Air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology

Abstract

The present invention discloses an air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology, which relates to the field of additive manufacturing technology. The device includes an additive manufacturing chamber equipped with an air-cooling assembly, which includes a cooling element. The cooling element can enter the interior of a cylindrical printed part, facilitating uniform heat absorption of metal powder within the cylindrical printed part. The metal powder within the cylindrical printed part absorbs heat from the inner wall of the cylindrical printed part, achieving uniform heat dissipation from both the inner and outer walls of the cylindrical printed part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing technology, and in particular to an air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology. Background Art

[0002] Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) is a widely used 3D printing technology that uses an electron beam or laser to scan a bed of metal powder, fusing the powder layer by layer (typically 30-100μm thick) to build the part. After each layer is melted, the powder bed moves downward, and a new layer of powder is deposited on the build surface. This cycle continues until the part is formed.

[0003] However, when using PBF technology for additive manufacturing of cylindrical metal parts, the completed cylindrical part is covered with a large amount of unmelted powder. During the natural cooling process, the cylindrical part near the powder surface dissipates heat faster, while the parts buried deep within the powder cool more slowly due to the long heat dissipation path and limited thermal conductivity. This uneven heat dissipation caused by the varying powder coverage depth is not conducive to uniform cooling of the cylindrical part. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology, comprising an additive manufacturing chamber, wherein an air-cooling assembly is provided in the additive manufacturing chamber, wherein the air-cooling assembly includes a cooling member, wherein the cooling member includes:

[0006] Positioning ports, the positioning ports including port 1 and port 2;

[0007] A refrigeration rod, the refrigeration rod passes through the first and second through-holes, and the top end of the refrigeration rod is arranged in the first through-hole, the surface of the refrigeration rod is provided with a threaded surface, a fastening nut is threadedly connected to the threaded surface, a cooling cavity is provided inside the refrigeration rod, and two through-holes are opened on both sides of the inner wall of the cooling cavity;

[0008] A circular air guide chamber, wherein the circular air guide chamber is hollow and sleeved on the surface of the refrigeration rod, the circular air guide chamber includes an air chamber 1 and an air chamber 2, each of the air chamber 1 and the air chamber 2 is provided with a through hole 1, and the two through holes 1 are respectively connected to the two through holes 2;

[0009] Air duct 1, the air duct 1 being fixedly connected to air chamber 1, the air duct 1 passing through the additive manufacturing chamber and extending to the outside of the additive manufacturing chamber and being fixedly connected to a blower;

[0010] The second air duct is connected to the second air chamber, and the second air duct passes through the additive manufacturing chamber and extends to the outside of the additive manufacturing chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a printing table, which includes a 3D printing table and a base plate, the first through-port is opened on the top of the base plate, the second through-port is opened on the top of the 3D printing table, the base plate is superimposed on the top of the 3D printing table, the fastening nut is in contact with the bottom surface of the 3D printing table, and a driving component 1 is fixedly installed between the 3D printing table and the bottom end of the printing chamber inside the additive manufacturing chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a loading mechanism, which includes a loading chamber, and the loading chamber is located on the right side of the printing chamber. A material plate 1 is slidably provided inside the loading chamber, and a driving component 2 is fixedly installed between the material plate 1 and the bottom end of the interior of the loading chamber.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a powder collecting mechanism, which includes a collecting chamber, and the collecting chamber is located on the left side of the printing chamber. A material plate 2 is slidably provided inside the collecting chamber, and a driving component 3 is fixedly installed between the material plate 2 and the bottom of the collecting chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a powder spreading mechanism, which includes a spreading scraper and two motors. The spreading scraper is erected on the top edge of the loading chamber, and the top of the spreading scraper is threadedly connected to two screws. The two screws are rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the additive manufacturing chamber, and the two motors are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the additive manufacturing chamber, and the output ends of the two motors are respectively fixedly connected to the ends of the two screws.

