A spindle assembly device for a split-type gearbox

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of parts assembly auxiliary technology, specifically disclosing a spindle assembly device for a split-type gearbox, including a swing energy absorption mechanism, a gravity sensing mechanism, a holding mechanism, and a housing support. The swing energy absorption mechanism includes a swing spindle, a ratchet swing assembly, an adaptive pressure adjustment assembly, and a friction damping assembly. This invention enables the inner ratchet sleeve to rotate under the influence of a torsion spring when the wide strap is not under stress, and to absorb the kinetic energy of the workpiece's swing by pulling the outer ratchet sleeve when the wide strap is under stress, thereby shortening the workpiece's swing time and stabilizing it more quickly. Furthermore, this invention proposes a hydraulic sensing assembly that adjusts the internal pressure of the cylinder based on the workpiece's own weight when the slider is temporarily unlocked, resulting in the rotational resistance of the outer ratchet sleeve exhibiting an overall trend positively correlated with the spindle weight, reducing the negative impact of resistance-weight mismatch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of parts assembly auxiliary technology, specifically referring to a spindle assembly device for a split-type gearbox. Background Technology

[0002] The split type is a structural form of the gearbox housing, which is generally composed of two parts, upper and lower. When assembling the main shaft, it is generally necessary to first put all the parts such as bearings, gears, and washers onto the main shaft, then install the assembled main shaft on the lower housing, and finally cover and lock the upper housing. The above assembly process is simple and easy to understand. However, in actual operation, since the gearbox main shaft and the parts mounted on it are quite heavy, maintaining the stability of the main shaft itself is a problem.

[0003] Machine tools for processing large parts need to be large and heavy to ensure sufficient rigidity and stability, which is beyond the capabilities of general assembly auxiliary equipment. If rigid limiting is used for the workpiece, the impact on the machine frame and the workpiece itself will be greater (affecting assembly accuracy and equipment lifespan). If flexible limiting is used for the workpiece, the unstable time of the workpiece's reciprocating swing will be longer. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a spindle assembly device for a split gearbox. In order to shorten the unstable time of the workpiece reciprocating oscillation on the basis of flexible limiting, the present invention creatively proposes a ratchet oscillation component. Through the unidirectional transmission of the outer ratchet sleeve and the inner ratchet sleeve, in conjunction with the annularly arranged friction damping component, the inner ratchet sleeve can be driven to rotate by the torsion spring when the wide strap is not under force, and can absorb the kinetic energy of the workpiece oscillation by pulling the outer ratchet sleeve to rotate when the wide strap is under force, thereby shortening the oscillation time of the workpiece and making it more stable.

[0005] Furthermore, the rotational resistance of the external ratchet sleeve is also a difficult point to meet during assembly. The weight difference between the spindle with and without assembled parts can be two to three times. Therefore, if the rotational resistance of the external ratchet sleeve is too small, the energy absorption buffering effect will be insignificant; if the rotational resistance is too large, the workpiece's oscillation may not be able to drive the external ratchet sleeve to rotate, instead increasing the workpiece's instability. To overcome this contradiction, this invention proposes a hydraulic sensing component. When the slider is temporarily unlocked, the internal pressure of the cylinder is adjusted by the weight of the workpiece itself, thereby making the rotational resistance of the external ratchet sleeve exhibit an overall trend positively correlated with the spindle weight, reducing the negative impact of the mismatch between resistance and weight.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The present invention proposes a main shaft assembly device for a split-type gearbox, including a swing energy absorption mechanism, a gravity sensing mechanism, a holding mechanism, and a housing support. The swing energy absorption mechanism includes a swing main shaft, a ratchet swing assembly, an adaptive pressure adjustment assembly, and a friction damping assembly. The swing main shaft is fixedly connected to the gravity sensing mechanism. The ratchet swing assembly is rotatably mounted on the swing main shaft. The adaptive pressure adjustment assembly is fixedly connected inside the ratchet swing assembly. The friction damping assembly is slidably mounted in the adaptive pressure adjustment assembly.

[0007] The holding mechanism is located on the swing spindle and the ratchet swing assembly;

[0008] Furthermore, the ratchet-type oscillating assembly includes an outer ratchet sleeve, and a bearing is provided between the outer ratchet sleeve and the oscillating main shaft. The adaptive pressure regulating assembly includes a hydraulic chamber and a piston plate. The hydraulic chamber is fixedly connected to the outer ratchet sleeve. Guide grooves are evenly distributed in an annular pattern inside the hydraulic chamber. The piston plate is engaged and slidably disposed in the guide grooves. A second through hole is provided on one side of the hydraulic chamber. A first through hole is provided on one side of the outer ratchet sleeve. A rotating connecting plate is rotatably provided outside the second through hole.

