Car coupler load calibration system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit vehicles, in particular to a car coupler load calibration system. The coupler load calibration system comprises a base, a first coupler seat and a second coupler seat, wherein the first coupler seat and the second coupler seat are oppositely arranged in a spaced mode in the first direction and used for installing coupler couplings. A longitudinal load loading device capable of providing a longitudinal load, a transverse load loading device capable of providing a transverse load and a vertical load loading device capable of providing a vertical load can be mounted on the base. In addition, the calibration object is the two couplers which are connected in a coupling mode, and compared with the mode that the calibration object is an independent coupler, the method can effectively simulate the stress condition of the couplers under the actual working condition so as to improve the test accuracy. Meanwhile, three-direction loads can be loaded at the same time, the coupling condition of three-direction force of the coupler under the actual working condition is simulated, and the performance of the coupler under the complex real stress environment is tested.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rail transit vehicles, and in particular to a coupler load calibration system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the railway transportation industry, heavy-duty freight trains have achieved significant improvements in load capacity, number of trains, and operating speeds, marking the entry of railway freight into the era of rapid transportation. Modern freight trains face complex line conditions during high-speed operation, including the influence of various line conditions such as curves and slopes. In this complex operating environment, couplers, as key components for train connections, are subjected to combined loads from three directions: longitudinal tensile and compressive loads, horizontal lateral loads, and vertical nodding loads. The interaction of these complex multi-directional loads places higher demands on the structural safety and service performance of couplers.

[0003] To ensure the safe operation of freight trains and provide a scientific basis for the design of couplers throughout their lifecycle, it is crucial to accurately identify the three-dimensional loads on couplers under actual operating conditions. However, current methods for measuring and analyzing coupler loads remain inadequate. Traditional calibration methods often fail to fully reflect coupler performance under complex load conditions. This poses challenges to existing technologies for coupler safety assessment and design optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a coupler load calibration system, which can simulate the load stress of the coupler under real working conditions and realize the calibration of the three-dimensional load of the coupler.

[0005] The present invention provides a coupler load calibration system, comprising a base, a first coupler seat and a second coupler seat;

[0006] The first coupler seat and the second coupler seat are arranged on the base at a relative distance along a first direction, and a coupler connection is installed between the first coupler seat and the second coupler seat;

[0007] The base is provided with a first mounting portion, a second mounting portion and a third mounting portion;

[0008] The first mounting portion is capable of mounting a longitudinal load device, so as to apply a longitudinal load along the first direction to the coupler coupling by means of the longitudinal load loading device;

[0009] The second mounting portion is capable of mounting a transverse load applying device, so as to apply a transverse load in a second direction to the coupler coupling by using the transverse load applying device;

[0010] The third mounting portion is capable of mounting a vertical load applying device, so as to apply a vertical load along a third direction to the coupler coupling by using the vertical load applying device;

[0011] The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0012] Furthermore, the base includes a first base and a second base arranged relatively spaced apart along the first direction;

[0013] The first coupler seat is connected to a side of the first base facing the second base;

[0014] The second base is provided with the first mounting portion for mounting the longitudinal loading device. The second coupler seat is located on the side of the second base facing the first base and is connected to the driving end of the longitudinal loading device. The driving end of the longitudinal load loading device is retractable along the first direction.

[0015] Further, the base includes a mounting base provided between the first base and the second base;

[0016] The mounting seat forms a second mounting portion on at least one side of the second direction of the coupler connection for mounting the lateral load loading device, so that the driving end of the lateral load loading device can abut against the coupler connection, and the driving end of the lateral load loading device can be retracted along the second direction.

[0017] Furthermore, the mounting seat is formed with the third mounting portion on at least one side of the third direction of the coupler connection, for installing a vertical load loading device, so that the driving end of the vertical load loading device can abut against the coupler connection, and the driving end of the vertical load loading device can be retracted along the third direction.

[0018] Furthermore, the relative position between the first base and the second base is adjustable along the first direction.

[0019] Furthermore, the base further includes a pull rod; the first base and the second base are both circumferentially provided with a plurality of connection holes, the plurality of connection holes of the first base correspond one-to-one with the plurality of connection holes of the second base and the pull rod is passed through;

[0020] The first base and the second base are both capable of sliding along the pull rod, and first positioning members are provided at both ends of the pull rod for fixing the first base and the second base.