[0015] Furthermore, a third opening is opened at the top of the cooling chamber, an extension tube is overlapped at the third opening, the bottom end of the extension tube is inserted into the interior of the cooling chamber, a plug sleeve is fixedly connected to the surface of the extension tube, a limit rod is slidably inserted in the plug sleeve, and the limit rod is fixedly connected to the top of the interior of the cooling chamber;

[0016] A threaded drive assembly is also provided inside the cooling chamber, and the threaded drive assembly is used to threadably drive the extension tube to move along the third opening.

[0017] Furthermore, a drainage component is provided between the extension tube and the cooling chamber, and the drainage component includes:

[0018] A separator, the separator comprising two separators 1 and 2, the two separators 1 being fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the cooling chamber, the separator 2 being fixedly connected to the bottoms of the two separators 1 and the inner wall of the cooling chamber, the separator 2 and the two separators 1 all being in contact with the surface of the extension tube, the separator 2, the two separators 1 and the extension tube dividing the cooling chamber into the drainage chamber 1 and the drainage chamber 2;

[0019] A drainage tube, wherein the bottom end of the drainage tube is fixedly connected to the surface of the extension tube, the bottom end of the drainage tube is located at the bottom end of the drainage cavity, and the top end of the drainage tube is located at the top end of the extension tube;

[0020] A drainage port is provided at the bottom end of the extension tube and is communicated with the second drainage cavity.

[0021] Furthermore, a toggle assembly is provided at the top end of the extension tube, and the toggle assembly includes:

[0022] A support shaft, the support shaft is rotatably connected to the top of the extension tube, the top of the support shaft is fixedly connected to a boss-type lap platform, the top of the through-port three is an inclined arc surface, the lap platform is built on the top of the through-port three, the bottom end of the support shaft passes through the extension tube and extends into the interior of the extension tube, and the bottom end of the support shaft is fixedly sleeved with an impeller;

[0023] The separator ring is slidably inserted on the surface of the drainage pipe and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extension pipe. The impeller is rotatably arranged on the inner ring surface of the separator ring.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: after the cylindrical printed part forms a stable structure, the cooling part is inserted into the metal powder inside the cylindrical printed part to evenly absorb heat from the metal powder inside the cylindrical printed part, and the metal powder inside the cylindrical printed part absorbs heat from the inner wall of the cylindrical printed part, ensuring that the inner and outer walls of the cylindrical printed part can dissipate heat evenly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a printing table of an air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a substrate of an air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the printing chamber, loading chamber and collection chamber of the air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cooling rod of the air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of a circular air guide chamber of an air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the support shaft, the bridging platform, and the impeller of the air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on the PBF technology of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of a separator of an air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cooling rod of the air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged view of part A;

[0036] Figure 12 for Figure 10 Enlarged view of part B.

[0037] In the attached figure: 1. Lighting chamber; 2. Additive manufacturing chamber; 201. Observation window; 202. Printing chamber; 3. 3D printing table; 4. Base plate; 5. Drive component 1; 6. Loading chamber; 7. Material plate 1; 8. Drive component 2; 9. Collection chamber; 10. Material plate 2; 11. Drive component 3; 12. Paving scraper; 13. Motor 1; 14. Screw; 16. Port 1; 17. Port 2; 18. Fastening nut; 19. Cooling chamber; 20. Through hole 2; 21. Circular air guide chamber; 2101. Through hole 1; 22. Air chamber 1; 23. Air chamber 2; 24. Air duct 1; 25. Blower; 2 6. Duct 2; 27. Port 3; 28. Extension pipe; 29. ​​Connector sleeve; 30. Limit rod; 31. Threaded pipe; 32. Second motor; 33. Drive screw; 34. Partition; 3401. Partition 1; 3402. Partition 2; 35. Drainage chamber 1; 36. Drainage chamber 2; 37. Drainage pipe; 38. Drainage port; 39. Support shaft; 40. Joint platform; 41. Impeller; 42. Separator ring; 43. Connector; 44. Paddle; 45. First movable frame; 46. Second movable frame; 47. Laser head; 48. Light-transmitting window; 49. Columnar printing part; 50. Refrigeration rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] like Figures 1 to 12As shown, in one embodiment, an air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology is provided, wherein a processing chamber is provided in the processing chamber, wherein a light-emitting chamber 1 and an additive manufacturing chamber 2 are provided in the light-emitting chamber 1, and the additive manufacturing chamber 2 is provided with a loading mechanism, a powder collecting mechanism, a powder spreading mechanism, a printing chamber 202 and an air-cooling component. A printing table is slidably provided in the printing chamber 202, and the air-cooling component is provided at the bottom end of the printing table. The air-cooling component includes a cooling member, which is used to cool the inner cavity of the cylindrical printing part 49 after printing is completed.

