Intelligent real-time prediction device for tunnel rock-soil stability

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering detection, in particular to an intelligent tunnel geotechnical stability real-time prediction device which comprises a support arranged on the periphery of a tunnel, a drainage network arranged on the periphery of the tunnel and a processing terminal used for inputting and storing geological information on the periphery of the tunnel. The processing terminal is electrically connected with a plurality of optical fiber detection modules, a vibration detection module and an underground water level detection module; the support is fixedly connected with a plurality of hydraulic rods used for installing the vibration detection module, the processing terminal is used for inputting and storing position data of the hydraulic rods, the first detection module obtains a suspected deformation area based on the current time, and then a corresponding comparison deformation area is obtained based on terrain deformation data collected by the annular detection module and the linear detection module. Displaying a corresponding early warning prompt; the method is used for reducing the interference influence on the sensors arranged around the tunnel and guaranteeing the accuracy of data in the real-time monitoring process so as to improve the accuracy of rock and soil stability evaluation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering detection, and in particular to an intelligent real-time prediction device for tunnel geotechnical stability. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel geotechnical stability monitoring is a core component of tunnel engineering lifecycle management. Geotechnical stability is subject to multiple factors, including geological conditions, engineering activities, environmental factors, and human activities. Therefore, existing stability monitoring methods primarily rely on real-time monitoring data combined with model analysis to dynamically assess geotechnical deformation, stress changes, and potential risks.

[0003] For example, vibrating-wire sensors can sense internal vibration signals in rock and soil, enabling micron-level deformation monitoring. They are suitable for capturing key parameters such as tunnel settlement and support structure deformation. However, they are susceptible to electromagnetic interference, resulting in data offset. Furthermore, in high-humidity and corrosive geological environments, the lifespan of electrical sensors may be shortened. Fiber-optic detection modules, on the other hand, use light waves as a carrier, are immune to electromagnetic interference, and are suitable for environments with strong electromagnetic fields and radiation. They also offer distributed monitoring capabilities, which mitigate the shortcomings of vibrating-wire sensors. Furthermore, varying geological conditions surrounding tunnels can affect the monitoring sensors and thus the accuracy of prediction results. In weak surrounding rock conditions, the rock mass has low strength and poor self-stabilization, making it prone to large deformation and collapse. Therefore, high-precision displacement meters (such as vibrating-wire sensors), vibrating-wire earth pressure cells, and water level gauges are required for comprehensive monitoring and real-time early warning. In hard rock conditions, the rock mass is strong but may contain structural surfaces such as joints and fissures. The distributed monitoring capabilities of fiber-optic detection modules enable simultaneous monitoring of cracks and deformation joints. In fault fracture zones, the rock mass is fragmented and highly water-rich, making it prone to water and mud inrush. Water level gauges are required to monitor groundwater level changes, displacement meters to monitor surrounding rock deformation, and anchor axial force gauges to monitor support forces to prevent structural instability.

[0004] Therefore, based on the need to combine the collection of multi-parameter data such as displacement, stress, and groundwater in geotechnical stability assessment, the present invention provides a real-time prediction device with wide applicability to reduce the interference effect of sensors arranged around the tunnel, ensure the accuracy of real-time monitoring process data, and thus improve the accuracy of geotechnical stability assessment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an intelligent real-time prediction device for tunnel geotechnical stability, which reduces the interference effects on sensors arranged around the tunnel, ensures the accuracy of real-time monitoring process data, and improves the accuracy of geotechnical stability assessment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: an intelligent real-time prediction device for tunnel geotechnical stability, comprising supports arranged around the tunnel, a drainage network arranged around the tunnel, and a processing terminal for recording and storing geological information around the tunnel, the processing terminal being electrically connected to a plurality of optical fiber detection modules, a vibration detection module, and a groundwater level detection module; a plurality of hydraulic rods being fixedly connected to the supports, and the vibration detection module being located at an end of the hydraulic rod away from the supports; The optical fiber detection module includes an annular detection module and a linear detection module. The annular detection module is arranged in a ring with the tunnel as the center, and the linear detection module is arranged in the direction of the tunnel. The vibration detection module includes a first detection module and a second detection module. The first detection module is arranged in a ring with the tunnel as the center, and the second detection module is located below the support and at the junction of the drainage network and the groundwater level detection module. The processing terminal is also used to enter and store the position data of each hydraulic rod, and compare the vibration data corresponding to the first detection module at the current time with the set standard value. When the vibration data is greater than the standard value, the current position data is marked as a suspected deformation area, and then the suspected deformation area and the comparison deformation area are compared for consistency, and early warning reminders and optical fiber adjustment processing are performed.