[0021] Furthermore, the mounting seat is provided with a plurality of sliding connection parts, and the plurality of sliding connection parts are slidably mounted on the plurality of pull rods in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0022] Furthermore, the driving ends of the longitudinal load loading device, the transverse load loading device and the vertical load loading device are all provided with force sensors.

[0023] Furthermore, the first coupler seat and the second coupler seat each include a coupler seat body;

[0024] The hook seat body is used to form a groove on a side facing the coupler connection for inserting the coupler hook tail of the coupler connection;

[0025] The coupler tail is provided with a connecting hole, and a second positioning piece can be passed through the hook seat body, and the second positioning piece is passed through the connecting hole to limit the coupler tail in the groove.

[0026] Furthermore, the hook seat body includes a bottom plate and a circumferential side plate surrounding and forming the groove;

[0027] The inner side wall of one end of the circumferential side plate toward the bottom plate is formed with a stepped limit portion for adapting to the installation of the follower plate connected to the coupler, and the side plate on at least one side of the circumferential side plate is detachable to form an opening for disassembly and assembly of the follower plate.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The coupler load calibration system provided by the present invention includes a base, a first coupler seat, and a second coupler seat. The first and second coupler seats are mounted on the base with a relative spacing along a first direction. A coupler linkage, consisting of two coupled couplers, can be installed between the first and second couplers. During actual calibration testing, the first direction is set horizontally. The force acting on the coupler in the first direction is a longitudinal load. The force acting on the coupler in a second direction, which is perpendicular and horizontal to the first direction, is a transverse load. The force acting on the coupler in a third direction, which is vertical, is a vertical load.

[0030] The base is provided with a first mounting portion, a second mounting portion, and a third mounting portion. The first mounting portion is adapted to mount a longitudinal load loading device capable of applying a force in a first direction to the coupler coupling to calibrate the longitudinal load of the coupler in the coupler coupling. The second mounting portion is adapted to mount a transverse load loading device capable of applying a force in a second direction to the coupler coupling to calibrate the transverse load of the coupler. The third mounting portion is adapted to mount a vertical load loading device capable of applying a force in a third direction to the coupler coupling to calibrate the vertical load of the coupler. During actual calibration testing, one, two, or all three of the longitudinal, transverse, and vertical load loading devices may be employed, depending on actual calibration requirements.

[0031] Therefore, the coupler load calibration system of the present application can realize the calibration of the three-dimensional load of the coupler, and the calibration object of the present application is two coupled couplers. Compared with the method in which the calibration object is an independent coupler, it can effectively simulate the stress conditions of the coupler under actual working conditions to improve the accuracy of the test; at the same time, the present application can realize the simultaneous loading of three-dimensional loads, simulating the three-dimensional force coupling of the coupler under actual working conditions, so as to test the performance of the coupler under a complex real stress environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a coupler load calibration system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the main structure of the coupler seat of the coupler load calibration system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Reference numerals:

[0036] 1-first base, 11-first coupler seat, 2-second base, 21-second coupler seat, 3-coupler connection, 4-mounting seat, 41-second mounting portion, 42-third mounting portion, 5-longitudinal load loading device, 51-longitudinal force sensor, 6-lateral load loading device, 7-hook seat body, 71-circumferential side plate, 8-slave plate;

[0037] a-first direction, b-second direction, c-third direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0039] The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the invention.

[0040] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] Refer to the following Figure 1 and Figure 2 A coupler load calibration system according to some embodiments of the present application is described.

[0044] The present application provides a coupler load calibration system that can simulate the load stress conditions of a coupler under real working conditions and perform calibration tests on the three-dimensional load of the coupler.

[0045] like Figure 1As shown, the coupler load calibration system includes a base, a first coupler seat 11 and a second coupler seat 21. The first coupler seat 11 and the second coupler seat 21 are installed on the base at a relative interval along a first direction a. The coupler connection 3 composed of two coupled couplers can be installed between the first coupler and the second coupler, that is, the coupler connection 3 is arranged along the first direction a, the hook tail of one coupler faces the first coupler seat 11 and is connected to the first coupler seat 11, and the hook tail of the other coupler faces the second coupler seat 21 and is connected to the second coupler seat 21.