[0009] The design of the ratchet swing assembly enables unidirectional transmission between the outer and inner ratchet sleeves. When the holding mechanism swings outward, it rotates only the inner ratchet sleeve, and when the holding mechanism swings inward, it rotates the outer ratchet sleeve together. This achieves the technical effect of absorbing energy and quickly stabilizing the workpiece.

[0010] By using the hydraulic pressure inside the hydraulic chamber, the pressure of each set of friction damping components can be adjusted synchronously and uniformly, thereby achieving the adjustment of the rotational resistance of the external ratchet sleeve, and thus realizing the technical effect that the rotational resistance of the external ratchet sleeve needs to change with the weight of the workpiece.

[0011] Furthermore, the friction damping assembly includes a pressure block, a pressure spring, and a friction pad. The pressure block is engaged and slidably disposed in a guide groove. Guide posts are arranged in an array between the pressure block and the piston plate. The pressure spring is sleeved on the guide posts and disposed between the piston plate and the pressure block. The friction pad is fixed to the swing spindle, and the pressure block and the friction pad are in sliding contact.

[0012] The pressure spring can transmit the hydraulic pressure on the piston plate and press the pressure block against the friction pad, thereby ensuring the rotational resistance of the outer ratchet sleeve. The method of transmitting the hydraulic pressure inside the hydraulic chamber through the pressure spring can also automatically compensate for the position when the friction pad and the pressure block wear, thus avoiding the problem of rapid drop in hydraulic pressure inside the hydraulic chamber when the pressure block wears and displaces under the condition that the piston plate and the pressure block are directly connected.

[0013] Furthermore, the gravity sensing mechanism includes a hydraulic sensing component and a frame assembly, wherein the hydraulic sensing component is symmetrically disposed in the frame assembly.

[0014] Preferably, the hydraulic sensing component includes a cylinder, a telescopic rod, a telescopic spring, and a guide tube. The cylinder is disposed in the frame assembly, the telescopic rod is slidably disposed in the cylinder, the telescopic spring is disposed between the cylinder and the telescopic rod, and the guide tube is disposed between the cylinder and the rotating connecting plate.

[0015] By using a hydraulic sensing component spanning between two swing spindles, the weight of the workpiece can be automatically sensed when the slider is unlocked, and the pressure inside the hydraulic chamber can be adjusted according to the weight of the workpiece, thereby achieving the technical effect that the rotational resistance of the external ratchet sleeve increases with the increase of the workpiece's mass.

[0016] As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the frame assembly includes a frame bracket and a crossbeam bracket, the crossbeam bracket is fixedly connected to the frame bracket, a lockable slider is slidably provided on the frame bracket, the swing spindle is fixedly connected to the slider, and the cylinder is fixedly connected to the crossbeam bracket.

[0017] Furthermore, the holding mechanism includes a center wheel, which is fixed to the center position of the swing spindle. The ratchet swing assembly also includes an inner ratchet sleeve and a torsion spring. The inner ratchet sleeve is rotatably mounted on the outer ratchet sleeve, and the torsion spring is located between the inner ratchet sleeve and the center wheel.

[0018] Supported by the support rollers, the workpiece can rotate, which facilitates the adjustment of the workpiece angle during the installation of parts such as keys and clips.

[0019] Preferably, the holding mechanism further includes a strap assembly, which includes a wide strap, an electromagnetic lock, a thin strap, a retainer, and a support roller. The wide strap is fixed to the inner ratchet sleeve and the center wheel. The electromagnetic lock is located between the wide strap and the thin strap. The retainer is located inside the thin strap. The support roller is rotatably located in the retainer.

[0020] Furthermore, the housing support includes a base plate, a scissor lift platform, and a lifting plate, wherein the scissor lift platform is disposed between the base plate and the lifting plate.

[0021] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows:

[0022] (1) Through the design of the ratchet swing assembly, the outer ratchet sleeve and the inner ratchet sleeve can have a one-way transmission function. When the holding mechanism swings outward, it only rotates the inner ratchet sleeve. When the holding mechanism swings inward, it will rotate the outer ratchet sleeve together, thereby achieving the technical effect of absorbing energy and stabilizing the workpiece quickly.

