Labyrinth type optical detector

Abstract

The invention discloses a labyrinth type optical detector which comprises an upper cover and a lower cover. The upper cover comprises an upper cover plate, a plurality of grids are integrally formed on the bottom face of the upper cover plate in an annular array mode, and a transmitting tube groove and a receiving tube groove are integrally formed in the bottom face of the upper cover plate. The lower cover comprises a lower cover assembly, the lower cover assembly comprises a lower cover plate, and a transmitting tube assembly and a receiving tube assembly are integrally formed on the top surface of the lower cover plate; the transmitting tube grooves and the receiving tube grooves are directly integrated among the grids, the integrated structure not only simplifies the number of parts, but also is provided with the chutes in the transmitting tube grooves and mounting pins in the transmitting tube assemblies and the receiving tube assemblies, so that the mounting efficiency is improved, and the mounting cost is reduced. And moreover, by utilizing the mounting notches formed by the transmitting tube assembly, the receiving tube assembly and the lower cover plate, more guide space is realized, and the resistance in the inserting process is reduced, so that the transmitting tube and the receiving tube can be smoothly inserted and can be subjected to corner folding treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of smoke fire detection, and particularly relates to a labyrinth optical detector. Background Art

[0002] The current optoelectronic smoke detector consists of a top plate, a bottom plate, an optoelectronic detection device, and a grille located between the bottom plate and the top plate. An air flow channel is formed by the grille. However, the air flow channel is generally a straight channel or a V-shaped channel, and external light directly enters or enters the detection cavity after only two reflections. Therefore, less external light is consumed in the air flow channel, and light with a higher intensity entering the detection cavity will cause greater interference to the light detection of the optoelectronic detection device, resulting in lower detection accuracy and inability to quickly detect and respond to smoldering fires.

[0003] To address this problem, improved designs have been made in the prior art, and a labyrinth optical detector has been developed. The optical labyrinth in the smoke fire detector plays a crucial role. By reducing stray light interference, improving sensitivity, optimizing the optical path, preventing false alarms, enhancing anti-pollution ability, and adapting to different types of smoke, the efficiency, reliability, and accuracy of the detector are ensured.

[0004] For example, Chinese Patent CN209248721U discloses a labyrinth optical detector, which includes a top plate and a bottom plate. A plurality of grille-shaped structures in the shape of the Chinese character 'jiu' are annularly arranged on the bottom surface of the top plate, and the right arc plate of each grille is inserted into the left concave portion of the adjacent grille on its right; irregularly bent air flow channels are formed on the left and right sides of each grille for introducing external air; the bottom of the grille is fixed to the bottom plate; an optoelectronic detection device is installed on the bottom plate to detect the air in the detection cavity formed by enclosing multiple grilles. The air flow channel is connected to the detection cavity, and external light enters the detection cavity after at least four reflections in the air flow channel. The width of the air flow channel is greater than or equal to 1.5 mm. The above structure reduces the interference of external light on the light detection of the optoelectronic detection device, improves the detection accuracy, and enables quick detection and response in smoldering fires; Specifically, the above-mentioned photoelectric detection device includes two emitters, a receiver and an oblique baffle. The two emitters, the receiver and the oblique baffle are installed obliquely on the base plate. The head height of emitter 2 is lower than the head height of emitter 1 and the head height of the receiver. The two emitters and the receiver are distributed in a triangular shape on the base plate. The angle between the receiver and emitter 2 is an obtuse angle, and the angle between emitter 2 and emitter 1 is an acute angle. The receiver monitors the light emitted by the two emitters; the top of the oblique baffle is located between the receiver and emitter 2, and its bottom end is located at the lower left of the transmitting head of emitter 1; the side of the detection cavity has three mounting grooves 1 corresponding to the positions of the two emitters and one receiver, and the side opening of the mounting groove 1 is connected to the detection cavity; the two emitters and one receiver are respectively installed in the three mounting grooves 1, and the heads of the emitters and the receiver are arranged at the side opening position of the mounting groove 1; the height of the oblique baffle is higher than the transmitting holes of the two emitters and the receiver, and is used to directly block the direct optical path of the detection light of the two emitters to the receiver. This solves the problem of existing photoelectric smoke detectors, which rely on the Lambert-Beer law. When a beam of detection light passes through smoke, it is reflected or scattered by smoke particles at a specific scattering angle. The photoelectric sensor measures the light intensity, thereby determining the relative smoke concentration. As the smoke concentration increases, more light is reflected or scattered onto the photoelectric sensor, causing its output electrical signal to reach the set alarm threshold, triggering the detector to issue a fire alarm. However, many substances can cause reflection or scattering, causing the photoelectric sensor's output electrical signal to reach the set alarm threshold. These interference sources, such as insects, hair, spider silk, dust, soot, water vapor (salt spray), and dust (suspended particles), can cause numerous false alarms and result in extremely low detector accuracy. Moreover, two scattering angles (the plane scattering angle formed by the central optical axis of the emitting tube and the central optical axis of the receiving tube) are formed through two emitting devices and one receiving device, one 30 degrees and the other 90 degrees, to identify the particle size, shape and refractive index of particles, such as dust, dirt, oil smoke, water vapor (salt spray), dust (suspended particles), smoke, etc. At the same time, a baffle is used in the middle, with a height slightly higher than the three light-transmitting holes, to directly block the direct optical path of the detection light from the two emitting devices to the photoelectric sensor. Secondly, the internal detection light is directionally reflected to consume it and reduce interference with the photoelectric sensor.

