A charging system and an electric vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a charging system and an electric vehicle, and mainly comprises an MCU and a motor. N bridge arms in the MCU and N motor windings in the motor can form a voltage conversion circuit. When the power supply voltage is less than the minimum charging voltage of the power battery, the MCU can perform step-up conversion on the power supply voltage through the voltage conversion circuit, and output the step-up converted power supply voltage as a first output voltage to the power battery. The first output voltage is not less than the minimum charging voltage. The application can reduce the space and cost occupied by the charging system while performing step-down conversion on the power supply voltage.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application. The original application has the application number 202110082141.2 and the original application date is January 21, 2021. The entire contents of the original application are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of new energy vehicle technology, and in particular to a charging system and an electric vehicle. Background Technology

[0003] With the development of new energy technologies, electric vehicles have received increasing attention. Electric vehicles are equipped with power batteries that can receive and store electrical energy provided by charging stations. During operation, the power battery releases the stored energy to power the electric vehicle.

[0004] To improve the charging speed of electric vehicles, an increasing number of electric vehicles are using 800V high-voltage power batteries. These high-voltage power batteries typically require a charging voltage of at least 800V. However, most DC fast charging stations on the market currently have an output voltage of only 500V. These charging stations cannot directly charge 800V high-voltage power batteries, causing electric vehicles equipped with high-voltage power batteries to face charging difficulties, which is detrimental to improving the user experience.

[0005] Therefore, charging solutions for electric vehicles still require further research. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, this application provides a charging system and an electric vehicle that, when the power supply voltage is less than the minimum charging voltage of the power battery, enables the electric vehicle to still support the power supply voltage for charging the power battery.

[0007] Firstly, this application provides a charging system, mainly including a motor controller (MCU) and a motor. The MCU includes N bridge arms, and the motor includes N motor windings. The N bridge arms in the MCU and the N motor windings in the electrodes are connected one-to-one, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The high-potential terminals of the N bridge arms are connected to a first power supply terminal and a first battery terminal of the charging system. The first power supply terminal can be connected to the positive terminal of a DC power supply, and the first battery terminal can be connected to the positive terminal of a power battery. The DC power supply can output a power supply voltage, and the power battery can receive the first output voltage of the charging system. The low-potential terminals of the N bridge arms in the MCU are connected to a second battery terminal of the charging system, which can be connected to the negative terminal of the power battery. In the motor, one end of each of the N motor windings is connected to the midpoint of its corresponding bridge arm, and the other end of each of the N motor windings is connected to the second power supply terminal of the charging system, which can be connected to the negative terminal of the DC power supply. The aforementioned N bridge arms and N motor windings can form a voltage conversion circuit. When the power supply voltage is lower than the minimum charging voltage of the power battery, the MCU can boost the power supply voltage through the aforementioned voltage conversion circuit and output the boosted power supply voltage as the first output voltage to the power battery. This first output voltage is not less than the minimum charging voltage.

[0008] In summary, this application implements a charging system by reusing an MCU and a motor. When the power supply voltage is lower than the minimum charging voltage of the power battery, the charging system can boost the power supply voltage to obtain a first output voltage that is not lower than the aforementioned minimum charging voltage. This first output voltage can be adapted to the power battery, thereby charging the power battery. Furthermore, this application reuses an MCU and a motor commonly found in electric vehicles, which also helps to reduce the space and cost occupied by the charging system.

[0009] For example, the first aspect of this application provides the following example for illustration:

[0010] Example 1

[0011] Any one of the aforementioned N bridge arms is designated as the first bridge arm. This first bridge arm includes a first switch and a second switch. The first electrode of the first switch is connected to both the first battery terminal and the first power supply terminal, and the second electrode of the first switch is connected to the first electrode of the second switch. The midpoint of the first bridge arm is located between the first and second switches. When the power supply voltage is lower than the minimum charging voltage of the power battery, the MCU can turn on the first switch to charge the first motor winding connected to the first bridge arm. The MCU turns off the first switch to discharge the first motor winding.

[0012] Specifically, when the MCU turns on the first switching transistor, current is output from the positive terminal of the DC power supply, passes through the first switching transistor, and reaches the first motor winding, charging the first motor winding. When the MCU turns off the first switching transistor, the first motor winding begins to discharge. Current is output from the end of the first motor winding closest to the second power supply terminal, and after being transmitted through the DC power supply, the power battery, and the diode in the second switching transistor, it flows back to the end of the first motor winding closest to the second switching transistor. During this process, the DC power supply and the first motor winding discharge in series, and the first output voltage is the sum of the power supply voltage and the voltage of the first motor winding. Obviously, the first output voltage is greater than the power supply voltage, thus achieving boost conversion.

[0013] It is understood that the power supply voltage provided by the DC power source may also be within the charging voltage range of the power battery, i.e., the power supply voltage is compatible with the power battery. To accommodate this scenario, the charging system in this application may further include a first switch, with a first terminal connected to the second battery terminal and a second terminal connected to the second power supply terminal. The MCU may also turn on the first switch when the power supply voltage is within the charging voltage range of the power battery, and turn off the first switch when the power supply voltage is outside the charging voltage range of the power battery.

[0014] Specifically, when the first switch is on, the power battery can be directly connected to the DC power supply, thus directly receiving the power voltage provided by the DC power supply to complete charging. Therefore, the first switch can be turned on when the power voltage is within the charging voltage range of the power battery. When the first switch is off, the MCU can convert the power voltage and provide the converted power voltage as the first output voltage to the power battery. Therefore, the first switch can be turned off when the power voltage is outside the charging voltage range of the power battery.

[0015] As mentioned earlier, the first motor winding needs to store electrical energy during boost conversion. However, in some motors, the inductance of the motor winding may be insufficient to support boost conversion. Therefore, the charging system of this application further includes a first inductor, one end of which is connected to the other end of the N motor windings, and the other end of which is connected to a second power supply terminal. When the first motor windings are charging, the first inductor charges synchronously. When the first motor windings are discharging, the first inductor discharges synchronously. At this time, the first output voltage is the sum of the power supply voltage, the voltage of the first motor windings, and the voltage of the first inductor. Therefore, increasing the first inductor helps to further increase the first output voltage.

[0016] Example 2

[0017] It is foreseeable that in some scenarios, the power supply voltage may exceed the maximum charging voltage of the power battery. Therefore, in this application, the MCU can also perform a voltage conversion circuit to step down the power supply voltage when it exceeds the maximum charging voltage of the power battery, and output the stepped-down voltage as the first output voltage to the power battery. This first output voltage is not greater than the maximum charging voltage. In this case, the electric vehicle can receive a larger power supply voltage, which, after conversion, can then be used to charge the power battery, thus improving charging convenience.

[0018] For example, any one of the N bridge arms of the MCU is the first bridge arm. This first bridge arm includes a first switch and a second switch. The first electrode of the first switch is connected to both the first battery terminal and the first power supply terminal, and the second electrode of the first switch is connected to the first electrode of the second switch. The midpoint of the first bridge arm is located between the first and second switches. The charging system may also include a first switch and a second switch. The first terminal of the first switch is connected to the second battery terminal, the second terminal of the first switch is connected to the second power supply terminal, the first terminal of the second switch is connected to the first battery terminal, the second terminal of the second switch is connected to the other end of the N motor windings, and the third terminal of the second switch is connected to the first power supply terminal.

[0019] Based on this charging system, when the power supply voltage is greater than the maximum charging voltage of the power battery, the MCU can turn on the first switch and the first and second terminals of the second switch. The MCU turns on the first switch to charge the first motor winding connected to the first bridge arm. The MCU turns off the first switch to discharge the first motor winding.

[0020] Specifically, when the MCU turns on the first switching transistor, it can charge the first motor winding. At this time, the first output voltage is the voltage difference between the power supply voltage and the voltage of the first motor winding. When the MCU turns off the first switching transistor, it can discharge the first motor winding. At this time, the first output voltage is the voltage of the first motor winding. It can be seen that the first output voltage is always less than the power supply voltage, so the charging system can perform voltage step-down conversion on the power supply voltage.

[0021] It should be noted that the charging system provided in Example 2 can also perform voltage boosting. For example, the charging system may further include a third switch, the first terminal of which is connected to the other end of the N motor windings, and the second terminal of which is connected to the second power supply terminal. When the power supply voltage is less than the minimum charging voltage of the power battery, the MCU can turn on the first and third terminals of the second switch, turn on the third switch, and turn off the first switch. The MCU turns on the first switch transistor to charge the first motor winding corresponding to the first bridge arm. It turns off the first switch transistor to discharge the first motor winding.

[0022] Specifically, when the MCU turns on the first switching transistor, it can charge the first motor winding. When the MCU turns off the first switching transistor, it can discharge the first motor winding. At this time, the first output voltage is the sum of the voltage of the first motor winding and the power supply voltage. Therefore, the first output voltage is greater than the power supply voltage, so the charging system can perform voltage boost conversion on the power supply voltage.

[0023] Furthermore, the charging system provided in Example 2 can also perform buck-boost conversion on the power supply voltage. Exemplarily, the charging system may further include a third switch, the first terminal of which is connected to the other end of the N motor windings, and the second terminal of which is connected to a second power supply terminal. The MCU can turn on the first and second terminals of the second switch, as well as the third switch. The MCU turns on the first switch transistor to charge the first motor winding corresponding to the first bridge arm. The MCU turns off the first switch transistor to discharge the first motor winding.

[0024] Specifically, when the MCU turns on the first switching transistor, it can charge the first motor winding. When the MCU turns off the first switching transistor, it can discharge the first motor winding. At this time, the first output voltage is the voltage of the first motor winding. The voltage of the first motor winding depends on the charging time of the first motor winding. Therefore, by adjusting the charging time of the first motor winding, the magnitude of the first output voltage can be adjusted. This first output voltage may be greater than the power supply voltage (boost conversion) or less than the power supply voltage (buck conversion).

