparison of measured and predicted indoor air temperatures on December 15th and 16th

[0199]

[0200]

[0201] The results above show that the maximum relative error is within 10%. The longer the prediction calculation time, the greater the relative error. Due to variations in outdoor temperature, population density, and the randomness of indoor heating equipment operation, the equivalent specific heat capacity M of the room temperature also increases over time. I The larger the error in the value, the larger the relative error. However, compared to the mode-timed switching operation mode, determining the mode switching time by real-time prediction and calculation of the indoor air temperature in the building area has greatly improved the problem of the indoor air temperature rising to the required control temperature too early or too late in the morning.

[0202] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific examples described above. Any modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications, etc., made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, under the spirit and principle of the present invention, are equivalent substitutions and should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent control of air temperature in building areas based on multi-information fusion, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Start the combined cooling and heating system and the heat exchange stations in each building area. Based on the cooling or heating needs of each building area, switch the on / off state of the electric valves in the connecting pipes between the cooling cycle unit and heating cycle unit of the combined cooling and heating system and the heat exchange stations in each building area to provide the cold water required for cooling or the hot water required for heating to each building area. S2. Iteratively compare the design flow rate and the measured flow rate of the cooling / heating pipes in each building area to complete the hydraulic balance adjustment of the cooling / heating flow rate in each building area. S3. Determine whether the indoor air temperature sensors installed in different floors of each building area can be used to collect the measured indoor temperature at multiple points in each building area online. If yes, proceed to step S4; otherwise, proceed to step S5. S4. Compare the air temperature control range, indoor multi-point measured temperature, and indoor multi-point measured temperature weighted value under the current cooling / heating demand mode, and adjust the opening of the electric valves on the return water pipes of the cooling / heating pipes in each building area to complete the online air temperature control of each building area under the current cooling / heating demand mode; return to step S3; cooling demand modes include standard cooling mode, medium temperature cooling mode, transitional cooling mode, and high temperature cooling mode; heating demand modes include standard heating mode, medium temperature heating mode, transitional heating mode, and low temperature heating mode. The online air temperature control process includes a heating phase and a cooling phase. The heating phase involves switching from a cooling / heating demand mode with a lower air temperature control range to a cooling / heating demand mode with a higher air temperature control range. The cooling phase involves switching from a cooling / heating mode with a higher air temperature control range to a cooling / heating mode with a lower air temperature control range. In step S4, during the online air temperature control process of each building area under the current cooling / heating demand mode, air temperature prediction calculation is performed based on the indoor air temperature prediction calculation model to determine whether the current cooling / heating demand mode should be switched to other cooling / heating demand modes in advance. Specifically, this includes: S4.1 Based on the measured outdoor air temperature, multi-point indoor temperature, measured supply water temperature of the cooling / heating pipes, measured return water temperature of the cooling / heating pipes, and measured flow rate of the cooling / heating pipes in each building area, calculate the equivalent specific heat capacity of the room temperature in each building area in real time, and establish a prediction calculation model for the indoor air temperature of each building area; establish a prediction calculation model for the indoor air temperature of each building area to predict and calculate the indoor temperature of the building area. Over time The specific trends are as follows: in, The equivalent specific heat capacity of the building area at room temperature. The arithmetic mean of the supply and return water design values ​​for the cooling / heating pipes in the building area. Design the heating and cooling loads for the building area. For the actual measured heating and cooling load of the building area, The heat transfer index of the surface cooler or radiator. This is a weighted average of multiple measured indoor temperatures. Design temperature for indoor air; When the current cooling demand mode of the building area is the standard cooling mode, the online air temperature control is as follows: If the number of indoor air temperature sensors that exceed the upper limit of the air temperature control range in standard cooling mode exceeds or equals the set number, when the highest value among the multiple measured temperatures in the room is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve will be increased until the highest value among the multiple measured temperatures in the room is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, and then the opening of the electric valve will be decreased. If the number of indoor air temperature sensors below the upper limit of the air temperature control range in standard cooling mode is less than the set number, when the weighted value of the measured temperature at multiple indoor points is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve will be increased until the weighted value of the measured temperature at multiple indoor points is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, and then the opening of the electric valve will be decreased. S4.

