Five-prevention interlocking structure of switch cabinet

Abstract

A switch cabinet five-prevention interlocking structure disclosed by the present invention comprises an isolation interlocking plate, an interlocking indicating member, a switching-on interlocking plate and an interlocking limiting member which are arranged between a circuit breaker mechanism and an isolation mechanism, the isolation interlocking plate is movably arranged on the isolation mechanism, the switching-on interlocking plate is movably arranged between the isolation interlocking plate and a switching-on knob, and the interlocking limiting member is arranged between the interlocking indicating member and the switching-on interlocking plate. Interlocking is achieved between the isolation mechanism and the circuit breaker mechanism through simple mechanical movement cooperation of the isolation interlocking plate, the closing interlocking plate, the interlocking indicating piece and other components, the structure is compact and easy to maintain, the number of related parts is small, the failure rate is low, the maintenance cost is low, the five-prevention interlocking design converts five-prevention requirements into physical limiting conditions through a precise mechanical interlocking structure, and the five-prevention requirement is met. The operation sequence is forcibly constrained through a mechanical interlocking mechanism, and the method has the core advantages of high reliability, intuition and low maintenance requirements, is suitable for power equipment scenes with extremely high requirements on safety and stability, and effectively reduces the risk of manual operation accidents.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of switch cabinet interlocking, and in particular to a five-protection interlocking structure of a switch cabinet. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the primary function of switchgear is to open and close, control, and protect electrical equipment during power generation, transmission, distribution, and conversion in power systems. Switchgear primarily consists of circuit breakers, three-position disconnectors, operating mechanisms, transformers, and various protective devices. Existing switchgear is structured with the disconnector at the top and the circuit breaker at the bottom. The three-position disconnector combines the functions of a disconnector and a grounding switch into one, using the isolation structure to switch between the connection, isolation, and grounding positions.

[0003] To ensure safety during operation, switchgear with upper isolators and lower circuit breakers must meet the following interlocking requirements: 1. The isolator cannot be operated when the circuit breaker mechanism is in the closed position; 2. The circuit breaker mechanism cannot be closed and the lower chamber door cannot be opened when the isolator is in the open position; 3. The grounding operation cannot be performed and the lower chamber door cannot be opened when the isolator is in the closed position; 4. The closing operation cannot be performed when the isolator is in the grounding position; 5. The lower chamber door can only be opened when the isolator is in the grounding position and the circuit breaker mechanism is closed; and when the lower chamber door is open, the circuit breaker cannot be opened and the isolator cannot be opened or closed. Existing switchgear also uses some interlocking devices to achieve the above requirements, but the existing five-protection interlocking system is relatively complex in overall structure and has unreliable interlocking performance. In particular, the interlocking relationship between the isolator mechanism and the circuit breaker mechanism in the upper isolator and lower circuit breaker layout is a relatively complex and difficult aspect of the five-protection interlocking system, requiring further improvement. To this end, during the operation of the switchgear, in order to meet the above-mentioned safety operation interlocking requirements, it is necessary to develop and design a five-protection interlocking structure that meets the interlocking requirements based on the switchgear at this stage, which can reliably realize the interlocking requirements between the circuit breaker operating mechanism and the isolation operating mechanism, and between the two operating mechanisms and the lower chamber door, in order to improve the five-protection interlocking function of the switchgear. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art that the interlocking relationship between the isolation mechanism and the circuit breaker mechanism of the upper isolation and lower circuit breaker layout is difficult to achieve, the overall structure is relatively complex, and the interlocking performance is unreliable, thereby providing a switch cabinet five-protection interlocking structure with a compact structure and easy maintenance, which realizes interlocking cooperation between the circuit breaker mechanism and the isolation mechanism, enforces the operation sequence through a mechanical interlocking mechanism, and improves the five-protection interlocking function of the switch cabinet.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a switch cabinet five-protection interlock structure, which is arranged between the isolation mechanism, circuit breaker mechanism and lower chamber door of the switch cabinet. The isolation mechanism includes a rotatable isolation operating shaft and a grounding operating shaft, and the circuit breaker mechanism includes a rotatable closing knob and an opening knob. A first interlock assembly is arranged between the circuit breaker mechanism and the isolation mechanism, and the first interlock assembly includes:

[0006] an isolation interlock plate movably disposed on the isolation mechanism, wherein the isolation interlock plate has an upper position in which the isolation operating shaft and the grounding operating shaft are blocked by the isolation interlock plate, and a lower position in which the isolation operating shaft and the grounding operating shaft are exposed by the isolation interlock plate;

[0007] An interlock indicator is linked to the main shaft of the isolation mechanism and has three positions: closed, open, and grounded. When the isolation mechanism is driven, the interlock indicator blocks the grounding operating shaft in the closed position and blocks the isolation operating shaft in the grounding position. In the open position, the isolation interlock plate is locked in the lower state.

[0008] a closing interlock plate, movably arranged between the isolation interlock plate and the closing knob, the isolation interlock plate being located on an upward path of the closing interlock plate, and abutting against the closing interlock plate to form a first limit fit to restrict the rotation of the closing knob when the isolation interlock plate is locked in a lower position;

[0009] The interlocking limiter is linked to the main shaft of the circuit breaker mechanism. When the circuit breaker mechanism is closed, the interlocking limiter is driven to abut against the closing interlock plate to form a second limit fit to lock the isolation interlock plate in the upper state.

[0010] In the aforementioned five-protection interlocking structure for switchgear, the interlock indicator is coaxially linked with an isolation plate. The motion trajectory of the isolation plate intersects with the motion trajectory of the isolation interlock plate. When the interlock indicator rotates to the open position, the isolation plate presses against the isolation interlock plate, forcing it to move downward and remain in the lower position.