[0046] During the actual calibration test, the first direction a is set along the horizontal direction, the force acting on the coupler in the first direction a is a longitudinal load, the force acting on the coupler in the second direction b perpendicular to and horizontal to the first direction a is a transverse load, and the force acting on the coupler in the vertical direction, that is, the third direction c, is a vertical load.

[0047] The base is provided with a first mounting portion, a second mounting portion 41 and a third mounting portion 42, wherein the first mounting portion can be installed with a longitudinal load loading device 5, which can apply a force along a first direction a to the coupler connection 3 to calibrate the longitudinal load of the coupler in the coupler connection 3; the second mounting portion 41 can be installed with a transverse load loading device 6, which can apply a force along a second direction b to the coupler connection 3 to calibrate the transverse load of the coupler; the third mounting portion 42 can be installed with a vertical load loading device (not shown in the figure), which can apply a force along a third direction c to the coupler connection 3 to calibrate the vertical load of the coupler.

[0048] During actual calibration testing, one, two, or three of the longitudinal load loading device 5 , the transverse load loading device 6 , and the vertical load loading device may be used according to actual calibration requirements.

[0049] Therefore, the coupler load calibration system of the present application can realize the calibration of the three-dimensional load of the coupler, and the calibration object of the present application is two coupled couplers. Compared with the method in which the calibration object is an independent coupler, it can effectively simulate the stress conditions of the coupler under actual working conditions to improve the accuracy of the test; at the same time, the present application can realize the simultaneous loading of three-dimensional loads, simulating the three-dimensional force coupling of the coupler under actual working conditions, so as to test the performance of the coupler under a complex real stress environment.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, Figure 1As shown, the base includes a first base 1 and a second base 2, which are spaced relative to each other along a first direction a. A first coupler seat 11 is located between the first and second bases 1 and connected to the first base 1. The aforementioned first mounting portion is provided on the second base 2, allowing the longitudinal load-applying device 5 to be mounted on the second base 2. The second coupler seat 21 is also located between the first and second bases 1 and 2 and connected to the driving end of the longitudinal load-applying device 5, which is retractable along the first direction a. Thus, the longitudinal load-applying device 5 can apply a longitudinal load to the coupler 3 installed between the first and second coupler seats 11 and 21, and the magnitude of the applied longitudinal load can be adjusted by adjusting the extension and retraction of the driving end of the longitudinal load-applying device 5.

[0051] In this embodiment, preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the driving end of the longitudinal load loading device 5 is provided with a force sensor, which is recorded as the longitudinal force sensor 51. The longitudinal load loading device 5 is connected to the second coupler seat 21 through the longitudinal force sensor 51, so that the longitudinal load applied by the longitudinal load loading device 5 can be detected by the longitudinal force sensor 51.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the base also includes a mounting seat 4, which is located between the first base 1 and the second base 2. The mounting seat 4 forms a second mounting portion 41 on the side of the coupler connection 3 in the second direction b, on which the lateral load loading device 6 can be mounted. When the lateral load loading device 6 is mounted on the second mounting portion 41, the lateral load loading device 6 is located on the side of the second direction b of one coupler of the coupler connection 3. The driving end of the lateral load loading device 6 can abut against the side of the coupler in the second direction b, and the driving end of the lateral load loading device 6 can be extended and retracted along the second direction b. Thus, the lateral load loading device 6 can apply a lateral load to the coupler, and the amount of lateral load applied can be adjusted by adjusting the extension and retraction of the driving end.

[0053] Preferably, if Figure 1 As shown, the mounting seat 4 is provided with second mounting portions 41 capable of mounting a lateral load loading device 6 on opposite sides of the second direction b of the coupler connection 3, thereby enabling a lateral load loading device 6 capable of providing a lateral force to be provided on both sides of the second direction b of the coupler connection 3, so as to simulate the lateral load received by the vehicle when turning left or right, and to verify the symmetry of the coupler when the vehicle turns left or right.