[0023] (2) By using the hydraulic pressure inside the hydraulic chamber, the pressure of each set of friction damping components can be adjusted synchronously and uniformly, thereby realizing the adjustment of the rotational resistance of the external ratchet sleeve, and thus achieving the technical effect that the rotational resistance of the external ratchet sleeve needs to change with the weight of the workpiece.

[0024] (3) The hydraulic pressure on the piston plate can be transmitted by the pressure spring and the pressure block can be pressed on the friction pad, thereby ensuring the rotational resistance of the outer ratchet sleeve. The method of transmitting the hydraulic pressure inside the hydraulic chamber by the pressure spring can also automatically perform position compensation when the friction pad and the pressure block are worn, thereby avoiding the problem of rapid drop in hydraulic pressure inside the hydraulic chamber when the pressure block is worn and displaced under the direct connection of the piston plate and the pressure block.

[0025] (4) By using a hydraulic sensing component spanning between two swing spindles, the weight of the workpiece can be automatically sensed when the slider is unlocked, and the pressure inside the hydraulic chamber can be adjusted according to the weight of the workpiece, thereby achieving the technical effect that the rotational resistance of the external ratchet sleeve increases with the increase of the mass of the workpiece.

[0026] (5) With the support of the support rollers, the workpiece can rotate, which makes it convenient to adjust the angle of the workpiece during the installation of parts such as keys and buckles. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a split-type gearbox main shaft assembly device proposed in this invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a front view of the spindle assembly device for a split-type gearbox proposed in this invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a left view of the main shaft assembly device for a split-type gearbox proposed in this invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a top view of a split-type gearbox main shaft assembly device proposed in this invention;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along section line AA;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A cross-sectional view along the cutting line BB;

[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 3 A cross-sectional view along the section line CC;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a half-sectional structural diagram of the main shaft assembly device for a split gearbox proposed in this invention;

[0035] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A magnified view of a section at point I;

[0036] Figure 10 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of a section at point II;

[0037] Figure 11 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of a section at point III;

[0038] Figure 12 A schematic diagram showing the swing direction of the spindle workpiece.

[0039] Among them, 1. Oscillating energy absorption mechanism, 2. Gravity sensing mechanism, 3. Holding mechanism, 4. Housing support, 5. Oscillating main shaft, 6. Racket-type oscillating assembly, 7. Adaptive pressure adjustment assembly, 8. Friction damping assembly, 9. Bearing, 10. Outer ratchet sleeve, 11. Inner ratchet sleeve, 12. Torsion spring, 13. Hydraulic chamber, 14. Piston plate, 15. Rotating connecting plate, 16. Pressure block, 17. Pressure spring, 18. Friction pad, 19. Through hole one, 20. Guide 21. Through hole two, 22. Guide post, 23. Hydraulic sensing component, 24. Frame assembly, 25. Cylinder, 26. Telescopic rod, 27. Telescopic spring, 28. Guide tube, 29. Frame bracket, 30. Crossbeam bracket, 31. Center wheel, 32. Strap assembly, 33. Wide strap, 34. Electromagnetic lock, 35. Thin strap, 36. Cage, 37. Support roller, 38. Base plate, 39. Scissor lift platform, 40. Lifting plate, 41. Slider.

[0040] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0043] like Figures 1-11 As shown, the present invention proposes a main shaft assembly device for a split gearbox, including a swing energy absorption mechanism 1, a gravity sensing mechanism 2, a holding mechanism 3, and a housing support 4. The swing energy absorption mechanism 1 includes a swing main shaft 5, a ratchet swing assembly 6, an adaptive pressure adjustment assembly 7, and a friction damping assembly 8. The swing main shaft 5 is fixedly connected to the gravity sensing mechanism 2, the ratchet swing assembly 6 is rotatably mounted on the swing main shaft 5, the adaptive pressure adjustment assembly 7 is fixedly connected inside the ratchet swing assembly 6, and the friction damping assembly 8 is slidably mounted in the adaptive pressure adjustment assembly 7.