[0011] In the above-mentioned five-protection interlocking structure of the switch cabinet, the isolation interlock plate includes an upper locking plate portion for simultaneously blocking the isolation operating shaft and the grounding operating shaft, and a lower locking plate portion bent and extended from the upper locking plate portion and arranged between the isolation dividing plate and the closing interlock plate. The upper locking plate portion and the lower locking plate portion form a central makeshift groove surrounding the isolation dividing plate. One side edge of the lower locking plate portion cooperates and abuts against the isolation dividing plate, and the other side edge of the lower locking plate portion cooperates and abuts against the upper end of the closing interlock plate.

[0012] In the above-mentioned five-protection interlocking structure of the switch cabinet, an elastic component is provided between the closing interlock plate and the circuit breaker mechanism. Under the action of the elastic component, the closing interlock plate has a tendency to push the isolation interlock plate to move upward; when the handle is inserted into the isolation operating shaft or the grounding operating shaft, the isolation interlock plate is pressed by the handle and limited to the lower position.

[0013] In the above-mentioned five-protection interlocking structure of the switch cabinet, a first limiting structure is provided between the closing knob and the closing interlock plate. The first limiting structure includes a closing dial plate linked to the closing knob, and a first limiting plate bent and formed on one side of the closing interlock plate. When the isolation interlock plate and the closing interlock plate form a first limiting cooperation, the first limiting plate is driven to move downward and is located on the rotation path of the closing dial plate.

[0014] In the above-mentioned five-protection interlocking structure of the switch cabinet, a second limiting structure is provided between the interlocking limiter and the closing interlocking plate. The second limiting structure includes a cam portion arranged on the interlocking limiter and a second limiting plate bent and formed on one side of the closing interlocking plate. When the circuit breaker is closed, the interlocking limiter drives the cam portion to rotate to the downward path of the second limiting plate. When the second limiting plate is pressed against the cam portion, the closing interlocking plate locks the isolation interlocking plate in the upper position.

[0015] In the above-mentioned five-protection interlock structure of the switch cabinet, a second interlock assembly is provided between the circuit breaker mechanism and the isolation mechanism and the lower chamber door, and the second interlock assembly includes:

[0016] A grounding interlocking plate is staggered with the isolation interlocking plate and is movably arranged on the isolation mechanism;

[0017] The trip interlock plate is movably arranged between the grounding interlock plate and the lower chamber door, and is provided with an interlock rod extending downwardly and connected to the lower chamber door; an elastic component is provided between the trip interlock plate and the circuit breaker mechanism, and the trip interlock plate has a tendency to push the grounding interlock plate to move upward under the action of the elastic component;

[0018] The grounding plate is coaxially linked to the grounding operating shaft, and the grounding operating shaft drives the grounding plate to switch and rotate between the grounding open position and the grounding closed position. When the grounding plate is in the grounding open position, it is located on the upward path of the grounding interlock plate. The grounding plate and the grounding interlock plate are abutted against each other to form a third limit fit to block the upward movement of the opening interlock plate to limit the opening of the lower chamber door.

[0019] In the above-mentioned five-protection interlocking structure of the switch cabinet, the second interlocking component includes a trip limit plate which is linked to the trip interlock plate and extends to one side of the interlock limit piece. The movement trajectories of the trip limit plate and the interlock limit piece intersect. When the circuit breaker mechanism is tripped, the interlock limit piece is driven to move to the upward path of the trip limit plate. The interlock limit piece and the trip limit plate are abutted against each other to form a fourth limit fit that blocks the trip interlock plate from moving upward to limit the opening of the lower chamber door.

[0020] In the above-mentioned five-protection interlocking structure of the switch cabinet, the trip knob is arranged on the moving path of the trip interlock plate. When the lower chamber door is opened, the trip interlock plate elastically moves upward and connects with the trip knob to form a fifth limit fit that limits the rotation of the trip knob, and pushes the grounding interlock plate upward.

[0021] In the above-mentioned five-protection interlocking structure of the switch cabinet, a third limiting structure for forming a fifth limiting fit is provided between the disconnect knob and the disconnect interlock plate. The third limiting structure includes a disconnect dial plate linked to the disconnect knob, and a third limiting plate bent and formed on one side of the disconnect interlock plate. When the lower chamber door is opened, the disconnect interlock plate drives the third limiting plate to move up and be stuck on the rotation path of the disconnect dial plate, and when the lower chamber door is closed, it drives the third limiting plate to move down away from the disconnect dial plate to release the fifth limiting fit.

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0023] 1. In the five-protection interlocking structure of the switch cabinet provided by the present invention, the interlock indicator rotates as the working state of the isolation mechanism changes, and the interlock limiter rotates as the working state of the circuit breaker mechanism changes, thereby providing clear mechanical position feedback and reducing the risk of misjudgment. The isolation mechanism realizes the interlocking between the isolation position and the grounding position through the interlock indicator, and locks the isolation interlock plate in the lower state through the interlock indicator when the isolation mechanism is opened. In this state, the isolation interlock plate and the closing interlock plate abut against each other to form a first limit fit that restricts the rotation of the closing knob, thereby preventing the circuit breaker from closing and avoiding load operation; and when the circuit breaker is closed, the closing interlock plate moves up to push the isolation interlock plate to block the isolation operating shaft and the grounding operating shaft, and through the interlock The limiter and the closing interlock plate offset each other to form a second limit fit that limits the isolation interlock plate to the upper state, ensuring that isolation or grounding operations cannot be performed, thereby preventing the disconnector from opening and closing under load. It can be seen that the isolation mechanism and the circuit breaker mechanism are interlocked through the simple mechanical movement of components such as the isolation interlock plate, the closing interlock plate, and the interlock indicator. The structure is compact and easy to maintain, with few related parts, low failure rate, and low maintenance cost. This five-protection interlock design converts the five-protection requirements into physical restrictions through a precise mechanical interlocking structure, and enforces the operation sequence through a mechanical interlocking mechanism. Its core advantages lie in high reliability, intuitiveness, and low maintenance requirements. It is suitable for power equipment scenarios with extremely high requirements for safety and stability, and effectively reduces the risk of human operation accidents.

