Bacterium, algae and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of ecology, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a bacterium, algae and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket, the bacterium, algae and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket comprises an upper layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer, the upper layer is a protective fiber tissue layer, the middle layer is a mixture of strains, algae seeds, grass seeds, a matrix and a binder, the bottom layer is a shaping supporting layer, and the shaping supporting layer is made of a plastic material. The upper layer, the middle layer and the bottom layer are bonded or sewn together. The biological method for treating stony desertification, desertification, mine crashes, inferior lands and engineering bare lands by applying an ecological blanket formed by combining a ternary mixture of bacteria, algae and grass and an organic soil matrix in modes of full coverage or determinant laying and the like is suitable for quickly treating the bare lands for a long time; and a pioneer ecological foundation is established for long-acting treatment of stony desertification, desertification, mine crashes, inferior lands, bare engineering lands and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of ecology, and in particular relates to a fungus, algae and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the expansion of desertification and the emergence of large amounts of bare land caused by transportation, mining and construction projects, governments and experts from various disciplines are seeking better measures to control rocky desertification, desertification, mine pits, poor land and bare land for projects.

[0003] A large number of engineering, chemical, biological and comprehensive measures have been adopted, but engineering methods have time limitations, chemical reagents have secondary environmental pollution, and land reuse is difficult.

[0004] Integrated biological remediation is the most effective way to combat desertification and improve the environment. However, water shortages and a lack of organic soil have led to ecosystem decline. This is particularly challenging in rocky desertification, mine pits, and bare construction sites, where biological remediation is particularly challenging. Water and the carrying capacity of organic soil are key to the survival of vegetation types in different ecological conditions. Bacterial and algal crusts require relatively little water, achieving complete coverage and reducing soil erosion to zero. Whether rocky desertification, mine pits, or bare construction sites, their physical and chemical properties are harsh for biological survival. Spraying or spreading bacteria and algae directly onto the surface makes it difficult for them to grow, making it difficult to form biological crusts, which in turn leads to ecological challenges.

[0005] If microbial strains, desert algae and grass seeds are combined with their growth matrix to form an artificial bacteria, algae and grass growth system, allowing the bacteria, algae and grass to grow in an adapted matrix to form a growth microenvironment, the survival, propagation and application capabilities of bacteria, algae and grass can be enhanced by artificially controlling the growth matrix of bacteria, algae and grass, thereby improving the efficiency of bacteria, algae and grass in managing the ecological environment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing ecological environment management technologies, and to use a biological method for managing desertification, wasteland, mine pits, poor land and engineering bare land by fully covering or laying an ecological blanket made of a ternary mixture of bacteria, algae and grass in combination with an organic soil matrix. The method is suitable for rapid and long-term management of bare land.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a ternary mixed ecological blanket of fungi, algae and grass and a preparation method thereof, wherein the ternary mixed ecological blanket of fungi, algae and grass includes an upper layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer, wherein the upper layer is a protective fibrous tissue layer, the middle layer is a mixture of fungi, algae, grass seeds, a matrix and an adhesive, and the bottom layer is a shaping support layer, and the upper layer, the middle layer and the bottom layer are bonded or sewn together.

[0008] Furthermore, the bacterial strain is a composite microbial agent, which is compounded according to the bacterial content, wherein the effective viable count of jelly-like Bacillus is ≥ 2.0×10 8 cfu / g, effective viable bacteria count of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ≥ 2.0×10 8 cfu / g, effective viable bacteria count of Bacillus natto ≥ 2.0×10 8 cfu / g, where the deposit information of the jelly-like Bacillus species used is: deposit classification name :Bacillus jelly , accession number :CGMCC No.12230 , deposit date : 2016 March 21 , preservation unit :General Microbiology Center of China Culture Collection Administration of Microorganisms , address of depository :north No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing .

[0009] Furthermore, the algae species is indigenous desert algae.

[0010] Furthermore, the grass species are indigenous composite grass species.

[0011] Furthermore, the matrix includes organic fertilizer and organic soil matrix.

[0012] Furthermore, the binder is a degradable organic binder, such as modified starch, dextrin, etc.

[0013] Furthermore, the thickness of the upper protective fiber fabric layer is 2 to 2.5 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the thickness of the intermediate layer is 4.5 to 5.5 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the thickness of the shaping support bottom layer is 2.7 to 3.2 mm.

[0016] The preparation method of the fungus, algae and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1 prepares the composite microbial agent (1) The preparation process of the composite microbial agent is as follows: A. Bio-fermentation: The jelly-like Bacillus, the amyloliquefaciens Bacillus and the natto Bacillus are subjected to bio-fermentation respectively to obtain a large amount of microbial cells; B. Boiling drying: Dry the fermented products at 70°C to obtain a microbial agent product with a moisture content of ≤5%; C. Crushing: crushing the dried biological fermentation products respectively; D. Mixing: The biological fermentation products of the pulverized Bacillus gelatinosa, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the Bacillus natto are mixed and compounded according to the bacterial content ratio, and auxiliary materials are added.

