STM32-based dual-channel wireless laser displacement measurement device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-channel wireless laser displacement measuring device based on STM32 and a working method. The device comprises a structural shell sealing cover plate, a laser sensor wiring terminal, a PCB, a wireless module ESP32 interface, a power interface, a structural tool and a magnetic base used for fixing. The laser sensor wiring terminal, the wireless module ESP32 interface and the power interface are all arranged on the PCB, and the PCB is fixedly installed in the tool shell; the laser sensor wiring terminal is used for connecting a laser displacement sensor and receiving an acquisition signal transmitted by the laser displacement sensor; and the PCB integrates a signal conditioning circuit, a main control circuit and a peripheral circuit and is used for realizing synchronous acquisition and data conversion of dual-channel analog signals. The structure not only has high integration level and portability, but also can realize high-precision real-time remote non-contact displacement measurement, and is particularly suitable for field measurement requirements of complex environments such as vibration displacement of key components of a tracked vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of displacement measurement technology, and in particular to an STM32-based dual-channel wireless laser displacement measurement device and a working method. Background Art

[0002] At present, the operating conditions of tracked vehicles in complex field environments are relatively harsh, especially when driving on complex terrain conditions, which easily generate large dynamic vibrations. This vibration displacement not only affects the comfort and safety of the driver, but also has an adverse effect on the structural strength and durability of the tracked vehicle. The displacement characteristics of the key components of tracked vehicles directly reflect the stability and reliability of the vehicle's operating status. Therefore, real-time and accurate monitoring of the vibration displacement of key components of tracked vehicles under different working conditions has become a research focus to ensure driving safety and equipment maintenance. However, traditional displacement measurement devices have problems in actual applications, such as complex wiring, difficult installation, inconvenient transmission, and difficulty in achieving multi-channel synchronous measurement and remote real-time monitoring. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to study and develop a high-precision dual-channel laser displacement measurement device with a compact structure, easy installation and wireless transmission function. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical issues, the present invention aims to provide a dual-channel wireless laser displacement measurement device based on an STM32 microcontroller and an ESP32 wireless module. This device enables real-time, high-precision monitoring of the vibration displacement of key components of tracked vehicles during travel. The key lies in the simultaneous acquisition of dual-channel laser sensor signals using the STM32 and the real-time wireless transmission of data using the ESP32.

[0004] The present invention provides a dual-channel wireless laser displacement measuring device based on STM32, comprising: a structural housing sealing cover, a laser sensor terminal, a PCB circuit board, a wireless module ESP32 interface, a power interface, a structural tooling, and a magnetic base for fixing;

[0005] The laser sensor terminal, wireless module ESP32 interface, and power interface are all placed on a PCB circuit board, and the PCB circuit board is fixedly installed inside the structural tooling; the laser sensor terminal is used to connect to the laser displacement sensor and receive the acquisition signal transmitted by the laser displacement sensor; the PCB circuit board integrates a signal conditioning circuit, a main control circuit, and a peripheral circuit to realize the synchronous acquisition and data conversion of dual-channel analog signals; the wireless module ESP32 interface is used to connect ESP32 and STM32, and transmit the collected displacement data to the host computer in real time via WiFi; the power interface is used to connect to an external power supply and provide a stable operating voltage for the system through the power conversion circuit of the PCB circuit board; the structural shell sealing cover is used to seal the top of the structural tooling and protect the internal circuit; the magnetic base is arranged at the bottom of the structural shell and is used to connect to the vehicle metal test object.

[0006] The structural tooling is internally integrated with a PCB circuit board, which is integrated with a laser sensor terminal, a wireless module ESP32 interface, and a power supply interface.

[0007] A magnetic base is provided at the bottom end of the structural tooling, and the magnetic base is detachably connected to the metal test object.

[0008] The signal acquisition system of the PCB circuit board is designed to synchronously process dual-channel analog signals to achieve multi-channel displacement measurement.

[0009] 6. The dual-channel wireless displacement measuring device based on STM32 according to claim 2 is characterized in that the power supply circuit of the PCB circuit board includes a step-down circuit and a step-up circuit, the step-down circuit realizes the decompression process of 12V to 5V and 5V to 3.3V, and the step-up circuit realizes the change of 12V to 24V.