[0024] 2. In the five-protection interlocking structure of the switch cabinet provided by the present invention, the interlocking indicator has an isolation dividing plate arranged in a coaxial linkage. When the isolating mechanism is in the opening state, the isolation dividing plate and the interlocking indicator are driven to the opening position. The interlocking indicator can indicate the working position status of the isolating switch, and the isolation dividing plate can lock the isolation interlock plate after moving downward in the lower state, so that the isolation interlock plate is against the upper end of the closing interlock plate to form a second limit fit. At this time, the closing interlock plate cannot move upward under the limiting action of the isolation interlock plate, and limits the rotation of the closing knob, thereby improving the synchronization and certainty of the interlocking action, and achieving the purpose of limiting the closing of the circuit breaker when the isolating switch is in the opening state, so as to prevent the circuit breaker from being accidentally closed and operated with load, and meet the five-protection operation requirements.

[0025] 3. In the five-protection interlocking structure of the switch cabinet provided by the present invention, the movement state of the isolation dividing plate directly reflects the actual position of the isolating switch, and the isolation interlocking plate is driven by the isolation dividing plate to move down and be locked in the lower state. Even if the isolation interlocking plate fails to move down actively due to mechanical jamming, the isolation dividing plate can still force it to the interlocking position to prevent "false opening" from causing interlocking failure, and when the isolation mechanism is closed or grounded, the isolation dividing plate will be driven to disengage from the isolation interlocking plate, thereby releasing the state lock of the isolation interlocking plate. This structural setting realizes the forced interlocking and mechanical anti-foolproofing of the opening operation through the interference design of the movement trajectory of the isolation dividing plate and the isolation interlocking plate, simplifies the operation logic, and ensures that "the circuit breaker must not be closed if the isolation is not opened."

[0026] 4. In the five-protection interlock structure of the switch cabinet provided by the present invention, when the grounding operating shaft drives the grounding dial plate to the grounding position (the isolating switch is not grounded), the grounding dial plate and the grounding interlock plate abut against each other to form a third limit fit to block the opening of the opening interlock plate and restrict the opening of the lower chamber door. The opening interlock plate always has a tendency to move upward due to the action of the elastic component, but is restricted by the grounding interlock plate and cannot release the lock of the lower chamber door. Therefore, only when the isolation mechanism completes the grounding operation, the grounding dial plate is driven to release the limit of the opening interlock plate, and then The grounding interlock plate will release the trip interlock plate to allow the lower chamber door to open; the advantage of this design is that the simple mechanical movement of the grounding split plate, grounding interlock plate and trip interlock plate and the lower chamber door is introduced into the isolation mechanism to form a forced interlock mechanism between the isolation switch and the lower chamber door. Through pure mechanical interlocking, there is no need to rely on human judgment or electrical signals to ensure the absoluteness of safe operation. Through mechanical interlocking, it is ensured that when the isolation switch is not grounded, the lower chamber door cannot be opened, ensuring the safety of personnel and meeting the five-prevention safety regulations of "preventing accidental entry into live intervals".

[0027] 5. In the five-protection interlocking structure of the switch cabinet provided by the present invention, when the circuit breaker is opened, the interlocking limiter is driven to rotate to the path of the opening limit plate, thereby blocking the opening interlock plate from moving upward to limit the opening of the lower chamber door. On the basis of the above-mentioned interlocking system, the opening interlocking plate and the interlocking limiter are interlocked by introducing the opening limit plate, so that the lower chamber door can be forcibly locked in both the circuit breaker opening state and the disconnector ungrounded state, further enhancing the reliability and safety of the "five-protection" interlocking, realizing the interlocking between the circuit breaker mechanism and the isolation mechanism and the lower chamber door, and achieving a double mechanical interlocking effect. Its safety far exceeds that of a single-point interlock, and it can absolutely prevent accidental entry into the energized room. The lower chamber door can only be unlocked when the circuit breaker is closed and the disconnector is grounded. This ensures that the internal components can only be accessed after the equipment is completely powered off and grounded, meeting the five-protection safety operation specifications.

[0028] 6. In the five-protection interlocking structure of the switch cabinet provided by the present invention, when the lower chamber door is open, the trip interlock plate is automatically triggered by the elastic component and drives the upper action of the grounding interlock plate, directly limiting the operation path of the trip knob and the grounding dial plate, ensuring that erroneous operation cannot be performed. This design conforms to the characteristics of "active locking" of mechanical interlocking, and is more direct and effective than prompt locking. In summary, the core advantage of the lower chamber door interlocking design is that it realizes multiple protections through mechanical forced locking, and has both high reliability and low maintenance cost. Its interlocking design embodies the mechanical interlocking that guarantees the operation logic with physical constraints, ensuring that the isolating switch remains in the grounded state and the circuit breaker remains in the tripped state during maintenance, which complies with the safety process of "power outage-electricity test-grounding-signaling" and has important application value in the safety protection system of high-voltage switch cabinet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the specific implementation or the description of the prior art.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of the five-protection interlocking structure of the switch cabinet provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the isolation mechanism of the present invention in the isolation closing position;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the isolation mechanism of the present invention in the isolation connection position;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the isolation mechanism of the present invention in the isolation open position;

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the isolation mechanism after the interlock indicator is hidden;

[0035] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the interlocking between the isolation mechanism and the circuit breaker mechanism of the present invention Figure 1 , that is, the isolation mechanism restricts the circuit breaker mechanism from closing when it is in the open position;

[0036] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the interlocking between the isolation mechanism and the circuit breaker mechanism of the present invention Figure 2 ; That is, the operation of the isolation mechanism is restricted when the circuit breaker mechanism is closed;

[0037] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the interlocking of the isolation mechanism and circuit breaker mechanism with the lower chamber door of the present invention Figure 3 ; That is, when the circuit breaker mechanism is open and the isolation mechanism is not grounded, the lower chamber door is restricted from opening;

[0038] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lower chamber door interlocking structure is shown;

[0039] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the interlocking of the isolation mechanism and circuit breaker mechanism with the lower chamber door of the present invention Figure 4 ; That is, when the lower chamber door is opened, the circuit breaker mechanism and the isolation mechanism opening operation are restricted;

[0040] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the lower chamber door and the interlocking rod of the present invention.

