Electromagnet with self-locking function
By integrating self-locking components on the electromagnet, the coupling between the limiting parts and the limiting grooves can realize self-locking of the electromagnet under external loads, solving the problem of malfunctioning of the electromagnet under severe loads and ensuring normal operation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510655992.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-15
AI Technical Summary
Conventional electromagnets are prone to malfunction under severe external loads, especially in severe working conditions such as impact, vibration or sudden acceleration, the moving core and moving rod are prone to malfunction.
An electromagnet with self-locking function is designed. By setting a self-locking part on the moving part, using the coordination between the limiting part and the limiting groove, self-locking or unlocking is achieved through power-on or discharge, ensuring that the moving lever remains locked under external load and moves normally when needed.
When subjected to severe external loads, the moving rod remains self-locked to avoid malfunctions, ensuring that the electromagnet can trigger the electrical appliances normally under normal working conditions, and the structural changes are small and the modular design effect is good.
Smart Images
Figure CN120497007A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of switch electrical appliances, and in particular to an electromagnet with a self-locking function. Background Art
[0002] An electromagnet is an actuator that converts electromagnetic energy into mechanical action. As a component of a switchgear, it can execute commands such as closing and opening operations, undervoltage tripping, and overload and short-circuit tripping of the switchgear.
[0003] When the moving iron core and moving rod of a conventional electromagnet are in a free state (no power is supplied), they are only acted upon by the reaction force of the spring and have no fixed constraints. When used in harsh working conditions in a mechanical environment (such as impact, vibration, or external rapid acceleration or deceleration), the moving iron core is easily swayed by the inertial force generated by the large external acceleration, resulting in malfunction after reaching the touch position. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnet with a self-locking function to address the above-mentioned shortcomings, which can lock its operating parts when the electromagnet is subjected to severe external loads to prevent the electromagnet from malfunctioning.
[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following solutions:
[0006] An electromagnet with a self-locking function comprises a moving part and a self-locking part; the self-locking part is sleeved on the moving part, and the moving part is provided with a limiting groove that cooperates with the self-locking part; the self-locking part is provided with a limiting member that can cooperate with the limiting groove; the limiting member and the limiting groove work together by energizing or discharging, thereby unlocking or locking the moving part.
[0007] Based on the above-mentioned structure of an electromagnet with a self-locking function, the moving part includes a first frame, a first coil, a static iron core, a moving iron core, a first spring and a moving rod; the static iron core and the moving iron core are coaxially arranged, and a through hole that cooperates with the moving rod is provided at the center of the static iron core, and the moving rod is fixedly connected to the moving iron core near the center position; the first coil is arranged in the first frame, the first frame is arranged around the static iron core and the moving iron core, and the first spring is sleeved on the moving rod between the static iron core and the moving iron core.
[0008] Based on the above-mentioned structure of an electromagnet with a self-locking function, the self-locking part includes a fixed base and a locking mechanism, a first cavity and a second cavity are provided in the fixed base, the first cavity and the second cavity are coaxially arranged, the first cavity is a cylindrical structure, the second cavity is a diverging structure, and the flared part of the second cavity is connected to the first cavity; the locking mechanism is arranged in the first cavity and the second cavity, and a second spring is provided at the end of the first cavity away from the second cavity, and the second spring is connected to one end of the locking mechanism; the connecting end of the locking mechanism and the second spring is a ferromagnetic material, and a second coil is provided on the outside of the second cavity.
[0009] Based on the above-mentioned structure of an electromagnet with a self-locking function, the locking mechanism includes a magnet seat and a conical head; a central through hole that cooperates with the moving rod is provided at the center position of the magnet seat; a receiving cavity is provided inside the conical head, and a matching groove is provided on the side wall of the conical head; the limiting member is provided in the receiving cavity.
[0010] Based on the above structure of the electromagnet with a self-locking function, the limiting groove is provided on the movable rod, and the limiting groove is specifically an inwardly concave annular groove, and the inwardly concave annular groove is provided at a circumferential position of the movable rod.
[0011] Based on the above structure of the electromagnet with a self-locking function, the limiting member is a spherical ball, and the size of the matching groove is larger than the diameter of the spherical ball.