[0025] It is understood that the charging system provided in Example 2 of this application is also compatible with scenarios where the power supply voltage matches the power battery. For example, the MCU can also turn on the first and third terminals of the second switch, as well as the first switch, when the power supply voltage is within the charging voltage range of the power battery. In this case, the power battery is directly connected to the DC power supply and can directly receive the power supply voltage to complete charging.

[0026] Secondly, this application also provides a charging system, mainly including a motor controller (MCU) and a motor. The MCU includes N bridge arms, and the motor includes N motor windings. The N bridge arms and N motor windings are connected one-to-one, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The high-potential terminals of the N bridge arms are connected to the first power supply terminal and the first battery terminal of the charging system. The first power supply terminal can be connected to the positive terminal of a DC load, and the first battery terminal can be connected to the positive terminal of a power battery. The DC load can receive the second output voltage of the charging system, and the power battery can output battery voltage to the charging system. The low-potential terminals of the N bridge arms are connected to the second battery terminal of the charging system, which can be connected to the negative terminal of the power battery. One end of each of the N motor windings is connected to the midpoint of its corresponding bridge arm, and the other end of each motor winding is connected to the second power supply terminal of the charging system, which is used to connect to the negative terminal of the DC load. The voltage conversion circuit consists of N bridge arms and N motor windings. When the battery voltage is greater than the maximum operating voltage of the DC load, the MCU can perform step-down conversion on the battery voltage through the voltage conversion circuit and output the step-down battery voltage as the second output voltage to the DC load. The second output voltage is not greater than the maximum operating voltage.

[0027] In summary, this application implements a charging system by reusing an MCU and a motor. When the battery voltage exceeds the maximum operating voltage of the DC load, the charging system can step down the battery voltage to obtain a second output voltage that is no greater than the aforementioned maximum operating voltage. This second output voltage can be adapted to the DC load, thereby supplying power to the DC load. Furthermore, by reusing the MCU and motor commonly found in electric vehicles, this application also helps to reduce the space and cost occupied by the charging system.

[0028] For example, the second aspect of this application provides the following example for illustration:

[0029] Example 1

[0030] For example, any one of the N bridge arms is the first bridge arm. The first bridge arm includes a first switch and a second switch. The first electrode of the first switch is connected to the first battery terminal and the first power supply terminal, respectively. The second electrode of the first switch is connected to the first electrode of the second switch. The midpoint of the first bridge arm is located between the first switch and the second switch. When the battery voltage is greater than the maximum operating voltage of the DC load, the MCU can turn on the second switch to charge the first motor winding connected to the first bridge arm. The MCU turns off the second switch to discharge the first motor winding.

[0031] Specifically, when the MCU turns on the second switch, it can charge the first motor winding. At this time, the first output voltage is the voltage difference between the power supply voltage and the voltage of the first motor winding. When the MCU turns off the second switch, it can discharge the first motor winding. At this time, the first output voltage is the voltage of the first motor winding. It can be seen that the first output voltage is always less than the battery voltage. Therefore, the charging system provided in Example 1 of this application can realize the step-down conversion of the battery voltage.

[0032] It is understandable that the battery voltage of the power battery may also be compatible with a DC load. To accommodate this scenario, the charging system may also include a first switch, with a first terminal connected to a second battery terminal and a second terminal connected to a second power supply terminal. The MCU may also turn on the first switch when the battery voltage is within the operating voltage range of the DC load, and turn off the first switch when the battery voltage is outside the operating voltage range of the DC load.

[0033] When the first switch is on, the power battery can be directly connected to the DC load to directly supply power to the DC load. When the first switch is off, the MCU can convert the battery voltage and use the converted battery voltage as the second output voltage to supply the DC load.

[0034] As mentioned earlier, the first motor winding needs to store electrical energy during buck conversion. However, in some motors, the inductance of the motor winding may be insufficient to support buck conversion. Therefore, the charging system of this application further includes a first inductor, one end of which is connected to the other end of the N motor windings, and the other end of which is connected to a second power supply terminal. When the first motor windings are charging, the first inductor charges synchronously. When the first motor windings are discharging, the first inductor discharges synchronously. At this time, the first output voltage is the power supply voltage minus the voltage difference between the voltage of the first motor windings and the voltage of the first inductor. Therefore, increasing the first inductor helps to further reduce the second output voltage.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] It is foreseeable that in some scenarios, the battery voltage may be lower than the minimum operating voltage of the DC load. Therefore, in this application, the MCU can also perform a voltage conversion circuit to boost the battery voltage when the battery voltage is lower than the minimum operating voltage of the power battery, and output the boosted battery voltage as a second output voltage to the DC load. This second output voltage is not lower than the minimum operating voltage of the power battery.

[0037] For example, any one of the N bridge arms in the MCU is the first bridge arm. The first bridge arm includes a first switch and a second switch. The first electrode of the first switch is connected to the first battery terminal and the first power supply terminal, respectively. The second electrode of the first switch is connected to the first electrode of the second switch. The midpoint of the first bridge arm is located between the first switch and the second switch. The charging system may also include a first switch and a second switch. The first terminal of the first switch is connected to the second battery terminal, the second terminal of the first switch is connected to the second power supply terminal, the first terminal of the second switch is connected to the first battery terminal, the second terminal of the second switch is connected to the other end of the N motor windings, and the third terminal of the second switch is connected to the first power supply terminal.

[0038] Based on this charging system, when the battery voltage is less than the minimum operating voltage of the DC load, the MCU can turn on the first switch, turn on the first and second terminals of the second switch; turn on the second switch transistor to charge the first motor winding connected to the first bridge arm; and turn off the second switch transistor to discharge the first motor winding.

[0039] Specifically, when the MCU turns on the second switch, it can charge the first motor winding. When the MCU turns off the second switch, it can discharge the first motor winding. At this time, the second output voltage is the sum of the battery voltage and the voltage of the first motor winding. Therefore, the second output voltage is greater than the battery voltage, and thus the charging system can perform a boost conversion on the battery voltage.

[0040] It should be noted that the charging system provided in Example 2 can also perform step-down conversion of the battery voltage. For example, the charging system may further include a third switch, the first terminal of which is connected to the other end of the N motor windings, and the second terminal of which is connected to the second power supply terminal. When the battery voltage is greater than the maximum operating voltage of the DC load, the MCU can turn on the first and third terminals of the second switch, turn on the third switch, and turn off the first switch. The MCU turns on the second switch to charge the first motor winding corresponding to the first bridge arm. The MCU turns off the second switch to discharge the first motor winding.

[0041] Specifically, when the MCU turns on the second switch, it can charge the first motor winding, and the second output voltage is the voltage difference between the battery voltage and the voltage of the first motor winding. When the MCU turns off the second switch, it can discharge the first motor winding, and the second output voltage is the voltage of the first motor winding. Therefore, the second output voltage is always less than the battery voltage, thus the charging system can perform a step-down conversion of the battery voltage.

[0042] Furthermore, the charging system provided in Example 2 can also perform buck-boost conversion on the battery voltage. Exemplarily, the charging system may further include a third switch, with a first terminal connected to the other end of the N motor windings and a second terminal connected to a second power supply. The MCU can turn on the first and second terminals of the second switch, as well as the third switch. The MCU turns on the second switch to charge the first motor winding connected to the first bridge arm. The MCU turns off the second switch to discharge the first motor winding.

[0043] Specifically, when the MCU turns on the second switch, it can charge the first motor winding. When the MCU turns off the second switch, it can discharge the first motor winding. At this time, the second output voltage is the voltage of the first motor winding. The voltage of the first motor winding depends on the charging time of the first motor winding. Therefore, by adjusting the charging time of the first motor winding, the magnitude of the second output voltage can be adjusted. This second output voltage may be greater than the battery voltage (boost conversion) or less than the battery voltage (buck conversion).

[0044] It is understood that the charging system provided in Example 2 of this application is also compatible with scenarios where the battery voltage matches the DC load. For example, the MCU can also turn on the first and third terminals of the second switch, as well as the first switch, when the battery voltage is within the operating voltage range of the DC load. In this case, the power battery is directly connected to the DC load and can directly supply power to the DC load.

[0045] Thirdly, this application provides a charging system, mainly including a motor controller (MCU) and a motor. The MCU includes N bridge arms, and the motor includes N motor windings. The N bridge arms and N motor windings are connected one-to-one, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The high-potential terminals of the N bridge arms are connected to the first battery terminal of the charging system. The first battery terminal can be connected to the positive terminal of a power battery, which can receive the first output voltage of the charging system. The low-potential terminals of the N bridge arms are connected to the second battery terminal and the second power supply terminal of the charging system. The second battery terminal can be connected to the negative terminal of the power battery, and the second power supply terminal can be connected to the negative terminal of a DC power supply, which can output a power supply voltage. One end of each of the N motor windings is connected to the midpoint of its corresponding bridge arm, and the other end of each motor winding is connected to the first power supply terminal of the charging system, which can be connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply. The voltage conversion circuit consists of N bridge arms and N motor windings. When the power supply voltage is lower than the minimum charging voltage of the power battery, the MCU can boost the power supply voltage through the voltage conversion circuit and output the boosted power supply voltage as the first output voltage to the power battery. The first output voltage is not less than the minimum charging voltage. When the power supply voltage is greater than the maximum charging voltage of the power battery, the voltage conversion circuit can buck the power supply voltage and output the bucked power supply voltage as the first output voltage to the power battery. The first output voltage is not greater than the maximum charging voltage.

[0046] For example, any one of the N bridge arms is the first bridge arm. The first bridge arm includes a first switch and a second switch. The first electrode of the first switch is connected to the first battery terminal and the first power supply terminal, respectively. The second electrode of the first switch is connected to the first electrode of the second switch. The midpoint of the first bridge arm is located between the first switch and the second switch. The charging system also includes a sixth switch and a fifth switch. The first end of the fifth switch is connected to the second battery terminal. The second end of the fifth switch is connected to the low potential terminal of the N bridge arms. The third end of the fifth switch is connected to the other end of the N motor windings. The first end of the sixth switch is connected to the first battery terminal, and the second end of the sixth switch is connected to the first power supply terminal.