[0054] In this embodiment, preferably, a force sensor is provided at the driving end of the lateral load loading device 6, which is referred to as a lateral force sensor. The lateral load loading device 6 is in contact with one of the couplers in the coupler connection 3 through the lateral force sensor, so that the magnitude of the lateral load applied by the lateral load loading device 6 can be detected by the lateral force sensor.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the mounting base 4 forms a third mounting portion 42 on one side of the coupler coupling 3 in the third direction c, on which the vertical load-applying device is mounted. When the vertical load-applying device is mounted on the third mounting portion 42, the vertical load-applying device is located on one side of the coupler of the coupler coupling 3 in the third direction c. The driving end of the vertical load-applying device can abut against the side of the coupler in the third direction c, and the driving end of the vertical load-applying device can be extended and retracted along the third direction c. Thus, the vertical load-applying device can apply a vertical load to the coupler, and the magnitude of the applied vertical load can be adjusted by adjusting the extension and retraction of the driving end.

[0056] Preferably, if Figure 1 As shown, the mounting seat 4 is provided with third mounting portions 42 capable of mounting vertical load loading devices on both opposite sides in the third direction c of the coupler connection 3, thereby enabling vertical load loading devices capable of providing vertical forces to be provided on both sides in the third direction c of the coupler connection 3 to simulate the vertical loads received by the vehicle when going uphill or downhill, and to verify the symmetry of the coupler when the vehicle is going uphill or downhill.

[0057] In this embodiment, preferably, a force sensor is provided at the driving end of the vertical load loading device, which is referred to as a vertical force sensor. The vertical load loading device is abutted against one of the couplers 3 through the vertical force sensor, so that the magnitude of the vertical load applied by the vertical load loading device can be detected through the vertical force sensor.

[0058] In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, the relative position between the first base 1 and the second base 2 is adjustable along the first direction a, so that the distance between the first base 1 and the second base 2 can be adjusted according to the length of the coupler connection 3 to be tested, so that the coupler connection 3 can be adaptively installed between the first coupler seat 11 and the second coupler seat 21; thereby improving the adaptability of the coupler load calibration system of the present application.

[0059] In this embodiment, preferably, Figure 1As shown, the base also includes a pull rod; a plurality of connecting holes are opened in the circumference of the first base 1, and a plurality of connecting holes are opened in the circumference of the second base 2. When the first base 1 and the second base 2 are arranged opposite to each other, the plurality of connecting holes on the first base 1 and the plurality of connecting holes on the second base 2 are arranged relative to each other in a one-to-one corresponding manner; a pull rod is passed through each group of two opposite connecting holes, and the first base 1 and the second base 2 can both slide along the pull rod to adjust the relative distance between the first base 1 and the second base 2.

[0060] At the same time, first positioning members are provided at both ends of each pull rod to fix the first base 1 and the second base 2 .

[0061] Preferably, if Figure 1 As shown, both ends of the tie rod are provided with externally threaded connections; or the tie rod is entirely a screw; the first positioning member is two nuts screwed onto the externally threaded connections; two nuts are screwed onto the externally threaded connections at both ends of the tie rod. When securing the first base 1, the first base 1 is positioned between the two nuts at its end, and the two nuts are screwed to clamp the first base 1. The securing method for the second base 2 is similar and will not be repeated here.

[0062] In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, the mounting seat 4 is slidable along the first direction a between the first base 1 and the second base 2, so that the position of the lateral load loading device 6 and the vertical load loading device installed thereon acting on the coupler can be adjusted, and the coupler load calibration system of the present application can be adapted to couplers of different specifications, thereby improving application adaptability.

[0063] In this embodiment, preferably, a plurality of sliding connection parts are provided on the mounting seat 4, and the plurality of sliding connection parts are slidably mounted on the plurality of pull rods one by one, so that the mounting seat 4 can slide along the length direction of the pull rod, i.e., the first direction a, to adjust the position of the lateral load loading device 6 and the vertical load loading device acting on the coupler.

[0064] Preferably, the sliding connection part can be locked on the corresponding pull rod, for example, a set screw is threaded on the sliding connection part, and screwing the set screw can make it press against the pull rod or move away from the pull rod. When the set screw presses the pull rod, the sliding connection part can be positioned on the pull rod, and when the set screw moves away from the pull rod, the sliding connection part can slide along the pull rod.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, Figure 2As shown, the first coupler seat 11 and the second coupler seat 21 have the same structure, and both include a hook seat body 7. The hook seat body 7 is used to form a groove on the side of the first direction a of the coupler connection 3, and the hook tail of the coupler can be adaptively inserted into the groove; at the same time, the hook tail of the coupler is provided with a connecting hole, and the axial direction of the connecting hole extends along the third direction c. The hook seat body 7 is provided with a socket at a position opposite to the connecting hole, and a second positioning member (such as a positioning pin) can pass through the connecting hole and the socket to limit the hook tail of the coupler in the groove, thereby realizing the connection between the hook seat body 7 and the corresponding coupler.

