Rail turnout monitoring system and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a rail turnout monitoring system and monitoring method, and relates to the technical field of rail monitoring. The rail turnout monitoring system comprises a stock rail measuring mechanism and a switch rail measuring mechanism, the stock rail measuring mechanism comprises a first measuring support connected with a sleeper, and a first measuring magnet and a second measuring magnet are arranged on the first measuring support; the switch rail measuring mechanism comprises a second measuring support connected with the switch rail, and a third measuring magnet and a fourth measuring magnet are arranged on the second measuring support. The stock rail is further provided with an installation frame, and the installation frame is provided with a crawling sensor, a transverse movement sensor and a vibration sensor. According to the rail turnout monitoring system and the monitoring method, real-time monitoring of the close attaching state, the creeping amount, the transverse movement amount and the vibration condition of a turnout is achieved through the magnetic field induction principle, and the rail turnout monitoring system and the monitoring method have the advantages of high precision, high reliability, strong anti-interference capability and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of track monitoring, and in particular to a railway switch monitoring system and a monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] Railway safety is crucial to public safety, as it's a primary mode of transportation. Turnouts, crucial connecting devices on railway lines, enable rolling stock to switch from one track to another, effectively switching between tracks. After a period of operation, the turnouts may deviate from their original preset positions, creating a gap. Once the size of the gap exceeds the specified value, it not only limits train speed, exacerbates train vibration, and reduces comfort when passing through the turnout, but can also cause the line to close, leading to trains traveling in the wrong direction or derailing, jeopardizing operational safety. Therefore, key parameters for turnout monitoring and control currently include the contact and repulsion values during fixed / reverse locking, as well as dynamic displacement changes during train passage and turnout switching.

[0003] The main methods for detecting turnout fit include indirect detection of the switch rod gap and image-based displacement detection. The indirect detection method for the switch rod gap is limited in that the gap is designed inside the switch, and the rod and the connecting rod of the external switch rail are both movable, resulting in a gap. Furthermore, the deviation of the switch rail axis from the switch rod axis due to the creep of the switch rail also causes additional gap offset. Therefore, the switch rod gap can only indirectly reflect the fit of the turnout and is difficult to accurately determine. Direct displacement detection based on images is susceptible to various adverse environmental influences (such as light, dust, rain, and snow), making it difficult to meet the requirements of all-weather on-site applications.

[0004] Therefore, the existing technology needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the switch monitoring technology in the prior art has large errors and cannot be monitored in real time around the clock. The purpose is to provide a railway switch monitoring system and monitoring method, which adopts corresponding technical solutions and realizes real-time and accurate monitoring of the switch status through the magnetic field induction principle, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a railway switch monitoring system, which includes a stock rail measuring mechanism and a point rail measuring mechanism. The stock rail measuring mechanism includes a measuring bracket 1 connected to the sleeper, and the measuring bracket 1 is provided with a measuring magnet 1 and a measuring magnet 2. The switch rail measuring mechanism includes a second measuring bracket connected to the switch rail, and the second measuring bracket is provided with a third measuring magnet and a fourth measuring magnet. The base rail is also provided with a mounting frame, which is provided with a creep sensor, a lateral movement sensor and a vibration sensor. The creep sensor is provided with a first sensing probe parallel to the base rail, and the lateral movement sensor is provided with a second sensing probe perpendicular to the base rail. Part of the induction probe 1 and part of the induction probe 2 are respectively located within the magnetic field range of the measuring magnet 1 and the measuring magnet 2, and the remaining part of the induction probe 1 and the remaining part of the induction probe 2 are respectively located within the magnetic field range of the measuring magnet 3 and the measuring magnet 4.

[0007] Furthermore, in the present invention, the above-mentioned mounting frame includes two mutually connected fixing blocks, and the fixing blocks are provided with dovetail grooves for respectively clamping the two sides of the base rail or the point rail.

[0008] Furthermore, in the present invention, the above-mentioned measuring bracket 1 includes a U-shaped frame surrounding the sleeper, and a cross bar is provided on the top of the U-shaped frame, and the cross bar is bolted to the U-shaped frame.