[0039] Specifically, an observation window 201 is fixedly installed on the front of the processing chamber. The observation window 201 is transparent glass and faces the additive manufacturing chamber 2. The light-emitting device includes a first movable frame 45 and a light-transmitting window 48. The first movable frame 45 is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the light-emitting chamber 1. A second movable frame 46 is slidably arranged on the surface of the first movable frame 45. A laser head 47 is fixedly installed on the second movable frame 46. The light-transmitting window 48 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the light-emitting chamber 1. It should be understood that during the printing process, the movement of the first movable frame 45 and the second movable frame 46 can move and adjust the position of the laser head 47, thereby changing the position of the laser head 47 to melt the metal powder after the light passes through the light-transmitting window 48.

[0040] The printing platform includes a 3D printing platform 3 and a base plate 4. The base plate 4 is stacked on top of the 3D printing platform 3. A drive component 5 is fixedly installed between the 3D printing platform 3 and the bottom surface of the printing chamber 202. Specifically, the drive component 5 can be an electric cylinder.

[0041] The loading mechanism includes a loading chamber 6, which is located on the right side of the printing chamber 202. A material plate 7 is slidably provided inside the loading chamber 6. A drive assembly 8 is fixedly installed between the material plate 7 and the bottom end of the loading chamber 6. Specifically, the drive assembly 8 can be an electric cylinder.

[0042] The powder collecting mechanism includes a collecting chamber 9, which is located to the left of the printing chamber 202. A second material plate 10 is slidably provided inside the collecting chamber 9. A third drive assembly 11 is fixedly installed between the second material plate 10 and the bottom of the collecting chamber 9. Specifically, the third drive assembly 11 can be an electric cylinder.

[0043] The powder spreading mechanism includes a spreading scraper 12 and two motors 13. The spreading scraper 12 is set up at the top edge of the loading chamber 6. The top of the spreading scraper 12 is threadedly connected to two screws 14. The screws 14 are rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the additive manufacturing chamber 2. The two motors 13 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the additive manufacturing chamber 2. The output ends of the two motors 13 are fixedly connected to the ends of the two screws 14 respectively.

[0044] It should be understood that the specific printing method is as follows:

[0045] First, the driving component 1 5 drives the 3D printing table 3 to lower the set length to meet the paving thickness, and the driving component 2 8 pushes the material plate 1 7 upward to lift the metal powder to the side of the paving scraper 12. Then, the motor 13 drives the screw 14 to rotate, and the screw 14 drives the paving scraper 12 to move, pushing the pushed metal powder to the top of the substrate 4 until the metal powder is moved to the top of the collecting chamber 9. Then, the paving scraper 12 is reset to achieve a layer of paving.

[0046] Then, the laser head 47 is used to illuminate the newly laid metal powder layer. The light passes through the light-transmitting window 48 and is laser-processed. The metal powder exposed to the light is heated and melted. The laying of metal powder layers and laser melting are then repeated, and finally a cylindrical printed part 49 is formed.

[0047] Finally, after the cylindrical printed part 49 is formed, the metal powder in the inner cavity of the cylindrical printed part 49 is closely cooled by a cooling part.