[0018] (2) The method for the biofermentation of the jelly-like Bacillus subtilis comprises the following steps: A. Shake flask culture: inoculate the Bacillus jelly strain from the preserved slant into a shake flask culture medium at 36°C ± 1°C and 120 rpm for 14-16 hours; B. Seed culture: Inoculate the shake flask culture into the seed tank at a 1.0% inoculum rate, maintain a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C, and stir at 180 rpm for 12-16 hours. C. Biological fermentation: The seed liquid is inoculated into the fermentation tank for fermentation at a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C, dissolved oxygen > 8%, an initial pH of pH 7.2-7.5, and a speed of 200 r / min with continuous stirring for 40-48 hours; Furthermore, the culture medium of the shake flask and the seed tank is the same, with a formula of 15.0-20.0 g / L of carbon source, 2.0-5.0 g / L of nitrogen source, 0.6-1.2 g / L of (NH4)2SO4, 0.2-0.4 g / L of MgSO4, 0.2-0.4 g / L of KH2PO4, 0.8-1.0 g / L of K2HPO4, 0.1-0.2 g / L of CaSO4, 0.1-0.5 g / L of CaCO3 and 0.05-0.1 g / L of FeCl3, and a pH of 7.2-7.5; the culture medium of the fermentation tank is 20.0-25.0 g / L of carbon source, 3.0-6.0 g / L of nitrogen source, 0.8-1.2 g / L of (NH4)2SO4, 0.2-0.4 g / L of MgSO4, KH2PO4 0.3-0.5 g / L, K2HPO4 0.8-1.0 g / L, CaSO4 0.1-0.2 g / L, CaCO3 0.1-0.5 g / L and FeCl3 0.05-0.1 g / L, the pH of the culture medium is 7.2-7.5, wherein the carbon source is selected from one or a combination of two or more of starch, glucose or sucrose, and the nitrogen source is selected from one or a combination of two or more of soybean powder, peptone or yeast powder.

[0019] (3) The method of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens biofermentation adopts the following steps: A. Shake flask culture: Inoculate the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain from the preserved slant into a shake flask medium at 37°C ± 1°C and 120 rpm for 12-14 hours. The shake flask medium consists of 25 g peptone, 15 g glucose, and 1000 mL water, with a pH of 7.5-7.8. B. Seed Culture: Inoculate a seed tank with a 1.0% inoculum of the shake flask culture at 37°C ± 1°C and stirring at 180 rpm for 10-12 hours. The seed tank medium consists of 10-15 g peptone, 10-15 g beef extract, 1000 mL water, and a pH of 7.5-7.8. C. Biological fermentation: The seed liquid was inoculated into a fermentation tank for fermentation at a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C, dissolved oxygen > 8%, an initial pH value of pH 5.0-5.5, and continuous stirring at a speed of 200 r / min for 48 hours. The formula of the biological fermentation medium was 2 g / L brown sugar, 10 g / L starch, 1 g / L soybean powder, 0.3 g / L yeast extract, 2 g / L (NH4)2SO4, 2 g / L KH2PO4, 2 g / L MgSO4, 0.5 g / L, 0.2 g / L CaCO3, 0.01 g / L FeCl3, and pH 7.0.

[0020] (4) The method of the natto Bacillus subtilis biofermentation adopts the following steps: A. Shake flask culture: Inoculate the Bacillus natto strain from the preserved slant into a shake flask medium at 37°C ± 1°C and 120 rpm for 12-14 hours. The shake flask medium consists of 25 g peptone, 15 g glucose, and 1000 mL water, with a pH of 7.5-7.8. B. Seed Culture: Inoculate a seed tank with a 1.0% inoculum of the shake flask culture at 37°C ± 1°C and stirring at 180 rpm for 10-12 hours. The seed tank medium consists of 10-15 g of peptone, 10-15 g of beef extract, and 1000 mL of water, with a pH of 7.5-7.8. C. Biological fermentation: The seed liquid was inoculated into a fermentation tank for fermentation at a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C, dissolved oxygen > 8%, an initial pH of 6.5-7.0, and continuous stirring at a speed of 200 r / min for 48 hours. The fermentation tank culture medium formula was 2 g / L brown sugar, 10 g / L starch, 1 g / L soybean powder, 0.3 g / L yeast extract, 2 g / L (NH4)2SO4, 2 g / L KH2PO4, 2 g / L MgSO4, 0.5 g / L, 0.2 g / L CaCO3, 0.01 g / L FeCl3, and pH 7.0.