[0005] Although the above-mentioned labyrinth optical detector solves the problems of low detection accuracy and slow detection response speed of existing detectors in smoldering fires, the above-mentioned labyrinth optical detector also has some design problems. The structural design of the above-mentioned optical maze relies on jack positioning for assembly. The transmitting tube and the receiving tube cannot be folded at an angle and are easily inserted off-center and stuck. The accuracy requirements for jack positioning are high. It is difficult for operators to accurately align the jacks every time during manual assembly. Even with automated assembly equipment, it is difficult to completely avoid misalignment. The automated assembly accuracy cannot meet the design requirements, which not only increases assembly time and cost, but may also cause component damage, resulting in a high defect rate and low production efficiency. Therefore, in the process of automated assembly of the existing optical maze structure, the transmitting tube cannot be folded during the insertion process, and is easily inserted off-center and stuck; the socket insertion method makes the automated assembly process difficult, resulting in a complex and time-consuming assembly process, which reduces assembly efficiency and product quality, increases production costs and affects production efficiency.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes an improved maze-type optical detector. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In response to the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a maze-type optical detector that can improve the efficiency and accuracy of the detector's automated assembly, while reducing production costs and improving product quality. Through the design of a specific upper and lower plug-in structure and a large notch structure, the problem of jack insertion in the existing optical maze, as well as the problem of the folding angle of the transmitting tube and the receiving tube are solved, making the automated assembly accurate and efficient.

[0008] Specifically, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art. The present invention provides a maze-type optical detector, comprising an upper cover and a lower cover; The upper cover includes an upper cover plate, the bottom surface of which is annularly arrayed and integrally formed with a plurality of grilles; the bottom surface of the upper cover plate is also integrally formed with a transmitting tube groove 1, a transmitting tube groove 2, and a receiving tube groove; The lower cover includes a lower cover assembly, and the lower cover assembly includes a lower cover plate, and the top surface of the lower cover plate is integrally formed with a launch tube assembly 1, a launch tube assembly 2 and a receiving tube assembly; The transmitting tube groove 1, the transmitting tube groove 2 and the receiving tube groove are directly integrated between the grids; The launch tube assembly 1 is composed of a launch tube 1, a launch tube mounting pin 1, and a launch tube mounting groove 1. The launch tube 1 is disposed in the launch tube mounting groove 1. The launch tube mounting pin 1 extends downward from a top end of a side surface of the launch tube mounting groove 1 near a circumferential edge of the lower cover plate and extends beyond the bottom surface of the lower cover plate. A side of the launch tube mounting groove 1 close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate is spaced apart from the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate, and this distance is a hollow structure to form a mounting notch 1; The length of the contact portion between the top of the launch tube installation groove and the launch tube installation pin is L1, and the value of L1 is 0.5-5.5mm.