[0007] Furthermore, the vibration detection module is arranged around the soft surrounding rock, and the optical fiber detection module is located at the cracks around the hard geological surrounding rock, and at the junction of the hard geological surrounding rock and the soft surrounding rock.

[0008] Furthermore, the output end of the hydraulic rod is hinged with a protection block, the vibration detection module is located inside the protection block, and several connecting rods are arranged in a ring outside the hydraulic rod. A shielding layer is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. One end of the connecting rod is slidably matched with the support, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the protection block.

[0009] Furthermore, a pad is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod away from the protective block, and a hose corresponding to the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the pad. The hose is arranged in a ring with the hydraulic rod as the center. A flow rate sensor for measuring real-time flow rate is connected to the hose, and the flow rate sensor is electrically connected to the processing terminal. The processing terminal is also used to enter and store the corresponding orientation data of each hose, mark the real-time flow rate with the orientation data, and then calculate the difference between the maximum and minimum values of the real-time flow rate, and compare the difference with the set limit value. If the difference is greater than the limit value, the contrast deformation area corresponding to the annular detection module and the linear detection module is obtained, and the contrast deformation area is compared with the orientation data corresponding to the maximum value of the real-time flow rate for consistency. If the contrast deformation area is consistent with the orientation data, a corresponding early warning reminder is displayed based on the vibration data; if the contrast deformation area is inconsistent with the orientation data, a cleaning mark is added to the hydraulic rod; if the difference is less than the limit value, a normal mark is added to the hydraulic rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the processing terminal is also used to compare the real-time flow velocity corresponding to the current time minimum value with the set blockage threshold. If the real-time flow velocity is less than the blockage threshold, the comparison deformation area corresponding to the annular detection module and the linear detection module is obtained, and the comparison deformation area is compared with the position data corresponding to the current hydraulic rod for consistency. If they are consistent, the corresponding early warning reminder is displayed based on the vibration data; if they are inconsistent, a cleaning mark is added to the hydraulic rod; if the real-time flow velocity is greater than the blockage threshold, a normal mark is added to the hydraulic rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the processing terminal is also used to send a start instruction to the adjacent hydraulic rod based on the position data when the compared deformation area is consistent with the position data corresponding to the current hydraulic rod, and compare the real-time flow rate corresponding to the minimum value obtained by the adjacent hydraulic rod with the set blockage threshold. When the real-time flow rate is less than the blockage threshold, a verification confirmation instruction is added based on the corresponding early warning reminder displayed by the vibration data. When the real-time flow rate is greater than the blockage threshold, a fluctuation graph corresponding to the vibration data is drawn and displayed based on the position data.

[0012] Furthermore, the processing terminal is also used to obtain the position data of the center of the suspected deformation area, and send a start instruction to the adjacent hydraulic rods based on the position data at the same time, record the time when the first detection module generates stable vibration data corresponding to each position data, add a recessed position mark to each position data based on the time, and compare the recessed position mark with the deformation condition of the suspected deformation area for consistency. If they are consistent, a corresponding early warning reminder is displayed based on the vibration data; if they are inconsistent, a maintenance instruction is sent to the hydraulic rod.

[0013] Furthermore, a closing plate that slides with the support is provided around the second detection module, the side of the closing plate away from the second detection module is connected to the drainage network, and a slide that slides with the support is provided between adjacent closing plates; The second detection module is fixedly connected to the slide plate, and a first spring is fixedly connected between the slide plate and the support, and a second spring is fixedly connected between the closing plate and the slide plate; When the closing plate is located on both sides of the second detection module, the second detection module is against the surrounding rock, and the first spring and the second spring are in normal state; when adjacent closing plates overlap, the closing plate is against the second detection module, and the first spring and the second spring are in a compressed state.