[0021] S2 prepares the desert algae (1) Acquisition of algae: Grind the indigenous soil crust containing desert algae, soak it in sterile water and then culture it. Pick out the cultured algae with a dissecting needle, sterilize it on a sterile glass slide, inoculate it into an agar culture dish, and culture it aseptically for 5 to 10 days to obtain the isolated and purified algae. (2) Prepare culture medium: A. Prepare trace element solution A5: Add 2.86 mg / L H₃BO₃, 1.81 mg / L MnCl₂·H₂O, 0.222 mg / L ZnSO₄·7H₂O, 0.079 mg / L CuSO₄·5H₂O, and 0.252 mg / L Na₂MoO₄·2H₂O to an appropriate amount of water to make trace element solution A5. B. Add NaNO3 0.8~2.5g / L, K2HPO4 0.02~0.05g / L, MgSO4·7H2O in the following order: Add 0.06-0.09 g / L of trace element solution A5, 0.02-0.05 g / L of CaCl2·2H2O, 0.004-0.008 g / L of citric acid, 0.004-0.008 g / L of ammonium ferric citrate, 0.001-0.003 g / L of EDTA-Na2, 0.01-0.04 g / L of Na2CO3, and 0.5-2 ml of trace element solution A5 to an appropriate amount of water, stir and dilute to volume to form the culture medium; (3) Preparation of desert algae A. Cultivating algae seeds: inoculate the algae seeds obtained in step S2 (1) into a culture bottle containing the culture medium, culture them aseptically, and culture them aseptically at a temperature of 22-35°C, a light intensity of 3500-4000 Lx, and a ventilation volume of 3 L / min for 5-10 minutes to obtain algae seeds; B. inoculating the algae obtained in step S2(3)-A into a culture bottle containing the culture medium, inoculating the algae at a ratio of 0.2-0.5 g (wet weight) per liter of the culture medium, culturing at a temperature of 22-35°C, a light intensity of 3500-4000 Lx, and an aeration rate of 3 L / min for 5-10 days to obtain the algae; C. Expansion culture: inoculate the algae obtained in step S2(3)-B into a light culture tank, expand the algae according to the volume ratio of the culture bottle to the culture solution in the light culture tank of 1:20-25, and culture the algae for 10-20 days under the same culture conditions as the culture bottle; (4) Preparation of algae mud: pour the desert algae obtained in step S2(3) into a filter screen, filter to obtain algae slurry, and then centrifuge the algae slurry to remove water to prepare algae mud.

[0022] S3 prepares the grass seeds (1) collecting indigenous grass species, including various types of indigenous grass species such as early-maturing and perennial species; (2) Cleaning: Pour the native grass seeds into gauze bags and rinse with clean water to remove surface impurities and dust; (3) Drying: Place the cleaned native grass seeds at room temperature to dry or use a low-temperature oven to dry them to ensure that the native grass seeds are dry; (4) Mixing: Mix the native grass species.

[0023] S4 prepares the matrix (1) 2.0-3.0 parts by mass of modified cellulose, 1.0-2.0 parts by mass of the binder (such as modified starch, dextrin, etc.), 10.0-15.0 parts by mass of plant fiber (such as sisal, palm, coconut fiber, ramie, etc.), 5.0-8.0 parts by mass of attapulgite powder, 2.0-3.0 parts by mass of the organic fertilizer, 50-60.0 parts by mass of the organic soil matrix and 18.0-20.0 parts by mass of water are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture, and a colloidal material is prepared, that is, a matrix is obtained.

[0024] S5 Preparation of intermediate layer mixture (1) 0.1-0.2 parts by mass of the composite microbial agent obtained in step S1, 20.0-30.0 parts by mass of the algae mud obtained in step S2, 1.0-3.0 parts by mass of the composite native grass species obtained in step S3, 60.0-70.0 parts by mass of the matrix obtained in step S4, and 0.5-2.0 parts by mass of the binder are mixed to obtain a mixture for the intermediate layer.

[0025] S6: preparing the fungus, algae and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket (1) Lay the plant fiber fabric flat to form the bottom adhesive tape with a thickness of 2 to 2.5 mm; (2) Laying the plant fiber mesh on the bottom adhesive tape to form a shaped support mesh, with the two sides of the bottom adhesive tape being 2 cm wide from the two sides of the shaped support mesh to obtain a shaped support bottom layer, which plays the role of shaping, supporting and bonding; (3) Spreading the intermediate layer mixture obtained in step S5 onto the shaping support net to form the intermediate layer, and bonding it to the shaping support bottom layer; (4) covering the upper side of the intermediate layer with plant fiber fabric to form an upper protective fabric layer, and allowing the intermediate layer to form a bond with the upper protective fabric layer; (5) The upper protective fiber fabric layer, the middle layer and the shaping support bottom layer are rolled, bonded or sewn together to form a whole, and after drying in the shade, a fungus, algae and grass mixed ecological blanket is obtained.