[0009] The present invention utilizes a top-to-bottom plug-in structure, with corresponding grooves and mounting slots designed into the upper and lower covers of the labyrinth optical detector. This design enables quick and accurate alignment and insertion during automated assembly, significantly improving assembly efficiency and resolving automated assembly issues. Furthermore, by integrating the transmitting and receiving tube grooves directly into the upper cover's grille and providing the transmitting and receiving tube mounting slots on the lower cover, this integrated structure not only reduces the number of components but also simplifies the assembly process. Moreover, the hole-free design of the mounting notch in the present invention can solve the problem of automated assembly of the upper and lower covers of the maze-type optical detector. At the same time, since the mounting pins need to be bent, the length of the contact part between the top of the transmitting tube mounting groove and the transmitting tube mounting pins is limited in the present invention, which ensures that the mounting pins can be prepared with corresponding sizes in automated equipment, further improving the overall automation rate of the device.

[0010] Preferably, the launch tube groove 1 is integrated between the right arc plate and the left arc plate of the first grid, extending along the radial direction of the bottom surface of the upper cover plate to form a long side, and extending along the circumferential direction to form a short side; The second launch tube groove is integrated between the right arc plate and the left arc plate of the second grid, extending along the radial direction of the bottom surface of the upper cover plate to form a long side, and extending along the circumferential direction to form a short side; The receiving tube groove is integrated between the right arc plate and the left arc plate of the third grid, extends along the radial direction of the bottom surface of the upper cover plate to form a long side, and extends along the circumferential direction to form a short side.

[0011] Preferably, the transmitting tube groove 1 is adjacent to the transmitting tube groove 2, and the transmitting tube groove 1 is separated from the receiving tube groove by a grid.

[0012] Preferably, the second launch tube assembly consists of a second launch tube, a second launch tube mounting pin and a second launch tube mounting groove. The second launch tube is arranged in the second launch tube mounting groove. The second launch tube mounting pin extends downward from the top of a side surface of the second launch tube mounting groove close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate and exceeds the bottom surface of the lower cover plate.

[0013] Preferably, a side surface of the second launch tube mounting groove close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate is at a distance from the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate, and this distance is a hollow structure to form a second mounting notch; The length of the contact portion between the top of the second transmitting tube installation groove and the second transmitting tube installation pin is L2, and the value of L2 is 0.5-5.5mm.

[0014] Preferably, the receiving tube assembly consists of a receiving tube, a receiving tube mounting pin and a receiving tube mounting groove, the receiving tube is arranged in the receiving tube mounting groove, and the receiving tube mounting pin extends downward from the top of a side surface of the receiving tube mounting groove close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate and exceeds the bottom surface of the lower cover plate.

[0015] Preferably, a groove structure is provided between a side surface of the receiving tube installation groove close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate and the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate to form a third installation gap; The length of the contact portion between the top of the receiving tube installation groove and the receiving tube installation pin is L3, and the value of L3 is 0.5-5.5 mm.

[0016] The present invention provides mounting notches on the outer sides of the transmitting tube mounting groove and the receiving tube mounting groove on the lower cover. The large notch design of the mounting notch does not have the small holes of the old optical maze. The large notch design not only provides more guiding space, but also reduces the resistance during the insertion process, so that the transmitting tube and the receiving tube can be inserted smoothly, making the transmitting tube and the receiving tube easy to insert and capable of folding.

[0017] Preferably, the launch tube groove 1 corresponds to the launch tube mounting groove 1 in position; a slide groove 1 for accommodating the launch tube mounting pin 1 is provided on the inner wall of the launch tube groove 1; The second launch tube groove corresponds to the second launch tube installation groove; the inner wall of the second launch tube groove is provided with a second slide groove for accommodating the second launch tube installation pin.

[0018] Preferably, a card slot is integrally formed on the upper cover plate, and a first card buckle is integrally formed at a corresponding position on the lower cover plate.