[0010] 6. The dual-channel wireless displacement measurement device based on STM32 according to claim 1, characterized in that the signal conditioning circuit of the PCB circuit board includes a resistor voltage divider circuit and a voltage follower circuit.

[0011] 7. The dual-channel wireless displacement measuring device based on STM32 according to claim 1, characterized in that the microcontroller of the PCB circuit board is an STM32F407 series microcontroller.

[0012] 8. The dual-channel wireless displacement measuring device based on STM32 according to claim 1 is characterized in that the interface of the wireless module ESP32 is a WiFi wireless transmission mode based on serial communication.

[0013] A working method of a dual-channel wireless laser displacement measurement device based on STM32, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Use laser displacement sensor to output 0-5V analog voltage signal;

[0015] The analog voltage signal is collected and processed by the signal conditioning circuit, and the STM32 microcontroller is used to realize dual-channel synchronous acquisition and convert the voltage signal into displacement data;

[0016] The processed displacement data is wirelessly transmitted to the PC via ESP32's WiFi for real-time monitoring and analysis.

[0017] The present invention discloses a dual-channel wireless laser measuring device based on STM32, which has at least the following features:

[0018] Beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The wireless laser displacement measurement device of the present invention uses a voltage signal conditioning circuit with a resistor divider and a voltage follower to accurately convert the 0-5V voltage signal output by the laser sensor into a 0-3.3V voltage signal.

[0020] 2. The device of the present invention adopts the acquisition and wireless transmission mode of STM32+ESP32, connects STM32 and ESP32 through serial communication, and can realize wireless WiFi real-time transmission of displacement data, which greatly reduces the wiring complexity of traditional measuring equipment and makes the device easier to quickly deploy and maintain in dynamic measurement environments such as tracked vehicles.

[0021] 3. The PCB circuit board of the present invention integrates the power supply circuit, signal conditioning circuit, sensor terminal blocks, and ESP module interface, realizing an integrated design of the electrical system, making the overall structure of the device more compact, effectively reducing the volume and weight of the device, and significantly improving the measurement portability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the dual-channel wireless laser displacement measurement device based on STM32 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the working principle of the dual-channel wireless laser displacement measurement device based on STM32 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3It is a data processing flow chart of the signal acquisition and displacement conversion of the measuring device;

[0026] Figure 4 It is the schematic diagram of the voltage signal conditioning circuit of the measuring device;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a comparative analysis chart of the displacement data between the measuring device and the standard development board;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a component displacement curve diagram of the measuring device under the driving condition of the tracked vehicle model.

[0029] Among them: 1-structural shell sealing cover, 2-laser sensor terminal, 3-PCB circuit board, 4-wireless module ESP32 interface, 5-power interface, 6-structural tooling, 7-left magnetic base, 8-right magnetic base, 9-lower computer, 10-upper computer, 11-12V power supply circuit, 12-laser displacement sensor, 13-signal conditioning circuit, 14-AD acquisition circuit, 15-MCU circuit, 16-UART serial port circuit, 17-voltage follower, 18-resistance voltage divider circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention:

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, a dual-channel wireless laser displacement measurement device based on STM32 in this embodiment includes a shell sealing cover 1, a laser sensor terminal 2, a PCB circuit board 3, a wireless module ESP32 interface 4, a power interface 5, a structural tooling 6, a first magnetic base 7 and a second magnetic base 8.

[0032] The PCB integrated circuit board 3 is mounted within the structural fixture 6. The PCB integrates laser sensor terminals 2, wireless module ESP3 interface 4, and power interface 5. The laser sensor terminals 2 are used to connect to an external dual-channel laser displacement sensor and provide power and signal input for the sensor. The wireless module ESP3 interface 4 is used to connect to the ESP32 wireless module, enabling data communication with the STM32 microcontroller via the serial port and WiFi wireless data transmission. The power interface 5 is used to connect to an external power source or battery, providing stable power to the device through the power circuit. The first and second magnetic bases 7 and 8 are located at the bottom of the structural fixture 6. They utilize magnetic force to quickly and securely connect to key components of the tracked vehicle, facilitating rapid installation and removal at the test site and ensuring the reliability and stability of the measurement process.