[0026] Its main advantages are as follows: (1) Using a fiber mesh as a fixed support net, a variety of materials such as bacterial agents, desert algae, and modified plant cellulose water-retaining materials are processed at one time through a production line. Spreading a three-element mixed ecological blanket of bacteria, algae, and grass on the ground can form microbial crusts and turfs, covering the surface, preventing quicksand, maintaining water and soil, storing surface moisture, achieving the solidification of the flowing surface, managing bare land in harsh environments, and reducing water and wind erosion; (2) The ternary mixed ecological blanket of bacteria, algae and grass can be used to treat rocky desertification, desertification, mobile sand, hillsides, cliffs, mine pits, bare engineering land, etc. It has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and can be set up quickly. It can be laid out on a large area in a short period of time to form a continuous fixed surface, playing a good role in preventing wind and sand, maintaining water and soil, and reducing disasters. (3) The mixed ecological blanket of fungi, algae and grasses establishes a pioneering ecological foundation for the long-term control of rocky desertification, desertification, mine pits, poor land and bare engineering land. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 These are the steps for preparing the fungus, algae and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0029] Among them: 1. Upper layer, 2. Middle layer, 3. Bottom layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described below. Figure 1 The schematic diagram is simplified to illustrate the basic process of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only the process related to the present invention is shown. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0032] A fungus, algae, and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket and a preparation method thereof. The fungus, algae, and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket comprises an upper layer 1, a middle layer 2, and a bottom layer 3. The upper layer 1 is a protective fibrous tissue layer, the middle layer 2 is a mixture of fungus species, algae species, grass species, a matrix, and an adhesive, and the bottom layer 3 is a shaping support layer. The upper layer 1, the middle layer 2, and the bottom layer 3 are bonded or sewn together.

[0033] Furthermore, the bacterial strain is a composite microbial agent, which is compounded according to the bacterial content, wherein the effective viable count of jelly-like Bacillus is ≥ 2.0×10 8 cfu / g, effective viable bacteria count of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ≥ 2.0×10 8 cfu / g, effective viable bacteria count of Bacillus natto ≥ 2.0×10 8cfu / g, where the deposit information of the jelly-like Bacillus species used is: deposit classification name :Bacillus jelly , accession number :CGMCC No.12230 , deposit date : 2016 March 21 , preservation unit :General Microbiology Center of China Culture Collection Administration of Microorganisms , address of depository :north No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing .

[0034] Furthermore, the algae species is indigenous desert algae.

[0035] Furthermore, the grass species are indigenous composite grass species.

[0036] Furthermore, the matrix includes organic fertilizer and organic soil matrix.

[0037] Furthermore, the binder is a degradable organic binder, such as modified starch, dextrin, etc.

[0038] Furthermore, the thickness of the protective fiber fabric layer of the upper layer 1 is 2 to 2.5 mm.

[0039] Furthermore, the thickness of the intermediate layer 2 is 4.5 to 5.5 mm.

[0040] Furthermore, the thickness of the shaping support bottom layer 3 is 2.7 to 3.2 mm.

[0041] The preparation method of the fungus, algae and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket comprises the following steps:

[0042] S1 prepares the composite microbial agent

[0043] (1) The preparation process of the composite microbial agent is as follows: A. Bio-fermentation: The jelly-like Bacillus, the amyloliquefaciens Bacillus and the natto Bacillus are subjected to bio-fermentation respectively to obtain a large amount of microbial cells; B. Boiling drying: Dry the fermented products at 70°C to obtain a microbial agent product with a moisture content of ≤5%; C. Crushing: crushing the dried biological fermentation products respectively; D. Mixing: The biological fermentation products of the pulverized Bacillus gelatinosa, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the Bacillus natto are mixed and compounded according to the bacterial content ratio, and auxiliary materials are added.

[0044] (2) The method for the biofermentation of the jelly-like Bacillus subtilis comprises the following steps: A. Shake flask culture: inoculate the Bacillus jelly strain from the preserved slant into a shake flask culture medium at 36°C ± 1°C and 120 rpm for 14-16 hours; B. Seed culture: Inoculate the shake flask culture into the seed tank at a 1.0% inoculum rate, maintain a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C, and stir at 180 rpm for 12-16 hours. C. Biological fermentation: The seed liquid is inoculated into the fermentation tank for fermentation at a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C, dissolved oxygen > 8%, an initial pH of pH 7.2-7.5, and a speed of 200 r / min with continuous stirring for 40-48 hours; Furthermore, the culture medium of the shake flask and the seed tank is the same, with a formula of 15.0-20.0 g / L of carbon source, 2.0-5.0 g / L of nitrogen source, 0.6-1.2 g / L of (NH4)2SO4, 0.2-0.4 g / L of MgSO4, 0.2-0.4 g / L of KH2PO4, 0.8-1.0 g / L of K2HPO4, 0.1-0.2 g / L of CaSO4, 0.1-0.5 g / L of CaCO3 and 0.05-0.1 g / L of FeCl3, and a pH of 7.2-7.5; the culture medium of the fermentation tank is 20.0-25.0 g / L of carbon source, 3.0-6.0 g / L of nitrogen source, 0.8-1.2 g / L of (NH4)2SO4, 0.2-0.4 g / L of MgSO4, KH2PO4 0.3-0.5 g / L, K2HPO4 0.8-1.0 g / L, CaSO4 0.1-0.2 g / L, CaCO3 0.1-0.5 g / L and FeCl3 0.05-0.1 g / L, the pH of the culture medium is 7.2-7.5, wherein the carbon source is selected from one or a combination of two or more of starch, glucose or sucrose, and the nitrogen source is selected from one or a combination of two or more of soybean powder, peptone or yeast powder.