[0019] Preferably, L1 is 2.0 mm; L2 is 2.0 mm; and L3 is 2.0 mm.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects: (1) The present invention adopts an upper and lower plug-in structure, that is, corresponding grooves and mounting slots are designed on the upper cover and lower cover of the optical maze respectively. This design enables the automated assembly to quickly and accurately align and insert during the assembly process, greatly improving the assembly efficiency and solving the automated assembly problem; (2) The optical maze structure is designed with a large notch-shaped mounting notch, and there is no small hole-shaped mounting hole, which solves the problem of inserting the transmitting tube and the receiving tube. The large notch design not only provides more guiding space, but also reduces the resistance during the insertion process, so that the transmitting tube can be inserted smoothly; (3) The structural design of the optical maze solves the problem that the old transmitting tube cannot be folded, is easily inserted sideways, and is stuck; (4) The bracket design at the receiving tube prevents the problem of short circuit of the shielding cover; (5) The efficiency and accuracy of automated assembly are improved, thereby reducing the product defect rate caused by assembly errors; (6) By improving the efficiency and accuracy of automated assembly, the scrap rate and rework rate in the production process are reduced, thereby reducing production costs; (7) The reliability of the final product is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the upper cover in the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the upper cover in the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lower cover assembly in the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the bracket assembly in the present invention; Figure 5 The structure diagram of the bracket assembly in the present invention is installed on the lower cover assembly Figure 1 ; Figure 6 The structure diagram of the bracket assembly in the present invention is installed on the lower cover assembly Figure 2 ; Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the assembly of the maze-type optical detector of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the maze-type optical detector of the present invention after it is completed; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the launch tube assembly 1 in the present invention; The marks in the accompanying drawings are: 1-upper cover, 11-upper cover plate, 12-receiving tube groove, 13-card slot, 14-grid, 15-launching tube groove 1, 16-launching tube groove 2, 151-chute 1, 161-chute 2, 21-lower cover assembly, 211-lower cover plate, 212-launching tube assembly 2, 213-second buckle, 214-launching tube assembly 1, 215-first buckle, 216-receiving tube assembly, 217-narrow oblique baffle, 218-wide oblique baffle, 219-Installation notch 2, 220-Installation notch 1, 221-Installation notch 3, 2121-Transmitting tube 2, 2122-Transmitting tube mounting pin 2, 2123-Transmitting tube mounting slot 2, 2141-Transmitting tube 1, 2142-Transmitting tube mounting pin 1, 2143-Transmitting tube mounting slot 1, 2161-Receiver tube, 2162-Receiver tube mounting pin, 2163-Receiver tube mounting slot, 23-Bracket assembly, 231-Shielding cover, 232-Bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following combination Figure 1-9 The present invention is further described with specific embodiments.

[0023] See also Figure 1-9 , the present invention provides a maze-type optical detector, comprising an upper cover 1 and a lower cover; The upper cover 1 includes an upper cover plate 11, and a plurality of grids 14 are integrally formed on the bottom surface of the upper cover plate 11 in an annular array; the bottom surface of the upper cover plate 11 is also integrally formed with a launch tube groove 15, a launch tube groove 2 16, and a receiving tube groove 12; The lower cover includes a lower cover assembly 21, and the lower cover assembly 21 includes a lower cover plate 211. The top surface of the lower cover plate 211 is integrally formed with a launch tube assembly 1 214, a launch tube assembly 212, and a receiving tube assembly 216; It is characterized in that the transmitting tube groove 15, the transmitting tube groove 2 16 and the receiving tube groove 12 are directly integrated between the grids 14; The launch tube assembly 1 214 is composed of a launch tube 1 2141, a launch tube mounting pin 1 2142, and a launch tube mounting groove 1 2143. The launch tube 1 2141 is disposed in the launch tube mounting groove 1 2143. The launch tube mounting pin 1 2142 extends downward from the top of a side surface of the launch tube mounting groove 1 2143 near the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate 211 and extends beyond the bottom surface of the lower cover plate 211. The side of the launch tube mounting groove 1 2143 close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate 211 is a distance away from the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate 211. This distance is a hollow structure to form a mounting notch 1 220. The length of the contact portion between the top of the launch tube mounting groove 2143 and the launch tube mounting pin 2142 is L1, and the value of L1 is 0.5-5.5mm; The present invention utilizes a top-to-bottom plug-in structure, with corresponding grooves and mounting slots designed into the upper and lower covers of the labyrinth optical detector. This design enables quick and accurate alignment and insertion during automated assembly, significantly improving assembly efficiency and resolving automated assembly issues. Furthermore, by integrating the transmitting and receiving tube grooves directly into the upper cover's grille and providing the transmitting and receiving tube mounting slots on the lower cover, this integrated structure not only reduces the number of components but also simplifies the assembly process. Moreover, the hole-free design of the mounting notch in the present invention can solve the problem of automated assembly of the upper and lower covers of the maze-type optical detector. At the same time, since the mounting pins need to be bent, the length of the contact part between the top of the transmitting tube mounting groove and the transmitting tube mounting pins is limited in the present invention, which ensures that the mounting pins can be prepared with corresponding sizes in automated equipment, further improving the overall automation rate of the device.