[0047] When the power supply voltage exceeds the maximum charging voltage of the power battery, the MCU can turn on the sixth switch, and turn on the first and third terminals of the fifth switch. The MCU then turns on the second switch to charge the first motor winding connected to the first bridge arm. Turning off the second switch allows the first motor winding to discharge.

[0048] Specifically, when the MCU turns on the second switch, it can charge the first motor winding, and the first output voltage is the voltage difference between the power supply voltage and the voltage of the first motor winding. When the MCU turns off the second switch, it can discharge the first motor winding, and the first output voltage is the voltage of the first motor winding. Therefore, the first output voltage is always less than the power supply voltage, thus the charging system can perform a step-down conversion of the power supply voltage.

[0049] It should be noted that the charging system provided in the third aspect of this application can also perform voltage boosting. For example, the charging system may further include a fourth switch, with its first terminal connected to the other end of the N motor windings and its second terminal connected to the first power supply terminal. When the power supply voltage is less than the minimum charging voltage of the power battery, the MCU can turn on the first and second terminals of the fifth switch, turn on the fourth switch, and turn off the sixth switch. The MCU turns on the second switch transistor to charge the first motor winding corresponding to the first bridge arm. The MCU turns off the second switch transistor to discharge the first motor winding.

[0050] Specifically, when the MCU turns on the second switch, it can charge the first motor winding. When the MCU turns off the second switch, it can discharge the first motor winding. At this time, the first output voltage is the sum of the voltage of the first motor winding and the power supply voltage. Therefore, the first output voltage is greater than the power supply voltage, and thus the charging system can perform a boost conversion of the power supply voltage.

[0051] Furthermore, the charging system provided in the third aspect of this application can also perform buck-boost conversion on the power supply voltage. For example, the charging system may further include a fourth switch, the first terminal of which is connected to the other end of the N motor windings, and the second terminal of which is connected to the first power supply terminal. The MCU can turn on the first and third terminals of the fifth switch, as well as the fourth switch. The MCU turns on the second switch transistor to charge the first motor winding corresponding to the first bridge arm. The MCU turns off the second switch transistor to discharge the first motor winding.

[0052] Specifically, when the MCU turns on the second switch, it can charge the first motor winding. When the MCU turns off the second switch, it can discharge the first motor winding. At this time, the first output voltage is the voltage of the first motor winding. The voltage of the first motor winding depends on the charging time of the first motor winding. Therefore, by adjusting the charging time of the first motor winding, the magnitude of the first output voltage can be adjusted. This first output voltage may be greater than the power supply voltage (boost conversion) or less than the power supply voltage (buck conversion).

[0053] It is understood that the charging system provided in the third aspect of this application is also compatible with scenarios where the power supply voltage matches the power battery. For example, the MCU can also turn on the first and second terminals of the fifth switch, and the sixth switch, when the power supply voltage is within the charging voltage range of the power battery. In this case, the power battery is directly connected to the DC power supply and can directly receive the power supply voltage to complete charging.

[0054] Fourthly, this application provides a charging system, mainly including a motor controller (MCU) and a motor. The MCU includes N bridge arms, and the motor includes N motor windings. The N bridge arms and N motor windings are connected one-to-one, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The high-potential terminals of the N bridge arms are connected to the first battery terminal of the charging system. The first battery terminal can be connected to the positive terminal of a power battery, which can output battery voltage to the charging system. The low-potential terminals of the N bridge arms are connected to the second battery terminal and the second power supply terminal of the charging system. The second battery terminal can be connected to the negative terminal of the power battery, and the second power supply terminal can be connected to the negative terminal of a DC load, which can receive the second output voltage of the charging system. One end of each of the N motor windings is connected to the midpoint of its corresponding bridge arm, and the other end of each motor winding is connected to the first power supply terminal of the charging system, which can be connected to the positive terminal of the DC load. The voltage conversion circuit consists of N bridge arms and N motor windings. When the battery voltage is greater than the maximum operating voltage of the DC load, the MCU can step down the battery voltage using this circuit and output the resulting voltage as a second output voltage to the DC load. This second output voltage is not greater than the maximum operating voltage of the DC load. Conversely, when the battery voltage is less than the minimum operating voltage of the DC load, the MCU can boost the battery voltage using this circuit and output the resulting voltage as a second output voltage to the DC load. This second output voltage is not less than the minimum operating voltage of the DC load.

[0055] For example, any one of the N bridge arms of the MCU is the first bridge arm. This first bridge arm includes a first switch and a second switch. The first electrode of the first switch is connected to both the first battery terminal and the first power supply terminal, and the second electrode of the first switch is connected to the first electrode of the second switch. The midpoint of the first bridge arm is located between the first and second switches. The charging system may also include a sixth switch and a fifth switch. The first terminal of the fifth switch is connected to the second battery terminal, the second terminal of the fifth switch is connected to the low-potential terminals of the N bridge arms, and the third terminal of the fifth switch is connected to the other end of the N motor windings. The first terminal of the sixth switch is connected to the first battery terminal, and the second terminal of the sixth switch is connected to the first power supply terminal.

[0056] Based on this charging system, when the battery voltage is lower than the minimum operating voltage of the DC load, the MCU can turn on the sixth switch and the first and third terminals of the fifth switch. The MCU turns on the first switch transistor to charge the first motor winding connected to the first bridge arm. The MCU turns off the first switch transistor to discharge the first motor winding.

[0057] Specifically, when the MCU turns on the first switching transistor, it can charge the first motor winding. When the MCU turns off the first switching transistor, it can discharge the first motor winding. At this time, the second output voltage is the sum of the battery voltage and the voltage of the first motor winding. Therefore, the second output voltage is greater than the battery voltage, and thus the charging system can perform a boost conversion on the battery voltage.

[0058] It should be noted that the charging system provided in the fourth aspect of this application can also perform step-down conversion of the battery voltage. For example, the charging system may further include a fourth switch, the first terminal of which is connected to the other end of the N motor windings, and the second terminal of which is connected to a first power supply terminal. When the battery voltage is greater than the maximum operating voltage of the DC load, the MCU can turn on the first and second terminals of the fifth switch, turn on the fourth switch, and turn off the sixth switch. The MCU turns on the first switch transistor to charge the first motor winding corresponding to the first bridge arm. It then turns off the first switch transistor to discharge the first motor winding.

[0059] Specifically, when the MCU turns on the first switching transistor, it can charge the first motor winding. The second output voltage is the voltage difference between the battery voltage and the voltage of the first motor winding. When the MCU turns off the first switching transistor, it can discharge the first motor winding. At this time, the second output voltage is the voltage of the first motor winding. Therefore, the second output voltage is always less than the battery voltage, thus the charging system can perform a step-down conversion of the battery voltage.

[0060] Furthermore, the charging system provided in the fourth aspect of this application can also perform buck-boost conversion on the battery voltage. Exemplarily, the charging system may further include a fourth switch, the first terminal of which is connected to the other end of the N motor windings, and the second terminal of which is connected to a first power supply terminal. The MCU can turn on the first and third terminals of a fifth switch, and turn on a sixth switch. The MCU turns on the first switch transistor to charge the first motor winding corresponding to the first bridge arm. The MCU turns off the first switch transistor to discharge the first motor winding.

[0061] Specifically, when the MCU turns on the first switching transistor, it can charge the first motor winding. When the MCU turns off the first switching transistor, it can discharge the first motor winding. At this time, the second output voltage is the voltage of the first motor winding. The voltage of the first motor winding depends on the charging time of the first motor winding. Therefore, by adjusting the charging time of the first motor winding, the magnitude of the second output voltage can be adjusted. This second output voltage may be greater than the battery voltage (boost conversion) or less than the battery voltage (buck conversion).

[0062] It is understood that the charging system provided in the fourth aspect of this application is also compatible with scenarios where the battery voltage matches the DC load. For example, the MCU can also turn on the first and second terminals of the fifth switch, and the sixth switch, when the battery voltage is within the operating voltage range of the DC load. In this case, the power battery is directly connected to the DC load and can directly supply power to the DC load.

[0063] Fifthly, this application provides an electric vehicle, which mainly includes a power battery and a charging system as provided in any one of the first to fourth aspects above, the charging system being able to charge the power battery.

[0064] These or other aspects of this application will become more apparent from the description of the following embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0065] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an electric vehicle charging scenario;

[0066] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an electric drive system;

[0067] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a charging system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 4 This is one of the boost conversion states of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0069] Figure 5 This is the second boost conversion state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0070] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a specific charging system provided in this application embodiment;

[0071] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a specific charging system provided in this application embodiment;

[0072] Figure 8 This is one of the buck conversion states of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0073] Figure 9 This is the second step-down conversion state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0074] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a specific charging system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0075] Figure 11 This is one of the switching states of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0076] Figure 12 This is the third step-down conversion state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0077] Figure 13 This is the fourth step-down conversion state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0078] Figure 14 This is a second switching state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0079] Figure 15 This is a third switching state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0080] Figure 16 This is one of the buck-boost transition states of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0081] Figure 17 This is the second buck-boost transition state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0082] Figure 18 This is the third boost conversion state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0083] Figure 19 This is the fourth boost conversion state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0084] Figure 20 This is the third buck-boost transition state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0085] Figure 21 This is the fourth buck-boost transition state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0086] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of yet another charging system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0087] Figure 23 This is a fourth switching state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0088] Figure 24This is the fifth step-down conversion state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0089] Figure 25 This is the sixth step-down conversion state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0090] Figure 26 This is a fifth switching state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0091] Figure 27 This is a sixth switching state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0092] Figure 28 This is the fifth buck-boost transition state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0093] Figure 29 This is the sixth buck-boost transition state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0094] Figure 30 This is the fifth boost conversion state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0095] Figure 31 This is the sixth boost conversion state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0096] Figure 32 This is the seventh buck-boost transition state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0097] Figure 33 This is the eighth buck-boost transition state of the charging system provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0098] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The specific operational methods in the method embodiments can also be applied to the device embodiments or system embodiments. It should be noted that in the description of this application, "at least one" refers to one or more, where "multiple" refers to two or more. Therefore, in the embodiments of this invention, "multiple" can also be understood as "at least two". "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / ", unless otherwise specified, generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship. Furthermore, it should be understood that in the description of this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used for distinguishing the descriptive purpose and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or order.