[0009] Furthermore, in the present invention, the cross bar is connected to a support plate 1, the cross bar is provided with a plurality of connection holes, the support plate 1 is provided with screws that cooperate with the connection holes, and the measuring magnet 1 and the measuring magnet 2 are connected to the support plate 1.

[0010] Furthermore, in the present invention, the creep sensor and the lateral movement sensor are both provided with a threaded connection sleeve, and the threaded connection sleeve is provided with a connecting nut.

[0011] Furthermore, in the present invention, the threaded connection sleeve is provided with a serrated gasket and an anti-rotation gasket, the anti-rotation gasket is provided with a lock buckle, and the mounting frame is provided with a lock hole for inserting the lock buckle.

[0012] Furthermore, in the present invention, the first induction probe is located directly below the first measuring magnet and the third measuring magnet, and the second induction probe is located directly below the second measuring magnet and the fourth measuring magnet.

[0013] Furthermore, in the present invention, the above-mentioned measuring bracket 2 includes a fixing seat connected to the point rail, the fixing seat is connected to the mounting plate, the mounting plate is provided with two support plates 2, and the measuring magnet 3 and the measuring magnet 4 are connected to the support plate 2.

[0014] Furthermore, in the present invention, the fixing seat and the mounting plate are connected by bolts.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a monitoring method, which uses a railway switch monitoring system and also includes the following method: When the base rail moves laterally or creeps, the relative positions of the induction probe 1 and the induction probe 2 change compared to the measuring magnet 1 and the measuring magnet 2. The creeping sensor and the lateral movement sensor transmit the collected position data to the back-end processor, and the processor calculates the lateral movement and creeping values of the base rail through the data. The vibration sensor is used to measure the vibration signal of the base rail. When the point rail is in close contact with the base rail and shows repulsion or creeping, since the measuring magnet three and the measuring magnet four installed on the point rail have relative position changes with the lateral displacement sensor and the creeping sensor respectively, the lateral displacement sensor and the creeping sensor transmit the collected data to the back-end processor. The processor calculates the close contact, repulsion and creeping values of the point rail relative to the base rail through the data, and then superimposes them with the lateral displacement and creeping values of the base rail to calculate the actual close contact, repulsion or creeping values of the point rail relative to the track.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: 1. High-precision monitoring: The railway switch monitoring system and monitoring method of the present invention adopt the principle of magnetic field induction, and use the relative position changes of induction probe 1 and induction probe 2 compared with measuring magnet 1 and measuring magnet 2, and the relative position changes of induction probe 1 and induction probe 2 compared with measuring magnet 3 and measuring magnet 4 to obtain the actual close contact repulsion or creeping value, avoiding the influence of mechanical connection gap and environmental factors on the monitoring results, improving the monitoring accuracy, and not being affected by the weather environment.

[0017] 2. Comprehensive monitoring: It can simultaneously monitor the close contact status, creepage and vibration of the turnout to achieve all-round monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the examples. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope. A person of ordinary skill in the art can also derive other relevant drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a railway switch monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front schematic diagram of the stock rail measuring mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the back side of the stock rail measuring mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a switch rail measuring mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of point A in soil 4; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a fixing block according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a measuring bracket 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] The marks and corresponding parts names in the accompanying drawings are: 1-Measuring bracket one, 101-U-shaped frame, 102-cross bar, 1021-connecting hole, 1022-dovetail slot, 103-support plate one, 2-mounting frame, 201-fixing block, 202-dovetail slot, 203-locking hole, 3-measuring magnet one, 4-creep sensor, 401-sensing probe one, 5-lateral movement sensor, 501-sensing probe two, 6-vibration sensor, 7-measuring bracket two, 701-fixing seat, 702-mounting plate, 703-support plate two, 8-measuring magnet two, 9-measuring magnet three, 10-serrated gasket, 11-anti-rotation gasket, 1101-locking buckle, 12-threaded connection sleeve, 1201-connecting nut, 13-measuring magnet four. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with examples and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "multiple" means at least 2. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a communication between the internal parts of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] Example 1 Combine Figures 1 to 7As shown, this is a railway switch monitoring system provided in Example 1 of the present invention, and the specific structure is described as follows.

