Short-process cascade separation method for sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore

Abstract

The invention relates to a short-process cascade separation method for sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore, and belongs to the technical field of mineral processing. The method comprises the following steps: grinding sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore, adding a multi-metal activator to perform targeted activation on zinc sulfide minerals in the ore, and then preferentially recovering the activated zinc sulfide minerals through a flotation machine to obtain zinc sulfide concentrate; a combined adjusting agent and a combined collecting agent are added into zinc sulfide flotation tailings for synergistic size mixing and bubble control, then a flotation column is adopted for rapidly and efficiently recycling zinc oxide minerals in the ores, and high-quality zinc oxide concentrates can be obtained only through one-time roughing. According to the method, a targeted reagent system is formulated based on the occurrence characteristics of the zinc minerals in the ores, short-process cascade recovery of zinc-containing sulfides and oxides in the sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ores is realized through combined use of the flotation machine and the flotation column, and the technical problem that the sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc minerals in the ores are difficult to efficiently recover when coexisting is solved; and the comprehensive utilization rate of complex and difficult-to-treat zinc ore resources is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a short-process cascade separation method for sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore, belonging to the technical field of mineral processing. Background Art

[0002] Flotation is the primary method for recycling zinc ore resources, where selective regulation of mineral interface wettability by flotation agents is a key factor in mineral flotation separation. Zinc sulfide ore is primarily pre-activated with copper sulfate, followed by the addition of a thiol collector for recovery. However, copper sulfate has poor selectivity as an activator, activating not only the zinc sulfide minerals in the ore but also gangue minerals such as pyrite, which seriously affects ore separation. Furthermore, the limited adsorption capacity of copper sulfate alone on the surface of zinc sulfide minerals prevents the zinc minerals in the ore from being fully activated, resulting in some zinc sulfide minerals being unable to be effectively hydrophobic by the collector and thus lost in the tailings.

[0003] Zinc oxide ore is primarily pre-concentrated using amine sulfide flotation, but this technology is highly susceptible to the inevitable presence of slime in the slurry, disrupting normal production. While pre-desliming can improve the flotation process, the zinc oxide minerals in the removed slime cannot be recovered, resulting in significant zinc metal losses. Furthermore, amine-laden slime adheres to the mineralized froth, "armoring" the flotation froth with a combination of slime and amine collectors. This results in a long flotation froth life and high stability. This not only increases the amount of middlings recycled, but also makes the froth extremely fluid and difficult to eliminate, resulting in severe "slotting" and ultimately making the flotation process difficult to control and production difficult to proceed with.

[0004] When the zinc minerals in the ore are not present as a single zinc sulfide mineral or zinc oxide mineral, the existing flotation technology for zinc sulfide or zinc oxide cannot simultaneously capture both types of zinc minerals due to the significant differences in their crystal structure and surface properties, resulting in severe zinc mineral losses during the beneficiation process. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new and efficient flotation reagents and separation processes to achieve efficient recovery of mixed sulfur and oxygen zinc ores in a short process flow, so as to promote technological progress in complex and difficult-to-separate zinc ore resources. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a short-process cascade separation method for sulfide-oxygen mixed zinc ore. Specifically, after the sulfide-oxygen mixed zinc ore is crushed and slurried, a multi-metal activator is added to perform targeted activation of zinc sulfide minerals in the ore. The activated zinc sulfide minerals are then preferentially recovered by a flotation machine to obtain zinc sulfide concentrate. A combined regulator and a combined collector are added to the zinc sulfide flotation tailings for coordinated slurry adjustment and bubble control. A flotation column is then used to quickly and efficiently recover the zinc oxide minerals in the ore. High-quality zinc oxide concentrate can be obtained by only one roughing operation.

