Aluminum shell stretching device with cooling function

Abstract

The invention discloses an aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum shell production, the aluminum shell stretching device comprises a machine body, the machine body comprises a lower base plate fixed on a box body and an upper base plate connected with the lower base plate through a guide rod, the guide rod is sleeved with a pressing plate, and the pressing plate is driven by a power source. The male die is fixed on the pressing plate; the lower die is arranged on the lower substrate; wherein a third cooling pipe is arranged in the male die, a first cooling pipe is arranged in the lower die, and cooling liquid is injected into the third cooling pipe and the first cooling pipe. The aluminum shell drawing die has the advantages that when an aluminum shell is drawn, heat is generated between the aluminum shell and the side wall of the male die and the side wall of the lower die, and the cooling liquid exchanges heat with the side wall of the male die and the side wall of the lower die through a circulating system; therefore, double cooling is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aluminum shell production, and in particular to an aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function. Background Art

[0002] In the aluminum shell stretch-forming process, the press, as the core equipment, applies mechanical loads exceeding the yield strength of the aluminum alloy sheet, causing the material to undergo plastic deformation and flow into the mold, ultimately forming the desired geometric shape. This process is accompanied by complex physical and metallurgical changes in the material: when the dislocation slip system within the crystal is activated, the grains rotate and deform under the action of shear stress, and mechanical energy is converted into internal energy through plastic work, causing the material to heat up. This significantly exacerbates the work hardening effect, manifesting as an increase in the material's yield-to-strength ratio and a decrease in elongation, which in turn induces forming defects such as shell cracking and excessive wall thickness deviation. Traditional cooling solutions employ coolant spraying at the mold cavity entrance to control temperature. However, this technical bottleneck lies in the flow channel structure: the clearance between the punch and die during the drawing process is extremely small, creating a highly confined and narrow flow field. Especially under deep-cavity drawing conditions, cooling blind spots are prone to occur in the middle and bottom of the aluminum shell's curved surface. Ultimately, local temperature differences lead to uneven microstructure and properties, resulting in visible cooling streaks or potential mechanical defects. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned technical deficiencies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function, which is used to solve the problem of uneven cooling of the aluminum shell during the stretching process.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides an aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function, including a body, the body including a lower base plate fixed on the box body, and an upper base plate connected to the lower base plate through a guide rod, the guide rod is provided with a pressure plate, and the pressure plate is driven by a power source, and also includes: a punch, the punch is fixed on the pressure plate; a lower die, the lower die is arranged on the lower base plate; wherein, a third cooling pipe is provided in the punch, and a first cooling pipe is provided in the lower die, and coolant is injected into the third cooling pipe and the first cooling pipe. When the aluminum shell is stretched, heat is generated with the punch and the side wall of the lower die. The coolant completes heat exchange with the punch and the side wall of the lower die through a circulation system, thereby achieving cooling.

[0005] Optionally, the punch includes a first mold body fixed on the pressure plate, the first mold body is in the shape of a three-dimensional frame, is hollow inside and has a second mold body fixed thereto, a pipeline channel is provided in the second mold body, and the third cooling pipe is fixed in the pipeline channel.

[0006] Optionally, the second mold body has a structural reinforcement layer, a transition layer and an ultra-high thermal conductivity layer from the inside to the outside, and the pipeline channel is opened in the structural reinforcement layer.

[0007] Optionally, a water tank is further included, which is arranged in the box body. One end of the first cooling pipe is connected to the mold body, and the other end is connected to the box body.

[0008] Optionally, the lower mold has a mold opening and a mold body, the mold opening is fixed on the lower base plate, a cavity is provided in the mold body, and the first cooling tube is fixed in the cavity.

[0009] Optionally, the die opening has a high-position loop and a low-position loop, the high-position loop is located on the periphery of the low-position loop, and the high-position loop extends toward the low-position loop to form an inclined surface.

[0010] Optionally, a plurality of nozzles are fixed on the lower base plate, and the nozzle openings of the nozzles face the inclined surface. A second cooling pipe is connected and fixed to the nozzles, and the second cooling pipe is connected to the water tank.

[0011] Optionally, a water flow trough is also provided on the die opening.

[0012] Optionally, a heat exchange device is further included, wherein the input end of the heat exchange device is connected to the output end of the third cooling pipe, and the output end of the heat exchange device is connected to the input end of the third cooling pipe.

[0013] Optionally, the water tank is provided with an output port and an input port, the output port is connected to the input end of the heat exchange device, and the input port is connected to the output end of the heat exchange device.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention provides a third cooling pipe in the male mold, which can cover the inner surface of the aluminum shell during the stretching process of the aluminum shell; and provides a first cooling pipe in the lower mold, which can cover the outer surface of the aluminum shell during the stretching process of the aluminum shell, thereby cooling the aluminum shell in all directions from the inside out, avoiding the problem of uneven performance caused by local temperature difference.