[0024] The launch tube groove 15 is integrated between the right and left arc plates of the first grid 14, extending along the radial direction of the bottom surface of the upper cover plate 11 to form a long side, and extending along the circumferential direction to form a short side; The second launch tube groove 16 is integrated between the right and left arc plates of the second grid 14, extending along the radial direction of the bottom surface of the upper cover plate 11 to form a long side, and extending along the circumferential direction to form a short side; The receiving tube groove 12 is integrated between the right and left arc plates of the third grid 14, extending along the radial direction of the bottom surface of the upper cover plate 11 to form a long side, and extending along the circumferential direction to form a short side; The transmitting tube groove 15 is adjacent to the transmitting tube groove 2 16 , and a grid 14 is separated between the transmitting tube groove 15 and the receiving tube groove 12 ; The second launch tube assembly 212 is composed of a second launch tube 2121, a second launch tube mounting pin 2122, and a second launch tube mounting groove 2123. The second launch tube 2121 is disposed within the second launch tube mounting groove 2123. The second launch tube mounting pin 2122 extends downward from the top of a side surface of the second launch tube mounting groove 2123 close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate 211 and extends beyond the bottom surface of the lower cover plate 211. The side of the second launch tube mounting groove 2123 close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate 211 is a distance away from the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate 211. This distance is a hollow structure to form a second mounting notch 219. The length of the contact part between the top of the second transmitting tube mounting groove 2123 and the second transmitting tube mounting pin 2122 is L2, and the value of L2 is 0.5 - 5.5 mm; The receiving tube assembly 216 is composed of a receiving tube 2161, a receiving tube mounting pin 2162 and a receiving tube mounting groove 2163. The receiving tube 2161 is arranged in the receiving tube mounting groove 2163. The receiving tube mounting pin 2162 extends downward from the top of one side of the circumferential edge of the receiving tube mounting groove 2163 close to the lower cover plate 211 and extends beyond the bottom surface of the lower cover plate 211; There is a groove structure between one side of the receiving tube mounting groove 2163 close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate 211 and the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate 211, forming a third mounting notch 221; The length of the contact part between the top of the receiving tube mounting groove 2163 and the receiving tube mounting pin 2162 is L3, and the value of L3 is 0.5 - 5.5 mm; In the present invention, mounting notches are provided on the outer sides of the transmitting tube mounting grooves and the receiving tube mounting grooves at the lower cover. The large-notch design of the mounting notches does not have the small holes of the old optical maze; the large-notch design not only provides more guiding space, but also reduces the resistance during the insertion process, enabling the transmitting tube and the receiving tube to be inserted smoothly, making it easy to insert the transmitting tube and the receiving tube and enabling folding at an angle.

[0025] The first transmitting tube groove 15 corresponds to the position of the first transmitting tube mounting groove 2143; a sliding groove 151 for accommodating the first transmitting tube mounting pin 2142 is provided on the inner wall of the first transmitting tube groove 15; The second transmitting tube groove 16 corresponds to the position of the second transmitting tube mounting groove 2123; a sliding groove 161 for accommodating the second transmitting tube mounting pin 2122 is provided on the inner wall of the second transmitting tube groove 16; A clamping groove 13 is integrally formed on the upper cover plate 11, and a first buckle 215 is integrally formed at the corresponding position on the lower cover plate 211; The value of L1 is 2.0 mm; the value of L2 is 2.0 mm; the value of L3 is 2.0 mm.