[0006] A short-process cascade separation method for sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore, the specific steps are as follows: (1) Crushing and grinding the sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore until the zinc minerals are fully dissociated, and adding water to adjust the slurry to a mass percentage concentration of 26-38%; (2) adding a multi-metal activator, isoamyl xanthate and pine oil to the slurry obtained in step (1) in sequence, and performing a primary zinc sulfide roughing operation in a flotation machine to obtain a primary zinc sulfide roughing concentrate and a primary zinc sulfide roughing tailing; (3) adding a multi-metal activator, isoamyl xanthate and pine oil to the primary zinc sulfide roughing tailings obtained in step (2) in sequence, and performing a secondary zinc sulfide roughing operation in a flotation machine to obtain a secondary zinc sulfide roughing concentrate and a secondary zinc sulfide roughing tailings; (4) combining the primary zinc sulfide rougher concentrate obtained in step (2) and the secondary zinc sulfide rougher concentrate obtained in step (3), adding isoamyl xanthate and pine oil in sequence, and performing zinc sulfide concentration in a flotation machine to obtain zinc sulfide concentrate and flotation tailings I; (5) adding a combined adjusting agent and a combined collecting agent to the secondary zinc sulfide roughing tailings obtained in step (3) in sequence, and performing zinc oxide roughing operation in a flotation column to obtain zinc oxide concentrate and flotation tailings II; (6) the zinc sulfide concentrate obtained in step (4) and the zinc oxide concentrate obtained in step (5) are zinc concentrate products, and the flotation tailings I obtained in step (4) and the flotation tailings II obtained in step (5) are combined to obtain flotation tailings; The multi-metal activator is a mixture of copper nitrate, lead nitrate and silver nitrate, the combined adjuster is a mixture of sodium sulfide, acidified water glass and disodium malonate, and the combined collector is a mixture of laurylamine acetate, lauryl ammonium sulfate and peregal O-25.

[0007] Preferably, the mass percentage of zinc in the sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore in step (1) is 4.4-7.8%.

[0008] Preferably, per ton of mixed zinc sulfide ore, 140-280 g of multi-metal activator, 180-320 g of isopentyl xanthate and 20-40 g of pine oil are added to the slurry of the primary zinc sulfide roughing operation in step (2).

[0009] Preferably, per ton of mixed zinc sulfide ore, 40-80 g of multi-metal activator, 60-100 g of isopentyl xanthate and 10-20 g of pine oil are added to the slurry of the secondary zinc sulfide roughing operation in step (3).

[0010] Preferably, per ton of mixed zinc sulfide ore, 20-40 g of isopentyl xanthate and 5-10 g of pine oil are added to the slurry of the zinc sulfide concentration operation in step (4).

[0011] Preferably, per ton of sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore, 4000-6000 g of the combined adjusting agent and 220-340 g of the combined collecting agent are added to the ore pulp of the zinc oxide roughing operation in step (5).

[0012] Preferably, based on the mass fraction of the multi-metal activator being 100%, copper nitrate accounts for 50-60%, lead nitrate accounts for 39-48%, and silver nitrate accounts for 1-3% of the multi-metal activator.

[0013] Preferably, based on the mass fraction of the combined adjuster being 100%, sodium sulfide accounts for 80-90%, acidified water glass accounts for 5-10%, and disodium malonate accounts for 5-10%.

[0014] Preferably, based on the mass fraction of the combined collector being 100%, the combined collector comprises 45-55% laurylamine acetate, 30-40% ammonium lauryl sulfate, and 10-20% peregal O-25.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) Based on the occurrence characteristics of zinc minerals in ores, the present invention develops a new strategy of multi-metal ion targeted activation of zinc sulfide minerals and combined reagents to synergistically enhance the flotation of zinc oxide minerals. By combining the flotation machine and the flotation column, the high separation accuracy of the flotation column is fully utilized to achieve a short-process cascade recovery of zinc sulfides and oxides in sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ores, solving the technical problem of difficult efficient recovery when sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc minerals coexist in the ore, and improving the comprehensive utilization rate of complex and difficult-to-process zinc ore resources; (2) The present invention utilizes the fact that the reactivity of copper ions, lead ions and silver ions with mercapto-type collectors is stronger than that of zinc ions in zinc sulfide minerals. This not only enhances the reactivity of the surface of zinc sulfide minerals in the ore, but also the combined use of the three highly active metal ions can make up for the deficiency of insufficient active sites when a single metal ion is activated, thereby achieving full activation of the targeted minerals and enhancing hydrophobicity, thereby enabling the zinc sulfide minerals in the sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore to be preferentially recovered without interfering with the recovery process of the zinc oxide minerals. (3) The present invention adds a combined regulator to the zinc sulfide flotation tailings, and selectively covers the active sites on the surface of the gangue minerals through various means such as chemical reaction, hydrogen bond or electrostatic effect, thereby blocking the adsorption of the collector on the surface of the gangue minerals and preventing the gangue minerals from floating up by utilizing the steric hindrance effect; at the same time, the fine mineral particles in the ore are fully dispersed to prevent the ore mud from covering the surface of the zinc oxide minerals, and the flotation kinetic conditions are optimized by means of the dispersion effect, thereby creating conditions for the targeted adsorption of the collector; (4) The present invention develops a combined collector to precisely control the stability, fluidity and viscosity of the zinc oxide ore flotation foam layer, changes the thickness of the liquid film, makes the zinc oxide concentrate foam fragile and easy to dissipate, enhances the enrichment effect and separation efficiency of the zinc oxide mineral, and uses a flotation column to achieve rapid and efficient recovery of the zinc oxide mineral in the ore. High-quality zinc oxide concentrate can be obtained by only one roughing process, without involving the problem of middling ore return, avoiding the accumulation and circulation of ore mud in the flotation system, solving the problems of foam control and mud suppression in the flotation process, and opening up a new way for the efficient separation of sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ores. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents described above.