[0099] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0100] Electric vehicles, also known as new energy vehicles, are a type of vehicle powered by electricity. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the electric vehicle 10 mainly includes a power battery 12, a motor 13, and wheels 14. The power battery 12 is a high-capacity, high-power storage battery. When the electric vehicle 10 is in motion, the power battery 12 can supply power to the motor 13 via a motor control unit (MCU) 111. The motor 13 converts the electrical energy provided by the power battery 12 into mechanical energy, thereby driving the wheels 14 to rotate and enabling the vehicle to move.

[0101] When charging electric vehicle 10, it can generally be charged through charging station 20. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the charging pile 20 mainly includes a power supply circuit 21 and a charging gun 22. One end of the power supply circuit 21 is connected to the power grid 30, and the other end is connected to the charging gun 22 via a cable. Currently, most charging piles 20 are DC charging piles, and the power supply circuit 21 can convert the AC power provided by the power grid 30 into DC power. The operator can insert the charging gun 22 into the charging port of the electric vehicle 10, so that the charging gun 22 is connected to the power battery 12 inside the electric vehicle 10, and the power supply circuit 21 of the charging pile 20 can then charge the power battery 12 through the charging gun 22.

[0102] The output voltage of the charging pile 20 can be understood as the power supply voltage received by the electric vehicle 10. In the DC fast charging scenario, the power supply voltage received by the electric vehicle 10 is within the charging voltage range of the power battery 12, and the power battery 12 can directly use the output voltage of the charging pile 20 to complete the charging.

[0103] The lower limit of the charging voltage range of the power battery 12 is the minimum charging voltage, which can be understood as the minimum charging voltage that the power battery 12 can adapt to. The upper limit of the charging voltage range of the power battery 12 is the maximum charging voltage, which can be understood as the maximum charging voltage that the power battery 12 can adapt to.

[0104] Currently, to improve the charging speed of electric vehicles 10, the voltage level of the power battery 12 will gradually increase from the current 500V to 800V. Taking an 800V power battery 12 as an example, the battery voltage of the power battery 12 can reach 800V, and the required charging voltage is often no less than 800V. However, for the charging piles 20 that support DC fast charging on the market, their voltage level is generally 500V, meaning that the maximum output voltage of most charging piles 20 that support DC fast charging is 500V. This makes it difficult for many electric vehicles 10 equipped with high-voltage power batteries to charge.

[0105] In view of this, this application provides a charging system 11 connected to a power battery 12. When charging the electric vehicle 10, the charging system 11 can receive a power supply voltage. When the power supply voltage is lower than the minimum charging voltage of the power battery 12, the charging system 11 can perform a boost conversion on the power supply voltage and provide the boosted power supply voltage as the first output voltage to the power battery 12.

[0106] In the example above, the output voltage of the charging pile 20 is 500V, meaning the power supply voltage received by the charging system 11 is 500V. Assuming that the power battery 12 can be adapted to a charging voltage of 960V, the charging system 11 can boost and convert the power supply voltage to 960V, thereby providing the power battery 12 with a first output voltage of 960V, allowing the power battery 12 to complete charging using this first output voltage.

[0107] It should be noted that, in order to save space occupied by the charging system 11 in the electric vehicle 10 and control the cost of the charging system 11, the charging system 11 in this embodiment can be implemented by reusing the MCU 111 in the electric vehicle 10 and the motor windings in the motor 13. The charging system 11, including the MCU 111 and the motor 13, can also be referred to as the electric drive system of the electric vehicle 10.

[0108] Specifically, motor 13 relies on electromagnetic induction to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy; therefore, motor 13 contains motor windings. Currently, the number of motor windings in motor 13 is mostly three or six. Taking a three-phase motor as an example... Figure 2As shown, MCU111 includes three bridge arms, and motor 13 includes three motor windings (N1 to N3), with each of the three bridge arms in MCU111 corresponding to one of the three motor windings in motor 13. Wherein:

[0109] The first bridge arm includes switching transistors T1 and T2. The first electrode of switching transistor T1 is connected to the positive terminal of the power battery 12, and the second electrode of switching transistor T1 is connected to the first electrode of switching transistor T2. The second electrode of switching transistor T2 is connected to the negative terminal of the power battery 12. The midpoint of the first bridge arm is the connection point between switching transistors T1 and T2. The midpoint of the first bridge arm is connected to one end of the motor winding N1.

[0110] The second bridge arm includes switching transistors T3 and T4. The first electrode of switching transistor T3 is connected to the positive terminal of the power battery 12, and the second electrode of switching transistor T3 is connected to the first electrode of switching transistor T4. The second electrode of switching transistor T4 is connected to the negative terminal of the power battery 12. The midpoint of the second bridge arm is the connection point between switching transistors T3 and T4. The midpoint of the second bridge arm is connected to one end of the motor winding N2.

[0111] The third bridge arm includes switching transistors T5 and T6. The first electrode of switching transistor T6 is connected to the positive terminal of the power battery 12. The second electrode of switching transistor T3 is connected to the first electrode of switching transistor T4, and the second electrode of switching transistor T4 is connected to the negative terminal of the power battery 12. The midpoint of the third bridge arm is the connection point between switching transistors T5 and T6. The midpoint of the third bridge arm is connected to one end of the motor winding N3, and the other ends of the three motor windings are connected...

[0112] The MCU111 also includes a control board (not shown in the figure). This control board is connected to the control electrodes of switching transistors T1 through T6, controlling their on / off states respectively. This allows the three bridge arms to convert the battery voltage output from the power battery 12 into three-phase AC power, with each bridge arm corresponding to one phase of the three-phase AC power. The MCU111 outputs the three-phase AC power to the motor 13, causing the motor windings N1 through N3 to generate a spatial rotating magnetic field, thereby driving the motor rotor to rotate and converting electrical energy into mechanical energy.

[0113] It should be noted that the switching transistors in this application embodiment can be one or more of various types of switching transistors, such as relays, metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), bipolar junction transistors (BJTs), and insulated-gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs). These types will not be listed individually in this application embodiment. Each switching transistor can include a first electrode, a second electrode, and a control electrode, wherein the control electrode is used to control the switching transistor's on or off state. When the switching transistor is on, current can be transferred between the first and second electrodes; when the switching transistor is off, no current can be transferred between the first and second electrodes. Taking an IGBT as an example, in this application embodiment, the first electrode of the switching transistor can be the collector, the second electrode can be the emitter, and the control electrode can be the gate electrode.

[0114] Generally speaking, such as Figure 2 As shown, switches K2 and K5 can also be provided between the power battery 12 and the MCU 111. For example, switches K2 and K5 can be relays. Switches K2 and K5 can be integrated into the battery pack with the power battery 12, or they can be set independently. This application embodiment does not impose many restrictions on this.

[0115] One end of switch K2 is connected to the anode of power battery 12, and the other end of switch K2 is connected to the high-potential terminals of the three bridge arms. One end of switch K5 is connected to the cathode of power battery 12, and the other end of switch K5 is connected to the low-potential terminals of the three bridge arms. When switches K2 and K5 are on, power battery 12 can supply power to MCU 111. When switches K2 and K5 are off, power battery 12 stops supplying power to MCU 111.

[0116] As described above regarding MCU111 and motor 13, MCU111 includes N bridge arms, and motor 13 includes N windings. Each of the N bridge arms and N windings is connected in a one-to-one correspondence, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1. It is understood that when electric vehicle 10 is charging, it typically does not need to move; that is, MCU111 does not need to provide three-phase power to motor 13 at this time. Therefore, this embodiment of the application can reuse the N bridge arms in the MCU and the N motor windings in the motor 13 for charging without affecting the driving function of electric vehicle 10.

[0117] The charging system 11 provided in the embodiments of this application will be further illustrated by the following examples.

[0118] Example 1

[0119] For example, the charging system 11 provided in this application embodiment includes an MCU 111 and a motor 13. The MCU 111 includes N bridge arms, and the motor 13 includes N motor windings. The N bridge arms and the N motor windings are connected one-to-one, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0120] Taking N=3 as an example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the charging system 11 includes an MCU 111 and a motor 13. The first battery terminal of the charging system 11 is connected to the positive terminal of the power battery 12, the second battery terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the power battery 12, the first power supply terminal of the charging system 11 is connected to the positive terminal of the DC power supply, and the second power supply terminal of the charging system 11 is connected to the negative terminal of the DC power supply.

[0121] The DC power source can be a charging pile, another electric vehicle, etc., and this application embodiment does not impose many limitations on this. The DC power source can output a power supply voltage. The charging system 11 receives the power supply voltage through a first power supply terminal and a second power supply terminal, converts the power supply voltage into a first output voltage adapted to the power battery 12, and outputs it to the power battery 12 through the first battery terminal and the second battery terminal. The power battery 12 can then receive the first output voltage provided by the charging system 11, thereby completing the charging process.

[0122] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, MCU111 includes three bridge arms, and motor 13 includes three motor windings (N1 to N3). The three bridge arms of MCU111 are connected one-to-one with motor windings N1 to N3, respectively. The specific connection method is as follows: Figure 2 The same applies, so I will not elaborate further.

