Tunnel air pressure adjusting device and tunnel air pressure adjusting method

Abstract

The invention relates to a tunnel air pressure adjusting device and a tunnel air pressure adjusting method. The tunnel air pressure adjusting device comprises a main pipeline, a pressure relief pipeline, a pressure supplementing pipeline, a draught fan and an air pressure detection piece. The main pipeline is used for communicating with a tunnel; one end of the pressure relief pipeline communicates with the end, away from the tunnel, of the main pipeline, and the other end of the pressure relief pipeline communicates with the outside. An air inlet of the pressure supplementing pipeline is used for communicating with the outside, and an air outlet of the pressure supplementing pipeline is used for communicating or stopping with the main pipeline; the fan is accommodated in the pressure supplementing pipeline and is used for rotating so as to suck external air into the pressure supplementing pipeline; the air pressure detection piece is used for being contained in the tunnel and located on one side of the opening of the main pipeline, and the air pressure detection piece is used for detecting air pressure; when the detection value of the air pressure detection piece is greater than the air pressure of the empty tunnel, the air outlet of the pressure supplementing pipeline is cut off from the main pipeline; when the detection value of the air pressure detection piece is smaller than the air pressure of the empty tunnel, the air outlet of the pressure supplementing pipeline communicates with the main pipeline, and the draught fan rotates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel air pressure control, and in particular to a tunnel air pressure regulating device and a tunnel air pressure regulating method. Background Art

[0002] When heavy-load coal trains enter and exit tunnels, sudden changes in the flow cross-section cause localized airflow disturbances at the entrance and exit sections, creating "piston wind." Large gaps between train cars and side doors create a "piston wind" effect, leading to severe coal scattering during tunnel operation. Furthermore, scattered coal fragments are repeatedly crushed during operation, forming coal dust. This, along with finer dust particles from the cars and the surface of the transported coal, is then carried by the "piston wind" and suspended in the tunnel, causing severe coal dust pollution along the tunnel line.

[0003] In the prior art, an air pressure regulating device is often installed on the tunnel wall. However, during the pressure relief process, the wind pressure is relatively high, which may damage the fan in the air pressure regulating device and affect the service life of the air pressure regulating device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a tunnel air pressure regulating device to address the technical problem in the prior art that during the tunnel pressure relief process, the fan in the air pressure regulating device is damaged, which affects the service life of the air pressure regulating device.

[0005] A tunnel air pressure regulating device, comprising:

[0006] a main pipeline, the main pipeline being used to communicate with the tunnel;

[0007] a pressure relief pipe, one end of which is used to communicate with an end of the main pipe away from the tunnel, and the other end of which is used to communicate with the outside world;

[0008] A pressure-compensating pipe, wherein the air inlet of the pressure-compensating pipe is used to communicate with the outside world, and the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipe is used to communicate with or be cut off from the main pipe;

[0009] a fan, the fan being disposed in the pressure-compensating pipe and configured to rotate to draw external air into the pressure-compensating pipe; and

[0010] A wind pressure detection component is used to be accommodated in the tunnel and is located on one side of the opening of the main pipeline. The wind pressure detection component is used to detect air pressure; when the detection value of the wind pressure detection component is greater than the air pressure of the empty tunnel, the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipeline is cut off from the main pipeline; when the detection value of the wind pressure detection component is less than the air pressure of the empty tunnel, the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipeline is connected to the main pipeline, and the fan rotates.

[0011] In one embodiment, the tunnel air pressure regulating device includes a controller and a sealing member. The sealing member, the wind pressure detection member and the fan are all electrically connected to the controller. The wind pressure detection member is used to transmit the detected air pressure value to the controller. The controller controls the start and stop of the fan according to the air pressure value information, and controls the rotation of the sealing member to enable the sealing member to block or clear the pressure compensation pipeline.

[0012] In one embodiment, the pressure-compensating pipe is connected to the connection between the main pipe and the pressure relief pipe, and the sealing member is located between the pressure relief pipe and the pressure-compensating pipe. When the detection value of the wind pressure detection member is less than the air pressure of the empty tunnel, the controller rotates the sealing member to seal the pressure relief pipe.

[0013] In one embodiment, the tunnel air pressure regulating device also includes a position detection component, which is used to be set in the tunnel. The position detection component is electrically connected to the controller, and the position detection component is used to transmit train information to the controller so that the controller controls the start and stop of the fan according to the train position information and the air pressure detection value information.

[0014] In one embodiment, in the vertical plane, the extension direction of the main pipe is at an angle of 20 to 23 degrees to the horizontal tangent of the tunnel wall; and / or, in the horizontal plane, the extension direction of the main pipe is at an angle of 12 to 15 degrees to the horizontal tangent of the tunnel wall.