[0018] In the following examples of the present invention, the multi-metal activator is a mixture of copper nitrate, lead nitrate and silver nitrate, the combination adjuster is a mixture of sodium sulfide, acidified water glass and disodium malonate, and the combination collector is a mixture of laurylamine acetate, lauryl ammonium sulfate and peregal O-25.

[0019] Example 1: In this example, based on the mass fraction of the multi-metal activator being 100%, copper nitrate accounts for 50%, lead nitrate accounts for 48%, and silver nitrate accounts for 2%; based on the mass fraction of the combined adjuster being 100%, sodium sulfide accounts for 80%, acidified water glass accounts for 10%, and disodium malonate accounts for 10%; based on the mass fraction of the combined collector being 100%, laurylamine acetate accounts for 45%, ammonium lauryl sulfate accounts for 35%, and peregal O-25 accounts for 20%; like Figure 1 As shown, a short-process cascade separation method for sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore has the following specific steps: (1) Crushing and grinding the sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore until the zinc minerals are fully dissociated, and adding water to adjust the slurry to a mass percentage concentration of 26%; wherein the mass percentage content of zinc in the sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore is 4.4%; (2) A multi-metal activator, isoamyl xanthate and pine oil are sequentially added to the slurry obtained in step (1), and a zinc sulfide roughing operation is carried out in a flotation machine to obtain a primary zinc sulfide roughing concentrate and a primary zinc sulfide roughing tailings; per ton of sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore, 140 g of the multi-metal activator, 180 g of isoamyl xanthate and 20 g of pine oil are added to the slurry of the primary zinc sulfide roughing operation; (3) A multi-metal activator, isoamyl xanthate and pine oil are sequentially added to the primary zinc sulfide roughing tailings obtained in step (2), and a secondary zinc sulfide roughing operation is performed in a flotation machine to obtain a secondary zinc sulfide roughing concentrate and a secondary zinc sulfide roughing tailings; per ton of sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore, 40 g of the multi-metal activator, 60 g of isoamyl xanthate and 10 g of pine oil are added to the ore pulp of the secondary zinc sulfide roughing operation; (4) The primary zinc sulfide rougher concentrate obtained in step (2) and the secondary zinc sulfide rougher concentrate obtained in step (3) are combined, and isopentyl xanthate and pine oil are added in sequence to perform zinc sulfide concentration in a flotation machine to obtain zinc sulfide concentrate and flotation tailings I; per ton of sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore, 20 g of isopentyl xanthate and 5 g of pine oil are added to the slurry of the zinc sulfide concentration operation; (5) adding a combined adjusting agent and a combined collecting agent to the secondary zinc sulfide roughing tailings obtained in step (3) in sequence, and performing zinc oxide roughing operation in a flotation column to obtain zinc oxide concentrate and flotation tailings II; based on each ton of sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore, 4000 g of the combined adjusting agent and 220 g of the combined collecting agent are added to the slurry of the zinc oxide roughing operation; (6) the zinc sulfide concentrate obtained in step (4) and the zinc oxide concentrate obtained in step (5) are zinc concentrate products, and the flotation tailings I obtained in step (4) and the flotation tailings II obtained in step (5) are combined to obtain flotation tailings; The flotation recovery rate of zinc in this embodiment is 85.3%.