[0025] Combine Figure 1 As shown, the railway switch monitoring system of the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes a base rail measuring mechanism and a point rail measuring mechanism. The base rail measuring mechanism is used to measure the creepage, lateral displacement (close adhesion repulsion value) and vibration of the base rail, and the point rail measuring mechanism is used to measure the creepage and lateral displacement (close adhesion repulsion value) of the point rail.

[0026] Combine Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the stock rail measuring mechanism primarily includes a measuring bracket 1, which consists of a U-shaped frame 101 and a crossbar 102. The U-shaped frame 101 is a long, U-shaped metal strip, while the crossbar 102 is a straight angle iron. The U-shaped frame 101 includes a horizontal bottom plate and two vertical side plates, enclosing the bottom and two side surfaces of the sleeper.

[0027] Combine Figure 7 As shown, the crossbar 102 is installed on the top surface of the sleeper, a dovetail slot 1022 is provided at the bottom of the crossbar 102, and a card block corresponding to the dovetail slot 1022 is provided on the top of the side plate of the U-shaped frame 101. During installation, the card block on the top of the U-shaped frame 101 is inserted into the dovetail slot 1022, so that the U-shaped frame 101 and the crossbar 102 form a stable supporting structure, thereby realizing a fixed connection between the measuring bracket 1 and the sleeper.

[0028] Further, combined Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a support plate 103 is mounted on crossbar 102. Two iron plates are attached to support plate 103. Measuring magnets 1 (3) and 2 (8) are fixedly mounted at their bases, providing a stable magnetic field. The fixed connection between measuring bracket 1 and the sleeper ensures the stable position of measuring magnets 1 (3) and 2 (8).

[0029] When explanation is needed, combine Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of connection holes 1021 are provided on the crossbar 102, and the support plate 103 can be adjusted to connect with different connection holes 1021 according to actual needs, and then the position of the support plate 103 can be adjusted according to actual needs, so as to accurately install the measuring magnet 1 3 and the measuring magnet 2 8.

[0030] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the basic rail measuring mechanism also includes a group of mounting frames 2, creeping sensors 4, lateral movement sensors 5, and vibration sensors 6. One group includes two mounting frames 2, two creeping sensors 4, two lateral movement sensors 5, and two vibration sensors 6, which are symmetrically installed on the two rails of the basic rail.

[0031] Combine Figure 2 As shown, a mounting frame 2 includes a fixing block 201, and two fixing blocks 201 are provided with dovetail grooves 202. The two fixing blocks 201 clamp the bottom of both sides of a rail through the dovetail grooves 202. In addition, the right fixing block 201 is connected to a screw rod passing through the left fixing block 201. A fastening nut is installed on the left screw rod, forcing the two fixing blocks 201 to clamp the rail, thereby achieving a better fixing effect. Figure 2 As shown, the left fixed block 201 is located inside the rail and is mounted with a vibration sensor 6. The left fixed block 201 is located outside the rail and is mounted with a creep sensor 4 and a traverse sensor 5. Creep sensor 4 is connected to a first sensing probe 401 parallel to the base rail, while traverse sensor 5 is connected to a second sensing probe 501 perpendicular to the base rail. The first sensing probe 401 passes directly under the second measuring magnet 8, while the second sensing probe 501 passes directly under the first measuring magnet 3.

[0032] In this embodiment, the point rail measuring mechanism mainly includes a set of measuring bracket 2 7, measuring magnet 3 9, measuring magnet 4 13, mounting frame 2, creep sensor 4, and lateral displacement sensor 5, each of which is two in number and symmetrically installed on the point rail or the base rail. Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, measuring bracket 2 7 consists of a fixing base 701, a mounting plate 702, and a second support plate 703. Fixing base 701 is fixed to the switch rail via bolts and welding, while mounting plate 702 is bolted to fixing base 701. Mounting plate 702 has a transverse slot through which bolts pass to facilitate position adjustment. Two second support plates 703 are fixed to mounting plate 702 and are used to mount measuring magnets 3 9 and 4 13.