[0041] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: A. Isolation mechanism; B. Circuit breaker mechanism; C. Lower chamber door; 1. Isolation interlock plate; 11. Upper locking plate; 12. Lower locking plate; 2. Interlock indicator; 3. Isolation dividing plate; 4. Closing interlock plate; 41. First limit plate; 42. Second limit plate; 5. Interlock limiter; 51. Cam portion; 6. Earthing interlock plate; 7. Opening interlock plate; 71. Third limit plate; 72. Opening limit plate; 73. Interlocking rod; 81. Isolation operating shaft; 82. Earthing operating shaft; 83. Earthing dial plate; 91. Closing knob; 92. Closing dial plate; 93. Opening knob; 94. Opening dial plate; 100. Elastic component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0045] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0046] Example

[0047] The present embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0048] This embodiment provides Figure 1-11 The five-protection interlock structure of a switch cabinet shown in the figure is arranged between the isolation mechanism, circuit breaker mechanism and lower chamber door of the switch cabinet (A represents the isolation mechanism, B represents the circuit breaker structure, and C represents the lower chamber door in the figure). The isolation mechanism is used to drive the three-position disconnector to switch between the three positions of isolation closing, isolation opening and earthing closing. It includes a rotatable isolation operating shaft 81 and an earthing operating shaft 82. The isolation closing or opening operation of the isolation mechanism is realized by the isolation operating shaft 81, and the earthing closing or opening operation of the isolation mechanism is realized by the isolation operating shaft 81; the circuit breaker mechanism includes a rotatable closing knob 91 and an opening knob 93. The circuit breaker mechanism is complete. After the closing energy storage is completed, the closing half-shaft is driven to rotate for closing by rotating the closing knob 91, thereby releasing the stored energy to drive the output shaft to output the closing rotation force to achieve the closing operation of the circuit breaker. After the circuit breaker mechanism completes the opening energy storage, the opening half-shaft is driven to rotate for opening by rotating the opening knob 93, thereby releasing the stored energy to drive the output shaft to output the opening rotation force to achieve the opening operation of the circuit breaker. Among them, the five-protection interlocking structure of the switch cabinet of this embodiment includes a first interlocking assembly arranged between the circuit breaker mechanism and the isolation mechanism, and the first interlocking assembly includes: an isolation interlock plate 1, an interlock indicator 2, a closing interlock plate 4 and an interlock limiter 5, and the specific arrangement is as follows:

[0049] The isolation interlock plate 1 is movably arranged on the isolation mechanism, and has an upper state in which it moves upward to block the isolation operating shaft 81 and the grounding operating shaft 82, and a lower state in which it moves downward to expose the isolation operating shaft 81 and the grounding operating shaft 82;

[0050] The interlock indicator 2 is linked to the main shaft of the isolation mechanism and is driven by the isolation mechanism to switch and rotate between the three positions of closing, opening and grounding, and is used to indicate the three positions of closing, opening and grounding of the three-position disconnector. When the interlock indicator 2 is in the closing position, it blocks the grounding operating shaft 82 to prevent the grounding operating shaft 82 from performing the grounding closing operation; when the interlock indicator 2 is in the grounding position, it blocks the isolation operating shaft 81 to prevent the isolation operating shaft 81 from performing the isolation closing operation; and when the interlock indicator 2 is in the opening position, it drives the isolation interlock plate 1 to move downward and lock it in the lower position, at which time the blocking of the isolation operating shaft 81 and the grounding operating shaft 82 is released;

[0051] The closing interlock plate 4 is movably arranged between the isolation interlock plate 1 and the closing knob 91. The isolation interlock plate 1 is located on the upward path of the closing interlock plate 4. When the isolation interlock plate 1 is locked in the lower position, it abuts against the closing interlock plate 4 to form a first limit fit to restrict the rotation of the closing knob 91.

[0052] The interlock limiter 5 is linked to the main shaft of the circuit breaker mechanism. When the circuit breaker mechanism is closed, the interlock limiter 5 is driven to abut against the closing interlock plate 4 to form a second limit fit to limit the isolation interlock plate 1 to the upper state.

[0053] In the above embodiment, the interlock indicator 2 rotates as the working state of the isolation mechanism changes, and the interlock limiter 5 rotates as the working state of the circuit breaker mechanism changes, thereby providing clear mechanical position feedback and reducing the risk of misjudgment. The isolation mechanism realizes interlocking between the isolation position and the grounding position through the interlock indicator 2; and Figure 6 When the isolation mechanism is opened, the isolation interlock plate 1 is restricted to the lower state through the interlock indicator 2. In this state, the isolation interlock plate 1 and the closing interlock plate 4 abut against each other to form a first limit fit to limit the rotation of the closing knob 91, thereby preventing the circuit breaker from closing and avoiding load operation; and reference Figure 7 When the circuit breaker is closed, the closing interlock plate 4 moves up and pushes the isolation interlock plate 1 to block the isolation operating shaft 81 and the grounding operating shaft 82, and forms a second limit fit with the closing interlock plate 4 through the interlock limiter 5 to limit the isolation interlock plate to the upper state, ensuring that isolation or grounding operations cannot be performed, thereby preventing the disconnector from being opened and closed under load. It can be seen that the isolation mechanism and the circuit breaker mechanism are interlocked through simple mechanical movement coordination of components such as the isolation interlock plate 1, the closing interlock plate 4, and the interlock indicator 2. The structure is compact and easy to maintain, with few related parts, low failure rate, and low maintenance cost. This five-protection interlocking design converts the five-protection requirements into physical constraints through a precise mechanical interlocking structure, and enforces the operation sequence through a mechanical interlocking mechanism. Its core advantages lie in high reliability, intuitiveness, and low maintenance requirements. It is suitable for power equipment scenarios with extremely high requirements on safety and stability, and effectively reduces the risk of human operation accidents.