[0048] The cooling process for cooling the printed cylindrical printed part 49 includes the following steps:

[0049] In step 1, the metal powder on the feeding mechanism is deposited layer by layer by the powder spreading mechanism, and the light emitting component performs laser printing on the deposited layers of metal powder layer by layer to form a cylindrical printed part 49. The formed cylindrical printed part 49 is surrounded by metal powder;

[0050] Step 2: After printing is completed, the bottom of the metal powder in the inner cavity of the cylindrical printing part 49 is first cooled by the air cooling component, and the metal powder near the inner cavity of the cylindrical printing part 49 is cooled. Then, the heat is conducted by the metal powder in the inner cavity of the cylindrical printing part 49, thereby indirectly cooling the inner cavity of the cylindrical printing part 49;

[0051] Step three: After cooling for a certain period of time, when the state of the cylindrical printing part 49 is stable, the cooling part of the air-cooling assembly will pass through the printing table and extend into the inner cavity of the cylindrical printing part 49, further approaching the cylindrical printing part 49 to achieve further close cooling until cooling is completed.

[0052] It should be understood that during the cooling process, the top of the cooling member will contact the bottom of the metal powder in the inner cavity of the cylindrical printed member 49 to conduct heat, and the heat on the inner wall of the cylindrical printed member 49 will be conducted through the small amount of metal powder inside the cylindrical printed member 49, thereby quickly conducting the heat and achieving cooling;

[0053] Therefore, while the metal powder surrounding the cylindrical printed part 49 transfers heat to dissipate heat, the interior of the cylindrical printed part 49 is also cooled.

[0054] After cooling for a certain period of time, the cylindrical printed part 49 forms a stable structure, and then the cooling part is further inserted into the metal powder inside the cylindrical printed part 49, from the bottom end of the cylindrical printed part 49 to the top end of the cylindrical printed part 49, so that the cooling part can be distributed inside the cylindrical printed part 49, which is beneficial to uniformly absorb heat from the metal powder inside the cylindrical printed part 49. The metal powder in the cylindrical printed part 49 absorbs heat from the inner wall of the cylindrical printed part 49, and then uniformly dissipates heat from the inner wall of the cylindrical printed part 49, which is beneficial to actively approach the inner wall of the cylindrical printed part 49, and then achieve uniform heat dissipation and cooling of the inner wall of the cylindrical printed part 49.

[0055] In one embodiment, the cooling element comprises:

[0056] Positioning ports, including port 1 16 and port 2 17 . Port 1 16 is located on the top of the substrate 4 , and port 2 17 is located on the top of the 3D printing platform 3 .

[0057] A cooling rod 50 extends through the first through-port 16 and the second through-port 17 , with the top end of the cooling rod 50 positioned within the first through-port 16 . The cooling rod 50 has a threaded surface, on which a fastening nut 18 is threadedly connected. The fastening nut 18 contacts the bottom surface of the 3D printing platform 3 . The cooling rod 50 defines a cooling cavity 19 within the cooling cavity 19 , with second through-holes 20 formed on both sides of the inner wall.

[0058] It should be understood that by tightening the nut 18 to the bottom surface of the 3D printing table 3, the cooling rod 50 is clamped between the base plate 4 and the 3D printing table 3, and the base plate 4 and the 3D printing table 3 are pressed tightly together;

[0059] The circular air guide chamber 21 is sleeved on the surface of the refrigeration rod 50. The circular air guide chamber 21 includes an air chamber 1 22 and an air chamber 2 23. Both the air chamber 1 22 and the air chamber 2 23 have a through hole 1 2101 formed therein. The two through holes 1 2101 are connected to the two through holes 20 respectively.

[0060] Air duct 1 24, air duct 1 24 is fixedly connected to air chamber 1 22, air duct 1 24 passes through the additive manufacturing chamber 2 and extends to the outside of the additive manufacturing chamber 2, and is fixedly connected to the blower 25;

[0061] The second air duct 26 is connected to the second air chamber 23 . The second air duct 26 passes through the additive manufacturing chamber 2 and extends to the outside of the additive manufacturing chamber 2 .