[0123] In this embodiment, the high-potential terminals of the three bridge arms of the MCU111 are also connected to the first power supply terminal, and the connection points of the motor windings N1 to N3 are also connected to the second power supply terminal. In this case, the three bridge arms of the MCU111 and the motor windings N1 to N3 can constitute a voltage conversion circuit, allowing the MCU111 to control the conduction and cutoff of each of the switching transistors T1 to T6, thereby enabling the voltage conversion circuit to convert the power supply voltage.

[0124] Therefore, when the power supply voltage is less than the minimum charging voltage of the power battery 12, the MCU111 can use the voltage conversion circuit to boost the power supply voltage and output the boosted power supply voltage as the first output voltage to the power battery. The first output voltage is not less than the minimum charging voltage of the power battery 12.

[0125] For example, if the power supply voltage is 500V, the minimum charging voltage of the power battery 12 is 960V. The MCU111 can boost and convert the power supply voltage to 960V or higher, thereby providing a suitable first output voltage for the power battery 12, enabling the power battery 12 to complete charging.

[0126] Generally speaking, such as Figure 3 As shown, the charging system 11 also includes switches K3 and K4. Switches K3 and K4 can also be referred to as fast contactors. One end of switch K3 is connected to the connection point of the motor windings N1 to N3, and the other end of switch K3 is connected to the second power supply terminal. One end of switch K4 is connected to the high-potential terminal of the three bridge arms, and the other end of switch K4 is connected to the first power supply terminal. When switches K3 and K4 are turned on, the DC power supply can provide power to the charging system 11. When switches K3 and K4 are turned off, the DC power supply can stop providing power to the charging system 11.

[0127] Next, taking bridge arm 3, which includes switching transistors T5 and T6, as an example, the boost conversion process will be further illustrated. The midpoint of bridge arm 3 is the connection point between switching transistors T5 and T6. The midpoint of bridge arm 3 is connected to one end of motor winding N3, and the other end of motor winding N3 is connected to the second power supply terminal. The boost conversion of the power supply voltage mainly includes the following two stages:

[0128] Phase 1: Charging of motor winding N3

[0129] MCU111 can turn on switch T5 to charge the motor winding N3 connected to bridge arm 3. Understandably, switch T6 is off at this time. Figure 4 As shown, the current is input from the first power supply terminal, passes through switch T5, and reaches the motor winding N3, thereby charging the motor winding N3.

[0130] Phase 2: Discharge of motor winding N3

[0131] MCU111 can turn off switch T5, preventing motor winding N3 from receiving current through switch T5. Due to the freewheeling characteristic of the inductor, motor winding N3 begins to discharge. Figure 5 As shown, the current is output from the end of the motor winding N3 closest to the second power supply terminal, and after being transmitted through the DC power supply, the power battery 12, and the diode in the switching transistor T6, it flows back to the end of the motor winding N3 closest to the second switching transistor. During this process, the first output voltage of the charging system 11 is the sum of the DC power supply voltage and the voltage of the motor winding N3. It can be understood that the first output voltage is greater than the DC power supply voltage, thus achieving a boost conversion.

[0132] It is understandable that when the DC power supply has a high power rating, the MCU111 can also synchronously control multiple bridge arms for boost conversion. For example, the MCU111 can synchronously control the on and off of switches T1, T3, and T5, enabling motor windings N1 to N3 to charge and discharge synchronously. In this case, it is equivalent to the three motor windings working in parallel, thus supporting voltage conversion in high-power scenarios.

[0133] In summary, the charging system 11 in this embodiment can boost the voltage of a DC power supply, thereby charging the high-voltage power battery 12 and improving the convenience of charging the high-voltage power battery 12. Furthermore, by reusing N bridge arms in the MCU 111 and N motor windings in the motor 13, this embodiment also helps to reduce the space and cost occupied by the charging system 11.

[0134] It is understandable that the power supply voltage provided by the DC power source may also be within the charging voltage range of the power battery 12. For example, if the charging voltage range of the power battery 12 is 700-1000V and the power supply voltage of the DC power source (charging pile) is 800V, then there is no need to perform voltage boosting conversion.

[0135] To ensure compatibility with this scenario, such as Figure 6 As shown, the charging system 11 provided in this embodiment may further include a switch K1. A first terminal of switch K1 is connected to a second battery terminal, and a second terminal of switch K1 is connected to a second power supply terminal. MCU 111 can control the on / off state of switch K1. Specifically, MCU 111 can turn on switch K1 when the power supply voltage is within the charging voltage range of the power battery 12, and turn off switch K1 when the power supply voltage is outside the charging voltage range of the power battery 12.

[0136] The scenario where the power supply voltage is within the charging voltage range of the power battery 12 can be either the power supply voltage equal to the minimum charging voltage of the power battery 12, the power supply voltage equal to the maximum charging voltage of the power battery 12, or the power supply voltage greater than the minimum charging voltage of the power battery 12 but less than the maximum charging voltage of the power battery 12. The scenario where the power supply voltage is outside the charging voltage range of the power battery 12 can be either the power supply voltage less than the minimum charging voltage of the power battery 12 or the power supply voltage greater than the maximum charging voltage of the power battery 12.

[0137] like Figure 6As shown, switch K5 is on by default when the power battery 12 is charging. When switch K1 is on, the power battery 12 can be directly connected to the DC power supply, and therefore can directly receive the power supply voltage provided by the DC power supply to complete the charging. Therefore, MCU111 can turn on switch K1 when the power supply voltage is within the charging voltage range of the power battery 12.

[0138] When switch K1 is turned off Figure 6 The charging system 11 shown is equivalent to Figure 3 The charging system 11 shown here has an MCU 111 that can perform boost conversion of the power supply voltage, which will not be described in detail here.

[0139] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, the charging system 11 may further include a filter capacitor C1, one end of which is connected to the first battery terminal, and the other end of which is connected to the second battery terminal. When charging the power battery 12, the filter capacitor C1 can filter the first output voltage.

[0140] Similarly, such as Figure 3 As shown, the charging system 11 may further include a filter capacitor C2, one end of which is connected to the first power supply terminal, and the other end of which is connected to the second power supply terminal. When charging the power battery 12, the filter capacitor C2 can filter the received power supply voltage.

[0141] As mentioned earlier, motor windings N1 to N3 need to store electrical energy during boost conversion. However, in some motors, the inductance of motor windings N1 to N3 may be insufficient to support boost conversion. Therefore, as... Figure 7 As shown, the charging system 11 may also include an inductor L1, one end of which is connected to the connection point of N motor windings, and the other end of which is connected to the second power supply terminal.

[0142] Taking motor winding N3 as an example, inductor L1 can also be charged when motor winding N3 is charging. Similarly, inductor L1 can also be discharged when motor winding N3 is discharging. At this time, the first output voltage of the charging system 11 is the sum of the power supply voltage, the voltage of motor winding N3, and the voltage of inductor L1. Therefore, increasing inductor L1 helps to increase the first output voltage, allowing it to match the power battery 12.

[0143] Example 2

[0144] With the development of electric vehicle (EV) charging and discharging technology, more and more EVs can also support discharging functions, meaning the EV can power a DC load. In some scenarios, this DC load can be another EV. For example, Figure 3As shown, the first power supply terminal of the charging system 11 can also be connected to the positive terminal of a DC load, and the second power supply terminal of the charging system 11 can also be connected to the negative terminal of a DC load.

[0145] The power battery 12 can output battery voltage to the charging system 11. When the battery voltage of the power battery 12 is greater than the maximum operating voltage of the DC load, the charging system 11 can perform a step-down conversion on the battery voltage and output the converted battery voltage as a second output voltage to the DC load. This second output voltage is not greater than the maximum operating voltage of the DC load. Wherein, when the DC load is another electric vehicle, the maximum operating voltage of the DC load can be understood as the maximum charging voltage of the power battery in that other electric vehicle.

[0146] For example, if the battery voltage of the power battery 12 is 800V and the operating voltage range of the DC load is 400-600V, then the MCU 111 can perform a step-down conversion on the battery voltage to obtain a second output voltage in the range of 400-600V. The charging system 11 then outputs this second output voltage to the DC load, thereby providing a voltage that is compatible with the DC load.

[0147] Next, with Figure 3 Taking bridge arm 3, which includes switching transistors T5 and T6, as an example, the boost conversion process will be further illustrated. It can be understood that switches K2 to K5 are conducting at this time, which will not be elaborated further. The buck conversion of the battery voltage mainly includes the following two stages:

[0148] Phase 1: Charging of motor winding N3

[0149] When MCU111 turns on switch T6, switch T5 remains off. For example... Figure 8 As shown, current is output from the positive terminal of the power battery 12, transmitted through the DC load, motor winding N3, and switching transistor T6, and then flows back to the negative terminal of the power battery 12. During this stage, the motor winding N3 is charged. The second output voltage of the charging system 11 is the difference between the battery voltage and the voltage of the motor winding N3. Obviously, the second output voltage is less than the battery voltage, therefore the charging system 11 can achieve step-down conversion of the battery voltage.

[0150] Phase 2: Discharge of motor winding N3

[0151] MCU111 can turn off switching transistor T6, thus shutting off the charging circuit for motor winding N3. Due to the freewheeling characteristic of the inductor, motor winding N3 begins to discharge. For example... Figure 9As shown, the current is output from the end of the motor winding N3 closest to the switching transistor T5, and after being transmitted through the diode in the switching transistor T5 and the DC load, it flows back to the end of the motor winding N3 closest to the second power supply terminal. During this process, the second output voltage of the charging system 11 is the voltage of the motor winding N3. Obviously, the voltage of the motor winding N3 is less than the battery voltage, so the charging system 11 can achieve a step-down conversion of the battery voltage.

[0152] It is understandable that when the output power of the power battery 12 is relatively high, the MCU111 can also synchronously control multiple bridge arms to perform boost conversion. For example, the MCU111 can synchronously control the on and off of switches T2, T4, and T6, so that the motor windings N1 to N3 are charged and discharged synchronously. In this case, it is equivalent to the three motor windings working in parallel, thus supporting voltage conversion in high-power scenarios.