[0054] Combine Figure 1-5As shown, the interlock indicator 2 has an isolation dividing plate 3 arranged in a coaxial linkage. The isolation dividing plate 3 is arranged on the inner side of the interlock indicator 2 and is driven by the main shaft of the isolation mechanism to rotate. The movement trajectory of the isolation dividing plate 3 intersects with the movement trajectory of the isolation interlock plate 1. With this structural arrangement, the isolation mechanism will drive the isolation dividing plate 3 and the interlock indicator 2 to rotate to the opening position when the disconnector is opened. The interlock indicator 2 can indicate the working position status of the disconnector, and the isolation dividing plate 3 presses the isolation interlock plate 1, thereby locking the downward-moving isolation interlock plate 1 in the lower state, and then making the isolation interlock plate 1 press against the upper end of the closing interlock plate 4 to form a second limit fit. At this time, the closing interlock plate 4 cannot move upward under the limiting action of the isolation interlock plate 1, and limits the rotation of the closing knob 91, thereby improving the synchronization and certainty of the interlocking action, and achieving the purpose of limiting the closing of the circuit breaker when the disconnector is opened, so as to prevent the circuit breaker from being accidentally closed under load operation, and meet the five-protection operation requirements.

[0055] The following combination Figure 1-7 The specific interlocking method between the isolation mechanism and the circuit breaker mechanism is described in detail:

[0056] In this embodiment, the isolation interlock plate 1 and the closing interlock plate 4 are respectively moved and arranged on the operating panels of the isolation mechanism and the circuit breaker mechanism through a guide structure, and the movement directions of the two are consistent. The guide structure includes a plurality of guide columns respectively arranged on the operating panels of the circuit breaker mechanism and the isolation mechanism, and a plurality of guide holes correspondingly arranged on the closing interlock plate 4 and the isolation interlock plate 1 and cooperating with the guide columns. An elastic component 100 is provided between the closing interlock plate 4 and the circuit breaker mechanism. The elastic component 100 includes a positioning screw for fixing the closing interlock plate 4 and a spring connected between the positioning screw and the guide column, so that the closing interlock plate 4 has a tendency to push the isolation interlock plate 1 to move upward under the action of the elastic component 100. What needs to be noted during the operation process is: when the isolation mechanism performs closing or grounding operations, it is necessary to manually push the isolation interlock plate 1 downward to expose the isolation operating shaft 81 and the grounding operating shaft 82, and then insert the handle into the isolation operating shaft 81 or the grounding operating shaft 82. Although the isolation interlock plate 1 has an upward reset tendency under the action of the elastic component 100, it cannot move upward because it is pressed by the handle, so that the isolation interlock plate 1 is limited in the lower position by the handle, and then the isolation interlock plate 1 pushes the closing interlock plate 4 downward to limit and lock the closing knob 91 to limit the closing of the circuit breaker, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing the circuit breaker from being accidentally closed when the isolation operating shaft 81 or the grounding operating shaft 82 is operated, and avoiding accidents caused by misoperation.

[0057] For further optimization, refer to Figure 2-4The isolation interlocking plate 1 includes an upper locking plate portion 11 for simultaneously blocking the isolation operating shaft 81 and the grounding operating shaft 82, and a lower locking plate portion 12 bent and extended from the upper locking plate portion 11 and arranged between the isolation dividing plate 3 and the closing interlocking plate 4. The upper locking plate portion 11 and the lower locking plate portion 12 form a central makeshift groove surrounding the isolation dividing plate 3. One side edge of the lower locking plate portion 12 cooperates and abuts against the isolation dividing plate 3, and the other side edge of the lower locking plate portion 12 cooperates and abuts against the upper end of the closing interlocking plate 4. In summary, when the isolation mechanism is in the isolation closing position or the grounding closing position, it will drive the isolation dividing plate 3 to rotate in the middle giving way slot and separate from the isolation interlocking plate 1, thereby avoiding the isolation interlocking plate 1, and the closing interlocking plate 4 moves upward under the action of the spring, pushing the isolation interlocking plate 1 in contact with it to move to the upper state, at which time the circuit breaker can be closed; and when the isolation mechanism is in the isolation opening position, the isolation interlocking plate 1 will also move downward by itself under the action of gravity, and the real position of the disconnector is directly reflected according to the movement state of the isolation dividing plate 3. When the isolation dividing plate 3 rotates to the opening position, The isolation interlock plate 1 is locked in the lower state. Even if the isolation interlock plate 1 fails to move downward actively due to mechanical jamming, the isolation dividing plate 3 can still force it to the lower state to prevent "false opening" from causing interlock failure, and when the isolation mechanism is closed or grounded, the isolation dividing plate 3 will be driven to disengage from the isolation interlock plate 1, thereby releasing the state lock of the isolation interlock plate 1. This structural setting, through the interference design of the motion trajectory of the isolation dividing plate 3 and the isolation interlock plate 1, realizes the forced interlocking and mechanical anti-foolproofing of the opening operation, simplifies the operating logic, and ensures that "the circuit breaker must not be closed if the isolation is not opened."

[0058] like Figure 6 As shown, a first limiting structure is provided between the closing knob 91 and the closing interlock plate 4, and the first limiting structure includes a closing dial plate 92 ( Figure 6 The closing dial plate 92 is shown schematically through a perspective structure), and the first limit plate 41 is bent and formed on one side of the closing interlock plate 4. When the isolation mechanism is opened, the isolation interlock plate 1 and the closing interlock plate 4 form a first limit match and drive the first limit plate 41 to move downward to the rotation path of the closing dial plate 92, thereby limiting the closing rotation of the closing knob 91, that is, achieving the interlocking purpose of preventing the circuit breaker from closing when the isolation switch is in the opening position.