[0012] Based on the above-mentioned structure of an electromagnet with a self-locking function, the matching grooves are set to be multiple, and the multiple matching grooves are evenly spaced along the outer side surface of the conical head. The spherical ball is set to be at least one, and the number of the matching grooves is not less than the number of spherical balls.
[0013] Based on the above-mentioned structure of the electromagnet with self-locking function, the first coil and the second coil are connected in parallel and then connected to a control power supply, and after the control power supply is energized, the electromagnetic attraction of the second coil on the locking mechanism can cause the locking mechanism to move upward.
[0014] Based on the structure of the electromagnet with a self-locking function, the end of the second cavity conflicts with the end of the first frame, and both the first cavity and the second cavity are provided with a through hole for the driving rod to pass through.
[0015] Based on the above structure of the electromagnet with a self-locking function, the maximum distance between the side wall of the movable rod and the side wall of the second cavity is not less than the diameter of the spherical steel ball.
[0016] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0017] 1. This solution integrates the self-locking part into the moving part of the electromagnet. When the moving part of the electromagnet is energized and moves, the self-locking part is also energized and moves synchronously, so that the limit member moves away from the limit slot and is unlocked. When the moving part of the electromagnet loses power and does not move, the self-locking part resets to lock the moving part of the electromagnet. Through structural improvements, this solution enables the electromagnet to have a self-locking function without affecting the normal operation of the electromagnet when powered on. When subjected to severe external loads, the moving rod is in a self-locking state and cannot be moved by external environmental forces. After the electromagnet is energized, the self-locking functional component is released, and the electromagnet moving rod can move normally and trigger the electrical operation.
[0018] 2. This solution makes minor changes to ordinary electromagnets. The self-locking functional components are modularly designed, and the self-locking function is effective. It can prevent various external forces from causing the electromagnet to malfunction during use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the electromagnet in free state;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the middle position of the electromagnet after it is energized;
[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the end position of the electromagnet after it is energized;
[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the locking base;
[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of B-B in the middle;
[0024] Figure numerals: 1. moving part; 2. self-locking part; 11. limiting groove; 12. limiting member; 13. first frame; 14. first coil; 15. static iron core; 16. moving iron core; 17. first spring; 18. moving rod; 21. fixed base; 22. locking mechanism; 23. second spring; 24. second coil; 211. first cavity; 212. second cavity; 221. magnet seat; 222. conical head; 223. center through hole; 224. accommodating cavity; 225. matching groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] All features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in the disclosed methods or processes, except mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any manner.
[0026] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any appended claims and abstract), unless otherwise stated, may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features. That is, unless otherwise stated, each feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features.
[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a predetermined direction, be constructed and operated in a predetermined direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
[0028] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly indicate the quantity of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.
[0029] Example 1
[0030] like Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution:
[0031] An electromagnet with a self-locking function, which at least includes but is not limited to a moving part 1 and a self-locking part 2; the self-locking part 2 is sleeved on the moving part 1, and a limiting groove 11 cooperating with the self-locking part 2 is provided on the moving part 1; a limiting member 12 capable of cooperating with the limiting groove 11 is provided in the self-locking part 2; the limiting member 12 and the limiting groove 11 are acted together by energizing or discharging, so that the moving part 1 is unlocked or locked.
[0032] Based on the above structure, this solution integrates the self-locking part 2 into the moving part 1 of the electromagnet. When the moving part 1 of the electromagnet is energized and moves, the self-locking part 2 is also energized and moves synchronously, so that the limit member 12 moves away from the limit slot 11 to be unlocked. When the moving part 1 of the electromagnet loses power and does not move, the self-locking part 2 is reset to lock the moving part 1 of the electromagnet. Through structural improvements, this solution enables the electromagnet to have a self-locking function without affecting the normal operation of the electromagnet when powered on; when subjected to severe external loads, the moving rod 18 is in a self-locking state and cannot be moved when subjected to external environmental forces; after the electromagnet is energized, the self-locking functional component is released, and the electromagnet moving rod 18 can move normally and trigger the electrical operation.
[0033] As an example, the moving part 1 may include a first frame 13, a first coil 14, a static iron core 15, a moving iron core 16, a first spring 17 and a moving rod 18; the static iron core 15 and the moving iron core 16 are coaxially arranged, and a through hole cooperating with the moving rod 18 is provided at the center of the static iron core 15, and the moving rod 18 is fixedly connected to the moving iron core 16 near the center position; the first coil 14 is arranged in the first frame 13, the first frame 13 is arranged around the static iron core 15 and the moving iron core 16, and the first spring 17 is sleeved on the moving rod 18 between the static iron core 15 and the moving iron core 16.