[0066] In actual operation, a follower plate 8 for buffering is provided at the hook tail of the coupler. In one embodiment of the present application, preferably, the groove formed by the hook seat body 7 is a square groove. The hook seat body 7 includes a bottom plate and a circumferential side plate 71 surrounding the groove. A step limit portion is formed on the inner side wall of the circumferential side plate 71 facing one end of the bottom plate. The follower plate 8 adapted to the coupler can be installed in a limited position in the step limit portion; thereby, the coupler load calibration system of the present application can simulate the actual working conditions of the coupler.

[0067] Preferably, at least one side plate of the circumferential side plates 71 is detachable to form an opening for easy removal from the plate 8 .

[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coupler load calibration system, characterized in that: It includes a base, a first coupler seat and a second coupler seat; The first coupler seat and the second coupler seat are arranged on the base at a relative distance along a first direction, and a coupler connection is installed between the first coupler seat and the second coupler seat; The base is provided with a first mounting portion, a second mounting portion and a third mounting portion; The first mounting portion is capable of mounting a longitudinal load applying device, so as to apply a longitudinal load along the first direction to the coupler coupling by using the longitudinal load applying device; The second mounting portion is capable of mounting a transverse load applying device, so as to apply a transverse load in a second direction to the coupler coupling by using the transverse load applying device; The third mounting portion is capable of mounting a vertical load applying device, so as to apply a vertical load along a third direction to the coupler coupling by using the vertical load applying device; The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

2. The coupler load calibration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base includes a first base and a second base arranged relatively spaced apart along the first direction; The first coupler seat is connected to a side of the first base facing the second base; The second base is provided with the first mounting portion for mounting the longitudinal loading device. The second coupler seat is located on the side of the second base facing the first base and is connected to the driving end of the longitudinal loading device. The driving end of the longitudinal load loading device is retractable along the first direction.

3. The coupler load calibration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base includes a mounting base provided between the first base and the second base; The mounting seat forms a second mounting portion on at least one side of the second direction of the coupler connection for mounting the lateral load loading device, so that the driving end of the lateral load loading device can abut against the coupler connection, and the driving end of the lateral load loading device can be retracted along the second direction.

4. The coupler load calibration system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mounting seat is formed with the third mounting portion on at least one side of the third direction of the coupler connection, for mounting a vertical load loading device, so that the driving end of the vertical load loading device can abut against the coupler connection, and the driving end of the vertical load loading device can be retracted along the third direction.

5. The coupler load calibration system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The relative position between the first base and the second base is adjustable along the first direction.

6. The coupler load calibration system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The base further includes a pull rod; The first base and the second base are both circumferentially provided with a plurality of connection holes, the plurality of connection holes of the first base corresponding to the plurality of connection holes of the second base one by one and the pull rods passing through them; The first base and the second base are both capable of sliding along the pull rod, and first positioning members are provided at both ends of the pull rod for fixing the first base and the second base.

7. The coupler load calibration system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mounting seat is provided with a plurality of sliding connection parts, and the plurality of sliding connection parts are slidably sleeved on the plurality of pull rods in a one-to-one correspondence.

8. The coupler load calibration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving ends of the longitudinal load loading device, the transverse load loading device and the vertical load loading device are all provided with force sensors.

9. The coupler load calibration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first coupler seat and the second coupler seat both include a coupler seat body; The hook seat body is used to form a groove on the side facing the coupler connection, so as to be used to insert the hook tail of the coupler connected to the coupler; The coupler tail is provided with a connecting hole, and a second positioning piece can be passed through the hook seat body, and the second positioning piece is passed through the connecting hole to limit the coupler tail in the groove.

10. The coupler load calibration system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The hook seat body includes a bottom plate and a circumferential side plate surrounding the groove; The inner side wall of one end of the circumferential side plate toward the bottom plate is formed with a stepped limit portion for adapting to the installation of the follower plate connected to the coupler, and the side plate on at least one side of the circumferential side plate is detachable to form an opening for disassembly and assembly of the follower plate.

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