[0014] Furthermore, a sponge layer is fixedly connected to one side of the closing plate close to the second detection module; The processing terminal is used to compare the vibration data of the second detection module before and after the current time. If the vibration data at the current time is less than the vibration data before the current time, the vibration data at the current time is compared with the silent value. If the vibration data is greater than the silent value, a default instruction is sent to the groundwater level detection module; if the vibration data is less than the silent value, a start instruction is sent to the groundwater level detection module, and a recovery instruction is sent to the hydraulic rod at the same time, and a wet mark is added based on the current time; if the vibration data at the current time is greater than or equal to the vibration data before the current time, a default instruction is sent to the groundwater level detection module.

[0015] Furthermore, a pressure sensor is fixedly connected to one side of the closing plate close to the second detection module, and the pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure data of the second spring on the closing plate in real time; The processing terminal is also used to calculate the difference between adjacent pressure data when the vibration data is greater than the silent value. If the difference is greater than the working value, the position data corresponding to the pressure data on one side being greater than the pressure data on the other side is obtained, and a maintenance instruction is sent to the corresponding hydraulic rod based on the position data, and a recovery instruction is sent to the hydraulic rod corresponding in the opposite direction based on the position data; if the difference is less than the working value, a recovery instruction is sent to the hydraulic rod.

[0016] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects: 1. This solution sets up hydraulic rods in various directions so that they can be extended to collect and process vibration data around the tunnel, making it easier to understand the vibration conditions in different directions around the tunnel. During normal data collection, controllable data collection is provided through the control of the hydraulic rods, which reduces the uploading and processing of redundant data during data collection by vibration detection modules in different directions, thereby reducing the overall processing capacity of the system. It also reduces the impact of electromagnetic field interference on data deviation caused by the vibration detection module during daily data collection around the tunnel. Through daily data collection and processing by the optical fiber detection module, the accuracy of real-time monitoring process data is guaranteed.

[0017] 2. This solution reconfirms the deformation data collected by the fiber optic detection modules arranged around the tunnel by re-collecting data using the vibration detection module on the hydraulic rod, thereby improving the accuracy of the geotechnical stability assessment.

[0018] 3. This solution uses different fiber optic detection modules and vibration detection modules in conjunction to ensure the re-determination of possible deformation of local methods. During the data collection process, vibration detection modules in different orientations are used to compare the suspected deformation area with the comparison deformation area for consistency, thereby reducing the exclusion of abnormal responses of vibration data at the current time due to construction or other factors, thereby ensuring the accuracy of geotechnical stability assessment and reducing the interference effects on sensors arranged around the tunnel.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is an axonometric diagram of an embodiment of an intelligent real-time prediction device for tunnel rock and soil stability according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of an embodiment of an intelligent real-time prediction device for tunnel rock and soil stability according to the present invention; Figure 3 A top view of an embodiment of an intelligent real-time prediction device for tunnel rock and soil stability according to the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-section along the AA direction; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of part B in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of part C in the middle.

[0021] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1. support; 2. drainage net; 21. slide plate; 22. closing plate; 3. vibration detection module; 4. optical fiber detection module; 5. hydraulic rod; 51. protection block; 6. connecting rod; 61. hose. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods: Embodiment 1:

[0026] As attached Figures 1 to 6 The present invention shows an intelligent real-time prediction device for tunnel geotechnical stability, comprising a support 1 arranged around the tunnel, a drainage network 2 arranged around the tunnel, and a processing terminal for recording and storing geological information around the tunnel. The processing terminal is electrically connected to a plurality of optical fiber detection modules 4, a vibration detection module 3, and a groundwater level detection module. The vibration detection module 3 is arranged around the weak surrounding rock, and the optical fiber detection module 4 is located at cracks within the hard rock surrounding rock, as well as at the junction of the hard and weak surrounding rock. In this embodiment, the optical fiber detection module 4, the vibration detection module 3, and the groundwater level detection module are all prior art and will not be described in detail in this embodiment. The support 1 is fixedly connected to a plurality of hydraulic rods 5. The hydraulic rods 5 are arranged in a ring around the outer wall of the support 1. The output ends of the hydraulic rods 5 are hinged to a protective block 51. The vibration detection module 3 is located within the protective block 51. The hydraulic rods 5 are arranged in a ring around the outer wall of the support 1. The vibration detection module 3 is located within the protective block 51. The hydraulic rods 5 are arranged in a ring around the outer wall of the support 1. The shielding layer is fixedly connected to the connecting rods 6. One end of the connecting rod 6 slides with the support 1, and the other end of the connecting rod 6 is hinged to the protective block 51.