[0015] The present application also provides a tunnel air pressure regulation method that can solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0016] A method for regulating tunnel air pressure, comprising the following steps:

[0017] A pressure relief pipe and a pressure supplement pipe connected to the outside world are opened on the tunnel wall, and a main pipe connected to the tunnel is opened;

[0018] When the air pressure value of the tunnel near the opening of the main pipeline is greater than the air pressure of the empty tunnel, the air outlets of the main pipeline and the pressure-compensating pipeline are controlled to be cut off, and the air inlet of the main pipeline and the pressure-relief pipeline are controlled to be connected;

[0019] When the air pressure value in the tunnel near the opening of the main pipeline is lower than the air pressure in the empty tunnel, the main pipeline is controlled to be connected to the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipeline, and the fan in the pressure-compensating pipeline is controlled to rotate to draw external air into the pressure-compensating pipeline.

[0020] In one embodiment, before the step of “controlling the main pipeline to communicate with the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipeline and controlling the fan in the pressure-compensating pipeline to rotate so as to draw external air into the pressure-compensating pipeline when the air pressure value in the tunnel near the opening of the main pipeline is lower than the air pressure in the empty tunnel”, the method further includes:

[0021] When the air pressure value of the tunnel near the opening of the main pipeline changes from greater than the air pressure of the empty tunnel to equal to the air pressure of the empty tunnel, the main pipeline is controlled to be connected to the air outlet of the pressure compensation pipeline.

[0022] In one embodiment, before the step of “controlling the main pipeline to communicate with the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipeline and controlling the fan in the pressure-compensating pipeline to rotate so as to draw external air into the pressure-compensating pipeline when the air pressure value in the tunnel near the opening of the main pipeline is lower than the air pressure in the empty tunnel”, the method further includes:

[0023] When the air pressure value of the tunnel near the opening of the main pipeline is converted from greater than the air pressure of the empty tunnel to equal to the air pressure of the empty tunnel, and the train leaves the opening of the main pipeline, the fan is controlled to rotate.

[0024] In one embodiment, after the step of “controlling the main pipeline to communicate with the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipeline and controlling the fan in the pressure-compensating pipeline to rotate so as to draw external air into the pressure-compensating pipeline when the air pressure value in the tunnel near the opening of the main pipeline is lower than the air pressure in the empty tunnel”, the method further includes:

[0025] When the air pressure value of the tunnel near the opening of the main pipeline is converted from being equal to the air pressure of the empty tunnel to being equal to the air pressure of the empty tunnel, the fan is controlled to be closed.

[0026] In one embodiment, the step of "controlling the main pipeline to communicate with the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipeline and controlling the fan in the pressure-compensating pipeline to rotate so as to draw external air into the pressure-compensating pipeline when the air pressure value in the tunnel near the opening of the main pipeline is lower than the air pressure in the empty tunnel" specifically includes:

[0027] Control the air inlets of the main pipeline and the pressure relief pipeline to be cut off.

[0028] Beneficial effects:

[0029] The tunnel air pressure regulating device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a main pipeline, a pressure relief pipeline, a pressure compensating pipeline, a fan and a wind pressure detection component; the main pipeline is used to be connected with the tunnel; one end of the pressure relief pipeline is used to be connected with the end of the main pipeline away from the tunnel, and the other end of the pressure relief pipeline is used to be connected with the outside world; the air inlet of the pressure compensating pipeline is used to be connected with the outside world, and the air outlet of the pressure compensating pipeline is used to be connected with or cut off from the main pipeline; the fan is accommodated in the pressure compensating pipeline, and the fan is used to rotate to draw the outside air into the pressure compensating pipeline; the wind pressure detection component is used to be accommodated in the tunnel and is located on one side of the opening of the main pipeline, and the wind pressure detection component is used to detect the air pressure; when the detection value of the wind pressure detection component is greater than the empty tunnel air pressure, the air outlet of the pressure compensating pipeline is cut off from the main pipeline; when the detection value of the wind pressure detection component is less than the empty tunnel air pressure, the air outlet of the pressure compensating pipeline is connected with the main pipeline, and the fan rotates. When the train enters the tunnel and approaches the main pipe, the air pressure near the opening of the main pipe will be greater than the air pressure in the empty tunnel. The main pipe will be connected to the outside world through the pressure relief pipe, so as to relieve the pressure in time, and the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipe will be cut off from the main pipe to protect the fan in the pressure-compensating pipe, thereby improving the efficiency and service life of the tunnel air pressure regulating device; when the train is away from the opening of the main pipe, the air pressure near the opening of the main pipe will be lower than the air pressure in the empty tunnel, and the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipe will be connected to the main pipe, and the fan will rotate to introduce the outside air into the tunnel through the pressure-compensating pipe, so as to quickly compensate for the pressure inside the tunnel, thereby increasing the efficiency of tunnel air supply and offsetting the negative pressure at the rear of the train, and improving the efficiency of the tunnel air pressure regulating device. The present application also provides a method for regulating tunnel air pressure, comprising the following steps: opening a pressure relief pipe and a pressure boosting pipe connected to the outside world on the tunnel wall, and opening a main pipe connected to the tunnel; when the air pressure value in the tunnel near the opening of the main pipe is greater than the air pressure in the empty tunnel, controlling the air outlets of the main pipe and the pressure boosting pipe to be cut off, and controlling the main pipe to connect to the air inlet of the pressure relief pipe; when the air pressure value in the tunnel near the opening of the main pipe is less than the air pressure in the empty tunnel, controlling the air outlets of the main pipe and the pressure boosting pipe to be connected, and controlling the fan in the pressure boosting pipe to rotate to draw air from the outside into the pressure boosting pipe. This method for regulating tunnel air pressure can achieve at least one of the above-mentioned technical effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 A side view of a tunnel air pressure regulating device provided in one embodiment of the present application, taken perpendicular to the tunnel extension direction.