[0026] The grille 14 is in the shape of the Chinese character 'jiu'. Each grille 14 is composed of a right arc plate, a left arc plate and a left concave part, and the right arc plate of each grille 14 is inserted into the left concave part of the adjacent grille on its right; irregularly multi-folded air flow channels are formed on the left and right sides of each grille 14 respectively; The present invention detects air through a detection cavity formed by a plurality of grilles 14. The airflow channel is connected to the detection cavity. External light enters the detection cavity after being reflected at least four times by the airflow channel. The photoelectric detection device in the lower cover detects the air entering the detection cavity. The grilles 14 and the upper cover 1 are combined to form an integrated structure. This structure makes the assembly of the detector more convenient and the structure has high strength. The lower cover also includes a bracket assembly 23 consisting of a bracket 232 and a shielding cover 231. The bracket 232 is inserted into the third mounting notch 221 and forms a closed structure with the receiving tube mounting groove 2163, thereby enclosing the receiving tube 2161. The shielding cover 231 is inserted into the third mounting notch 221 and covers the outside of the bracket 232 and the receiving tube mounting groove 2163. By installing the bracket 232 in the third mounting notch 221 at the receiving tube mounting groove, the bracket 232 at the receiving tube can prevent the shielding cover 231 from short-circuiting. A narrow oblique baffle 217 and a wide oblique baffle 218 are fixedly provided on the top surface of the lower cover plate 211. The narrow oblique baffle 217 is located between the receiving tube mounting slot 2163 and the launch tube mounting slot 1 2143, and the wide oblique baffle 218 is located between the launch tube mounting slot 1 2143 and the launch tube mounting slot 2 2123. The heights of the narrow oblique baffle 217 and the wide oblique baffle 218 are both higher than the heights of the emission holes of the emitting tube 1 2141, the emitting tube 2 2121 and the receiving tube 2161. The present invention uses two oblique baffles, i.e., the narrow oblique baffle 217 and the wide oblique baffle 218, whose heights are higher than the emission holes of the two emitting tubes and the receiving tube, to directly block the direct optical path of the detection light from the two emitting tubes to the receiving tube.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects: (1) The present invention adopts an upper and lower plug-in structure, that is, corresponding grooves and mounting slots are designed on the upper cover and lower cover of the optical maze respectively. This design enables the automated assembly to quickly and accurately align and insert during the assembly process, greatly improving the assembly efficiency and solving the automated assembly problem; (2) The optical maze structure is designed with a large notch-shaped mounting notch, and there is no small hole-shaped mounting hole, which solves the problem of inserting the transmitting tube and the receiving tube. The large notch design not only provides more guiding space, but also reduces the resistance during the insertion process, so that the transmitting tube can be inserted smoothly; (3) The structural design of the optical maze solves the problem that the old transmitting tube cannot be folded, is easily inserted sideways, and is stuck; (4) The bracket design at the receiving tube prevents the problem of short circuit of the shielding cover; (5) The efficiency and accuracy of automated assembly are improved, thereby reducing the product defect rate caused by assembly errors; (6) By improving the efficiency and accuracy of automated assembly, the scrap rate and rework rate in the production process are reduced, thereby reducing production costs; (7) The reliability of the final product is improved.

[0028] In summary, the above only reflects the preferred technical solutions of the present invention. Any changes that may be made to certain parts thereof by those skilled in the art all reflect the principles of the present invention and should fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A maze-type optical detector comprising an upper cover (1) and a lower cover; The upper cover (1) includes an upper cover plate (11), and the bottom surface of the upper cover plate (11) is annularly arrayed and integrally formed with a plurality of grids (14); the bottom surface of the upper cover plate (11) is also integrally formed with a launch tube groove 1 (15), a launch tube groove 2 (16), and a receiving tube groove (12); The lower cover comprises a lower cover assembly (21), the lower cover assembly (21) comprising a lower cover plate (211), and the top surface of the lower cover plate (211) is integrally formed with a launch tube assembly 1 (214), a launch tube assembly 2 (212), and a receiving tube assembly (216); It is characterized by: The transmitting tube groove 1 (15), the transmitting tube groove 2 (16) and the receiving tube groove (12) are directly integrated between the grids (14); The launch tube assembly 1 (214) is composed of a launch tube 1 (2141), a launch tube mounting pin 1 (2142) and a launch tube mounting groove 1 (2143); the launch tube 1 (2141) is arranged in the launch tube mounting groove 1 (2143); the launch tube mounting pin 1 (2142) extends downward from the top of a side surface of the launch tube mounting groove 1 (2143) close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate (211) and exceeds the bottom surface of the lower cover plate (211); A side of the launch tube mounting groove 1 (2143) close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate (211) is a distance away from the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate (211), and this distance is a hollow structure to form a mounting notch 1 (220); The length of the contact portion between the top of the launch tube mounting groove 1 (2143) and the launch tube mounting pin 1 (2142) is L1, and the value of L1 is 0.5-5.5mm.