[0034] Based on the above structure, when the first coil 14 is energized, the moving iron core 16 will move the moving rod 18 along the length direction of the moving rod 18. When the first coil 14 is de-energized, the first spring 17 will drive the moving iron core 16 and the connected moving rod 18 to reset.
[0035] As an example, the self-locking part 2 may include a fixed base 21 and a locking mechanism 22, and a first cavity 211 and a second cavity 212 are provided in the fixed base 21, the first cavity 211 and the second cavity 212 are coaxially arranged, the first cavity 211 is a cylindrical structure, the second cavity 212 is a diverging structure, and the flared part of the second cavity 212 is connected to the first cavity 211; the locking mechanism 22 is arranged in the first cavity 211 and the second cavity 212, and a second spring 23 is provided at the end of the first cavity 211 away from the second cavity 212, and the second spring 23 is connected to one end of the locking mechanism 22; the connecting end of the locking mechanism 22 and the second spring 23 is a ferromagnetic material, and a second coil 24 is provided on the outside of the second cavity 212.
[0036] Based on the above structure, when the locking mechanism 22 needs to be actuated, the second coil 24 is energized to move the locking mechanism 22 made of ferromagnetic material, so that the locking member provided between the locking mechanism 22 and the limiting groove 11 is unlocked, thereby unlocking the movable rod 18. When the second coil 24 loses power, the second spring 23 will force the locking mechanism 22 to reset, so that the limiting member 12 continues to lock the movable rod 18.
[0037] As an example, the locking mechanism 22 may include a magnet seat 221 and a conical head 222; a central through hole 223 that cooperates with the movable rod 18 is provided at the center position of the magnet seat 221; a accommodating cavity 224 is provided inside the conical head 222, and a matching groove 225 is provided on the side wall of the conical head 222; the limiting member 12 is provided in the accommodating cavity 224.
[0038] The limiting groove 11 is provided on the movable rod 18 . The limiting groove 11 is specifically an inwardly concave annular groove. The inwardly concave annular groove is provided at a circumferential position of the movable rod 18 .
[0039] Based on the above structure, when the locking mechanism 22 is pushed by the second spring 23 to contact the end of the second cavity 212, one end of the limit member 12 is inserted into the concave annular groove, and the other end is inserted into the matching groove 225, thereby locking the movable rod 18. When the locking mechanism 22 is pulled to the end away from the second cavity 212 by the energized second coil 24, the accommodating cavity 224 will drive the limit member 12 to move in the direction away from the second cavity 212. During the movement, the limit member 12 will gradually disengage from the concave annular groove, thereby unlocking the movable rod 18.
[0040] As an example, the limiting member 12 may be a spherical ball, and the size of the matching groove 225 is slightly larger than the diameter of the spherical ball.
[0041] Based on the above structure, by setting the limit member 12 to a spherical shape, the control of the locking mechanism 22 can be facilitated, and the matching groove 225 is set to be slightly larger than the diameter of the spherical ball. During the unlocking process, the spherical ball can quickly move from the concave annular groove to the position of the matching groove 225.
[0042] As an example, there are multiple matching grooves 225, which are evenly spaced along the outer side surface of the conical head 222, at least one spherical ball is provided, and the number of matching grooves 225 is not less than the number of spherical balls.
[0043] Based on the above structure, by providing a plurality of matching grooves 225 , the spherical balls can be quickly locked in position with the matching grooves 225 when limiting.
[0044] As an example, the first coil 14 and the second coil 24 are connected in parallel and then connected to a control power supply. After the control power supply is energized, the electromagnetic attraction of the second coil 24 on the locking mechanism 22 can overcome the effects of various forces to move the locking mechanism 22 upward, thereby ensuring that the movable rod 18 is unlocked smoothly.
[0045] As an example, the end of the second cavity 212 contacts the end of the first frame 13 , and a through hole for the driving rod 18 to pass through is provided on both the first cavity 211 and the second cavity 212 .