[0033] The installation method of the mounting frame 2, creeping sensor 4, and lateral movement sensor 5 in the point rail measuring mechanism is the same as that of the mounting frame 2, creeping sensor 4, and lateral movement sensor 5 in the base rail measuring mechanism, except that the creeping sensor 4 and lateral movement sensor 5 in the base rail measuring mechanism are located on the outside of the base rail, while the creeping sensor 4 and lateral movement sensor 5 in the point rail measuring mechanism are located on the inside of the base rail, and the creeping sensor 4 and lateral movement sensor 5 in the point rail measuring mechanism are close to the measuring magnet 3 9 and the measuring magnet 4 13. And as Figure 4As shown, the creep sensor 4 and the lateral movement sensor 5 in the point rail measuring mechanism have induction probe 1 401 and induction probe 2 501 respectively located directly below the measuring magnet 4 13 and directly below the measuring magnet 3 9, ensuring that the sensors can accurately detect changes in the magnetic field.

[0034] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the measuring magnet 1 3, the measuring magnet 2 8 and the two iron sheets on the support plate 103 are integrally injection molded, and the measuring magnet 3 9, the measuring magnet 4 13 and the two support plates 2 703 on the mounting plate 702 are integrally injection molded.

[0035] In this embodiment, in order to achieve the fastening installation of the lateral movement sensor 5 and the vibration sensor 6, a threaded connection sleeve 12 is installed on the housing of the lateral movement sensor 5 and the vibration sensor 6. Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, two mounting plates are provided on the fixed block 201. Each plate has a through-hole formed therein, and multiple locking holes 203 are formed around the through-hole. During installation, the threaded connection sleeves 12 of the lateral movement sensor 5 and the vibration sensor 6 are passed through the through-holes from one side until the stepped end faces abut against the mounting plates. An anti-rotation washer 11, two serrated washers 10, and a connecting nut 1201 are then installed from the other side of the mounting plates. The connecting nut 1201 compresses the serrated washers 10 and anti-rotation washer 11.

[0036] Further, combined Figure 5 As shown, a lock buckle 1101 is provided on the edge of the anti-rotation gasket 11. The lock buckle 1101 is a strip-shaped protrusion. The lock buckle 1101 is inserted into the lock hole 203, which has a good anti-loosening effect.

[0037] The creep sensor 4, lateral movement sensor 5, and vibration sensor 6 are fixed to the mounting bracket 2 via threaded sleeves 12 and connecting nuts 1201. The serrated washers 10 and anti-rotation washers 11 prevent the sensors from rotating during long-term use, and the locking buckle 1101 inserted into the lock hole 203 further enhances the fixing effect.

[0038] Position of the induction probe: The induction probe 1 401 is located directly below the measuring magnet 1 3 and the measuring magnet 3 9, and the induction probe 2 501 is located directly below the measuring magnet 2 8 and the measuring magnet 4 13, to ensure that the sensor can accurately detect changes in the magnetic field.

[0039] Example 2 The monitoring method of this embodiment 2 adopts the railway switch monitoring system in embodiment 1. When the base rail shifts or creeps, the measuring bracket 1 remains stationary with the sleeper, while the positions of the creeping sensor 4 and the lateral displacement sensor 5 mounted on the mounting bracket 2 change relative to each other. The relative positions between the measuring magnet 1 3, the measuring magnet 2 8 and the sensing probe 1 401, the sensing probe 2 501 change, causing the magnetic field strength detected by the lateral displacement sensor 5 and the creeping sensor 4 to change. The lateral displacement sensor 5 and the creeping sensor 4 transmit electrical signals to the back-end processor, which converts the electrical signals into the lateral displacement and creeping amounts of the base rail through a pre-calibrated algorithm. The vibration sensor 6 monitors the vibration of the base rail in real time, providing supplementary data for the switch status assessment.

[0040] When the switch rail experiences a change in contact, separation, or creep relative to the base rail, measuring bracket 2 7 moves with the switch rail, changing the relative positions of measuring magnets 3 9 and 4 13 and sensing probes 1 401 and 2 501. The traverse sensor 5 and creep sensor 4 transmit signals to the backend processor, which first calculates the contact, separation, and creep values of the switch rail relative to the base rail. This is then combined with the base rail's own traverse and creep values to ultimately determine the actual contact, separation, or creep value of the switch rail relative to the track.