[0059] like Figure 7As shown, a second limiting structure is provided between the interlocking limiter 5 and the closing interlocking plate 4. The interlocking limiter 5 is a crank arm structure linked to the main shaft of the circuit breaker, that is, when the circuit breaker mechanism is closed or opened, the interlocking limiter 5 is driven to rotate forward or reverse. The second limiting structure includes an arc-shaped cam portion 51 provided on the interlocking limiter 5 and a second limiting plate 42 bent and formed on one side of the closing interlocking plate 4. When the circuit breaker mechanism is closed, the interlocking limiter 5 drives the cam portion 51 to rotate forward or reverse. When the second limit plate 42 is positioned on the downward path, the second limit plate 42 is clamped by the limit to block the downward movement of the closing interlock plate 4. At this time, the closing interlock plate 4 pushes the isolation interlock plate 1 upward to block the isolation operating shaft 81 and the grounding operating shaft 82. Therefore, when the second limit plate 42 is pressed by the cam portion 51, the closing interlock plate 4 locks the isolation interlock plate 1 in the upper state to restrict the isolation mechanism from performing related operations, thereby achieving the interlocking purpose of preventing the disconnector from operating when the circuit breaker is closed. In addition, when the circuit breaker structure is opened, it drives the interlock limiter 5 to disengage from the second limit plate 42, thereby releasing the limit cooperation between the interlock limiter 5 and the closing interlock plate 4, and the disconnector can now be operated normally.

[0060] In this embodiment, in order to realize the interlocking between the isolation mechanism and the circuit breaker mechanism and the lower chamber door and meet the interlocking requirement of preventing accidental entry into the live compartment, the Figure 6-10 As shown, a second interlocking assembly is provided between the circuit breaker mechanism and the isolation mechanism and the lower chamber door, and the second interlocking assembly includes:

[0061] The grounding interlock plate 6 is staggered with the isolation interlock plate 1 and is movably arranged on the isolation mechanism;

[0062] The opening interlock plate 7 is movably disposed between the grounding interlock plate 6 and the lower chamber door, and is provided with an interlock rod 73 extending downwardly and connected to the lower chamber door. An elastic component 100 is disposed between the opening interlock plate 7 and the circuit breaker mechanism. Under the action of the elastic component 100, the opening interlock plate 7 has a tendency to push the grounding interlock plate 6 upward. Similar to the arrangement of the closing interlock plate 4 and the isolation interlock plate 1 described above, the opening interlock plate 7 and the grounding interlock plate 6 are also movably disposed on the operating panels of the isolation mechanism and the circuit breaker mechanism by means of a guide post and a guide hole. The elastic component 100 includes a positioning screw fixed to the opening interlock plate 7 and a spring connected between the positioning screw and the guide post.

[0063] The grounding plate 83 is coaxially linked to the grounding operating shaft 82, and the grounding operating shaft 82 drives the grounding plate 83 to switch and rotate between the grounding open position and the grounding closed position. When the grounding plate 83 is in the grounding open position, it is located on the upward path of the grounding interlock plate 6. The grounding plate 83 and the grounding interlock plate 6 are abutted to form a third limit fit to block the upward movement of the opening interlock plate 7 to limit the opening of the lower chamber door.

[0064] It is important to understand that reference Figure 11 As shown in the connection diagram of the lower chamber door and the interlocking rod, it can be seen that the lower chamber door and the interlocking rod 73 are plug-in fit. Specifically, the interlocking rod is provided with an inserting section with a "I"-shaped cross-section. The inserting section is movably connected to the U-shaped socket opened on the top edge of the lower chamber door, so that the interlocking rod 73 can be movably arranged relative to the lower chamber door. The lower chamber door needs to be lifted up and then pulled outward to disengage from the interlocking rod 73 and open. Therefore, when the opening interlocking plate 7 is limited and locked and cannot move upward, the opening of the lower chamber door will be restricted.

[0065] From the above structure, it can be seen that when the grounding operating shaft 82 drives the grounding plate 83 to the grounding position (the isolating switch is not grounded, refer to Figure 8-9 As shown in the figure), the grounding plate 83 and the grounding interlock plate 6 are abutted against each other to form a third limit fit that limits the upward movement of the opening interlock plate 7 and blocks the opening of the lower chamber door. According to the action of the elastic component 100, the opening interlock plate 7 always has a tendency to move upward, but the grounding interlock plate is on the upward path of the grounding interlock plate 6, which prevents the grounding interlock plate 6 from moving upward, thereby restricting the opening interlock plate 7 in contact with it from also being able to move upward, so that a limit fit is formed between the grounding interlock plate 6, the opening interlock plate 7 and the interlocking rod 73 to maintain a fixed relative position, that is, the opening interlock plate 7 is limited by the grounding interlock plate 6 and cannot release the lock of the lower chamber door, thereby restricting the lower chamber door from being able to move upward and open; therefore Only when the isolation mechanism completes the grounding operation and drives the grounding dial plate 83 to release the limit on the opening interlock plate 7, the grounding interlock plate 6 will release the opening interlock plate 7, allowing the lower chamber door to open; the advantage of this design is that the grounding dial plate, the grounding interlock plate 6 and the opening interlock plate 7 are introduced into the isolation mechanism to cooperate with the simple mechanical movement of the lower chamber door to form a forced interlocking mechanism between the isolation switch and the lower chamber door. Through pure mechanical interlocking, there is no need to rely on human judgment or electrical signals to ensure the absoluteness of safe operation. Through mechanical interlocking, it is ensured that when the isolation switch is not grounded, the lower chamber door cannot be opened, thereby ensuring the safety of personnel and meeting the five-prevention safety specification of "preventing accidental entry into live intervals".