[0045] (3) The method of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens biofermentation adopts the following steps: A. Shake flask culture: Inoculate the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain from the preserved slant into a shake flask medium at 37°C ± 1°C and 120 rpm for 12-14 hours. The shake flask medium consists of 25 g peptone, 15 g glucose, and 1000 mL water, with a pH of 7.5-7.8. B. Seed Culture: Inoculate a seed tank with a 1.0% inoculum of the shake flask culture at 37°C ± 1°C and stirring at 180 rpm for 10-12 hours. The seed tank medium consists of 10-15 g peptone, 10-15 g beef extract, 1000 mL water, and a pH of 7.5-7.8. C. Biological fermentation: The seed liquid was inoculated into a fermentation tank for fermentation at a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C, dissolved oxygen > 8%, an initial pH value of pH 5.0-5.5, and continuous stirring at a speed of 200 r / min for 48 hours. The formula of the biological fermentation medium was 2 g / L brown sugar, 10 g / L starch, 1 g / L soybean powder, 0.3 g / L yeast extract, 2 g / L (NH4)2SO4, 2 g / L KH2PO4, 2 g / L MgSO4, 0.5 g / L, 0.2 g / L CaCO3, 0.01 g / L FeCl3, and pH 7.0.

[0046] (4) The method of the natto Bacillus subtilis biofermentation adopts the following steps: A. Shake flask culture: Inoculate the Bacillus natto strain from the preserved slant into a shake flask medium at 37°C ± 1°C and 120 rpm for 12-14 hours. The shake flask medium consists of 25 g peptone, 15 g glucose, and 1000 mL water, with a pH of 7.5-7.8. B. Seed Culture: Inoculate a seed tank with a 1.0% inoculum of the shake flask culture at 37°C ± 1°C and stirring at 180 rpm for 10-12 hours. The seed tank medium consists of 10-15 g of peptone, 10-15 g of beef extract, and 1000 mL of water, with a pH of 7.5-7.8. C. Biological fermentation: The seed liquid was inoculated into a fermentation tank for fermentation at a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C, dissolved oxygen > 8%, an initial pH of 6.5-7.0, and continuous stirring at a speed of 200 r / min for 48 hours. The fermentation tank culture medium formula was 2 g / L brown sugar, 10 g / L starch, 1 g / L soybean powder, 0.3 g / L yeast extract, 2 g / L (NH4)2SO4, 2 g / L KH2PO4, 2 g / L MgSO4, 0.5 g / L, 0.2 g / L CaCO3, 0.01 g / L FeCl3, and pH 7.0.

[0047] S2 prepares the desert algae (1) Acquisition of algae: Grind the indigenous soil crust containing desert algae, soak it in sterile water and then culture it. Pick out the cultured algae with a dissecting needle, sterilize it on a sterile glass slide, inoculate it into an agar culture dish, and culture it aseptically for 5 to 10 days to obtain the isolated and purified algae. (2) Prepare culture medium: A. Prepare trace element solution A5: Add 2.86 mg / L H₃BO₃, 1.81 mg / L MnCl₂·H₂O, 0.222 mg / L ZnSO₄·7H₂O, 0.079 mg / L CuSO₄·5H₂O, and 0.252 mg / L Na₂MoO₄·2H₂O to an appropriate amount of water to make trace element solution A5. B. Add NaNO3 1.5g / L, K2HPO4 0.045g / L, MgSO4·7H2O in the following order: 0.075 g / L, CaCl2·2H2O0.036 g / L, citric acid 0.006 g / L, ammonium ferric citrate 0.006 g / L, EDTA-Na2 0.001 g / L, Na2CO3 0.02 g / L, 1 ml of trace element solution A5 was added to an appropriate amount of water and stirred to make the culture medium; (3) Preparation of desert algae A. Cultivating algae seeds: inoculate the algae seeds obtained in step S2 (1) into a culture bottle containing the culture medium, culture them aseptically, and culture them aseptically at a temperature of 22-35°C, a light intensity of 3500-4000 Lx, and a ventilation volume of 3 L / min for 5-10 minutes to obtain algae seeds; B. inoculating the algae obtained in step S2(3)-A into a culture bottle containing the culture medium, inoculating the algae at a ratio of 0.2-0.5 g (wet weight) per liter of the culture medium, culturing at a temperature of 22-35°C, a light intensity of 3500-4000 Lx, and an aeration rate of 3 L / min for 5-10 days to obtain the algae; C. Expansion culture: inoculate the algae obtained in step S2(3)-B into a light culture tank, expand the algae according to the volume ratio of the culture bottle to the culture solution in the light culture tank of 1:20-25, and culture the algae for 10-20 days under the same culture conditions as the culture bottle; (4) Preparation of algae mud: pour the desert algae obtained in step S2(3) into a filter screen, filter to obtain algae slurry, and then centrifuge the algae slurry to remove water to prepare algae mud.