[0027] Because the fiber optic detection module 4 uses optical fiber to collect and process data about the surrounding terrain, areas where deformation of weak surrounding rock has occurred are easily affected during routine data collection. Therefore, it is arranged around the hard geological surrounding rock to ensure the stability of the optical fiber transmission process. The junction between hard geological surrounding rock and weak surrounding rock is prone to dislocation and deformation. The fiber optic detection module 4 measures the deformation at the junction to ensure timely monitoring and processing of the deformation. The vibration detection module 3 collects and processes data around the weak surrounding rock to ensure the accuracy of the deformation data collection, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the subsequent geotechnical stability prediction.

[0028] The optical fiber detection module 4 includes an annular detection module and a linear detection module. The annular detection module is arranged in a ring shape with the tunnel as the center, and the linear detection module is arranged in the direction of the tunnel. The vibration detection module 3 includes a first detection module and a second detection module. The first detection module is arranged in a ring shape with the tunnel as the center, and the second detection module is located below the support 1, and the second detection module is located at the junction of the drainage network 2 and the groundwater level detection module.

[0029] The processing terminal is also used to enter and store the position data of each hydraulic rod 5, and compare the vibration data corresponding to the first detection module at the current time with the set standard value. If the vibration data is greater than the standard value, the current position data is marked as a suspected deformation area, and a start instruction is sent to the annular detection module and the linear detection module; if the vibration data is less than the standard value, a standby instruction is sent to the annular detection module and the linear detection module; the processing terminal then obtains the corresponding comparison deformation area based on the terrain deformation data collected by the annular detection module and the linear detection module, and compares the suspected deformation area with the comparison deformation area for consistency. If they are consistent, the corresponding early warning reminder is displayed based on the vibration data; if they are inconsistent, the optical fiber adjustment instruction is displayed based on the comparison deformation area.

[0030] One end of the connecting rod 6 away from the protective block 51 is fixedly connected to a pad, and a hose 61 corresponding to the connecting rod 6 is fixedly connected to the pad. The hose 61 is arranged in a ring with the hydraulic rod 5 as the center. A flow sensor for measuring the real-time flow rate is connected to the hose 61, and the flow rate sensor is electrically connected to the processing terminal; the processing terminal is also used to enter and store the corresponding azimuth data of each hose 61, mark the real-time flow rate with the azimuth data, and then calculate the difference between the maximum and minimum values of the real-time flow rate, and compare the difference with the set limit value. If the difference is greater than the limit value, the contrast deformation area corresponding to the annular detection module and the linear detection module is obtained, and the contrast deformation area is compared with the azimuth data corresponding to the maximum value of the real-time flow rate for consistency. If the contrast deformation area is consistent with the azimuth data, a corresponding early warning reminder is displayed based on the vibration data; if the contrast deformation area is inconsistent with the azimuth data, a cleaning mark is added to the hydraulic rod 5; if the difference is less than the limit value, a normal mark is added to the hydraulic rod 5.

[0031] For example, when the hydraulic rod 5 pushes the vibration detection module 3 on the protection block 51 to move, when the surrounding rock of the tunnel is deformed, the surrounding rock will exert a force on the protection block 51 to deflect the protection block 51, so that the connecting rod 6 in the corresponding direction squeezes the hose 61; the pressure change of the connecting rod 6 on the hose 61 is used to determine the deformation impact of the surrounding surrounding rock on the tunnel when the surrounding surrounding rock is dislocated, so as to determine the stability of the surrounding rock and soil according to the impact; at the same time, a consistency comparison is made based on the orientation data and the comparison deformation zone to determine whether the movement is caused by the pressure exerted on the protection block 51 due to the movement of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, and to exclude the movement range of the protection block 51 blocked by the flow of sediment in the surrounding rock. Through marking processing, the smoothness of the protection block 51 during movement is guaranteed, so as to facilitate the subsequent collection of vibration data and the prediction of the changing trend of rock and soil stability through vibration data.