[0153] It should be pointed out that, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 The charging system 11 shown is also suitable for step-down conversion of battery voltage, which will not be described in detail here.

[0154] by Figure 6 For example, when the battery voltage is within the operating voltage range of the DC load, MCU111 can turn on switch K1, allowing the power battery 12 to directly supply power to the DC load. When the battery voltage is outside the operating voltage range of the DC load, MCU111 can turn off switch K1, allowing MCU111 to perform voltage conversion on the battery voltage.

[0155] The scenario where the battery voltage is within the operating voltage range of the DC load can be either the battery voltage equal to the minimum operating voltage of the DC load, the battery voltage equal to the maximum operating voltage of the DC load, or the battery voltage greater than the minimum operating voltage of the DC load but less than the maximum operating voltage of the DC load. The scenario where the battery voltage is outside the operating voltage range of the DC load can be either the battery voltage less than the minimum operating voltage of the DC load or the battery voltage greater than the maximum operating voltage of the DC load.

[0156] Example 3

[0157] As mentioned earlier, both low-voltage and high-voltage charging stations exist in the market. Electric vehicles can be equipped with either high-voltage or low-voltage power batteries. Therefore, charging low-voltage power batteries with high-voltage charging stations will be a common scenario.

[0158] In view of this, this application embodiment also provides a charging system 11. The connection relationship between the charging system 11, the DC power supply, and the power battery 12 is the same as in the above embodiments, and will not be described again. When the power supply voltage of the DC power supply is greater than the maximum charging voltage of the power battery 12, the charging system 11 can perform a step-down conversion of the power supply voltage, thereby providing the power battery 12 with a first output voltage not greater than the maximum charging voltage. When the power supply voltage of the DC power supply is less than the minimum charging voltage of the power battery 12, the charging system 11 can perform a step-up conversion of the power supply voltage, thereby providing the power battery 12 with a first output voltage not less than the minimum charging voltage.

[0159] For example, such as Figure 10 As shown, the charging system 11 in this embodiment can be implemented by reusing N bridge arms in MCU 111 and N motor windings in motor 13. Figure 10 Taking N=3 as an example, the circuit structure of N bridge arms and N motors will not be described in detail. In addition, the charging system 11 may also include switches K1 and K2. The first terminal of switch K1 is connected to the second battery terminal of the charging system 11, and the second terminal of switch K1 is connected to the second power supply terminal. Switch K2 is a single-pole double-throw switch, wherein the first terminal of switch K2 is connected to the first battery terminal, the second terminal a of switch K2 is connected to the connection point of the N motor windings, and the third terminal b of switch K2 is connected to the first power supply terminal.

[0160] It should be noted that switch K2 can be set independently of the power battery 12. In this case, the first terminal of switch K2 can be understood as the first battery terminal of charging system 11. It can also be understood that switch K2 can be integrated with the power battery 12 in the power battery pack. In this case, the charging system 11 provided in this application embodiment can be considered to include two first battery terminals, one of which is connected to the second terminal a of switch K2, and the other first battery terminal is connected to the third terminal b of switch K2.

[0161] Next, with Figure 10 Taking this as an example, we will explain the step-down and step-up conversion of power supply voltage respectively.

[0162] I. Step-down conversion

[0163] During the buck conversion process, MCU111 can turn on switch K1, as well as the first and second terminals a of switch K2. The circuit state can be as follows: Figure 11 As shown. It should be noted that in some scenarios, the charging system 11 may also include switches K3 to K5. In this case, switches K4 and K5 should be kept on, while switch K3 should be kept off. Based on Figure 11 The circuit shown, taking bridge arm 3 including switching transistors T5 and 6 as an example, mainly includes the following steps in the buck conversion process:

[0164] Phase 1: Charging of motor winding N3

[0165] MCU111 turns on switch T5 to charge motor winding N3. For example... Figure 12 As shown, current is output from the positive terminal of the DC power supply, transmitted through the switching transistor T5, motor winding N3, switch K2, and power battery 12, and then flows back to the negative terminal of the DC power supply, thus forming a charging circuit to charge motor winding N3. During this process, the first output voltage of the charging system 11 is the difference between the power supply voltage and the voltage of motor winding N3. Clearly, the first output voltage is less than the power supply voltage, therefore the charging system 11 can achieve step-down conversion.

[0166] Phase 2: Discharge of motor winding N3

[0167] MCU111 turns off switching transistor T5, allowing motor winding N3 to discharge. Specifically, after MCU111 turns off switching transistor T5, the charging circuit is shut off. Due to the freewheeling characteristic of the inductor, motor winding N3 discharges. Figure 13 As shown, the current is output from the end of the motor winding N3 closest to the second power supply terminal, and after being transmitted through switch K2, the power battery 12, and the diode in the switching transistor T6, it flows back to the end of the motor winding N3 closest to the switching transistor T6. During this process, the first output voltage of the charging system 11 is the voltage of the motor winding N3. Obviously, the first output voltage is less than the power supply voltage, so the charging system 11 can perform a step-down conversion of the power supply voltage.

[0168] II. Boost Conversion

[0169] like Figure 10 As shown, the charging system 11 may also include a switch K3. The first terminal of switch K3 is connected to the connection point of motor windings N1 to N3, and the second terminal of switch K3 is connected to the second power supply terminal. During the boost conversion process, MCU 111 can turn on the first and third terminals b of switch K2, turn on switch K3, and turn off switch K1. The circuit state can be as follows: Figure 14 As shown. By Figure 14 It can be seen that the circuit state in this case is equivalent to Figure 3 The charging system 11 shown can be referred to the boost conversion process provided in Embodiment 1 above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0170] also, Figure 10 The charging system 11 shown can also support voltage conversion in buck-boost mode for the power supply voltage.

[0171] Specifically:

[0172] III. Buck-boost

[0173] When performing buck-boost conversion on the power supply voltage, MCU111 can turn on the first and second terminals a of switch K2, as well as switch K3. The circuit state can be as follows: Figure 15 As shown. Based on Figure 15 The circuit state shown indicates that the buck-boost transformation mainly includes the following two stages:

[0174] Phase 1: Charging of motor winding N3

[0175] MCU111 turns on switch T5 to charge motor winding N3. For example... Figure 16 As shown, the current is output from the positive terminal of the DC power supply, transmitted through the switching transistor T5 and the motor winding N3, and then flows back to the negative terminal of the DC power supply, thus forming the charging circuit of the motor winding N3.

[0176] Phase 2: Discharge of motor winding N3

[0177] MCU111 turns off switch T5 to allow motor winding N3 to discharge. For example... Figure 17 As shown, current is output from the end of motor winding N3 closest to the second power supply terminal, and after passing through switch K2, power battery 12, and the diode in switching transistor T6, it flows back to the end of motor winding N3 closest to switching transistor T6. Therefore, the first output voltage of charging system 11 is equal to the voltage of motor winding N3. MCU 111 can control the voltage of motor winding N3 by controlling the charging time of motor winding N3 in stage one, thereby controlling the magnitude of the first output voltage, which may be greater than or less than the power supply voltage.

[0178] Similar to Embodiment 1, when the DC power supply voltage is within the charging voltage range of the power battery 12, the MCU 111 can also turn on the first and third terminals b of switch K2, as well as switch K1, so that the power battery 12 can directly receive the power supply voltage and thus complete charging. For specific implementation details, please refer to Embodiment 1; further explanation is not provided here.

[0179] Example 4

[0180] It should be pointed out that, Figure 10 The charging system 11 shown can also support the discharge function of the electric vehicle 10. When the electric vehicle 10 is discharging, the connection relationship between the charging system 11, the power battery 12, and the DC load is similar to that in Embodiment 2, and will not be described again.

[0181] The difference from Example 2 is that, Figure 10The provided charging system 10 can not only step down the battery voltage, but also step up the battery voltage, so that the battery voltage output by both the high-voltage and low-voltage power batteries can be adapted to DC loads with different operating voltage ranges.

[0182] Next, with Figure 10 Taking this as an example, we will explain the boost and buck conversion of battery voltage respectively.

[0183] I. Boost Conversion

[0184] During the boost conversion process, MCU111 can turn on switch K1, as well as the first and second terminals a of switch K2. The circuit state can be as follows: Figure 11 As shown. Based on Figure 11 The circuit shown, taking bridge arm 3 including switching transistors T5 and 6 as an example, mainly includes the boost conversion process as follows:

[0185] Phase 1: Charging of motor winding N3

[0186] MCU111 turns on switch T6 to charge motor winding N3. For example... Figure 18 As shown, the current is output from the positive terminal of the power battery 12, transmitted through switch K2, motor winding N3 and switching tube T6, and then flows back to the negative terminal of the power battery 12, thus forming a charging circuit to charge the motor winding N3.

[0187] Phase 2: Discharge of motor winding N3

[0188] MCU111 turns off switch T6, allowing motor winding N3 to discharge. After MCU111 turns off switch T6, the charging circuit is shut off. Due to the freewheeling characteristic of the inductor, motor winding N3 discharges. Figure 19 As shown, current is output from the positive terminal of the power battery 12, and after passing through switch K2, motor winding N3, the diode in switching transistor T5, and the DC load, it flows back to the negative terminal of the power battery 12. During this process, the second output voltage of the charging system 11 is the sum of the battery voltage of the power battery 12 and the voltage of the motor winding N3. Clearly, the second output voltage is greater than the battery voltage; therefore, the charging system 11 can perform a boost conversion of the battery voltage.