[0015] The first cooling pipe of the present invention is connected to the nozzle assembly. When the punch moves downward to stretch the aluminum shell, it creates a dynamic squeezing effect on the coolant in the lower mold cavity, forcing the coolant to flow through the first cooling pipe network at high speed. This dynamic flow pattern significantly improves heat exchange efficiency. After the heat-carrying coolant exchanges heat in a closed-loop system consisting of a water tank and heat exchanger, it is sprayed back into the lower mold cavity by the nozzle, forming a circulating heat dissipation loop.

[0016] Furthermore, the present invention incorporates a diverting slope at the lower die opening, oriented in the direction of the nozzle spray, to evenly direct the ejected coolant toward the sidewalls of the lower die. This diversion design not only expands the cooling medium's coverage area but also enhances heat conduction efficiency at the interface between the die and the aluminum shell through liquid film flow, effectively suppressing localized temperature rises caused by frictional heating during the stretching process.

[0017] The above three points are combined to promote the multiple cooling solutions of the present invention, thereby solving the problem in the cooling solutions of the prior art that local temperature differences cause uneven structural properties, resulting in cooling stripes or potential mechanical performance defects in the aluminum shell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a stereoscopic diagram of the male mold of an aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the punch of an aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of an aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the lower die of an aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 The present invention is an aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function according to the present invention (excluding the box body).

[0026] Figure 8 The present invention is an aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0027] Description of reference numerals: 1. Machine body; 11. Power source; 12. Upper base plate; 13. Lower base plate; 14. Box body; 15. Press plate; 16. Guide rod; 2. Punch; 21. First mold body; 22. Second mold body; 23. Third cooling pipe; 3. Lower mold; 31. First cooling pipe; 32. Inclined surface; 33. Water flow trough; 4. Nozzle; 41. Second cooling pipe; 5. Water tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] As mentioned above, traditional cooling solutions employ coolant spraying at the mold cavity entrance to control temperature. However, this technical bottleneck lies in the flow channel structure: the clearance between the punch and die during the drawing process is extremely small, creating a highly confined and narrow flow field. Especially under deep-cavity drawing conditions, cooling blind spots are prone to occur in the middle and bottom of the aluminum shell's curved surface. Ultimately, local temperature differences lead to uneven microstructure and properties, resulting in visible cooling streaks and potential mechanical defects.

[0030] To address this issue, the present invention provides an aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function. By providing different cooling structures inside and outside the male and lower molds, the present invention comprehensively solves the cooling problem of the aluminum shell during the stretching process. The present invention solves this problem in the following way.

[0031] Example 1: Please refer to the instruction manual Figures 1 to 8 As shown in the figure, this embodiment 1 provides an aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function, which includes a body 1, a punch 2, a lower die 3, a nozzle 4 and a water tank 5. Among them, the body 1 includes a box body 14, the bottom of which is provided with four universal wheels. The box body 14 is hollow and has doors with handles facing four directions. A lower base plate 13 is fixed on the top of the box body 14, and four guide rods 16 are fixed on the lower base plate 13. An upper base plate 12 is fixed on the top of the guide rod 16, and a power source 11 (for example, a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder) is fixed on the top of the upper base plate 12. A pressure plate 15 is slidably provided on the guide rod 16. The pressure plate 15 is located between the upper base plate 12 and the lower base plate 13. The output end of the power source 11 passes through the upper base plate 12 and is connected to the pressure plate 15, so that the pressure plate 15 can slide up and down on the guide rod 16 through the power source 11.

[0032] In this embodiment 1, Figure 1As shown, a notch is defined at the center of the lower base plate 13, into which the lower mold 3 is secured. Correspondingly, the punch 2 is secured to the center of the bottom of the pressure plate 15. During use, the aluminum shell is placed on the lower mold 3. The power source 11 is then driven to push the pressure plate 15 downward, which in turn moves the punch 2 until it contacts the aluminum shell. The pressure plate 15 continues to push downward, applying a mechanical force exceeding its yield strength, causing the aluminum shell to plastically deform and flow into the cavity of the lower mold 3, thereby forming an aluminum shell with a cavity in the shape of the lower mold 3.