[0031] Figure 2 A top view of a tunnel air pressure regulating device provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 3 A side view of a tunnel air pressure regulating device provided in one embodiment of the present application, parallel to the tunnel extension direction.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a tunnel air pressure regulation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure Number:

[0035] 100-main pipeline; 200-pressure relief pipeline; 300-pressure replenishing pipeline; 310-air guide section; 320-ventilation section; 410-fan; 420-wind pressure detection component; 430-controller; 431-first control module; 432-second control module; 440-blocking component; 450-position detection component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated by these terms is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0038] In addition, if the terms "first" or "second" appear, these terms are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of this application, if the term "plurality" appears, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0039] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connected," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, these terms may refer to fixed connections, removable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, if a first feature is described as being "above" or "below" a second feature, or similar descriptions, this may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is described as being "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is described as being "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0041] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. If any, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiment.

[0042] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , Figure 1 A side view of a tunnel air pressure regulating device provided in one embodiment of the present application, taken perpendicular to the tunnel extension direction. Figure 2 A top view of a tunnel air pressure regulating device provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 3This is a side view of a tunnel air pressure regulating device provided in an embodiment of the present application, parallel to the direction in which the tunnel extends. The tunnel air pressure regulating device provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a main pipeline 100, a pressure relief pipeline 200, a pressure boosting pipeline 300, a fan 410, and a wind pressure detection component 420; the main pipeline 100 is used to communicate with the tunnel; one end of the pressure relief pipeline 200 is used to communicate with the end of the main pipeline 100 away from the tunnel, and the other end of the pressure relief pipeline 200 is used to communicate with the outside world; the air inlet of the pressure boosting pipeline 300 is used to communicate with the outside world, and the air outlet of the pressure boosting pipeline 300 is used to connect with or cut off the main pipeline 100; the fan 410 is arranged in the pressure boosting pipeline 300. The duct 300 and the fan 410 are used to rotate to draw external air into the pressure-compensating duct 300; the wind pressure detection component 420 is used to be accommodated in the tunnel and is located on one side of the opening of the main duct 100. The wind pressure detection component 420 is used to detect the air pressure; when the detection value of the wind pressure detection component 420 is greater than the empty tunnel air pressure, the air outlet of the pressure-compensating duct 300 is cut off from the main duct 100; when the detection value of the wind pressure detection component 420 is less than the empty tunnel air pressure, the air outlet of the pressure-compensating duct 300 is connected to the main duct 100, and the fan 410 rotates.

[0043] Specifically, when the train enters the tunnel and approaches the main pipe 100, the air pressure near the opening of the main pipe 100 will be greater than the air pressure in the empty tunnel. The main pipe 100 is connected to the outside through the pressure relief pipe 200, so as to relieve the pressure in time, and the air outlet of the pressure compensating pipe 300 is cut off from the main pipe 100 to protect the fan 410 in the pressure compensating pipe 300, thereby improving the efficiency and service life of the tunnel air pressure regulating device; when the train is away from the opening of the main pipe 100, the air pressure near the opening of the main pipe 100 will be lower than the air pressure in the empty tunnel, and the air outlet of the pressure compensating pipe 300 is connected to the main pipe 100, and the fan 410 rotates to introduce the outside air into the tunnel through the pressure compensating pipe 300, so as to quickly compensate for the pressure inside the tunnel, thereby increasing the efficiency of tunnel air supply and offsetting the negative pressure at the rear of the train, and improving the efficiency of the tunnel air pressure regulating device.