2. Using the weighted average of measured indoor temperatures at multiple points as the initial temperature, and based on the indoor air temperature prediction calculation model for each building area, calculate the change in indoor air temperature over time for each building area. Determine whether the required time for each building area to heat up or cool down to the air temperature control range corresponding to the next cooling / heating demand mode meets the requirements. If the time meets the requirements, switch the cooling / heating demand mode. If the time does not meet the requirements, maintain the operation of the current cooling / heating demand mode and return to step S3. S5. Compare the measured return water temperature of the cooling / heating pipes with the temperature control range of the return water temperature of the cooling / heating pipes under the current cooling / heating demand mode, adjust the opening degree of the electric valves on the return water pipes of the cooling / heating pipes in each building area, and complete the offline air temperature control of each building area under the current cooling / heating demand mode; return to step S3.

2. The intelligent control method for air temperature in building areas based on multi-information fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 specifically includes the following steps: S1.1 Based on the usage function of each building area, determine whether the air temperature regulation requirement of each building area connected to the combined cooling and heating system is cooling or heating on the same day; S1.2 If the temperature regulation requirement of a building area is cooling, the electric valve in the connecting pipe between the heat exchange station and the refrigeration cycle unit of the building area is opened, and the electric valve in the connecting pipe between the heat exchange station and the heating cycle unit is closed. S1.3 If the temperature regulation requirement of a building area is heating, the electric valve in the connecting pipe between the heat exchange station and the heating cycle unit of the building area is opened, and the electric valve in the connecting pipe between the heat exchange station and the refrigeration cycle unit is closed. Step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S2.1 Calculate the relative flow ratio of each building area based on the design flow rate of the cooling / heating pipes in each building area; S2.

2. Based on the pipe length between each building area and the hot and cold water circulation pumps in the heat exchange station, divide all building areas connected by the secondary pipe network of the heat exchange station into different zones. S2.3 Starting with the hot and cold water circulation pumps in the heat exchange station, adjust the relative flow ratio of each building area in turn according to the distance between each building area and the heat exchange station, from near to far, based on the divided intervals.

3. The intelligent air temperature control method for building areas based on multi-information fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, during the online air temperature control process of each building area under the current cooling / heating demand mode, when adjusting the opening of the electric valve, it is divided into an indoor temperature increase mode and an indoor temperature decrease mode. This is based on the weighted average of multiple measured indoor temperatures. Air temperature control range below the lower limit of cooling / heating demand mode When the indoor temperature is adjusted upwards, the weighted average of multiple measured indoor temperatures will be used. Air temperature control range exceeding the upper limit of cooling / heating demand mode When the indoor temperature is lowered, the electric valve adopts a control rule that combines PID and On-Off control.

4. The intelligent control method for air temperature in building areas based on multi-information fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, when the current cooling demand mode of the building area is medium-temperature cooling mode, the online air temperature control is as follows: If the number of indoor air temperature sensors that exceed the upper limit of the air temperature control range in the medium-temperature cooling mode exceeds or equals the set number, when the highest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve will be increased until the highest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, and then the opening of the electric valve will be decreased. If the number of indoor air temperature sensors below the upper limit of the air temperature control range in the medium-temperature cooling mode is less than the set number, when the weighted value of the measured temperature at multiple indoor points is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve will be increased until the weighted value of the measured temperature at multiple indoor points is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, and then the opening of the electric valve will be decreased. When the current cooling demand mode of the building area is transitional cooling mode, the online air temperature control is as follows: When the weighted average of the measured temperatures at multiple points indoors is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve until the weighted average of the measured temperatures at multiple points indoors is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, then decrease the opening of the electric valve.