[0033] like Figure 2As shown in the figure, the measuring device is powered by a power supply, and the analog signal output by the laser displacement sensor is sent to the STM32F407 microcontroller for data acquisition and processing. The processed displacement data is sent to the ESP32 wireless module through the serial port. The ESP32 wireless module transmits the data to the receiver of the host computer in real time through WiFi wireless mode, and the receiver transmits the data to the PC through the serial port, realizing real-time display and analysis of the displacement data.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the data processing flow of the measuring device is as follows: the 12V power supply circuit 11 provides power for the measuring device; the laser displacement sensor 12 is powered by 24V and outputs a 0-5V analog signal to the resistor voltage divider and voltage follower circuit for signal conditioning; the signal conditioning circuit converts the 0-3.3V analog signal into an input to the ADC of the STM32F407 microcontroller for timed synchronous acquisition; the STM32 microcontroller processes the collected data and transmits the data to the ESP32 through the serial port, and the ESP32 wireless module sends it to the remote receiver in the form of WiFi.

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the voltage signal conditioning circuit specifically includes a resistor divider circuit 18 and a voltage follower circuit 17. The resistor divider circuit 18 converts the 0-5V signal output by the sensor into 0-3.3V, and the voltage follower 17 is used to improve the signal driving capability to ensure stable and accurate signal input to the STM32 ADC.

[0036] like Figure 5 As shown, by comparing and analyzing the data collected by the measuring device of the present invention with the displacement collection data of the standard development board, the collected data are highly consistent, which confirms the accuracy and reliability of the present invention.

[0037] like Figure 6 As shown in the figure, this device tests the displacement changes of relevant components of the tracked vehicle model relative to the vehicle body during driving. The results show that the measurement data can clearly and stably reflect the vibration displacement characteristics of the key components of the tracked vehicle model, and is suitable for complex field environments and industrial site conditions.

[0038] During specific implementation, the laser sensor 12 may adopt models with different measuring ranges to meet different industrial field measurement requirements.

[0039] In the specific implementation, the standard serial port communication protocol is used for data communication between the ESP32 wireless module and the STM32F407 microcontroller to ensure the stability and real-time performance of data transmission.

[0040] During specific implementation, the structural tooling body and the packaging cover plate of the present invention can be further sealed with a sealing ring to enhance the dust and moisture resistance of the equipment and adapt to complex industrial environments.

[0041] In specific implementation, the output range of the signal conditioning circuit can be fine-tuned by adjusting the resistance value of the resistor divider circuit to meet the needs of different sensors and measurement environments.

[0042] The STM32-based dual-channel wireless laser displacement measurement device of the present invention is applied to the specific displacement measurement process as follows:

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the PCB circuit board 3 is first fixed to the interior of the structural fixture 6 using bolts and nuts to ensure that the PCB circuit board remains stable and effectively protected during the measurement process. The structural fixture is then sealed using a packaging cover plate 1 to prevent external environmental factors from interfering with the measurement circuit. An external 12V removable power supply is connected to the PCB circuit board 3 through the power interface 5. The power conversion circuit integrated on the PCB circuit board efficiently converts the external voltage, specifically by stepping down the 12V to 5V, and then further stepping down the 5V to 3.3V for use by the STM32F407 microcontroller and ESP32 wireless module. At the same time, the 12V is boosted to 24V to provide a stable power supply for the laser displacement sensor.

[0044] The laser displacement sensor is connected to a PCB (printed circuit board) 3 via a dedicated sensor interface 2. The voltage signal conditioning circuit on the PCB processes and converts the 0-5V analog signal output by the sensor. The converted 0-3.3V analog signal is then fed into an STM32F407 microcontroller for synchronous data acquisition. The microcontroller performs precise analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) on the analog signal and converts the displacement value, enabling high-precision, real-time acquisition of measurement data.