[0044] Furthermore, the wind pressure detection component 420 is located on the inner wall of the tunnel, near the opening of the main duct 100, thereby accurately measuring the air pressure near the opening of the main duct 100. Specifically, the wind pressure detection component 420 is located on the side of the main duct 100 opening near the tunnel entrance. Therefore, when the train enters the tunnel, the wind pressure detection component 420 can promptly detect the air pressure near the opening of the main duct 100 and promptly control the air outlet of the pressure compensating duct 300 to be cut off from the main duct 100, thereby protecting the fan 410 within the pressure compensating duct 300. Preferably, the wind pressure detection component 420 is a wind pressure sensor.

[0045] It should be noted that the empty tunnel air pressure refers to the air pressure in the tunnel when the train has not entered the tunnel. The empty tunnel air pressure value can be a preset value or a value collected when the train has not entered the tunnel.

[0046] Furthermore, the connection between the inner wall of the pressure relief duct 200 and the inner wall of the main duct 100 is smooth, thereby reducing collisions with the airflow. This allows the high-pressure airflow in the tunnel to pass through the smooth duct wall and be promptly discharged to the outside world, thereby improving the pressure relief efficiency of the tunnel air pressure regulating device. Preferably, the pressure relief duct 200 and the main duct 100 are integrally formed.

[0047] To ensure tunnel safety, during excavation of the main pipeline 100, pressure relief pipeline 200, and booster pipeline 300, advance grouting was used to consolidate the tunnel opening before tunneling. It should be noted that piston winds are generally stronger near the tunnel entrance. Therefore, in this application, the opening of the main pipeline 100 away from the pressure relief pipeline 200 is located near the tunnel entrance. For example, the opening of the main pipeline 100 is 2 meters from the tunnel entrance and 2.3 meters above the ground. For example, the wind pressure detector 420 is located adjacent to the opening of the main pipeline 100 at a height of 2.3 meters.

[0048] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment, the pressure-compensating duct 300 includes an air guide section 310 and a ventilation section 320. The ventilation section 320 is connected to the air guide section 310 at one end and to the air guide section 310 at the other end. The air guide section 310 tapers in the direction from the air guide section 310 toward the ventilation section 320, facilitating airflow. The inner wall of the air guide section 310 is provided with spiral patterns, which facilitate the formation of vortices in the air guide section 310 when the fan 410 is turned on, thereby increasing the air flow rate within the pressure-compensating duct 300. Preferably, the pressure-compensating duct 300 extends vertically. For example, the length of the air guide section 310 is 1 meter. The inner diameter of the side of the air guide section 310 adjacent to the ventilation section 320 is 1 meter, and the inner diameter of the side of the air guide section 310 originally adjacent to the ventilation section 320 is 1.5 meters. The inner diameters of the ventilation section 320 are identical, all being 1 meter.

[0049] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the tunnel air pressure regulating device includes a controller 430 and a blocking member 440. The blocking member 440, the wind pressure detecting member 420, and the fan 410 are all electrically connected to the controller 430. The wind pressure detecting member 420 is used to transmit the detected air pressure value to the controller 430. The controller 430 controls the start and stop of the fan 410 and controls the rotation of the blocking member 440 according to the air pressure value information, so that the blocking member 440 blocks or clears the pressure compensation pipeline 300.

[0050] Specifically, the projected contour area of the blocking member 440 is larger than the inner contour area of the air outlet of the pressure-compensating duct 300. When the controller 430 controls the blocking member 440 to rotate so that it blocks the air outlet of the pressure-compensating duct 300, the air outlet of the pressure-compensating duct 300 is completely blocked, thereby isolating the main duct 100 and the pressure-compensating duct 300, i.e., disconnecting them from each other. This allows the high air pressure within the tunnel to be discharged to the outside world through the pressure relief duct 200. When the controller 430 controls the blocking member 440 to rotate so that it moves away from the air outlet of the main duct 100, the air outlet of the pressure-compensating duct 300 is cleared, thereby connecting the main duct 100 and the pressure-compensating duct 300. As the fan 410 rotates, external air can be introduced into the tunnel through the pressure-compensating duct 300 to provide pressure compensation.

[0051] It should be noted that when the train leaves the tunnel, the negative pressure airflow generated at the rear of the train is much smaller than the high pressure airflow generated when the train enters the tunnel. Therefore, when the pressure-compensating pipe 300 is connected to the main pipe 100 for pressure compensation, there is no need to worry about damage to the fan 410 in the pressure-compensating pipe 300.