[0062] It should be understood that when the cylindrical printed part 49 is printed, the through hole 20 on the surface of the cooling rod 50 is just moved to the through hole 1 2101 of the circular air guide chamber 21, and the two through holes 1 2101 are connected to the two through holes 20 respectively. The blower 25 is started to blow the air in the additive manufacturing chamber 2 into the air chamber 1 22 through the air duct 1 24. The air flow will pass through the blower 25, the air duct 1 24, the air chamber 1 22, the through hole 1 2101, the cooling cavity 19, the through hole 1 2101, the air chamber 23 and the air duct 2 26 in sequence and then be discharged. The air flow will take away the heat on the cooling rod 50, and the cooling rod 50 will be discharged. The end will absorb the heat from the metal powder in the cylindrical print part 49, and the metal powder in the cylindrical print part 49 will absorb the heat on the inner wall of the cylindrical print part 49 to achieve heat dissipation and cooling. In addition, the metal powder in the cylindrical print part 49 has a small volume and a short heat conduction path. It is attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical print part 49 and is closer to the inner wall of the cylindrical print part 49. Compared with the heat conduction paths of different lengths of a large amount of metal powder coated on the outside of the cylindrical print part 49, the heat conduction speed of the metal powder close to the inner wall of the cylindrical print part 49 is similar at each position, which is beneficial to uniform heat dissipation and cooling of the cylindrical print part 49.

[0063] like Figures 11 to 12 As shown, in one embodiment, a third opening 27 is formed at the top of the cooling chamber 19, and an extension tube 28 is connected to the third opening 27. The bottom end of the extension tube 28 is inserted into the interior of the cooling chamber 19, and a plug sleeve 29 is fixedly connected to the surface of the extension tube 28. A limit rod 30 is slidably inserted in the plug sleeve 29, and the limit rod 30 is fixedly connected to the top of the interior of the cooling chamber 19;

[0064] A threaded drive assembly is also provided inside the cooling chamber 19 , and the threaded drive assembly is used to threadably drive the extension tube 28 to move along the third opening 27 .

[0065] The threaded drive assembly includes a threaded tube 31 and a second motor 32. The threaded tube 31 is fixedly inserted into the bottom end of the extension tube 28. The internal thread of the threaded tube 31 is connected to a driving screw 33. The second motor 32 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the refrigeration rod 50. The output end of the second motor 32 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the driving screw 33.

[0066] It should be understood that after the cylindrical print part 49 stabilizes after cooling for a certain period of time, the threaded drive assembly is started, the second motor 32 drives the drive screw 33 to rotate, and the drive screw 33 threadably drives the threaded tube 31 to move. The threaded tube 31 simultaneously drives the extension tube 28 to be inserted from the bottom end of the cylindrical print part 49 and extend to the top end of the cylindrical print part 49. The extension tube 28 is distributed inside the metal powder inside the cylindrical print part 49, which is conducive to further approaching the inner wall of the cylindrical print part 49 and pushing part of the internal metal powder out of the cylindrical print part 49, reducing the distance between the inner wall of the cylindrical print part 49 and the extension tube 28, which is conducive to further improving the ability to uniformly dissipate heat to the inner wall of the cylindrical print part 49.

[0067] like Figures 7 to 12 As shown, in one embodiment, a drainage assembly is provided between the extension tube 28 and the cooling chamber 19, and the drainage assembly includes:

[0068] The partition 34 includes two partition plates 1 3401 and a second partition plate 3402. The two partition plates 1 3401 are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the cooling chamber 19. The second partition plate 3402 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the two partition plates 1 3401 and the inner wall of the cooling chamber 19. The second partition plate 3402 and the two partition plates 1 3401 are in contact with the surface of the extension tube 28. The second partition plate 3402, the two partition plates 1 3401, and the extension tube 28 divide the cooling chamber 19 into the drainage chamber 1 35 and the drainage chamber 2 36.

[0069] Drainage tube 37, the bottom end of drainage tube 37 is fixedly connected to the surface of extension tube 28, and the bottom end of drainage tube 37 is located at the bottom end of drainage cavity 1 35, and the top end of drainage tube 37 is located at the top end of extension tube 28;

[0070] The drainage port 38 is provided at the bottom end of the extension tube 28 and is connected to the second drainage cavity 36 .