[0044] The holding mechanism 3 is located on the swing spindle 5 and the ratchet swing assembly 6;

[0045] The ratchet-type oscillating assembly 6 includes an outer ratchet sleeve 10, and a bearing 9 is provided between the outer ratchet sleeve 10 and the oscillating main shaft 5. The adaptive pressure regulating assembly 7 includes a hydraulic chamber 13 and a piston plate 14. The hydraulic chamber 13 is fixedly connected to the outer ratchet sleeve 10. Guide grooves 20 are evenly distributed in an annular pattern inside the hydraulic chamber 13. The piston plate 14 is engaged and slidably disposed in the guide grooves 20. A second through hole 21 is provided on one side of the hydraulic chamber 13. A first through hole 19 is provided on one side of the outer ratchet sleeve 10. A rotating connecting plate 15 is rotatably provided outside the second through hole 21.

[0046] By designing the ratchet swing assembly 6, the outer ratchet sleeve 10 and the inner ratchet sleeve 11 can have a unidirectional transmission function. Thus, when the holding mechanism 3 swings outward, it only rotates the inner ratchet sleeve 11, and when the holding mechanism 3 swings inward, it will rotate the outer ratchet sleeve 10 together, thereby achieving the technical effect of absorbing energy and quickly stabilizing the workpiece.

[0047] The hydraulic pressure inside the hydraulic chamber 13 allows for synchronous and uniform pressure adjustment of each set of friction damping components 8, thereby achieving adjustment of the rotational resistance of the external ratchet sleeve 10. This enables the external ratchet sleeve 10 to change its rotational resistance with the weight of the workpiece.

[0048] The swing energy absorption mechanism 1 also includes a friction damping assembly 8, which includes a pressure block 16, a pressure spring 17, and a friction pad 18. The pressure block 16 is engaged and slidably disposed in the guide groove 20. Guide posts 22 are arranged in an array between the pressure block 16 and the piston plate 14. The pressure spring 17 is sleeved on the guide post 22 and is disposed between the piston plate 14 and the pressure block 16. The friction pad 18 is fixed to the swing main shaft 5, and there is sliding contact between the pressure block 16 and the friction pad 18.

[0049] The pressure spring 17 can transmit the hydraulic pressure on the piston plate 14 and press the pressure block 16 onto the friction pad 18, thereby ensuring the rotational resistance of the outer ratchet sleeve 10. The method of transmitting the hydraulic pressure inside the hydraulic chamber 13 through the pressure spring 17 can also automatically perform position compensation when the friction pad 18 and the pressure block 16 wear, thereby avoiding the problem of rapid drop in hydraulic pressure inside the hydraulic chamber 13 when the pressure block 16 wears and displaces under the direct connection between the piston plate 14 and the pressure block 16.

[0050] The gravity sensing mechanism 2 includes a hydraulic sensing component 23 and a frame assembly 24, with the hydraulic sensing component 23 symmetrically arranged in the frame assembly 24.

[0051] The hydraulic sensing component 23 includes a cylinder 25, a telescopic rod 26, a telescopic spring 27, and a guide tube 28. The cylinder 25 is located in the frame assembly 24, the telescopic rod 26 is slidably located in the cylinder 25, the telescopic spring 27 is located between the cylinder 25 and the telescopic rod 26, and the guide tube 28 is located between the cylinder 25 and the rotating connecting plate 15.

[0052] By using the hydraulic sensing component 23 spanning between the two swing spindles 5, the weight of the workpiece can be automatically sensed when the slider 41 is unlocked, and the pressure inside the hydraulic chamber 13 can be adjusted according to the weight of the workpiece, thereby achieving the technical effect that the rotational resistance of the external ratchet sleeve 10 increases with the increase of the mass of the workpiece.

[0053] The frame assembly 24 includes a frame bracket 29 and a crossbeam bracket 30. The crossbeam bracket 30 is fixedly connected to the frame bracket 29. A lockable slider 41 is slidably provided on the frame bracket 29. The swing spindle 5 is fixedly connected to the slider 41. The cylinder 25 is fixedly connected to the crossbeam bracket 30.

[0054] The holding mechanism 3 includes a center wheel 31, which is fixed to the center of the swing spindle 5. The ratchet swing assembly 6 also includes an inner ratchet sleeve 11 and a torsion spring 12. The inner ratchet sleeve 11 is rotatably mounted on the outer ratchet sleeve 10, and the torsion spring 12 is located between the inner ratchet sleeve 11 and the center wheel 31.

[0055] Supported by the support roller 37, the workpiece can rotate, which facilitates the adjustment of the workpiece angle during the installation of parts such as keys and clips.