[0052] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the pressure compensating pipe 300 is connected to the connection between the main pipe 100 and the pressure relief pipe 200, and the blocking member 440 is located between the pressure relief pipe 200 and the pressure compensating pipe 300. When the detection value of the wind pressure detecting member 420 is lower than the empty tunnel air pressure, the blocking member 440 of the controller 430 rotates to block the pressure relief pipe 200, thereby preventing the external wind entering through the pressure compensating pipe 300 from being discharged to the outside through the pressure relief pipe 200, thereby improving the reliability of the pressure compensating of the tunnel air pressure regulating device.

[0053] Furthermore, the blocking member 440 includes a movable door and a driver. The driver is electrically connected to the controller 430 and is in transmission connection with the movable door. The movable door is located at the junction of the pressure relief pipe 200 and the pressure compensation pipe 300. The controller 430 controls the driver to rotate the movable door. The movable door is a curved, plate-like structure that conforms to the inner wall of the main pipe 100. By closely fitting with the main pipe 100, it stably isolates the pressure relief pipe 200 or the pressure compensation pipe 300. Preferably, the driver is a motor.

[0054] It should be noted that when the wind pressure detection element 420's detection value changes from greater than the empty tunnel pressure to equal to the empty tunnel pressure, the blocking element 440 can be controlled to rotate in advance to connect the pressure-compensating pipe 300 with the main pipe 100. This prevents the blocking element 440's rotation from affecting the airflow when the wind pressure detection element 420's detection value falls below the empty tunnel pressure, thereby improving the reliability of the tunnel pressure regulating device. The main pipe 100 and the pressure relief pipe 200 are of equal length; illustratively, each is 2.5 meters long.

[0055] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the tunnel air pressure regulating device further includes a position detection component 450, which is used to be set in the tunnel. The position detection component 450 is electrically connected to the controller 430, and the position detection component 450 is used to transmit the train position information to the controller 430, so that the controller 430 controls the start and stop of the fan 410 according to the train position information and the air pressure detection value information.

[0056] Specifically, when the position detection component 450 detects that the train has left the opening of the main pipe 100 and the detection value of the wind pressure detection component 420 is less than the air pressure of the empty tunnel, it can be determined that the tunnel is under negative pressure, thereby accurately controlling the opening of the fan 410 to avoid misjudgment and interference with pressure relief.

[0057] Among them, when the position detection component 450 detects that the train leaves the opening of the main pipeline 100, and the detection value of the wind pressure detection component 420 is converted from greater than the empty tunnel air pressure to equal to the empty tunnel air pressure, the fan 410 is controlled to rotate, thereby shortening the pressure replenishment preparation process and improving the pressure replenishment efficiency.

[0058] Furthermore, position detection member 450 is located on the side of the main conduit 100 opening near the tunnel entrance. When position detection member 450 transitions from a blocked state to an unblocked state, controller 430 can determine that the train has left the main conduit 100 opening. For example, position detection member 450 is installed 1 meter from the main conduit 100 opening and at a height of 2.3 meters. Preferably, position detection member 450 is a photoelectric sensor. In other embodiments, position detection member 450 may also be a position sensor.

[0059] Among them, when the position detection component 450 detects that the train leaves the opening of the main pipe 100, and the detection value of the wind pressure detection component 420 changes from less than the empty tunnel air pressure to equal to the empty tunnel air pressure, the controller 430 controls the fan 410 to stop rotating to avoid energy waste.

[0060] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3In one embodiment, the controller 430 includes a first control module 431 and a second control module 432. The first control module 431 is electrically connected to the wind pressure detection component 420, the blocking component 440 and the fan 410, and the second control module 432 is electrically connected to the position detection component 450 and the fan 410. When the first control module 431 controls the fan 410 to turn on according to the air pressure detection value information, and the second control module 432 controls the fan 410 to turn on according to the train position information, the fan 410 turns on.

[0061] Specifically, through the setting of the first control module 431 and the second control module 432, the wind pressure detection component 420 and the position detection component 450 can be precisely controlled, and the fan 410 is only started when the first control module 431 and the second control module 432 both control the rotation of the fan 410, thereby improving reliability.