[0071] It should be understood that during the heat dissipation process, when the air flow flows through the cooling chamber 19, it will pass through the through hole 20, the drainage chamber 1 35, the bottom end of the drainage tube 37, the top end of the extension tube 28, the bottom end of the extension tube 28, the drainage port 38, the drainage chamber 2 36 and the through hole 20 in sequence. During the flow of the air flow, the inside of the extension tube 28 is distributed from top to bottom, which is beneficial to uniformly absorb the heat on the extension tube 28, and thus is beneficial to maintaining the heat absorption capacity of the extension tube 28.

[0072] Specifically, the limiting rod 30 and the plug sleeve 29 are located inside the second drainage cavity 36 .

[0073] In one embodiment, a toggle assembly is provided at the top end of the extension tube 28, and the toggle assembly includes:

[0074] The support shaft 39 is rotatably connected to the top of the extension tube 28. The top of the support shaft 39 is fixedly connected to a boss-type landing platform 40. The top of the third opening 27 is an inclined arc surface. The landing platform 40 is mounted on the top of the third opening 27. The bottom end of the support shaft 39 passes through the extension tube 28 and extends into the interior of the extension tube 28. The bottom end of the support shaft 39 is fixedly sleeved with an impeller 41.

[0075] The separator ring 42 is slidably inserted on the surface of the drainage tube 37 and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extension tube 28 . The impeller 41 is rotatably set on the inner ring surface of the separator ring 42 .

[0076] It should be understood that when the air flow passes through the extension tube 28, the impeller 41 will rotate under the action of the air flow, and the impeller 41 will drive the docking station 40 to rotate under the linkage of the support shaft 39, which will help drive the flow of metal powder inside the cylindrical printed part 49, and thus help to uniformly conduct heat to the inner wall of the cylindrical printed part 49.

[0077] In one embodiment, a toggle member is provided at both ends of the bottom of the splicing platform 40, and the toggle member includes a connector 43, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the splicing platform 40, and a toggle leaf 44 is fixedly connected to the side of the connector 43, and the two toggle leaves 44 are distributed in a circular array with the support shaft 39 as the axis.

[0078] It should be understood that when the lap table 40 is inserted into the metal powder inside the cylindrical printing part 49 along with the extension tube 28, the airflow causes the lap table 40 to drive the paddle 44 to rotate, thereby increasing the ability to push the metal powder, which is beneficial to further improve the power of the metal powder flow.