[0056] The retaining mechanism 3 also includes a strap assembly 32, which includes a wide strap 33, an electromagnetic lock 34, a thin strap 35, a retainer 36, and a support roller 37. The wide strap 33 is fixed to the inner ratchet sleeve 11 and the center wheel 31. The electromagnetic lock 34 is located between the wide strap 33 and the thin strap 35. The retainer 36 is located inside the thin strap 35. The support roller 37 is rotatably located in the retainer 36.

[0057] The housing support 4 includes a base plate 38, a scissor lift platform 39, and a lifting plate 40, with the scissor lift platform 39 located between the base plate 38 and the lifting plate 40.

[0058] like Figure 12 As shown, the circle at the top represents the inner ratchet sleeve 11, the single arrow indicates the direction of independent rotation of the inner ratchet sleeve 11, and the double arrow indicates the direction of rotation of the inner ratchet sleeve 11 together with the outer ratchet sleeve 10; the circle at the bottom represents the workpiece and the strap assembly 32, and the dotted line indicates the position of the workpiece when it swings to the sides; when the workpiece swings to the left, the wide strap 33 on the right is taut and the wide strap 33 on the left is slack. At this time, the inner ratchet sleeve 11 on the left rotates under the elastic force of the torsion spring 12. When the workpiece swings back, the wide strap 33 on the left is stressed. At this time, the rotational resistance of the outer ratchet sleeve 10 can absorb the kinetic energy of the workpiece and accelerate the stabilization speed of the workpiece.

[0059] In practical use, the user first needs to wrap the workpiece with three sets of thin straps 35 and fix it with electromagnetic lock 34. At this time, under the support of the support roller 37, the workpiece can rotate in the thin straps 35. When installing parts that need to be aligned, such as keys and buckles, the angle can be adjusted by rotating the workpiece.

[0060] After the spindle is installed, first unlock the slider 41 to allow it to slide freely. The two swing spindles 5 will move closer to each other under the pull of the workpiece, and overcome the elastic force of the telescopic spring 27 to make the telescopic rod 26 retract toward the cylinder 25. At this time, the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic chamber 13 will also increase, and at the same time, the compression of the pressure spring 17 will increase, which will increase the clamping force between the pressure block 16 and the friction pad 18, as well as the rotational resistance of the outer ratchet sleeve 10. The greater the mass of the workpiece, the greater the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic chamber 13 and the rotational resistance of the outer ratchet sleeve 10 will be. Then lock the slider 41, and the parts can be installed.

[0061] Because the spindle and its components are quite heavy, using a rigid frame for limiting them would significantly increase the impact on the frame and components, affecting the service life of the equipment. This solution uses a flexible limiting method to fix the workpiece. During the assembly process, the spindle will inevitably swing.

[0062] When the spindle swings to one side, the wide strap 33 on the same side loosens, while the wide strap 33 on the opposite side tightens. The inner ratchet sleeve 11 on the same side rotates under the elastic force of the torsion spring 12 and wraps around the loose wide strap 33. At this time, the outer ratchet sleeve 10 will not rotate with the inner ratchet sleeve 11. The inner ratchet sleeve 11 on the opposite side will also rotate under the pull of the wide strap 33, but the rotation angle is smaller than that on the same side.

[0063] When the spindle swings back, the wide strap 33 that has been wound on the same side is stressed again and rotates with the inner ratchet sleeve 11. At this time, the outer ratchet sleeve 10 will rotate with the inner ratchet sleeve 11 and absorb the kinetic energy of the workpiece through its own resistance, so that its speed decreases when it swings to the lowest point.

[0064] In summary, when the wide strap 33 swings toward the outside of the equipment, the inner ratchet sleeve 11 and the outer ratchet sleeve 10 rotate relative to each other and wrap around the wide strap 33 through the torsion spring 12; when the wide strap 33 swings toward the inside of the equipment, the inner ratchet sleeve 11 and the outer ratchet sleeve 10 rotate synchronously, absorbing the kinetic energy of the spindle swing; thereby accelerating the speed at which the spindle returns to stability.

[0065] When the installation of some parts causes a significant increase in the weight of the spindle, the slider 41 can be unlocked again. Once the extension and internal pressure of the hydraulic sensing component 23 correspond to the weight of the spindle again, the slider 41 can be locked to continue the installation.

[0066] If a part located between the strap assemblies 32 needs to be installed from the end, the strap assemblies 32 in the corresponding direction need to be temporarily removed. However, since there are still at least two sets of strap assemblies 32 binding the workpiece, the safety of the workpiece can still be maintained with the manual assistance of the operator.