[0032] The specific implementation process is as follows: After the vibration detection module 3 and the optical fiber detection module 4 are installed around the support 1, they are set up through hydraulic rods 5 in various directions so that they can be extended under the control of the hydraulic rods 5 to collect and process the vibration data around the tunnel, making it convenient to understand the vibration conditions in different directions around the tunnel. During the normal collection process, controllable data collection is provided through the control of the hydraulic rods 5, that is, the uploading and processing of redundant data during the data collection process of the vibration detection modules 3 in different directions is reduced, thereby reducing the overall processing capacity of the system; it also reduces the influence of electromagnetic field interference on the data deviation of the vibration detection module 3 during the daily collection process around the tunnel. The accuracy of the real-time monitoring process data is guaranteed through the daily collection and processing of the optical fiber detection module 4.

[0033] During the movement of hydraulic rod 5, protective block 51 drives connecting rod 6 to move. The shielding layer on connecting rod 6 forms an electromagnetic shield, blocking external electromagnetic fields. This reduces interference from surrounding tunnel cables or wires with the data transmitted by vibration detection module 3, reduces data distortion, and improves data accuracy. The support and protection provided by connecting rod 6 also prevents large rocks from the surrounding rock from entering the interface between hydraulic rod 5 and protective block 51, reducing the risk of blockage.

[0034] By using different optical fiber detection modules 4 and vibration detection modules 3 in conjunction with each other, the possible deformation in the local orientation can be re-determined. In the process of collecting data, vibration detection modules 3 in different orientations are used to perform consistency comparison between suspected deformation areas and comparison deformation areas, thereby reducing the exclusion of abnormal responses of vibration data at the current time due to construction or other factors, thereby ensuring the accuracy of geotechnical stability assessment and reducing the interference effects on sensors arranged around the tunnel.

[0035] Example 2:

[0036] The difference from Example 1 is that the processing terminal is also used to compare the real-time flow rate corresponding to the current time minimum value with the set blockage threshold. If the real-time flow rate is less than the blockage threshold, the comparison deformation area corresponding to the annular detection module and the linear detection module is obtained, and the comparison deformation area is compared with the position data corresponding to the current hydraulic rod 5 for consistency. If they are consistent, the corresponding early warning reminder is displayed based on the vibration data; if they are inconsistent, a cleaning mark is added to the hydraulic rod 5; if the real-time flow rate is greater than the blockage threshold, a normal mark is added to the hydraulic rod 5.

[0037] For example, during the extension of the hydraulic rod 5, the surrounding rock may completely block the output end of the hydraulic rod 5, so that the hydraulic rod 5 cannot be fully extended and maintains squeezing the hose 61; the real-time flow rate corresponding to the minimum value is compared and processed to determine whether the position corresponding to the current hydraulic rod 5 is blocked, and the comparison deformation area detected by the optical fiber detection module 4 is compared with the position data for consistency to distinguish between the surrounding rock deformation blockage and the complete blockage of the hydraulic rod 5 caused by the discharge of mud and sand from the surrounding rock, so as to issue corresponding reminders to facilitate the staff to make accurate judgments on the stability of the rock and soil.

[0038] The processing terminal is also used to send a start instruction to the adjacent hydraulic rod 5 based on the position data when the compared deformation area is consistent with the position data corresponding to the current hydraulic rod 5, and compare the real-time flow rate corresponding to the minimum value obtained based on the adjacent hydraulic rod 5 with the set blockage threshold. When the real-time flow rate is less than the blockage threshold, a verification confirmation instruction is added based on the corresponding early warning reminder displayed by the vibration data. When the real-time flow rate is greater than the blockage threshold, a fluctuation graph corresponding to the vibration data is drawn and displayed based on the position data.