[0062] Furthermore, the first control module 431 and the second control module 432 are both installed in the pressure-compensating pipe 300 and on the pipe wall of the pressure-compensating pipe 300. Therefore, during the pressure relief process, the pressure-compensating pipe 300 is cut off from the main pipe 100, thereby protecting the first control module 431 and the second control module 432. The first control module 431 and the second control module 432 are located on either side of the fan 410 in the height direction. For example, the first controller 430 is installed at a height of 0.2 m from the intersection of the main pipe 100 and the pressure-compensating pipe 300, the second control module 432 is installed at a height of 1.1 m from the intersection of the main pipe 100 and the pressure-compensating pipe 300, and the fan 410 is installed at a height of 1 m from the intersection of the main pipe 100 and the pressure-compensating pipe 300.

[0063] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, on the vertical plane, the extension direction of the main pipe 100 is 20 to 23 degrees with the horizontal tangent of the tunnel wall, so that the extension direction of the main pipe 100 conforms to the flow law of the airflow, which can reduce the collision of the airflow with the pipe wall in the main pipe 100 and improve the smoothness of the airflow.

[0064] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, on the horizontal plane, the extension direction of the main pipe 100 is 12 to 15 degrees with the horizontal tangent of the tunnel wall, so that the extension direction of the main pipe 100 conforms to the flow law of the airflow, which can reduce the collision of the airflow with the pipe wall in the main pipe 100 and improve the smoothness of the airflow.

[0065] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 4This is a flow chart of a tunnel air pressure regulation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The present invention also provides a tunnel air pressure regulation method, comprising the following steps:

[0066] S10 A pressure relief pipe 200 and a pressure compensation pipe 300 communicating with the outside are opened on the tunnel wall, and a main pipe 100 communicating with the tunnel is opened.

[0067] S20 When the air pressure value of the tunnel near the opening of the main pipe 100 is greater than the air pressure of the empty tunnel, the air outlets of the main pipe 100 and the pressure compensation pipe 300 are controlled to be closed, and the air inlet of the main pipe 100 and the pressure relief pipe 200 are controlled to be connected.

[0068] Specifically, when the train enters the tunnel and approaches the main pipe 100, the air pressure near the opening of the main pipe 100 will increase, making the air pressure value near the opening of the main pipe 100 greater than the air pressure in the empty tunnel. By controlling the main pipe 100 to connect with the air inlet of the pressure relief pipe 200, the main pipe 100 is connected to the outside world for pressure relief.

[0069] S30 When the air pressure value in the tunnel near the opening of the main duct 100 is lower than the air pressure in the empty tunnel, the main duct 100 is controlled to communicate with the air outlet of the pressure-compensating duct 300 , and the fan 410 in the pressure-compensating duct 300 is controlled to rotate to draw external air into the pressure-compensating duct 300 .

[0070] Specifically, when the train moves away from the opening of the main pipe 100, the air pressure near the opening of the main pipe 100 will decrease, so that the air pressure value near the opening of the main pipe 100 is lower than the air pressure in the empty tunnel. The air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipe 300 is connected to the main pipe 100, and the fan 410 in the pressure-compensating pipe 300 is controlled to rotate to introduce external wind into the tunnel through the pressure-compensating pipe 300, so as to quickly compress the interior of the tunnel, thereby increasing the efficiency of tunnel air replenishment and offsetting the negative pressure at the rear of the train, and improving the efficiency of tunnel air pressure regulation.

[0071] In this embodiment, the air pressure value near the opening of the main pipeline 100 is detected by a wind pressure sensor.

[0072] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 In step S20, it specifically includes:

[0073] The blocking member 440 is controlled to rotate so that the blocking member 440 blocks the air inlet of the pressure compensation pipe 300 .

[0074] Specifically, when the pressure-compensating pipe 300 is opened, the pressure-compensating pipe 300 is connected to the main pipe 100, and the blocking piece 440 is rotated to control the connection and disconnection between the main pipe 100 and the pressure-compensating pipe 300. Therefore, when the air pressure value near the opening of the main pipe 100 in the tunnel is greater than the air pressure in the empty tunnel, the air outlets of the main pipe 100 and the pressure-compensating pipe 300 are controlled to be cut off, thereby protecting the fan 410 in the pressure-compensating pipe 300.

[0075] Furthermore, it also includes a controller 430, which is connected to the wind pressure sensor and the sealing member 440. The wind pressure detection member 420 is used to transmit the detected air pressure value to the controller 430. The controller 430 controls the start and stop of the fan 410 according to the air pressure value information, and controls the rotation of the sealing member 440 to make the sealing member 440 block or clear the pressure compensation pipeline 300.

[0076] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 , before step S30, further comprising:

[0077] When the air pressure value of the tunnel near the opening of the main pipe 100 changes from greater than the air pressure of the empty tunnel to equal to the air pressure of the empty tunnel, the main pipe 100 is controlled to communicate with the air outlet of the pressure compensation pipe 300.