[0033] In this embodiment 1, Figures 2 to 3 As shown, the punch 2 includes a first die body 21 fixed on the pressing plate 15. The first die body 21 is in the shape of a three-dimensional frame, which is hollow and fixed with a second die body 22. A pipe channel is provided in the second die body 22. The pipe channel is in the shape of a square spiral and traverses the four sides of the second die body 22. A third cooling pipe 23 (whose shape is the same as the pipe channel, as shown in FIG. 2 ) is fixed in the pipe channel. Figure 3 As shown, the third cooling tube 23 is filled with a cooling medium and has an output end and an input end. Flexible hoses are connected to both ends, enabling the tube to transport the cooling medium as it follows the upward and downward movement of the pressure plate 15. The output end of the third cooling tube 23 is connected to the input end of the heat exchange mechanism, while the input end of the third cooling tube 23 is connected to the output end of the heat exchange mechanism. The cooling medium dissipates the heat generated by the punch 2 during the stretching of the aluminum shell, cools it down in the heat exchange mechanism, and then re-injects it into the third cooling tube 23, completing the cycle. (The heat exchange mechanism includes a cooling pump, a circulation pipe, and a heat exchanger. The cooling pump circulates the cooling medium through these components, thereby achieving heat exchange.)

[0034] In this embodiment 1, Figures 4 and 5 As shown, the lower mold 3 has a mold opening and a mold body. The mold opening is fixed to the lower base plate 13. The mold body is provided with a cavity, and a first cooling pipe 31 is fixed in the cavity. Similar to the arrangement of the third cooling pipe 23, the first cooling pipe 31 is also arranged in a square spiral shape, which traverses the four sides of the lower mold 3. The first cooling pipe 31 is also filled with a cooling medium and has an output end and an input end. The output end and the input end are both connected to a flexible hose. The output end of the first cooling pipe 31 passes through the cavity of the lower mold 3 and extends to the interior of the mold cavity of the lower mold 3 (as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown), its output end is connected to the interior of the water tank 5.

[0035] like Figure 7As shown, in the first embodiment, the water tank 5 is arranged in the box body 14, which has two output ends and two output ends. For the convenience of description, they are named as the first output end, the second output end, the first input end and the second input end. Then, the first input end of the water tank 5 is connected to the output end of the first cooling pipe 31, which is used to undertake the cooling mechanism in the first cooling pipe 31. The first output end of the water tank 5 is connected to the second cooling pipe 41, and the second cooling pipe 41 is connected to the nozzle 4. There are 4 nozzles 4, which are fixed on the lower substrate 13 and respectively face the four mold cavity walls of the lower mold 3. The second cooling pipe 41 is also connected to a delivery pump. When in use, the cooling medium is pumped from the water tank 5 into the second cooling pipe 41, and then sprayed out by the nozzle 4. The cooling medium sprayed by the nozzle 4 enters the mold cavity through the mold opening and forms an accumulation. As the punch 2 drives the aluminum shell into the lower mold 3, the cooling medium inside it will be squeezed. The cooling medium enters from the input port of the first cooling tube 31 and passes through its square spiral tube body at high speed to traverse the four side walls of the lower mold 3, taking away the heat generated by the stretching of the aluminum shell in the lower mold 3, thereby achieving cooling. Finally, it flows out from the output port of the first cooling tube 31 and enters the interior of the water tank 5, completing the cycle.

[0036] In addition, the second output port of the water tank 5 is also connected to the input end of the heat exchange mechanism, and the second input port of the water tank 5 is connected to the output end of the heat exchange device. Through the heat exchange mechanism, heat exchange of the cooling medium in the water tank 5 is achieved.

[0037] Example 2: Based on the above embodiment, in order to further explain the technical solution clearly and completely, the present invention also provides a second embodiment. In this second embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the die opening of lower die 3 has a high-level loop and a low-level loop. The high-level loop is located outside the low-level loop and extends toward the low-level loop, forming a slope 32. Slope 32 faces nozzle 4. Cooling medium ejected from nozzle 4 hits slope 32 and then flows along slope 32 to adhere to the inner mold cavity wall of lower die 3. This allows the cooling medium adhering to the inner mold cavity wall to reduce friction between the aluminum shell and lower die 3 during the stretching process while also carrying heat to achieve cooling.

[0038] At the same time, a water flow groove 33 is provided on the die mouth, and a gap is provided on the water flow groove 33, which is connected to the inclined surface 32. The cooling medium sprayed from the nozzle 4 enters the water flow groove 33 and accumulates. When the accumulation is full, it flows out from the gap and enters the inclined surface 32.

[0039] Example 3: Based on the above embodiments, to further clarify and fully explain the technical solutions therein, the present invention also provides a third embodiment. Because the first mold body 21 comprises a hollow frame structure, performance requirements are imposed on it during the stretching process. In this third embodiment, the manufacturing material of the first mold body 21 is preferably one or more of ultra-high-strength die steel, powder metallurgy high-speed steel, and maraging steel.

[0040] The second mold body 22 is composed, from the inside out, of a structural reinforcement layer, a transition layer, and an ultra-high thermal conductivity layer. The pipeline channel is located within the structural reinforcement layer. The ultra-high thermal conductivity layer is made of a diamond / copper composite material; the transition layer is made of a molybdenum-copper alloy with an internal wavy copper mesh and a pre-applied microcrack self-healing agent; and the structural reinforcement layer is made of aluminum reinforced with silicon carbide particles, its inner surface treated with micro-arc oxidation. This effectively achieves the coordinated optimization of thermal management, structural support, and lifespan under extreme operating conditions.