[0189] II. Voltage Reduction Conversion

[0190] like Figure 10 As shown, the charging system 11 may also include a switch K3. The first terminal of switch K3 is connected to the connection point of motor windings N1 to N3, and the second terminal of switch K3 is connected to the second power supply terminal. During the buck conversion process, MCU 111 can turn on the first and third terminals b of switch K2, turn on switch K3, and turn off switch K1. The circuit state can be as follows: Figure 14 As shown. By Figure 14 It can be seen that the circuit state in this case is equivalent to Figure 3 The charging system 11 shown can be referred to the step-down conversion process provided in Embodiment 2 above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0191] also, Figure 10 The charging system 11 shown can also support buck-boost mode voltage conversion for the battery voltage. Specifically:

[0192] III. Buck-boost

[0193] When performing buck-boost conversion on the battery voltage, MCU111 can turn on the first and second terminals a of switch K2, as well as switch K3. The circuit state can be as follows: Figure 15 As shown. Based on Figure 15 The circuit state shown indicates that the buck-boost transformation mainly includes the following two stages:

[0194] Phase 1: Charging of motor winding N3

[0195] MCU111 turns on switch T6 to charge motor winding N3. For example... Figure 20 As shown, the current is output from the positive terminal of the power battery 12, transmitted through switch K2, motor winding N3 and switching tube T6, and then flows back to the negative terminal of the power battery 12, thus forming the charging circuit of motor winding N3.

[0196] Phase 2: Discharge of motor winding N3

[0197] MCU111 turns off switch T6 to allow motor winding N3 to discharge. For example... Figure 21 As shown, the current is output from the end of the motor winding N3 closest to the switching transistor T5, and after being transmitted through the diode in the switching transistor T5 and the DC load, it flows back to the end of the motor winding N3 closest to the second power supply terminal. Therefore, the second output voltage of the charging system 11 is equal to the voltage of the motor winding N3. By controlling the charging time of the motor winding N3 in stage one, the MCU 111 can control the voltage of the motor winding N3, thereby controlling the magnitude of the second output voltage, which may be greater than or less than the battery voltage.

[0198] Similar to Embodiment 2, when the battery voltage of the power battery 12 is within the operating voltage range of the DC load, the MCU 111 can also turn on the first and third terminals b of switch K2, as well as switch K1, so that the power battery 12 can directly supply power to the DC load. For specific implementation details, please refer to Embodiment 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0199] Example 5

[0200] In embodiments three and four, the connection points of the N motor windings are connected to the second power supply terminal. Based on a similar concept, the connection points of the N motor windings can also be connected to the first power supply terminal. In this case, the charging system 11 can function as follows: Figure 22 As shown.

[0201] The charging system 11 also includes switches K5 and K6. Switch K5 is a single-pole double-throw switch. The first terminal of switch K5 is connected to the second battery terminal, the second terminal a of switch K5 is connected to the low-potential terminals of the N bridge arms, and the third terminal b of switch K5 is connected to the connection point of the N motor windings. The second terminal of switch K6 is connected to the second power supply terminal, and the first terminal of switch K6 is connected to both the first battery terminal and the first power supply terminal.

[0202] It should be noted that switch K5 can be set independently of the power battery 12. In this case, the first terminal of switch K5 can be understood as the second battery terminal of charging system 11. It can also be understood that switch K5 can be integrated with the power battery 12 in the power battery pack. In this case, the charging system 11 provided in this application embodiment can be considered to include two second battery terminals, one of which is connected to the second terminal a of switch K5, and the other second battery terminal is connected to the third terminal b of switch K5.

[0203] Next, with Figure 22 Taking this as an example, we will explain the step-down and step-up conversion of power supply voltage respectively.

[0204] I. Step-down conversion

[0205] When the power supply voltage exceeds the maximum charging voltage of the power battery 12, the MCU111 can perform a step-down conversion of the power supply voltage. During the step-down conversion process, the MCU111 can turn on switch K6, as well as the first and third terminals b of switch K5. The circuit state can be as follows: Figure 23 As shown. It should be noted that in some scenarios, the charging system 11 may also include switches K2 to K4. In this case, switches K2 and K3 should be kept on, and switch K4 should be kept off. Based on Figure 23 The circuit shown, taking bridge arm 3 including switching transistors T5 and 6 as an example, mainly includes the following steps in the buck conversion process:

[0206] Phase 1: Charging of motor winding N3

[0207] MCU111 turns on switch T6 to charge motor winding N3. For example... Figure 24As shown, current is output from the positive terminal of the DC power supply, transmitted through the power battery 12, switch K5, motor winding N3, and switching transistor T6, and then flows back to the negative terminal of the DC power supply, thus forming a charging circuit to charge the motor winding N3. During this process, the first output voltage of the charging system 11 is the difference between the power supply voltage and the voltage of the motor winding N3. Clearly, the first output voltage is less than the power supply voltage, therefore the charging system 11 can achieve step-down conversion.

[0208] Phase 2: Discharge of motor winding N3

[0209] MCU111 turns off switch T6, allowing motor winding N3 to discharge. The second switch is then turned off, allowing the first motor winding to discharge. Specifically, after MCU111 turns off switch T6, the charging circuit is shut off. Due to the freewheeling characteristic of the inductor, motor winding N3 discharges. Figure 25 As shown, the current output from the end of the motor winding N3 closest to the switching transistor T5 is transmitted through the diode in the switching transistor T5, the power battery 12, and the switch K5, before returning to the end of the motor winding N3 closest to the second power supply terminal. During this process, the first output voltage of the charging system 11 is the voltage of the motor winding N3. Clearly, the first output voltage is less than the power supply voltage; therefore, the charging system 11 can perform a step-down conversion of the power supply voltage.

[0210] II. Boost Conversion

[0211] like Figure 22 As shown, the charging system 11 may also include a switch K4. The first terminal of switch K4 is connected to the connection terminals of the N motor windings, and the second terminal of switch K4 is connected to the first power supply terminal. During the boost conversion process, MCU 111 can turn on the first and second terminals a of switch K5, turn on switch K4, and turn off switch K6. The circuit state can be as follows: Figure 26 As shown. By Figure 26 It can be seen that the circuit state in this case is equivalent to Figure 3 The charging system 11 shown can be referred to the boost conversion process provided in Embodiment 1 above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0212] also, Figure 22 The charging system 11 shown can also support voltage conversion in buck-boost mode for the power supply voltage.

[0213] Specifically:

[0214] III. Buck-boost

[0215] When performing buck-boost conversion on the power supply voltage, MCU111 can turn on the first and third terminals b of switch K5, as well as switch K4. The circuit state can be as follows: Figure 27As shown. Based on Figure 27 The circuit state shown indicates that the buck-boost transformation mainly includes the following two stages:

[0216] Phase 1: Charging of motor winding N3

[0217] MCU111 turns on switch T6 to charge motor winding N3. For example... Figure 28 As shown, the current is output from the positive terminal of the DC power supply, transmitted through the motor winding N3 and the switching transistor T6, and then flows back to the negative terminal of the DC power supply, thus forming the charging circuit of the motor winding N3.

[0218] Phase 2: Discharge of motor winding N3

[0219] MCU111 turns off switch T5 to allow motor winding N3 to discharge. For example... Figure 29 As shown, the current is output from the end of the motor winding N3 closest to the switching transistor T5, and after passing through the diode in the switching transistor T5, the power battery 12, and the switch K5, it flows back to the end of the motor winding N3 closest to the first power supply terminal. Therefore, the first output voltage of the charging system 11 is equal to the voltage of the motor winding N3. By controlling the charging time of the motor winding N3 in stage one, the MCU 111 can control the voltage of the motor winding N3, thereby controlling the magnitude of the first output voltage, which may be greater than or less than the power supply voltage.

[0220] Similar to Embodiment 1, when the DC power supply voltage is within the charging voltage range of the power battery 12, the MCU 111 can also turn on the first and second terminals a of switch K5, as well as switch K6, so that the power battery 12 can directly receive the power supply voltage and thus complete charging. For specific implementation details, please refer to Embodiment 1; further elaboration will not be repeated here.

[0221] Example 6

[0222] It should be pointed out that, Figure 22 The charging system 11 shown can not only step down the battery voltage, but also step up the battery voltage, so that the battery voltage output by both the high-voltage and low-voltage power batteries can be adapted to DC loads with different operating voltage ranges.

[0223] Next, with Figure 22 Taking this as an example, we will explain the boost and buck conversion of battery voltage respectively.

[0224] I. Boost Conversion

[0225] During the boost conversion process, MCU111 can turn on switch K6, as well as the first and third terminals b of switch K5. The circuit state can be as follows: Figure 23 As shown. Based on Figure 23 The circuit shown, taking bridge arm 3 including switching transistors T5 and 6 as an example, mainly includes the boost conversion process as follows:

[0226] Phase 1: Charging of motor winding N3

[0227] MCU111 turns on switch T5 to charge motor winding N3. For example... Figure 30 As shown, the current is output from the positive terminal of the power battery 12, transmitted through the switch T5, the motor winding N3 and the switch K5, and then flows back to the negative terminal of the power battery 12, thus forming a charging circuit to charge the motor winding N3.

[0228] Phase 2: Discharge of motor winding N3

[0229] MCU111 turns off switch T5, allowing motor winding N3 to discharge. After MCU111 turns off switch T5, the charging circuit is shut off. Due to the freewheeling characteristic of the inductor, motor winding N3 discharges. Figure 31 As shown, current is output from the positive terminal of the power battery 12, and after passing through the DC load, the diode in the switching transistor T6, the motor winding N3, and the switching transistor K5, it flows back to the negative terminal of the power battery 12. During this process, the second output voltage of the charging system 11 is the sum of the battery voltage of the power battery 12 and the voltage of the motor winding N3. Clearly, the second output voltage is greater than the battery voltage; therefore, the charging system 11 can perform a boost conversion of the battery voltage.

[0230] II. Voltage Reduction Conversion

[0231] like Figure 22 The charging system 11 may also include a switch K4. The first terminal of switch K4 is connected to the connection point of N motor windings, and the second terminal of switch K4 is connected to the first power supply terminal. During the buck conversion process, MCU 111 can turn on the first and second terminals a of switch K5, turn on switch K4, and turn off switch K6. The circuit state can be as follows: Figure 26 As shown. By Figure 26 It can be seen that the circuit state in this case is equivalent to Figure 3 The charging system 11 shown can be referred to the step-down conversion process provided in Embodiment 2 above, and will not be described in detail here.