[0048] S3 prepares the grass seeds (1) collecting indigenous grass species, including various types of indigenous grass species such as early-maturing and perennial species; (2) Cleaning: Pour the native grass seeds into gauze bags and rinse with clean water to remove surface impurities and dust; (3) Drying: Place the cleaned native grass seeds at room temperature to dry or use a low-temperature oven to dry them to ensure that the native grass seeds are dry; (4) Mixing: Mix the native grass species.

[0049] S4 prepares the matrix (1) 2.0-3.0 parts by mass of modified cellulose, 1.0-2.0 parts by mass of the binder (such as modified starch, dextrin, etc.), 10.0-15.0 parts by mass of plant fiber (such as sisal, palm, coconut fiber, ramie, etc.), 5.0-8.0 parts by mass of attapulgite powder, 2.0-3.0 parts by mass of the organic fertilizer, 50-60.0 parts by mass of the organic soil matrix and 18.0-20.0 parts by mass of water are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture, and a colloidal material is prepared, that is, a matrix is obtained.

[0050] S5 Preparation of intermediate layer mixture (1) 0.1-0.2 parts by mass of the composite microbial agent obtained in step S1, 20.0-30.0 parts by mass of the algae mud obtained in step S2, 1.0-3.0 parts by mass of the composite native grass species obtained in step S3, 60.0-70.0 parts by mass of the matrix obtained in step S4, and 0.5-2.0 parts by mass of the binder are mixed to obtain a mixture for the intermediate layer.

[0051] S6: preparing the fungus, algae and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket (1) Lay the plant fiber fabric flat to form the bottom adhesive tape with a thickness of 2 to 2.5 mm; (2) Laying the plant fiber mesh on the bottom adhesive tape to form a shaped support mesh, with the two sides of the bottom adhesive tape being 2 cm wide from the two sides of the shaped support mesh to obtain a shaped support bottom layer, which plays the role of shaping, supporting and bonding; (3) Spreading the intermediate layer mixture obtained in step S5 onto the shaping support net to form the intermediate layer, and bonding it to the shaping support bottom layer; (4) covering the upper side of the intermediate layer with plant fiber fabric to form an upper protective fabric layer, and allowing the intermediate layer to form a bond with the upper protective fabric layer; (5) The upper protective fiber fabric layer, the middle layer and the shaping support bottom layer are rolled, bonded or sewn together to form a whole, and after drying in the shade, a fungus, algae and grass mixed ecological blanket is obtained.

[0052] Thus far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art may make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after such changes or substitutions will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fungus, algae, and grass mixed ecological blanket and its preparation method, characterized in that: The fungus, algae and grass three-component mixed ecological blanket includes an upper layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer. The upper layer is a protective fiber tissue layer with a thickness of 2 to 2.5 mm. The middle layer is a mixture of fungus species, algae species, grass species, matrix and adhesive with a thickness of 4.5 to 5.5 mm. The bottom layer is a shaping support layer with a thickness of 2.7 to 3.2 mm. The upper layer, the middle layer and the bottom layer are bonded or sewn together.

2. A fungus, algae, and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket and its preparation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The bacterial strain is a composite microbial agent, which is compounded according to the bacterial content, wherein the effective viable bacteria count of jelly-like Bacillus is ≥ 2.0×10 8 cfu / g, effective viable bacteria count of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ≥ 2.0×10 8 cfu / g, effective viable bacteria count of Bacillus natto ≥ 2.0×10 8 cfu / g.