[0078] Specifically, when the detection value of the wind pressure detection component 420 is converted from greater than the empty tunnel air pressure to equal to the empty tunnel air pressure, the blocking component 440 can be controlled to rotate in advance so that the pressure compensation pipe 300 is connected to the main pipe 100. Therefore, when the detection value of the wind pressure detection component 420 is less than the empty tunnel air pressure, the pressure compensation preparation time can be shortened, and the impact of the blocking component 440 on the air flow during rotation is avoided, thereby improving the reliability of the tunnel air pressure regulating device.

[0079] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 , before step S30, further comprising:

[0080] When the air pressure value in the tunnel near the opening of the main duct 100 changes from greater than the air pressure in the empty tunnel to equal to the air pressure in the empty tunnel, and the train leaves the opening of the main duct 100 , the fan 410 is controlled to rotate.

[0081] Specifically, the situation in the tunnel is doubly confirmed by the detection value of the wind pressure detection component 420 and the opening where the train leaves the main pipe 100, and then the motor rotation is controlled to avoid misjudgment, thereby avoiding interference with tunnel pressure relief.

[0082] It should be noted that when the air pressure value in the tunnel near the opening of the main pipe 100 is converted from greater than the air pressure in the empty tunnel to equal to the air pressure in the empty tunnel, the air pressure in the tunnel has stabilized. At this time, the sealing member 440 is controlled to rotate so that the main pipe 100 is connected to the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipe 300, which will not interfere with the pressure relief of the main pipe 100. Therefore, before or after the train leaves the opening of the main pipe 100, the main pipe 100 can be controlled to be connected to the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipe 300.

[0083] In this application, a photoelectric sensor is used to detect whether the train has left the opening of the main pipe 100. The photoelectric sensor is electrically connected to the controller 430, and when the photoelectric sensor changes from a blocked state to an unblocked state, it is determined that the train has left the opening of the main pipe 100.

[0084] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 , after step S30, further comprising:

[0085] When the air pressure value of the tunnel near the opening of the main pipeline 100 is converted from being equal to the air pressure of the empty tunnel to being equal to the air pressure of the empty tunnel, the fan 410 is controlled to be turned off.

[0086] Specifically, when the air pressure value near the opening of the tunnel main pipeline 100 is converted from equal to the empty tunnel air pressure to equal to the empty tunnel air pressure, the air pressure in the tunnel has stabilized at this time, and the fan 410 is controlled to be closed to save energy and prepare for the arrival of the next train.

[0087] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 In step S30, it specifically includes:

[0088] The air inlets of the main pipe 100 and the pressure relief pipe 200 are controlled to be cut off.

[0089] Specifically, when the detected value of wind pressure detector 420 is less than the empty tunnel air pressure, controller 430 rotates blocking member 440 to block pressure relief duct 200. This prevents outside wind entering through pressure-compensating duct 300 from being discharged through pressure relief duct 200, thereby improving the reliability of the tunnel air pressure regulating device's pressure compensation. The pressure-compensating duct 300 is connected to the junction of the main duct 100 and the pressure relief duct 200, and blocking member 440 is located between the pressure relief duct 200 and the pressure-compensating duct 300.

[0090] Furthermore, the blocking member 440 includes a movable door and a driver. The driver is electrically connected to the controller 430 and is in transmission connection with the movable door. The movable door is located at the junction of the pressure relief pipe 200 and the pressure compensation pipe 300. The controller 430 controls the driver to rotate the movable door. The movable door is a curved, plate-like structure that conforms to the inner wall of the main pipe 100. By closely fitting with the main pipe 100, it stably isolates the pressure relief pipe 200 or the pressure compensation pipe 300. Preferably, the driver is a motor.

[0091] In other embodiments, the tunnel air pressure regulating method proposed in the present application can also be implemented based on the above-mentioned tunnel air pressure regulating device. Its specific steps are similar to those of the above-mentioned tunnel air pressure regulating method, so they will not be repeated here.

[0092] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0093] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tunnel air pressure regulating device, characterized in that: The tunnel air pressure regulating device comprises: a main pipeline, the main pipeline being used to communicate with the tunnel; a pressure relief pipe, one end of which is used to communicate with an end of the main pipe away from the tunnel, and the other end of which is used to communicate with the outside world; A pressure-compensating pipe, wherein the air inlet of the pressure-compensating pipe is used to communicate with the outside world, and the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipe is used to communicate with or be cut off from the main pipe; a fan, the fan being disposed in the pressure-compensating pipe and configured to rotate to draw external air into the pressure-compensating pipe; and A wind pressure detection component is used to be accommodated in the tunnel and is located on one side of the opening of the main pipeline. The wind pressure detection component is used to detect air pressure; when the detection value of the wind pressure detection component is greater than the air pressure of the empty tunnel, the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipeline is cut off from the main pipeline; when the detection value of the wind pressure detection component is less than the air pressure of the empty tunnel, the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipeline is connected to the main pipeline, and the fan rotates.