[0039] For example, by comparing the blockage conditions of adjacent hydraulic rods 5 when they are extended, it is possible to verify whether the blockage is caused by the deformation of the surrounding rock around the tunnel on the surrounding hydraulic rods 5. By comparing the real-time flow rate and the blockage threshold, verification confirmation instructions are added to ensure the accuracy of the output results. The fluctuation diagram of the adjacent hydraulic rods 5 is then displayed to understand the changes in the vibration data of the deformation zone detected by the optical fiber detection module 4, providing reference data for the subsequent changing trends of geotechnical stability.

[0040] Example 3:

[0041] The difference from Example 2 is that the processing terminal is also used to obtain the position data of the center of the suspected deformation area, and send a start instruction to the adjacent hydraulic rod 5 based on the position data at the same time, record the time when the first detection module generates stable vibration data corresponding to each position data, add a recessed position mark to each position data based on the time, and compare the recessed position mark with the deformation condition of the suspected deformation area for consistency. If they are consistent, a corresponding early warning reminder is displayed based on the vibration data; if they are inconsistent, a maintenance instruction is sent to the hydraulic rod 5.

[0042] For example, after the suspected deformation area is obtained through the optical fiber detection module 4, if corresponding rock and soil deformation occurs around the tunnel, the deformed rock and soil will produce corresponding squeezing and pushing on the hydraulic rods 5 at different positions, thereby forming different depressions. The extension changes of the hydraulic rods 5 are used to confirm whether the geological deformation conditions around the tunnel are consistent, and corresponding reminders are given to facilitate the staff to make accurate judgments on the stability of the rock and soil.

[0043] Embodiment 4:

[0044] The difference from Example 3 is that a closing plate 22 that slides with the support 1 is further provided around the second detection module, the side of the closing plate 22 away from the second detection module is connected to the drainage network 2, and a slide plate 21 that slides with the support 1 is provided between adjacent closing plates 22; the second detection module is fixedly connected to the slide plate 21, and a first spring is fixedly connected between the slide plate 21 and the support 1, and a second spring is fixedly connected between the closing plate 22 and the slide plate 21.

[0045] When the closing plate 22 is located on both sides of the second detection module, the second detection module is against the surrounding rock, and the first spring and the second spring are in normal state; when adjacent closing plates 22 overlap, the closing plate 22 is against the second detection module, and the first spring and the second spring are in a compressed state.

[0046] The specific implementation process is as follows: in the process of the drainage network 2 collecting the water flow around the tunnel, the water flow collected in the drainage network 2 will push the closing plate 22, so that the closing plate 22 is closed toward the center, and the closing plate 22 closes the second detection module to reduce the work in rainy weather or geological wet conditions caused by water seepage at the current time, reduce the corrosion of the vibration detection module 3 in a high humidity working environment, and thereby extend the service life of the vibration detection module 3.

[0047] Example 5:

[0048] The difference from Example 4 is that a sponge layer is fixedly connected to the side of the closing plate 22 close to the second detection module; the processing terminal is also used to compare the vibration data of the second detection module before and after the current time. If the vibration data at the current time is less than the vibration data before the current time, the vibration data at the current time is compared with the silent value. If the vibration data is greater than the silent value, a default instruction is sent to the groundwater level detection module; if the vibration data is less than the silent value, a start instruction is sent to the groundwater level detection module, and a recovery instruction is sent to the hydraulic rod 5 at the same time, and a wet mark is added based on the current time; if the vibration data at the current time is greater than or equal to the vibration data before the current time, a default instruction is sent to the groundwater level detection module.

[0049] For example, a sponge layer is configured to absorb vibration transmission through its porous structure, thereby reducing the vibration data detected by the second detection module isolated by the closing plate 22. Vibration data is compared with a static value to determine whether the closing plate 22 has been closed by the erosion of seepage water or rainwater collected in the drainage network 2. The activation of the groundwater level detection module is controlled to reduce its continuous operation and extend its service life. During the rainwater or seepage water collection process, the groundwater level detection module is used to monitor the water level in real time to determine its impact, thereby providing reference data for geotechnical stability prediction. Furthermore, the operation of the hydraulic rod 5 is controlled to reduce the operation of the vibration detection module 3 in high-humidity environments, thereby verifying the service life of the sensor.