[0041] The back-end processor filters, analyzes and compares the data collected by the sensor and sets the alarm threshold. When the monitoring data exceeds the threshold, the system automatically sends an alarm signal to remind maintenance personnel to deal with it in time. The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A railway switch monitoring system, characterized in that: Including the basic rail measuring mechanism and the point rail measuring mechanism, The stock rail measuring mechanism comprises a measuring bracket (1) connected to the sleeper, wherein the measuring bracket (1) is provided with a measuring magnet (3) and a measuring magnet (8). The point rail measuring mechanism comprises a second measuring bracket (7) connected to the point rail, wherein the second measuring bracket (7) is provided with a third measuring magnet (9) and a fourth measuring magnet (13). The base rail is further provided with a mounting frame (2), the mounting frame (2) being provided with a creeping sensor (4), a lateral movement sensor (5) and a vibration sensor (6), the creeping sensor (4) being provided with a first sensing probe (401) parallel to the base rail, the lateral movement sensor (5) being provided with a second sensing probe (501) perpendicular to the base rail, Part of the induction probe 1 (401) and part of the induction probe 2 (501) are respectively located within the magnetic field range of the measuring magnet 1 (3) and the measuring magnet 2 (8), and the remaining part of the induction probe 1 (401) and the remaining part of the induction probe 2 (501) are respectively located within the magnetic field range of the measuring magnet 3 (9) and the measuring magnet 4 (13).

2. The railway switch monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting frame (2) comprises two mutually connected fixing blocks (201), wherein the fixing blocks (201) are provided with dovetail grooves (202) for respectively clamping two sides of the base rail or the point rail.

3. The railway switch monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring bracket 1 (1) comprises a U-shaped frame (101) surrounding a sleeper, a crossbar (102) is provided on the top of the U-shaped frame (101), and the crossbar (102) is bolted to the U-shaped frame (101).

4. The railway switch monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross bar (102) is connected to a support plate 1 (103), the cross bar (102) is provided with a plurality of connection holes (1021), the support plate 1 (103) is provided with screws that match the connection holes (1021), and the measuring magnet 1 (3) and the measuring magnet 2 (8) are connected to the support plate 1 (103).

5. The railway switch monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The creep sensor (4) and the lateral movement sensor (5) are both provided with a threaded connection sleeve (12), and the threaded connection sleeve (12) is provided with a connecting nut (1201).

6. The railway switch monitoring system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The threaded connection sleeve (12) is provided with a serrated gasket (10) and an anti-rotation gasket (11), the anti-rotation gasket (11) is provided with a lock buckle (1101), and the mounting frame (2) is provided with a lock hole (203) for inserting the lock buckle (1101).

7. The railway switch monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The induction probe 1 (401) is located directly below the measuring magnet 1 (3) and the measuring magnet 3 (9), and the induction probe 2 (501) is located directly below the measuring magnet 2 (8) and the measuring magnet 4 (13).

8. The railway switch monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second measuring bracket (7) includes a fixing seat (701) connected to the point rail, the fixing seat (701) is connected to the mounting plate (702), the mounting plate (702) is provided with two second supporting plates (703), and the third measuring magnet (9) and the fourth measuring magnet (13) are connected to the second supporting plate (703).

9. The railway switch monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fixing seat (701) and the mounting plate (702) are connected by bolts.

10. A monitoring method, characterized in that: The railway switch monitoring system according to claim 1 further comprises the following method: When the basic rail moves laterally or creeps, the relative positions of the induction probe 1 (401) and the induction probe 2 (501) change compared to the measuring magnet 1 (3) and the measuring magnet 2 (8). The creeping sensor (4) and the lateral movement sensor (5) transmit the collected position data to the back-end processor. The processor calculates the lateral movement and creeping values of the basic rail through the data. The vibration sensor (6) is used to measure the vibration signal of the basic rail. When the pointed rail is in close contact with the base rail and repulsion or creeping occurs, since the measuring magnet three (9) and the measuring magnet four (13) installed on the pointed rail have relative position changes with the lateral displacement sensor (5) and the creeping sensor (4), the lateral displacement sensor (5) and the creeping sensor (4) transmit the collected data to the back-end processor, and the processor calculates the close contact repulsion and creeping values of the pointed rail relative to the base rail through the data, and then superimposes them with the lateral displacement and creeping values of the base rail to calculate the actual close contact repulsion or creeping values of the pointed rail relative to the track.

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