[0020] Example 2: In this example, based on the mass fraction of the multi-metal activator being 100%, copper nitrate accounts for 55%, lead nitrate accounts for 42%, and silver nitrate accounts for 3%. Based on the mass fraction of the combined adjuster being 100%, sodium sulfide accounts for 85%, acidified water glass accounts for 5%, and disodium malonate accounts for 10%. Based on the mass fraction of the combined collector being 100%, laurylamine acetate accounts for 50%, ammonium lauryl sulfate accounts for 40%, and peregal O-25 accounts for 10%. like Figure 1 As shown, a short-process cascade separation method for sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore has the following specific steps: (1) Crushing and grinding the sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore until the zinc minerals are fully dissociated, and adding water to adjust the slurry to a mass percentage concentration of 32%; wherein the mass percentage content of zinc in the sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore is 6.1%; (2) A multi-metal activator, isoamyl xanthate and pine oil are sequentially added to the slurry obtained in step (1), and a zinc sulfide roughing operation is carried out in a flotation machine to obtain a primary zinc sulfide roughing concentrate and a primary zinc sulfide roughing tailings; per ton of sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore, 210 g of the multi-metal activator, 250 g of isoamyl xanthate and 30 g of pine oil are added to the slurry of the primary zinc sulfide roughing operation; (3) A multi-metal activator, isoamyl xanthate and pine oil are sequentially added to the primary zinc sulfide roughing tailings obtained in step (2), and a secondary zinc sulfide roughing operation is performed in a flotation machine to obtain a secondary zinc sulfide roughing concentrate and a secondary zinc sulfide roughing tailings; per ton of sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore, 60 g of the multi-metal activator, 80 g of isoamyl xanthate and 15 g of pine oil are added to the ore pulp of the secondary zinc sulfide roughing operation; (4) The primary zinc sulfide rougher concentrate obtained in step (2) and the secondary zinc sulfide rougher concentrate obtained in step (3) are combined, and isopentyl xanthate and pine oil are added in sequence, and zinc sulfide concentration operation is carried out in a flotation machine to obtain zinc sulfide concentrate and flotation tailings I; per ton of sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore, 30 g of isopentyl xanthate and 7.5 g of pine oil are added to the ore pulp of the zinc sulfide concentration operation; (5) adding a combined adjusting agent and a combined collecting agent to the secondary zinc sulfide roughing tailings obtained in step (3) in sequence, and performing zinc oxide roughing operation in a flotation column to obtain zinc oxide concentrate and flotation tailings II; based on each ton of sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore, 5000 g of the combined adjusting agent and 280 g of the combined collecting agent are added to the ore pulp of the zinc oxide roughing operation; (6) The zinc sulfide concentrate obtained in step (4) and the zinc oxide concentrate obtained in step (5) are used to obtain a zinc concentrate product, and the flotation tailings I obtained in step (4) and the flotation tailings II obtained in step (5) are combined to obtain flotation tailings; The flotation recovery rate of zinc in this embodiment is 87.1%.

[0021] Example 3: In this example, based on the mass fraction of the multi-metal activator being 100%, copper nitrate accounts for 60%, lead nitrate accounts for 39%, and silver nitrate accounts for 1%; based on the mass fraction of the combined adjuster being 100%, sodium sulfide accounts for 90%, acidified water glass accounts for 5%, and disodium malonate accounts for 5%; based on the mass fraction of the combined collector being 100%, laurylamine acetate accounts for 55%, ammonium lauryl sulfate accounts for 30%, and peregal O-25 accounts for 15%; like Figure 1 As shown, a short-process cascade separation method for sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore has the following specific steps: (1) Crushing and grinding the sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore until the zinc minerals are fully dissociated, and adding water to adjust the slurry to a mass percentage concentration of 38%; wherein the mass percentage content of zinc in the sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore is 7.8%; (2) A multi-metal activator, isoamyl xanthate and pine oil are sequentially added to the slurry obtained in step (1), and a zinc sulfide roughing operation is carried out in a flotation machine to obtain a primary zinc sulfide roughing concentrate and a primary zinc sulfide roughing tailings; per ton of sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore, 280 g of the multi-metal activator, 320 g of isoamyl xanthate and 40 g of pine oil are added to the slurry of the primary zinc sulfide roughing operation; (3) adding a multi-metal activator, isoamyl xanthate and pine oil to the primary zinc sulfide roughing tailings obtained in step (2) in sequence, and performing a secondary zinc sulfide roughing operation in a flotation machine to obtain a secondary zinc sulfide roughing concentrate and a secondary zinc sulfide roughing tailings; per ton of sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore, 80 g of the multi-metal activator, 100 g of isoamyl xanthate and 20 g of pine oil are added to the ore pulp of the secondary zinc sulfide roughing operation; (4) The primary zinc sulfide rougher concentrate obtained in step (2) and the secondary zinc sulfide rougher concentrate obtained in step (3) are combined, and isopentyl xanthate and pine oil are added in sequence to perform zinc sulfide concentration in a flotation machine to obtain zinc sulfide concentrate and flotation tailings I; per ton of sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore, 40 g of isopentyl xanthate and 10 g of pine oil are added to the slurry of the zinc sulfide concentration operation; (5) A combined adjusting agent and a combined collecting agent are sequentially added to the secondary zinc sulfide roughing tailings obtained in step (3), and a zinc oxide roughing operation is performed in a flotation column to obtain a zinc oxide concentrate and a flotation tailing II; per ton of sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore, 6000 g of the combined adjusting agent and 340 g of the combined collecting agent are added to the ore pulp of the zinc oxide roughing operation; (6) the zinc sulfide concentrate obtained in step (4) and the zinc oxide concentrate obtained in step (5) are zinc concentrate products, and the flotation tailings I obtained in step (4) and the flotation tailings II obtained in step (5) are combined to obtain flotation tailings; The flotation recovery rate of zinc in this embodiment is 88.5%.