[0066] It is further preferred that the second interlocking assembly includes a tripping limit plate 72 which is linked to the tripping interlocking plate 7 and extends to one side of the interlocking limit member 5. The tripping limit plate 72 intersects with the motion trajectory of the interlocking limit member 5. When the circuit breaker mechanism is tripped, the interlocking limit member 5 is driven to move to the upward path of the tripping limit plate 72. Figure 8 If locking closure 75 is in the state of being within the scope of the present invention, then lock closure 71 can be locked in the state of being within the scope of the present invention, and lock closure 71 can be locked in the state of being within the scope of the present invention. When in the open position, the above-mentioned interlocking structure can forcibly lock the lower chamber door and prevent it from opening, further enhancing the reliability and safety of the "five-protection" interlocking, realizing reliable interlocking between the circuit breaker mechanism and the isolation mechanism and the lower chamber door, and achieving a double mechanical interlocking effect. Its safety far exceeds that of a single-point interlocking, and it can absolutely prevent accidental entry into the energized room. Only when the following conditions are met at the same time: the circuit breaker is closed (the interlocking limiter 5 exits the limit on the open interlocking plate 7) and the isolating switch is grounded (the grounding interlocking plate 6 exits the limit on the open interlocking plate 7), and the grounding circuit is turned on, can the lower chamber door be unlocked, ensuring that the internal components can only be accessed after the equipment is completely powered off and grounded, meeting the five-protection safety operation specifications.

[0067] like Figure 8-10 As shown, the trip knob 93 is arranged on the moving path of the trip interlock plate 7. When the lower chamber door is opened, the trip interlock plate 7 elastically moves upward and connects with the trip knob 93 to form a fifth limit fit that limits the rotation of the trip knob 93, and pushes the grounding interlock plate 6 to move upward. With this structural arrangement, when the lower chamber door is opened, the trip interlock plate 7 elastically moves upward and directly presses against the trip knob 93, making it impossible to rotate, thereby preventing the trip knob 93 from being accidentally touched during maintenance and causing the circuit breaker to accidentally disconnect. When the disconnector is grounded and the circuit breaker remains in the closed state, the interlock arrangement between the circuit breaker mechanism and the isolation mechanism, that is, the interlock limiter 5 blocks the downward movement of the closing interlock plate 4, so that the closing interlock plate 4 is linked to the isolation interlock plate 1 and moves upward to block the isolation operating shaft 81 and the grounding operating shaft 82, thereby limiting the opening and closing operations of the isolation mechanism. The advantage of this design is that when the lower chamber door is opened, the above-mentioned interlocking structure design simultaneously blocks the opening of the circuit breaker and the opening and closing operations of the disconnector, avoiding the risk of failure of a single interlock, improving the reliability of the forced interlock, and playing a comprehensive protection of multiple linkages. The structure is simple and the failure rate is low. This design strictly follows the mandatory interlocking requirements of the five-protection interlocking, and realizes the rigid constraint of the operation sequence through mechanical interlocking, meeting the core requirement of "preventing misoperation" in the safety specification of high-voltage switchgear.

[0068] As a specific structural setting, a third limiting structure forming a fifth limiting match is provided between the opening knob 93 and the opening interlock plate 7. The third limiting structure includes an opening dial plate 94 ( Figure 10 The trip plate in the figure is shown schematically through a perspective structure), and the third limit plate 71 is bent and formed on one side of the trip interlock plate 7. When the lower chamber door is opened, the trip interlock plate 7 drives the third limit plate 71 to move up and get stuck on the rotation path of the trip plate 94, and when the lower chamber door is closed, it drives the third limit plate 71 to move down away from the trip plate 94 to release the fifth limit fit. When the lower chamber door is open, the trip interlock plate 7 is automatically triggered by the elastic component 100 and drives the grounding interlock plate to move upward, directly limiting the operating path of the trip knob 93, and achieving the interlocking purpose of "when the lower chamber door is open, the circuit breaker cannot be opened and the disconnector cannot be opened or closed". This design complies with the characteristics of "active locking" of mechanical interlocking, and is more direct and effective than prompt locking, ensuring that the disconnector remains grounded and the circuit breaker remains open during maintenance, in line with the safety process of "power outage-power test-grounding-signaling".

[0069] In summary, the core advantage of the five-protection interlocking structure design of the switch cabinet in this embodiment is that it realizes multiple protections through mechanical forced locking, with high reliability and low maintenance cost, while covering the key operational risk scenarios in the "five protections". Its interlocking design embodies the mechanical interlocking that uses physical constraints to ensure operational logic, and has important application value in the safety protection system of high-voltage switch cabinets.

[0070] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above descriptions are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A five-protection interlocking structure for a switch cabinet, arranged between an isolation mechanism, a circuit breaker mechanism, and a lower chamber door of the switch cabinet, wherein the isolation mechanism includes an isolation operating shaft (81) and a grounding operating shaft (82), and the circuit breaker mechanism includes a closing knob (91) and an opening knob (93); characterized in that: The invention comprises a first interlock assembly disposed between the circuit breaker mechanism and the isolation mechanism, wherein the first interlock assembly comprises: An isolation interlocking plate (1) is movably arranged on the isolation mechanism and has an upper state in which it moves upward to block the isolation operating shaft (81) and the grounding operating shaft (82), and a lower state in which it moves downward to expose the isolation operating shaft (81) and the grounding operating shaft (82); An interlock indicator (2) is linked to the main shaft of the isolation mechanism and is driven by the isolation mechanism to switch and rotate between the three positions of closing, opening and grounding. The interlock indicator (2) blocks the grounding operating shaft (82) when in the closing position and blocks the isolation operating shaft (81) when in the grounding position, and drives the isolation interlock plate (1) to move downward and lock in the lower position when in the opening position. A closing interlock plate (4) is movably arranged between the isolation interlock plate (1) and the closing knob (91); when the isolation interlock plate (1) is locked in a lower position, it abuts against the closing interlock plate (4) to form a first limit fit that restricts the rotation of the closing knob (91); An interlocking limiter (5) is linked to the main shaft of the circuit breaker mechanism, and when the circuit breaker mechanism is closed, the interlocking limiter (5) is driven to abut against the closing interlock plate (4) to form a second limit fit that locks the isolation interlock plate (1) in an upper state.