2. A labyrinth optical detector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The launch tube groove 1 (15) is integrated between the right side arc plate and the left side arc plate of the first grid (14), extending in the radial direction of the bottom surface of the upper cover plate (11) to form a long side, and extending in the circumferential direction to form a short side; The second launch tube groove (16) is integrated between the right side arc plate and the left side arc plate of the second grid (14), extending in the radial direction of the bottom surface of the upper cover plate (11) to form a long side, and extending in the circumferential direction to form a short side; The receiving tube groove (12) is integrated between the right side arc plate and the left side arc plate of the third grid (14), extending in the radial direction of the bottom surface of the upper cover plate (11) to form a long side, and extending in the circumferential direction to form a short side.

3. A labyrinth optical detector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmitting tube groove one (15) is adjacent to the transmitting tube groove two (16), and a grid (14) is separated between the transmitting tube groove one (15) and the receiving tube groove (12).

4. A labyrinth optical detector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The launch tube assembly 2 (212) is composed of a launch tube 2 (2121), a launch tube mounting pin 2 (2122) and a launch tube mounting groove 2 (2123). The launch tube 2 (2121) is arranged in the launch tube mounting groove 2 (2123). The launch tube mounting pin 2 (2122) extends downward from the top of a side surface of the launch tube mounting groove 2 (2123) close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate (211) and exceeds the bottom surface of the lower cover plate (211).

5. The labyrinth optical detector according to claim 4, characterized in that: A side of the second launch tube mounting groove (2123) close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate (211) is a distance away from the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate (211), and this distance is a hollow structure to form a second mounting notch (219); The length of the contact portion between the top of the second launch tube installation groove (2123) and the second launch tube installation pin (2122) is L2, and the value of L2 is 0.5-5.5mm.

6. The labyrinth optical detector according to claim 5, characterized in that: The receiving tube assembly (216) consists of a receiving tube (2161), a receiving tube mounting pin (2162), and a receiving tube mounting groove (2163); the receiving tube (2161) is arranged in the receiving tube mounting groove (2163); the receiving tube mounting pin (2162) extends downward from the top of a side surface of the receiving tube mounting groove (2163) close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate (211) and exceeds the bottom surface of the lower cover plate (211).

7. The labyrinth optical detector according to claim 6, characterized in that: A groove structure is formed between a side surface of the receiving tube mounting groove (2163) close to the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate (211) and the circumferential edge of the lower cover plate (211), thereby forming a mounting notch three (221); The length of the contact portion between the top of the receiving tube mounting groove (2163) and the receiving tube mounting pin (2162) is L3, and the value of L3 is 0.5-5.5 mm.

8. The labyrinth optical detector according to claim 7, characterized in that: The launch tube groove 1 (15) corresponds to the launch tube mounting groove 1 (2143) in position; a slide groove 1 (151) for accommodating a launch tube mounting pin 1 (2142) is provided on the inner wall of the launch tube groove 1 (15); The launch tube groove 2 (16) corresponds to the launch tube mounting groove 2 (2123) in position; a slide groove 2 (161) for accommodating the launch tube mounting pin 2 (2122) is provided on the inner wall of the launch tube groove 2 (16).

9. The labyrinth optical detector according to claim 8, characterized in that: A card slot (13) is integrally formed on the upper cover plate (11), and a first card buckle (215) is integrally formed at a corresponding position on the lower cover plate (211).

10. The labyrinth optical detector according to claim 9, characterized in that: The value of L1 is 2.0mm; the value of L2 is 2.0mm; the value of L3 is 2.0mm.

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