[0022] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A short-process cascade separation method for sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: (1) Crushing and grinding the sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore until the zinc minerals are fully dissociated, and adding water to adjust the slurry to a mass percentage concentration of 26-38%; (2) adding a multi-metal activator, isoamyl xanthate and pine oil to the slurry obtained in step (1) in sequence, and performing a primary zinc sulfide roughing operation in a flotation machine to obtain a primary zinc sulfide roughing concentrate and a primary zinc sulfide roughing tailing; (3) adding a multi-metal activator, isoamyl xanthate and pine oil to the primary zinc sulfide roughing tailings obtained in step (2) in sequence, and performing a secondary zinc sulfide roughing operation in a flotation machine to obtain a secondary zinc sulfide roughing concentrate and a secondary zinc sulfide roughing tailings; (4) combining the primary zinc sulfide rougher concentrate obtained in step (2) and the secondary zinc sulfide rougher concentrate obtained in step (3), adding isoamyl xanthate and pine oil in sequence, and performing zinc sulfide concentration in a flotation machine to obtain zinc sulfide concentrate and flotation tailings I; (5) adding a combined adjusting agent and a combined collecting agent to the secondary zinc sulfide roughing tailings obtained in step (3) in sequence, and performing zinc oxide roughing operation in a flotation column to obtain zinc oxide concentrate and flotation tailings II; (6) the zinc sulfide concentrate obtained in step (4) and the zinc oxide concentrate obtained in step (5) are zinc concentrate products, and the flotation tailings I obtained in step (4) and the flotation tailings II obtained in step (5) are combined to obtain flotation tailings; The multi-metal activator is a mixture of copper nitrate, lead nitrate and silver nitrate, the combined adjuster is a mixture of sodium sulfide, acidified water glass and disodium malonate, and the combined collector is a mixture of laurylamine acetate, lauryl ammonium sulfate and peregal O-25.

2. The short-process cascade separation method for sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass percentage content of zinc in the sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore in step (1) is 4.4-7.8%.

3. The short-process cascade separation method for sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on each ton of mixed zinc sulfide ore, 140-280 g of multi-metal activator, 180-320 g of isopentyl xanthate and 20-40 g of pine oil are added to the slurry of the primary zinc sulfide roughing operation in step (2).

4. The short-process cascade separation method for sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on each ton of mixed zinc sulfide ore, 40-80 g of multi-metal activator, 60-100 g of isopentyl xanthate and 10-20 g of pine oil are added to the slurry of the secondary zinc sulfide roughing operation in step (3).

5. The short-process cascade separation method for sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on each ton of mixed zinc sulfide ore, 20-40 g of isopentyl xanthate and 5-10 g of pine oil are added to the slurry of the zinc sulfide concentration operation in step (4).

6. The short-process cascade separation method for sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: Calculated per ton of sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore, 4000-6000 g of the combined adjusting agent and 220-340 g of the combined collecting agent are added to the ore pulp of the zinc oxide roughing operation in step (5).

7. The short-process cascade separation method for sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: Taking the mass fraction of the multi-metal activator as 100%, copper nitrate accounts for 50-60%, lead nitrate accounts for 39-48%, and silver nitrate accounts for 1-3% in the multi-metal activator.

8. The short-process cascade separation method for sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: Taking the mass fraction of the combined adjuster as 100%, sodium sulfide accounts for 80-90%, acidified water glass accounts for 5-10%, and disodium malonate accounts for 5-10% in the combined adjuster.

9. The short-process cascade separation method for sulfur-oxygen mixed zinc ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: Taking the mass fraction of the combined collector as 100%, the laurylamine acetate accounts for 45-55%, the lauryl ammonium sulfate accounts for 30-40%, and the peregal O-25 accounts for 10-20%.

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