[0067] After the parts are installed, the lifting platform 40 and the lower housing of the gearbox are raised to a suitable height using the scissor lift platform 39. The main shaft is placed in the correct position in the housing, and then the electromagnetic lock 34 is unlocked, allowing all the thin straps 35 to be removed.

[0068] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0069] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spindle assembly device for a split-type gearbox, characterized in that: The device includes a swing energy absorption mechanism (1), a gravity sensing mechanism (2), a holding mechanism (3), and a housing support (4). The swing energy absorption mechanism (1) includes a swing main shaft (5), a ratchet swing assembly (6), an adaptive pressure regulating assembly (7), and a friction damping assembly (8). The swing main shaft (5) is fixed to the gravity sensing mechanism (2). The ratchet swing assembly (6) is rotatably mounted on the swing main shaft (5). The adaptive pressure regulating assembly (7) is fixed inside the ratchet swing assembly (6). The friction damping assembly (8) is slidably mounted in the adaptive pressure regulating assembly (7). The holding mechanism (3) is mounted on the swing spindle (5) and the ratchet swing assembly (6); The ratchet-type swing assembly (6) includes an outer ratchet sleeve (10), and a bearing (9) is provided between the outer ratchet sleeve (10) and the swing spindle (5). The adaptive pressure regulating assembly (7) includes a hydraulic chamber (13) and a piston plate (14). The hydraulic chamber (13) is fixed in the outer ratchet sleeve (10). The interior of the hydraulic chamber (13) is provided with guide grooves (20) evenly distributed in an annular pattern. The piston plate (14) is engaged and slidably disposed in the guide grooves (20). One side of the hydraulic chamber (13) is provided with a second through hole (21). One side of the outer ratchet sleeve (10) is provided with a first through hole (19). A rotating connecting plate (15) is rotatably provided outside the second through hole (21). The friction damping assembly (8) includes a pressure block (16), a pressure spring (17), and a friction pad (18). The pressure block (16) is engaged and slidably disposed in the guide groove (20). Guide posts (22) are arranged in an array between the pressure block (16) and the piston plate (14). The pressure spring (17) is sleeved on the guide post (22) and is disposed between the piston plate (14) and the pressure block (16). The friction pad (18) is fixed to the swing spindle (5). The pressure block (16) and the friction pad (18) are in sliding contact. The gravity sensing mechanism (2) includes a hydraulic sensing component (23) and a frame assembly (24), wherein the hydraulic sensing component (23) is symmetrically arranged in the frame assembly (24); The hydraulic sensing component (23) includes a cylinder (25), a telescopic rod (26), a telescopic spring (27), and a guide tube (28). The cylinder (25) is located in the frame assembly (24). The telescopic rod (26) is slidably located in the cylinder (25). The telescopic spring (27) is located between the cylinder (25) and the telescopic rod (26). The guide tube (28) is located between the cylinder (25) and the rotating connecting plate (15). The holding mechanism (3) includes a center wheel (31), which is fixed to the center of the swing spindle (5). The ratchet swing assembly (6) also includes an inner ratchet sleeve (11) and a torsion spring (12). The inner ratchet sleeve (11) is rotatably mounted on the outer ratchet sleeve (10), and the torsion spring (12) is located between the inner ratchet sleeve (11) and the center wheel (31). The holding mechanism (3) further includes a strap assembly (32), which includes a wide strap (33), an electromagnetic lock (34), a thin strap (35), a retainer (36), and a support roller (37). The wide strap (33) is fixed to the inner ratchet sleeve (11) and the center wheel (31). The electromagnetic lock (34) is located between the wide strap (33) and the thin strap (35). The retainer (36) is located inside the thin strap (35). The support roller (37) is rotatably located in the retainer (36).

2. The main shaft assembly device for a split-type gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame assembly (24) includes a frame bracket (29) and a beam bracket (30). The beam bracket (30) is fixed in the frame bracket (29). A lockable slider (41) is slidably provided on the frame bracket (29). The swing spindle (5) is fixed in the slider (41). The cylinder (25) is fixed in the beam bracket (30).

3. The main shaft assembly device for a split-type gearbox according to claim 2, characterized in that: The housing support (4) includes a base plate (38), a scissor lift platform (39) and a lifting plate (40), wherein the scissor lift platform (39) is located between the base plate (38) and the lifting plate (40).

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