[0050] Example 6:

[0051] The difference from Example 5 is that a pressure sensor is fixedly connected to one side of the closing plate 22 close to the second detection module, and the pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure data of the second spring on the closing plate 22 in real time; the processing terminal is also used to calculate the difference between adjacent pressure data when the vibration data is greater than the silent value, and if the difference is greater than the working value, obtain the position data corresponding to the pressure data on one side being greater than the pressure data on the other side, and send a maintenance instruction to the corresponding hydraulic rod 5 based on the position data, and send a recovery instruction to the hydraulic rod 5 corresponding in the opposite direction based on the position data; if the difference is less than the working value, send a recovery instruction to the hydraulic rod 5.

[0052] For example, when the drainage network 2 collects seepage water, the difference is compared with the working value to determine whether there is unilateral seepage around the tunnel. By controlling the activation of the hydraulic rod 5, the vibration detection module 3 can collect and process data on the side with less seepage, providing a reference basis for geotechnical stability judgment.

[0053] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above descriptions are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent real-time prediction device for tunnel geotechnical stability, comprising a support (1) arranged around the tunnel, a drainage network (2) arranged around the tunnel, and a processing terminal for recording and storing geological information around the tunnel, wherein the processing terminal is electrically connected to a plurality of optical fiber detection modules (4), a vibration detection module (3), and a groundwater level detection module; characterized in that: A plurality of hydraulic rods (5) are fixedly connected to the support (1), and the vibration detection module (3) is located at one end of the hydraulic rod (5) away from the support (1); The optical fiber detection module (4) includes an annular detection module and a linear detection module, the annular detection module is arranged in an annular shape with the tunnel as the center, and the linear detection module is arranged in the direction of the tunnel; the vibration detection module (3) includes a first detection module and a second detection module, the first detection module is arranged in an annular shape with the tunnel as the center, the second detection module is located below the support (1), and the second detection module is located at the junction of the drainage network (2) and the groundwater level detection module; The processing terminal is also used to input and store the position data of each hydraulic rod (5), compare the vibration data corresponding to the first detection module at the current time with the set standard value, and when the vibration data is greater than the standard value, mark the current position data as a suspected deformation area, and then compare the suspected deformation area with the comparison deformation area for consistency, and perform early warning and optical fiber adjustment processing.

2. The intelligent real-time prediction device for tunnel geotechnical stability according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vibration detection module (3) is arranged around the soft surrounding rock, and the optical fiber detection module (4) is located at the cracks around the hard geological surrounding rock, and at the junction of the hard geological surrounding rock and the soft surrounding rock.

3. The intelligent real-time prediction device for tunnel geotechnical stability according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The output end of the hydraulic rod (5) is hingedly connected to a protection block (51), the vibration detection module (3) is located in the protection block (51), a plurality of connecting rods (6) are arranged in an annular shape outside the hydraulic rod (5), a shielding layer is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (6), one end of the connecting rod (6) is slidably engaged with the support (1), and the other end of the connecting rod (6) is hingedly connected to the protection block (51).

4. The intelligent real-time prediction device for tunnel geotechnical stability according to claim 3 is characterized in that: One end of the connecting rod (6) away from the protection block (51) is fixedly connected to a pad, and a hose (61) corresponding to the connecting rod (6) is fixedly connected to the pad. The hose (61) is arranged in a ring shape with the hydraulic rod (5) as the center. A flow rate sensor for measuring real-time flow rate is connected in the hose (61), and the flow rate sensor is electrically connected to the processing terminal. The processing terminal is also used to input and store the corresponding position data of each hose (61), mark the real-time flow rate with the position data, calculate the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the real-time flow rate, compare the difference with the set limit value, and if the difference is greater than the limit value, obtain the contrast deformation area corresponding to the annular detection module and the linear detection module, compare the contrast deformation area with the position data corresponding to the maximum value of the real-time flow rate for consistency, and if the contrast deformation area is consistent with the position data, display the corresponding early warning reminder based on the vibration data; If the compared deformation area is inconsistent with the orientation data, a cleaning mark is added to the hydraulic rod (5); if the difference is less than the limit value, a normal mark is added to the hydraulic rod (5).