2. The switch cabinet five-protection interlocking structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The interlock indicator (2) has an isolation dividing plate (3) arranged in a coaxial linkage manner, the motion trajectory of the isolation dividing plate (3) intersects with the motion trajectory of the isolation interlock plate (1), and the isolation dividing plate (3) presses against the isolation interlock plate (1) when the interlock indicator (2) rotates to the opening position, so as to drive the isolation interlock plate (1) to move downward and remain in a lower position.

3. The switch cabinet five-protection interlocking structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The isolation interlock plate (1) comprises an upper locking plate portion (11) for simultaneously shielding the isolation operating shaft (81) and the grounding operating shaft (82), and a lower locking plate portion (12) bent and extended from the upper locking plate portion (11) and arranged between the isolation position plate (3) and the closing interlock plate (4). The upper locking plate portion (11) and the lower locking plate portion (12) form a central paving groove surrounding the isolation position plate (3). One side edge of the lower locking plate portion (12) cooperates with and abuts against the isolation position plate (3), and the other side edge of the lower locking plate portion (12) cooperates with and abuts against the upper end of the closing interlock plate (4).

4. The switch cabinet five-protection interlocking structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: An elastic component (100) is provided between the closing interlock plate (4) and the circuit breaker mechanism. Under the action of the elastic component (100), the closing interlock plate (4) has a tendency to push the isolation interlock plate (1) to move upward. When the isolation operating shaft (81) or the grounding operating shaft (82) is inserted through a handle, the isolation interlock plate (1) is pressed against by the handle and limited to a lower position.

5. The switch cabinet five-protection interlocking structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first limiting structure is provided between the closing knob (91) and the closing interlock plate (4), the first limiting structure comprising a closing dial plate (92) arranged in linkage with the closing knob (91), and a first limiting plate (41) bent and formed on one side of the closing interlock plate (4); when the isolation interlock plate (1) and the closing interlock plate (4) form a first limiting fit, the first limiting plate (41) is driven to move downward and be located on the rotation path of the closing dial plate (92).

6. The switch cabinet five-protection interlocking structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A second limiting structure is provided between the interlocking limiting member (5) and the closing interlocking plate (4), the second limiting structure comprising a cam portion (51) provided on the interlocking limiting member (5), and a second limiting plate (42) bent and formed on one side of the closing interlocking plate (4); when the circuit breaker mechanism is closed, the interlocking limiting member (5) drives the cam portion (51) to rotate to a downward path of the second limiting plate (42); and when the second limiting plate (42) is pressed against by the cam portion (51), the closing interlocking plate (4) locks the isolation interlocking plate (1) in an upper state.

7. The switch cabinet five-protection interlocking structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A second interlocking assembly is provided between the circuit breaker mechanism and the isolation mechanism and the lower chamber door, and the second interlocking assembly includes: A grounding interlocking plate (6) is staggered with the isolation interlocking plate (1) and movably arranged on the isolation mechanism; The opening interlock plate (7) is movably arranged between the grounding interlock plate (6) and the lower chamber door, and is provided with an interlock rod (73) extending downwardly and connected to the lower chamber door; an elastic component (100) is provided between the opening interlock plate (7) and the circuit breaker mechanism, and the opening interlock plate (7) has a tendency to push the grounding interlock plate (6) to move upward under the action of the elastic component (100); The grounding plate (83) is coaxially linked with the grounding operating shaft (82), and the grounding operating shaft (82) drives the grounding plate (83) to switch and rotate between the grounding open position and the grounding closed position. When the grounding plate (83) is in the grounding open position, it is located on the upward path of the grounding interlock plate (6). The grounding plate (83) and the grounding interlock plate (6) abut against each other to form a third limit fit that blocks the upward movement of the gate-opening interlock plate (7) to limit the opening of the lower chamber door.

8. The switch cabinet five-protection interlocking structure according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The second interlocking assembly comprises a switch-off limiting plate (72) which is linked to the switch-off interlocking plate (7) and extends toward one side of the interlocking limiting member (5); the movement trajectories of the switch-off limiting plate (72) and the interlocking limiting member (5) intersect; when the circuit breaker mechanism is switched off, the interlocking limiting member (5) is driven to move to the upward path of the switch-off limiting plate (72); and the interlocking limiting member (5) and the switch-off limiting plate (72) abut against each other to form a fourth limiting fit which blocks the switch-off interlocking plate (7) from moving upward and thereby limits the opening of the lower chamber door.

9. The switch cabinet five-protection interlocking structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The opening knob (93) is arranged on the moving path of the opening interlock plate (7). When the lower chamber door is opened, the opening interlock plate (7) elastically moves upward and connects with the opening knob (93) to form a fifth limit fit that limits the rotation of the opening knob (93) and pushes the grounding interlock plate (6) to move upward.

10. The switch cabinet five-protection interlocking structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: A third limiting structure for forming a fifth limiting fit is provided between the opening knob (93) and the opening interlock plate (7), the third limiting structure comprising an opening dial plate (94) linked to the opening knob (93), and a third limiting plate (71) bent and formed on one side of the opening interlock plate (7); the opening interlock plate (7) drives the third limiting plate (71) to move upward and be stuck on the rotation path of the opening dial plate (94) when the lower chamber door is opened, and drives the third limiting plate (71) to move downward away from the opening dial plate (94) to release the fifth limiting fit when the lower chamber door is closed.

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