5. The intelligent air temperature control method for building areas based on multi-information fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, when the current cooling demand mode of the building area is high-temperature cooling mode, the online air temperature control is as follows: If the measured outdoor air temperature is lower than t1, close the electric valve until the measured outdoor air temperature is higher than t2. When the weighted value of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve until the weighted value of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, then decrease the opening of the electric valve. t1 < t2; If the measured outdoor air temperature is higher than t2, and the weighted value of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve. If the weighted value of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, decrease the opening of the electric valve until the measured outdoor air temperature is lower than t1, then close the electric valve. When the current heating demand mode of the building area is the standard heating mode, the online air temperature control is as follows: If the number of indoor air temperature sensors below the lower limit of the air temperature control range under standard heating mode exceeds or equals the set number, when the lowest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve will be increased until the lowest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, and then the opening of the electric valve will be decreased. If the number of indoor air temperature sensors below the lower limit of the air temperature control range under standard heating mode is less than the set number, when the weighted value of the measured temperature at multiple points in the room is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve will be increased until the weighted value of the measured temperature at multiple points in the room is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, at which point the opening of the electric valve will be decreased.

6. The intelligent control method for air temperature in building areas based on multi-information fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, when the current heating demand mode of the building area is medium-temperature heating mode, the online air temperature control is as follows: If the number of indoor air temperature sensors below the lower limit of the air temperature control range in the medium temperature heating mode exceeds or equals the set number, when the lowest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve will be increased until the lowest value among the multiple measured indoor temperatures is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, and the opening of the electric valve will be decreased. If the number of indoor air temperature sensors below the lower limit of the air temperature control range in the medium temperature heating mode is less than the set number, when the weighted value of the measured temperature at multiple indoor points is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, the opening of the electric valve will be increased until the weighted value of the measured temperature at multiple indoor points is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, and then the opening of the electric valve will be decreased. When the current heating demand mode of the building area is transitional heating mode, the online air temperature control is as follows: When the weighted average of the measured temperatures at multiple points indoors is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve until the weighted average of the measured temperatures at multiple points indoors is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, then decrease the opening of the electric valve.

7. The intelligent air temperature control method for building areas based on multi-information fusion according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, when the current heating demand mode of the building area is low-temperature heating mode, the online air temperature control is as follows: If the measured outdoor air temperature is greater than t3, close the electric valve until the measured outdoor air temperature is less than t4. When the weighted average of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve until the weighted average of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, then decrease the opening of the electric valve. t3 > t4; If the measured outdoor air temperature is less than t4, when the weighted average of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is lower than the lower limit of the air temperature control range, increase the opening of the electric valve; when the weighted average of the measured indoor temperatures at multiple points is higher than the upper limit of the air temperature control range, decrease the opening of the electric valve until the measured outdoor air temperature is greater than t3, then close the electric valve.

8. A system for implementing the intelligent control method for building area air temperature based on multi-information fusion as described in claim 1, characterized in that... include: The data input module is used to acquire cooling / heating information for each building area and input it into the data fusion module; The data acquisition module collects information from multiple sensors according to data acquisition instructions and inputs it into the data preprocessing module; The data preprocessing module is used to preprocess information from multiple sensors; The data information fusion module, based on the pre-processed multi-sensor information and the cooling / heating information of each building area, executes a smart control method for the air temperature of the building area based on multi-information fusion, performs information fusion calculations to generate the basis for controlling the opening of the electric valve, and transmits the electric valve control command to the control execution module. The data storage module is used to store multi-sensor information and cooling / heating information of each building area, pre-processed multi-sensor information, the basis for adjusting the opening degree of electric valves, and the corresponding electric valve control commands; The control and execution module, based on the input electric valve control commands, regulates the on / off state of the electric valves in the connecting pipes between the refrigeration and heating combined system and the heat exchange stations in each building area, as well as the opening degree of the electric valves on the return water pipes of the refrigeration / heating pipes in each building area, to achieve intelligent control of the air temperature in the building area.

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