Claims

1. An air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology, comprising an additive manufacturing chamber (2), wherein an air-cooling assembly is provided in the additive manufacturing chamber (2), wherein the air-cooling assembly comprises a cooling element, characterized in that: The cooling element comprises: Positioning ports, the positioning ports comprising port 1 (16) and port 2 (17); A refrigeration rod (50), the refrigeration rod (50) passes through the first through-port (16) and the second through-port (17), and the top end of the refrigeration rod (50) is arranged in the first through-port (16), the surface of the refrigeration rod (50) is provided with a threaded surface, a fastening nut (18) is threadedly connected to the threaded surface, a cooling cavity (19) is provided inside the refrigeration rod (50), and a second through-hole (20) is provided on both sides of the inner wall of the cooling cavity (19); A circular air guide chamber (21), wherein the circular air guide chamber (21) is hollow and sleeved on the surface of the refrigeration rod (50), and the circular air guide chamber (21) includes an air chamber 1 (22) and an air chamber 2 (23), wherein both the air chamber 1 (22) and the air chamber 2 (23) are provided with a through hole 1 (2101), and the two through holes 1 (2101) are connected to the two through holes 2 (20) respectively; An air duct (24) is fixedly connected to the air chamber (22), and the air duct (24) passes through the additive manufacturing chamber (2) and extends to the outside of the additive manufacturing chamber (2) and is fixedly connected to the blower (25); A second air duct (26), the second air duct (26) being in communication with the second air chamber (23), the second air duct (26) passing through the additive manufacturing chamber (2) and extending to the outside of the additive manufacturing chamber (2); A third opening (27) is provided at the top of the interior of the cooling cavity (19), an extension tube (28) is overlapped at the third opening (27), the bottom end of the extension tube (28) is inserted into the interior of the cooling cavity (19), a plug sleeve (29) is fixedly connected to the surface of the extension tube (28), a limit rod (30) is slidably inserted in the plug sleeve (29), and the limit rod (30) is fixedly connected to the top of the interior of the cooling cavity (19); A thread drive assembly is also provided inside the cooling chamber (19), and the thread drive assembly is used to threadably drive the extension tube (28) to move along the third opening (27); A drainage component is provided between the extension tube (28) and the cooling chamber (19), and the drainage component comprises: A partition (34), wherein the partition (34) includes two partitions 1 (3401) and a partition 2 (3402), wherein the two partitions 1 (3401) are fixedly connected to both sides of the inner wall of the cooling chamber (19), and the partition 2 (3402) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the two partitions 1 (3401) and the inner wall of the cooling chamber (19), wherein the partition 2 (3402) and the two partitions 1 (3401) are in contact with the surface of the extension tube (28), and the partition 2 (3402), the two partitions 1 (3401) and the extension tube (28) separate the cooling chamber (19) into a drainage chamber 1 (35) and a drainage chamber 2 (36); A drainage tube (37), wherein the bottom end of the drainage tube (37) is fixedly connected to the surface of the extension tube (28), and the bottom end of the drainage tube (37) is located at the bottom end inside the drainage cavity (35), and the top end of the drainage tube (37) is located at the top end inside the extension tube (28); A drainage port (38), the drainage port (38) is opened at the bottom end of the extension tube (28), and the drainage port (38) is connected to the second drainage cavity (36); A toggle assembly is provided at the top end of the extension tube (28), and the toggle assembly comprises: A support shaft (39), the support shaft (39) is rotatably connected to the top end of the extension tube (28), the top end of the support shaft (39) is fixedly connected to a boss-type lap platform (40), the top end of the through-port three (27) is an inclined arc surface, the lap platform (40) is mounted on the top end of the through-port three (27), the bottom end of the support shaft (39) passes through the extension tube (28) and extends to the interior of the extension tube (28), and the bottom end of the support shaft (39) is fixedly sleeved with an impeller (41); A separation ring (42) is slidably inserted on the surface of the drainage tube (37) and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the extension tube (28); the impeller (41) is rotatably arranged on the inner ring surface of the separation ring (42).

2. The air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The printing platform further comprises a 3D printing platform (3) and a base plate (4), wherein the first through-port (16) is opened on the top of the base plate (4), the second through-port (17) is opened on the top of the 3D printing platform (3), the base plate (4) is superimposed on the top of the 3D printing platform (3), the fastening nut (18) contacts the bottom surface of the 3D printing platform (3), and a driving component (5) is fixedly installed between the 3D printing platform (3) and the bottom end of the printing cavity (202) located inside the additive manufacturing chamber (2).

3. The air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The printing chamber (202) is provided with a feeding plate (7) which is slidably arranged inside the feeding chamber (6), and a driving component (8) is fixedly installed between the feeding plate (7) and the bottom end of the feeding chamber (6).

4. The air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The printing chamber (202) is provided with a second material plate (10) which is slidably arranged inside the printing chamber (202). A third driving assembly (11) is fixedly installed between the second material plate (10) and the bottom of the printing chamber (9).

5. The air-cooled additive manufacturing device based on PBF technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a powder spreading mechanism, which includes a spreading scraper (12) and two motors (13). The spreading scraper (12) is mounted on the top edge of the loading chamber (6). The top of the spreading scraper (12) is threadedly connected to two screws (14). The two screws (14) are both rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the additive manufacturing chamber (2). The two motors (13) are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the additive manufacturing chamber (2). The output ends of the two motors (13) are respectively fixedly connected to the ends of the two screws (14).

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