[0041] Therefore, in summary, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages including but not limited to: The present invention is provided with a third cooling tube 23 in the punch 2, which can cover the inner surface of the aluminum shell during the stretching process of the aluminum shell; a first cooling tube 31 is provided in the lower die 3, which can cover the outer surface of the aluminum shell during the stretching process of the aluminum shell, thereby cooling the aluminum shell in all directions from the inside out, avoiding the problem of uneven performance caused by local temperature difference.

[0042] At the same time, the first cooling tube 31 of the present invention is connected to the nozzle 4 assembly. When the punch 2 moves downward to stretch the aluminum shell, it creates a dynamic squeezing effect on the coolant in the lower die 3 cavity, forcing the coolant to flow through the first cooling tube 31 network at high speed. This dynamic flow pattern significantly improves heat exchange efficiency. After the heat-carrying coolant completes heat exchange in the closed-loop system formed by the water tank 5 and the heat exchange device, it is sprayed back into the lower die 3 cavity by the nozzle 4, forming a circulating heat dissipation circuit.

[0043] Furthermore, the present invention provides a diverting slope 32 at the die opening of the lower die 3. This slope 32 faces the direction of the nozzle 4 and evenly guides the ejected coolant to the sidewall of the lower die 3. This diverting design not only expands the coverage area of the cooling medium but also enhances the heat conduction efficiency at the interface between the die and the aluminum shell through the flow of the liquid film, effectively suppressing the local temperature rise caused by frictional heat generation during the stretching process.

[0044] The above three points are combined to promote the multiple cooling solutions of the present invention, thereby solving the problem in the cooling solutions of the prior art that local temperature differences cause uneven structural properties, resulting in cooling stripes or potential mechanical performance defects in the aluminum shell.

[0045] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention and its equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function, comprising a body (1), wherein the body (1) comprises a lower base plate (13) fixed on a box body (14), and an upper base plate (12) connected to the lower base plate (13) via a guide rod (16), wherein a pressure plate (15) is sleeved on the guide rod (16), and the pressure plate (15) is driven by a power source (11), characterized in that: Also includes: A punch (2), the punch (2) being fixed on the pressing plate (15); A lower mold (3), the lower mold (3) being arranged on the lower base plate (13); The punch (2) is provided with a third cooling pipe (23), the lower die (3) is provided with a first cooling pipe (31), and the third cooling pipe (23) and the first cooling pipe (31) are both injected with cooling liquid. When the aluminum shell is stretched, heat is generated by the side walls of the punch (2) and the lower die (3). The cooling liquid completes heat exchange with the side walls of the punch (2) and the lower die (3) through a circulation system, thereby achieving cooling.

2. The aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The punch (2) includes a first mold body (21) fixed on a pressing plate (15), wherein the first mold body (21) is in the shape of a three-dimensional frame and is hollow inside and a second mold body (22) is fixed therein, wherein a pipeline channel is provided inside the second mold body (22), and the third cooling pipe (23) is fixed in the pipeline channel.

3. The aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second mold body (22) has a structural reinforcement layer, a transition layer, and an ultra-high thermal conductivity layer in sequence from the inside to the outside, and the pipeline channel is opened in the structural reinforcement layer.

4. The aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a water tank (5), which is arranged in the box body (14); one end of the first cooling pipe (31) is connected to the mold body, and the other end is connected to the box body (14).

5. The aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The lower mold (3) comprises a mold opening and a mold body, the mold opening is fixed on the lower base plate (13), a cavity is provided in the mold body, and the first cooling tube (31) is fixed in the cavity.

6. The aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The die opening has a high-position loop and a low-position loop, the high-position loop is located on the periphery of the low-position loop, and the high-position loop extends toward the low-position loop to form an inclined surface (32).

7. The aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of nozzles (4) are fixed on the lower base plate (13), the nozzles (4) having their nozzles facing the inclined surface (32), and a second cooling pipe (41) is connected and fixed to the nozzles (4), and the second cooling pipe (41) is connected to the water tank (5).

8. The aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: A water flow trough (33) is also provided on the die opening.

9. The aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a heat exchange device, the input end of the heat exchange device is connected to the output end of the third cooling tube (23), and the output end of the heat exchange device is connected to the input end of the third cooling tube (23).

10. The aluminum shell stretching device with a cooling function according to claim 9, characterized in that: The water tank (5) is provided with an output port and an input port, the output port is connected to the input end of the heat exchange device, and the input port is connected to the output end of the heat exchange device.

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