3. A fungus, algae, and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket and its preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: The preparation method of the fungus, algae and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket comprises the following steps: S1 prepares the composite microbial agent (1) The preparation process of the composite microbial agent is as follows: A. Bio-fermentation: The jelly-like Bacillus, the amyloliquefaciens Bacillus and the natto Bacillus are subjected to bio-fermentation respectively to obtain a large amount of microbial cells; B. Boiling drying: Dry the fermented products at 70°C to obtain a microbial agent product with a moisture content of ≤5%; C. Crushing: crushing the dried biological fermentation products respectively; D. Mixing: mixing the pulverized biological fermentation products of the gelatinous Bacillus, the amyloliquefaciens, and the natto Bacillus according to the bacterial content ratio, and adding auxiliary materials; (2) The method for the biofermentation of the jelly-like Bacillus subtilis comprises the following steps: A. Shake flask culture: The jelly-like Bacillus strain was inoculated from the preserved slant into a shake flask medium, the temperature was 36°C ± 1°C, the rotation speed was 120 r / min and continuous stirring was carried out for 14-16 hours. The shake flask medium formula was 15.0-20.0 g / L carbon source, 2.0-5.0 g / L nitrogen source, 0.6-1.2 g / L (NH4)2SO4, 0.2-0.4 g / L MgSO4, 0.2-0.4 g / L KH2PO4, 0.2-0.4 g / L K2HPO4, 0.8-1.0 g / L CaSO4, 0.1-0.2 g / L CaCO3 0.1-0.5 g / L and FeCl3 0.05-0.1 g / L, pH 7.2-7.5, wherein the carbon source is selected from one or a combination of two or more of starch, glucose or sucrose, and the nitrogen source is selected from one or a combination of two of soybean powder, peptone or yeast powder; B. Seed culture: Inoculate the shake flask culture into the seed tank at an inoculum rate of 1.0%, maintain the temperature at 37°C ± 1°C, and stir continuously at 180 r / min for 12-16 hours. The seed tank culture medium formula is 15.0-20.0 g / L carbon source, 2.0-5.0 g / L nitrogen source, 0.6-1.2 g / L (NH4)2SO4, 0.2-0.4 g / L MgSO4, 0.2-0.4 g / L KH2PO4, 0.2-0.4 g / L K2HPO4, 0.8-1.0 g / L CaSO4, 0.1-0.2 g / L CaCO3 0.1-0.5 g / L and FeCl3 0.05-0.1 g / L, pH 7.2-7.5, wherein the carbon source is selected from one or a combination of two or more of starch, glucose or sucrose, and the nitrogen source is selected from one or a combination of two of soybean powder, peptone or yeast powder; C. Biological fermentation: The seed liquid was inoculated into a fermentation tank for fermentation at a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C, dissolved oxygen > 8%, an initial pH value of pH 7.2-7.5, and a speed of 200 r / min for continuous stirring for 40-48 hours. The fermentation tank culture medium formula was a carbon source of 20.0-25.0 g / L, a nitrogen source of 3.0-6.0 g / L, (NH4)2SO4 0.8-1.2 g / L, MgSO4 0.2-0.4 g / L, KH2PO4 0.3-0.5 g / L, K2HPO4 0.8-1.0 g / L, CaSO4 0.1-0.2 g / L, and CaCO3 0.1-0.5 g / L and FeCl3 0.05-0.1 g / L, pH 7.2-7.5, wherein the carbon source is selected from one or a combination of two or more of starch, glucose or sucrose, and the nitrogen source is selected from one or a combination of two of soybean powder, peptone or yeast powder; (3) The method of the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens biofermentation adopts the following steps: A. Shake flask culture: Inoculate the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain from the preserved slant into a shake flask medium at 37°C ± 1°C and 120 rpm for 12-14 hours. The shake flask medium consists of 25 g peptone, 15 g glucose, and 1000 mL water, with a pH of 7.5-7.

8. B. Seed Culture: Inoculate a seed tank with a 1.0% inoculum of the shake flask culture at 37°C ± 1°C and stirring at 180 rpm for 10-12 hours. The seed tank medium consists of 10-15 g peptone, 10-15 g beef extract, 1000 mL water, and a pH of 7.5-7.

8. C. Biological fermentation: The seed liquid was inoculated into a fermentation tank for fermentation at a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C, dissolved oxygen > 8%, an initial pH of 5.0-5.5, and continuous stirring at 200 r / min for 48 hours. The biological fermentation medium formula was 2 g / L brown sugar, 10 g / L starch, 1 g / L soybean powder, 0.3 g / L yeast extract, 2 g / L (NH4)2SO4, 2 g / L KH2PO4, 2 g / L MgSO4, 0.5 g / L CaCO3, 0.2 g / L FeCl3, and a pH of 7.

0. (4) The method of the natto Bacillus subtilis biofermentation adopts the following steps: A. Shake flask culture: Inoculate the Bacillus natto strain from the preserved slant into a shake flask medium at 37°C ± 1°C and 120 rpm for 12-14 hours. The shake flask medium consists of 25 g peptone, 15 g glucose, and 1000 mL water, with a pH of 7.5-7.

8. B. Seed Culture: Inoculate a seed tank with a 1.0% inoculum of the shake flask culture at 37°C ± 1°C and stirring at 180 rpm for 10-12 hours. The seed tank medium consists of 10-15 g of peptone, 10-15 g of beef extract, and 1000 mL of water, with a pH of 7.5-7.

8. C. Biological fermentation: The seed liquid was inoculated into a fermentation tank for fermentation at a temperature of 37°C ± 1°C, dissolved oxygen > 8%, an initial pH of 6.5-7.0, and continuous stirring at 200 r / min for 48 hours. The fermentation tank culture medium formula was 2 g / L brown sugar, 10 g / L starch, 1 g / L soybean powder, 0.3 g / L yeast extract, 2 g / L (NH4)2SO4, 2 g / L KH2PO4, 2 g / L MgSO4, 0.5 g / L, 0.2 g / L CaCO3, 0.01 g / L FeCl3, and a pH of 7.