[0232] also, Figure 22 The charging system 11 shown can also support buck-boost mode voltage conversion for the battery voltage. Specifically:

[0233] III. Buck-boost

[0234] When performing buck-boost conversion on the battery voltage, MCU111 can turn on the first and third terminals b of switch K5, as well as switch K4. The circuit state can be as follows: Figure 27 As shown. Based on Figure 27 The circuit state shown indicates that the buck-boost transformation mainly includes the following two stages:

[0235] Phase 1: Charging of motor winding N3

[0236] MCU111 turns on switch T5 to charge motor winding N3. For example... Figure 32 As shown, the current is output from the positive terminal of the power battery 12, transmitted through the switch T5, the motor winding N3 and the switch K5, and then flows back to the negative terminal of the power battery 12, thus forming the charging circuit of the motor winding N3.

[0237] Phase 2: Discharge of motor winding N3

[0238] MCU111 turns off switch T5 to allow motor winding N3 to discharge. For example... Figure 33 As shown, the current is output from the end of motor winding N3 closest to the first power supply terminal, and after being transmitted through the DC load and the diode in switching transistor T6, it flows back to the end of motor winding N3 closest to switching transistor T6. Therefore, the second output voltage of charging system 11 is equal to the voltage of motor winding N3. MCU 111 can control the voltage of motor winding N3 by controlling the charging time of motor winding N3 in stage one, thereby controlling the magnitude of the second output voltage, which may be greater than or less than the battery voltage.

[0239] Similar to Embodiment 2, when the battery voltage of the power battery 12 is within the operating voltage range of the DC load, the MCU 111 can also turn on the first and second terminals a of switch K5, as well as switch K6, so that the power battery 12 can directly supply power to the DC load. For specific implementation details, please refer to Embodiment 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0240] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A power supply device characterized by comprising: The power supply device is used for receiving the voltage of the direct current power supply through the first power supply end and the second power supply end and charging the power battery through the first battery end and the second battery end, the first battery end is used for connecting the positive electrode of the power battery, the second battery end is used for connecting the negative electrode of the power battery, and the power supply device comprises: Three bridge arms are used for converting the battery voltage output by the power battery into three-phase alternating current to drive the motor to operate, one end of the three-phase winding of the motor is used for one-to-one corresponding connection with the middle point of the three bridge arms, and the other end of the three-phase winding of the motor is connected with each other; The second switch is used for connecting the first battery end and the high potential end of the three bridge arms; The third switch is used for connecting the second power supply end and the low potential end of the three bridge arms; The fourth switch is used for connecting the other end of the three-phase winding and the first power supply end; The fifth switch of the power supply device is used for connecting the second battery end, the second end of the fifth switch is used for connecting the low potential end of the three bridge arms, and the third end B of the fifth switch is used for connecting the other end of the three-phase winding of the motor; The sixth switch is used for connecting the first battery end and the first power supply end; In the case that the first power supply end is used for connecting the positive electrode of the direct current power supply and the second power supply end is used for connecting the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, the voltage of the direct current power supply is greater than the maximum charging voltage of the power battery, when the second switch, the third switch, the sixth switch and the first end and the third end of the fifth switch are in the conducting state, and the fourth switch is in the disconnected state, the power supply device controls the conduction and shutdown of the switch tube close to the low potential end in any phase bridge arm of the three-phase bridge arm, so that the direct current power supply charges the power battery, when any one of the second switch, the third switch, the sixth switch and the first end and the third end of the fifth switch is in the disconnected state, the direct current power supply stops charging the power battery; In the case that the first power supply end is used for connecting the positive electrode of the direct current power supply and the second power supply end is used for connecting the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, the voltage of the direct current power supply is less than the minimum charging voltage of the power battery, when the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch and the first end and the second end of the fifth switch are in the conducting state, and the sixth switch is in the disconnected state, the power supply device controls the conduction and shutdown of the switch tube close to the low potential end in any phase bridge arm of the three-phase bridge arm, so that the direct current power supply charges the power battery, when the second switch is in the disconnected state, the direct current power supply stops charging the power battery.

2. The power supply device according to claim 1, characterized by In the case that the first power supply end is used for connecting the positive electrode of the direct current power supply and the second power supply end is used for connecting the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, the voltage of the direct current power supply is greater than the maximum charging voltage of the power battery: When the first end and the third end of the second switch, the third switch and the fifth switch are in the conducting state, the power supply device controls the switch tube near the low potential end on any phase bridge arm of the three-phase bridge arm and the fourth switch to be conducting, controls the sixth switch to be open, and the DC power source charges the winding corresponding to the any bridge arm in the three-phase winding; after a first preset time, the power supply device controls the switch tube near the low potential end on any phase bridge arm of the three-phase bridge arm and the fourth switch to be open, controls the switch tube near the high potential end on any phase bridge arm of the three-phase bridge arm and the sixth switch to be conducting, and the winding corresponding to the any bridge arm in the three-phase winding charges the power battery; When any one of the first end and the third end of the second switch, the third switch and the fifth switch is in the open state, the DC power source stops charging the power battery.

3. The power supply device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by In the case that the first power supply end is used for connecting the negative pole of the DC power source and the second power supply end is used for connecting the positive pole of the DC power source: When the first end and the second end of the second switch, the third switch, the fourth switch and the fifth switch are in the conducting state and the sixth switch is in the open state, the DC power source voltage is greater than the maximum charging voltage of the power battery, the power supply device controls the conducting and open of the switch tube near the high potential end on any phase bridge arm of the three-phase bridge arm to make the DC power source charge the power battery, and when any one of the second switch and the fifth switch is in the open state, the DC power source stops charging the power battery; When the third switch and the fourth switch are in the conducting state and the second switch, the fifth switch and the sixth switch are in the open state, the DC power source voltage is less than the minimum charging voltage of the power battery, the power supply device controls the conducting of the switch tube near the low potential end on the first bridge arm to make the DC power source charge the first winding, after a second preset time, when the third switch is in the open state and the first end and the second end of the second switch, the fourth switch, the sixth switch and the fifth switch are in the conducting state, the first winding charges the power battery, and when the second switch or the fifth switch is in the open state, the DC power source stops charging the power battery.

4. The power supply device according to claim 1, in the case that the DC power source voltage is less than the minimum charging voltage of the power battery and the maximum charging power of the power battery is greater than a preset power, when the DC power source is used to charge the power battery: The power supply device is used for controlling the switch tube near the low potential end of each phase bridge arm of the three-phase bridge arm to be turned on so that the three-phase windings of the motor are all charged, and the charging time of the three-phase windings of the motor is greater than a third preset time length. The power supply device is used for controlling the switch tube near the low potential end of each phase bridge arm to be turned off so that the three-phase windings of the motor are charged to the power battery.

5. The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by The power supply device is used for receiving the voltage of the power battery through the first battery end and the second battery end, and is used for charging a direct current load through the first power supply end and the second power supply end. When the first power supply end is used for connecting the positive electrode of the direct current load and the second power supply end is used for connecting the negative electrode of the direct current load, in the case that the minimum working voltage of the direct current load is greater than the voltage of the power battery: When the first end and the third end of the second switch, the third switch and the fifth switch are in the on state, the power supply device controls the sixth switch and the fourth switch to be in the off state. The power supply device controls the switch tube near the high potential end of any phase bridge arm in the three-phase bridge arm to be turned on and turned off. The direct current power supply charges the winding corresponding to the any bridge arm in the three-phase winding. After a fourth preset time length, the power supply device controls the switch tube near the high potential end of any phase bridge arm in the three-phase bridge arm to be turned off. The power supply device controls the switch tube near the low potential end of the any phase bridge arm in the three-phase bridge arm and the sixth switch to be turned on. The winding corresponding to the any bridge arm in the three-phase winding supplies power to the direct current load. When any one of the first end and the third end of the second switch or the fifth switch is in the off state, the direct current power supply stops charging the power battery.

6. The power supply device according to claim 5, wherein In the case that the minimum working voltage of the direct current load is less than the voltage of the power battery: When the first end and the third end of the second switch, the third switch and the fifth switch are in the on state, the power supply device controls the sixth switch and the fourth switch to be in the off state. The power supply device controls the switch tube near the high potential end of any phase bridge arm in the three-phase bridge arm to be turned on and turned off. The direct current power supply charges the winding corresponding to the any bridge arm in the three-phase winding. After a fourth preset time length, the power supply device controls the switch tube near the high potential end of any phase bridge arm in the three-phase bridge arm to be turned off. The power supply device controls the switch tube near the low potential end of the any phase bridge arm in the three-phase bridge arm and the sixth switch to be turned on. The winding corresponding to the any bridge arm in the three-phase winding supplies power to the direct current load. When the second switch or the third switch is in the off state, the power battery stops charging the direct current load.

7. The power supply device of claim 5, wherein when the minimum operating voltage of the DC load is greater than the voltage of the power battery and the maximum power of the DC load is greater than the second preset power, the power battery is used to supply power to the DC load, and the power supply device is configured to control the switch tube on each phase arm of the three-phase bridge arm near the high potential end to be turned on so that the three-phase winding of the motor is charged, and the charging time of the three-phase winding of the motor is greater than the fifth preset time, the power supply device is configured to control the switch tube on each phase arm near the high potential end to be turned off, and control the switch tube on any phase arm of the three-phase bridge arm near the low potential end to be turned on, so that the three-phase winding of the motor supplies power to the DC load. The power assembly comprises a motor and the power supply device of any one of claims 1-7, and the power supply device is configured to receive the voltage of the vehicle-mounted power battery and output three-phase alternating current to drive the motor to rotate.

8. A powertrain characterized by, ​

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