[0046] As an example, the maximum distance between the side wall of the movable rod 18 and the side wall of the second cavity 212 is not less than the diameter of the spherical steel ball. This can facilitate subsequent unlocking.
[0047] The working process of the present invention is as follows: the electromagnet is in a free state ( Figure 2 ) (no power), the locking mechanism 22 is in contact with the lower part of the fixed base 21 under the action of the pressing force of the second spring 23. At this position, one side of the spherical ball contacts the inner wall of the fixed base 21, and the other side contacts the groove of the movable rod 18. At this time, the movable rod 18 is constrained by the spherical ball and cannot move downward, and is in a self-locking state; when the control power is turned on, the first coil 14 and the second coil 24 are energized at the same time, and the locking mechanism 22 overcomes its own gravity under the action of the electromagnetic attraction of the second coil 24 and the force of the second spring 23 and moves upward to reach the middle position ( Figure 3 ), during this process, the spherical ball 5 moves a short distance to the outside of the locking mechanism 22, leaving the groove of the movable rod 18 and no longer in contact with the inner side of the fixed base 21. At this time, the downward movement of the movable rod 18 is not constrained; the electromagnet reaches the middle position ( Figure 4), the moving iron core 16 moves downward under the action of the electromagnetic attraction of the first coil 14 and the static iron core 15, driving the moving rod 18 fixedly connected thereto to move downward to the touch position, thereby triggering the electrical appliance to work.
[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. An electromagnet with a self-locking function, characterized in that: It includes a moving part and a self-locking part; the self-locking part is sleeved on the moving part, and the moving part is provided with a limiting groove that cooperates with the self-locking part; the self-locking part is provided with a limiting member that can cooperate with the limiting groove; by energizing or discharging, the limiting member and the limiting groove work together to unlock or lock the moving part.
2. The electromagnet with self-locking function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving part includes a first frame, a first coil, a static iron core, a moving iron core, a first spring and a moving rod; the static iron core and the moving iron core are coaxially arranged, a through hole that cooperates with the moving rod is provided at the center of the static iron core, and the moving rod is fixedly connected to the moving iron core near the center position; the first coil is arranged in the first frame, the first frame is arranged around the static iron core and the moving iron core, and the first spring is sleeved on the moving rod between the static iron core and the moving iron core.
3. The electromagnet with self-locking function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The self-locking part includes a fixed base and a locking mechanism, and a first cavity and a second cavity are provided in the fixed base. The first cavity and the second cavity are coaxially arranged, the first cavity is a cylindrical structure, the second cavity is a diverging structure, and the flared part of the second cavity is connected to the first cavity; the locking mechanism is arranged in the first cavity and the second cavity, and a second spring is provided at the end of the first cavity away from the second cavity, and the second spring is connected to one end of the locking mechanism; the connecting end of the locking mechanism and the second spring is made of ferromagnetic material, and a second coil is provided on the outside of the second cavity.
4. An electromagnet with a self-locking function as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The locking mechanism includes a magnet seat and a conical head; a central through hole that cooperates with the moving rod is provided at the center position of the magnet seat; an accommodating cavity is provided inside the conical head, and a matching groove is provided on the side wall of the conical head; the limiting member is provided in the accommodating cavity.
5. The electromagnet with self-locking function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting groove is provided on the movable rod, and the limiting groove is specifically an inwardly concave annular groove, and the inwardly concave annular groove is provided at a circumferential position of the movable rod.
6. The electromagnet with self-locking function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting member is a spherical ball, and the size of the matching groove is larger than the diameter of the spherical ball.
7. An electromagnet with a self-locking function as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: There are multiple matching grooves, which are evenly spaced along the outer side of the conical head. There is at least one spherical ball, and the number of the matching grooves is not less than the number of the spherical balls.
8. The electromagnet with self-locking function according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first coil and the second coil are connected in parallel and then connected to a control power supply. When the control power supply is energized, the electromagnetic attraction of the second coil on the locking mechanism can cause the locking mechanism to move upward.
9. An electromagnet with a self-locking function as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The end of the second cavity is in conflict with the end of the first frame, and both the first cavity and the second cavity are provided with a through hole for the driving rod to pass through.
10. The electromagnet with self-locking function according to claim 9, characterized in that: The maximum distance between the side wall of the movable rod and the side wall of the second cavity is not less than the diameter of the spherical steel ball.