2. The tunnel air pressure regulating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunnel air pressure regulating device includes a controller and a sealing member. The sealing member, the wind pressure detection member and the fan are all electrically connected to the controller. The wind pressure detection member is used to transmit the detected air pressure value to the controller. The controller controls the start and stop of the fan according to the air pressure value information, and controls the rotation of the sealing member to enable the sealing member to block or clear the pressure compensation pipeline.

3. The tunnel air pressure regulating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure-compensating pipe is connected to the connection between the main pipe and the pressure relief pipe, and the blocking member is located between the pressure relief pipe and the pressure-compensating pipe. When the detection value of the wind pressure detection member is less than the air pressure of the empty tunnel, the controller rotates the blocking member to block the pressure relief pipe.

4. The tunnel air pressure regulating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tunnel air pressure regulating device also includes a position detection component, which is used to be set in the tunnel. The position detection component is electrically connected to the controller. The position detection component is used to transmit train information to the controller so that the controller controls the start and stop of the fan according to the train position information and the air pressure detection value information.

5. The tunnel air pressure regulating device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: In the vertical plane, the extension direction of the main pipeline is at an angle of 20 to 23 degrees to the horizontal tangent line of the tunnel wall; and / or in the horizontal plane, the extension direction of the main pipeline is at an angle of 12 to 15 degrees to the horizontal tangent line of the tunnel wall.

6. A method for regulating tunnel air pressure, characterized in that: The steps include: A pressure relief pipe and a pressure supplement pipe connected to the outside world are opened on the tunnel wall, and a main pipe connected to the tunnel is opened; When the air pressure value of the tunnel near the opening of the main pipeline is greater than the air pressure of the empty tunnel, the air outlets of the main pipeline and the pressure-compensating pipeline are controlled to be cut off, and the air inlet of the main pipeline and the pressure-relief pipeline are controlled to be connected; When the air pressure value in the tunnel near the opening of the main pipeline is lower than the air pressure in the empty tunnel, the main pipeline is controlled to be connected to the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipeline, and the fan in the pressure-compensating pipeline is controlled to rotate to draw external air into the pressure-compensating pipeline.

7. The tunnel air pressure regulating method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Before the step of "when the air pressure value in the tunnel near the opening of the main pipeline is lower than the air pressure in the empty tunnel, controlling the main pipeline to communicate with the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipeline, and controlling the fan in the pressure-compensating pipeline to rotate so as to draw external air into the pressure-compensating pipeline", the method further includes: When the air pressure value of the tunnel near the opening of the main pipeline changes from greater than the air pressure of the empty tunnel to equal to the air pressure of the empty tunnel, the main pipeline is controlled to be connected to the air outlet of the pressure compensation pipeline.

8. The tunnel air pressure regulating method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Before the step of "when the air pressure value in the tunnel near the opening of the main pipeline is lower than the air pressure in the empty tunnel, controlling the main pipeline to communicate with the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipeline, and controlling the fan in the pressure-compensating pipeline to rotate so as to draw external air into the pressure-compensating pipeline", the method further includes: When the air pressure value of the tunnel near the opening of the main pipeline is converted from greater than the air pressure of the empty tunnel to equal to the air pressure of the empty tunnel, and the train leaves the opening of the main pipeline, the fan is controlled to rotate.

9. The tunnel air pressure regulating method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: After the step of "when the air pressure value in the tunnel near the opening of the main pipeline is lower than the air pressure in the empty tunnel, controlling the main pipeline to communicate with the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipeline, and controlling the fan in the pressure-compensating pipeline to rotate so as to draw external air into the pressure-compensating pipeline", the method further includes: When the air pressure value of the tunnel near the opening of the main pipeline is converted from being equal to the air pressure of the empty tunnel to being equal to the air pressure of the empty tunnel, the fan is controlled to be closed.

10. The tunnel air pressure regulating method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: The step of "controlling the main pipeline to communicate with the air outlet of the pressure-compensating pipeline and controlling the fan in the pressure-compensating pipeline to rotate so as to draw external air into the pressure-compensating pipeline when the air pressure value in the tunnel near the opening of the main pipeline is lower than the air pressure in the empty tunnel" specifically includes: Control the air inlets of the main pipeline and the pressure relief pipeline to be cut off.

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