5. The intelligent real-time prediction device for tunnel geotechnical stability according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The processing terminal is also used to compare the real-time flow velocity corresponding to the current time minimum value with the set blockage threshold. If the real-time flow velocity is less than the blockage threshold, the comparison deformation area corresponding to the annular detection module and the linear detection module is obtained, and the comparison deformation area is compared with the position data corresponding to the current hydraulic rod (5) for consistency. If they are consistent, the corresponding early warning reminder is displayed based on the vibration data; If not, a cleaning mark is added to the hydraulic rod (5); if the real-time flow rate is greater than the blocking threshold, a normal mark is added to the hydraulic rod (5).

6. The intelligent real-time prediction device for tunnel geotechnical stability according to claim 5, characterized in that: The processing terminal is also used for sending a start instruction to the adjacent hydraulic rod (5) based on the position data when the position data corresponding to the comparison deformation area is consistent with the position data corresponding to the current hydraulic rod (5), and comparing the real-time flow rate corresponding to the minimum value obtained by the adjacent hydraulic rod (5) with the set blockage threshold value. When the real-time flow rate is less than the blockage threshold value, a verification confirmation instruction is added based on the corresponding early warning reminder displayed by the vibration data. When the real-time flow rate is greater than the blockage threshold value, a fluctuation diagram corresponding to the vibration data is drawn and displayed based on the position data.

7. The intelligent real-time prediction device for tunnel geotechnical stability according to claim 6, characterized in that: The processing terminal is also used to obtain the position data of the center of the suspected deformation zone, and send a start instruction to the adjacent hydraulic rod (5) based on the position data, record the time when each position data corresponds to the first detection module generating stable vibration data, add a concave position mark to each position data based on the time, compare the concave position mark with the deformation of the suspected deformation zone for consistency, and if they are consistent, display a corresponding early warning reminder based on the vibration data; If they are inconsistent, a maintenance instruction is sent to the hydraulic rod (5).

8. The intelligent real-time prediction device for tunnel geotechnical stability according to claim 7, characterized in that: A closing plate (22) that is in sliding engagement with the support (1) is further provided around the second detection module. The side of the closing plate (22) that is away from the second detection module is in communication with the drainage network (2). A sliding plate (21) that is in sliding engagement with the support (1) is provided between adjacent closing plates (22). The second detection module is fixedly connected to the slide plate (21), a first spring is fixedly connected between the slide plate (21) and the support (1), and a second spring is fixedly connected between the closing plate (22) and the slide plate (21); When the closing plates (22) are located on both sides of the second detection module, the second detection module abuts against the surrounding rock, and the first spring and the second spring are in a normal state; when adjacent closing plates (22) overlap, the closing plates (22) abut against the second detection module, and the first spring and the second spring are in a compressed state.

9. The intelligent real-time prediction device for tunnel geotechnical stability according to claim 8, characterized in that: A sponge layer is fixedly connected to one side of the closing plate (22) close to the second detection module; The processing terminal is used to compare the vibration data of the second detection module before and after the current time. If the vibration data at the current time is less than the vibration data before the current time, the vibration data at the current time is compared with the silence value. If the vibration data is greater than the silence value, a default instruction is sent to the groundwater level detection module; if the vibration data is less than the silence value, a start instruction is sent to the groundwater level detection module, and a recovery instruction is sent to the hydraulic rod (5) at the same time, and a wet mark is added based on the current time; if the vibration data at the current time is greater than or equal to the vibration data before the current time, a default instruction is sent to the groundwater level detection module.

10. The intelligent real-time prediction device for tunnel geotechnical stability according to claim 9, characterized in that: A pressure sensor is fixedly connected to one side of the closing plate (22) close to the second detection module, and the pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure data of the second spring on the closing plate (22) in real time; The processing terminal is also used to calculate the difference between adjacent pressure data when the vibration data is greater than the silent value. If the difference is greater than the working value, the position data corresponding to the pressure data on one side being greater than the pressure data on the other side is obtained, and a maintenance instruction is sent to the corresponding hydraulic rod (5) based on the position data, and a recovery instruction is sent to the hydraulic rod (5) corresponding to the opposite direction based on the position data; if the difference is less than the working value, a recovery instruction is sent to the hydraulic rod (5).

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