[0045] Furthermore, first and second magnetic bases 7 and 8 are securely fastened to the bottom of the structural housing 6 via bolts and nuts. Their magnetic force allows them to quickly and securely adhere to the structural surfaces of key tracked vehicle components, significantly improving the convenience and efficiency of on-site installation. This makes them particularly suitable for rapid deployment and measurement under complex test conditions. When the entire device is mounted opposite the object being measured, the laser beam emitted by the laser displacement sensor enables remote, non-contact measurement of the object's surface displacement, avoiding the measurement errors and mechanical interference that can occur with traditional contact measurement.

[0046] like Figure 6As shown in the figure, after the raw data collected by the PCB during the measurement process is transmitted to a remote PC host computer, the data undergoes signal processing steps such as low-pass filtering, outlier removal, data smoothing, and normalization, further improving the accuracy and stability of the measured data. Ultimately, curve data is obtained that accurately reflects the actual displacement changes of the measured object under different working conditions, verifying the excellent performance of the device in dynamic real-time displacement measurement.

[0047] In summary, the dual-channel wireless laser displacement measurement device based on STM32 proposed in the present invention not only has high integration and portability, but also can realize high-precision real-time remote non-contact displacement measurement, which is particularly suitable for on-site measurement needs in complex environments such as the vibration displacement of key components of tracked vehicles.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-channel wireless laser displacement measurement device based on STM32, characterized in that: include: Structural housing sealing cover, laser sensor terminal block, PCB circuit board, wireless module ESP32 interface, power interface, structural tooling and magnetic base for fixation; The laser sensor terminal, wireless module ESP32 interface, and power interface are all placed on a PCB circuit board, and the PCB circuit board is fixedly installed inside the structural tooling; the laser sensor terminal is used to connect to the laser displacement sensor and receive the acquisition signal transmitted by the laser displacement sensor; the PCB circuit board integrates a signal conditioning circuit, a main control circuit, and a peripheral circuit to realize the synchronous acquisition and data conversion of dual-channel analog signals; the wireless module ESP32 interface is used to connect ESP32 and STM32, and transmit the collected displacement data to the host computer in real time via WiFi; the power interface is used to connect to an external power supply and provide a stable operating voltage for the system through the power conversion circuit of the PCB circuit board; the structural shell sealing cover is used to seal the top of the structural tooling and protect the internal circuit; the magnetic base is arranged at the bottom of the structural shell and is used to connect to the vehicle metal test object.

2. The dual-channel wireless displacement measuring device based on STM32 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The structural tooling is internally integrated with a PCB circuit board, which is integrated with a laser sensor terminal, a wireless module ESP32 interface, and a power supply interface.

3. The dual-channel wireless displacement measuring device based on STM32 according to claim 2, characterized in that: A magnetic base is provided at the bottom end of the structural tooling, and the magnetic base is detachably connected to the metal test object.

4. The dual-channel wireless displacement measuring device based on STM32 according to claim 2, characterized in that: The signal acquisition system of the PCB circuit board is designed to synchronously process dual-channel analog signals to achieve multi-channel displacement measurement.

5. The dual-channel wireless displacement measuring device based on STM32 according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power supply circuit of the PCB circuit board includes a step-down circuit and a step-up circuit. The step-down circuit realizes the decompression process of 12V to 5V and 5V to 3.3V, and the step-up circuit realizes the change of 12V to 24V.

6. The dual-channel wireless displacement measuring device based on STM32 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal conditioning circuit of the PCB circuit board includes a resistor voltage divider circuit and a voltage follower circuit.

7. The dual-channel wireless displacement measuring device based on STM32 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microcontroller of the PCB circuit board is an STM32F407 series microcontroller.

8. The dual-channel wireless displacement measuring device based on STM32 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless module ESP32 interface is a WiFi wireless transmission method based on serial communication.

9. A method for operating the device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Use laser displacement sensor to output 0-5V analog voltage signal; The analog voltage signal is collected and processed by the signal conditioning circuit, and the STM32 microcontroller is used to realize dual-channel synchronous acquisition and convert the voltage signal into displacement data; The processed displacement data is wirelessly transmitted to the PC via ESP32's WiFi for real-time monitoring and analysis.

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