0. S2 prepares the desert algae (1) Acquisition of algae: Grind the indigenous soil crust containing desert algae, soak it in sterile water and then culture it. Pick out the cultured algae with a dissecting needle, sterilize it on a sterile glass slide, inoculate it into an agar culture dish, and culture it aseptically for 5 to 10 days to obtain the isolated and purified algae. (2) Prepare culture medium: A. Prepare trace element solution A5: Add 2.86 mg / L H₃BO₃, 1.81 mg / L MnCl₂·H₂O, 0.222 mg / L ZnSO₄·7H₂O, 0.079 mg / L CuSO₄·5H₂O, and 0.252 mg / L Na₂MoO₄·2H₂O to an appropriate amount of water to make trace element solution A5. B. Add NaNO3 0.8-2.5 g / L, K2HPO4 0.02-0.05 g / L, MgSO4·7H2O 0.06-0.09 g / L, CaCl2·2H2O 0.02-0.05 g / L, citric acid 0.004-0.008 g / L, ammonium ferric citrate 0.004-0.008 g / L, EDTA-Na2 0.001-0.003 g / L, Na2CO3 0.01-0.04 g / L, and 0.5-2 ml of trace element solution A5 to an appropriate amount of water in the following order, stir and dilute to volume to form the culture medium; (3) Preparation of desert algae A. Cultivating algae seeds: inoculate the algae seeds obtained in step S2 (1) into a culture bottle containing the culture medium, culture them aseptically, and culture them aseptically at a temperature of 22-35°C, a light intensity of 3500-4000 Lx, and a ventilation volume of 3 L / min for 5-10 minutes to obtain algae seeds; B. inoculating the algae obtained in step S2(3)-A into a culture bottle containing the culture medium, inoculating the algae at a ratio of 0.2-0.5 g (wet weight) per liter of the culture medium, culturing at a temperature of 22-35°C, a light intensity of 3500-4000 Lx, and an aeration rate of 3 L / min for 5-10 days to obtain the algae; C. Expansion culture: inoculate the algae obtained in step S2(3)-B into a light culture tank, expand the algae according to the volume ratio of the culture bottle to the culture solution in the light culture tank of 1:20-25, and culture the algae for 10-20 days under the same culture conditions as the culture bottle; (4) preparing algae mud: pouring the desert algae obtained in step S2(3) into a filter screen, filtering to obtain algae slurry, and then centrifuging the algae slurry to remove water to prepare algae mud; S3 prepares the grass seeds (1) collecting indigenous grass species, including various types of indigenous grass species such as early-maturing and perennial species; (2) Cleaning: Pour the native grass seeds into gauze bags and rinse with clean water to remove surface impurities and dust; (3) Drying: Place the cleaned native grass seeds at room temperature to dry or use a low-temperature oven to dry them to ensure that the native grass seeds are dry; (4) Mixing: Mixing indigenous grass species; S4 prepares the matrix (1) uniformly mixing 2.0-3.0 parts by mass of modified cellulose, 1.0-2.0 parts by mass of the binder (such as modified starch, dextrin, etc.), 10.0-15.0 parts by mass of plant fiber (such as sisal, palm, coconut fiber, ramie, etc.), 5.0-8.0 parts by mass of attapulgite soil powder, 2.0-3.0 parts by mass of the organic fertilizer, 50-60.0 parts by mass of the organic soil matrix, and 18.0-20.0 parts by mass of water to obtain a mixture, and preparing a colloidal material, i.e., a matrix; S5 Preparation of intermediate layer mixture (1) 0.1-0.2 parts by mass of the composite microbial agent obtained in step S1, 20.0-30.0 parts by mass of the algae mud obtained in step S2, 1.0-3.0 parts by mass of the composite native grass species obtained in step S3, 60.0-70.0 parts by mass of the matrix obtained in step S4, and 0.5-2.0 parts by mass of the binder are mixed to obtain a mixture for the intermediate layer; S6: preparing the fungus, algae and grass ternary mixed ecological blanket (1) Lay the plant fiber fabric flat to form the bottom adhesive tape with a thickness of 2 to 2.5 mm; (2) Laying the plant fiber mesh on the bottom adhesive tape to form a shaped support mesh, with the two sides of the bottom adhesive tape being 2 cm wide from the two sides of the shaped support mesh to obtain a shaped support bottom layer, which plays the role of shaping, supporting and bonding; (3) Spreading the intermediate layer mixture obtained in step S5 onto the shaping support net to form the intermediate layer, and bonding it to the shaping support bottom layer; (4) covering the upper side of the intermediate layer with plant fiber fabric to form an upper protective fabric layer, and allowing the intermediate layer to form a bond with the upper protective fabric layer; (5) The upper protective fiber fabric layer, the middle layer and the shaping support bottom layer are rolled, bonded or sewn together to form a whole, and after drying in the shade, a fungus, algae and grass mixed ecological blanket is obtained.

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