Safety emergency automatic switching device of blowout preventer

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of blowout preventers, and particularly relates to a blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switching device which is used for being installed on a blowout preventer and comprises a torque output mechanism, a linkage mechanism and a power device. The torque output mechanisms are arranged on the two sides of the blowout preventer and used for being in transmission connection with hexagonal operation heads on the corresponding sides of the blowout preventer. The linkage mechanism is in transmission fit with the torque output mechanisms on the two sides of the blowout preventer so that the torque output mechanisms can synchronously output torque to drive the flashboards on the two sides of the blowout preventer to synchronously move in the same direction or in the opposite directions. The power device is connected with the linkage mechanism and / or one torque output mechanism; and the distance between the output ends of the two corresponding torque output mechanisms in the movement direction of the gate plate is adjustable. The aim that one device is adaptive to blowout preventers of various specifications is achieved, and the universality is high; the central positions of the left and right flashboards and the blowout preventer can be finely adjusted to ensure that the central line of the oil pipe is coaxial with the central line of the blowout preventer; and meanwhile, the opening and closing state of the gate plate can be remotely monitored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of blowout preventers, and in particular relates to a safety emergency automatic switch device for a blowout preventer. Background Art

[0002] Blowout preventers are an important component of oil drilling and workover equipment. They are used to close the wellhead during operations such as oil testing, well workover, and completion to prevent blowout accidents. They combine the functions of full sealing and semi-sealing into one, and have the characteristics of simple structure, easy operation, and high pressure resistance. They are commonly used safety sealing wellhead devices in oil fields to prevent blowouts.

[0003] The opening and closing of the gates on both sides of a traditional blowout preventer requires two people to operate. Specifically, two operators use a wrench to simultaneously turn the hexagons on the corresponding gate side. Due to the limitations of the synchronization of personnel operations, the movement speeds of the gates on both sides of the blowout preventer are easily inconsistent, resulting in the center line of the oil pipe and the center line of the blowout preventer being misaligned, resulting in uneven clamping force on the oil pipe when the left and right gates are closed, and the gate rubber core cannot fully fit the oil pipe surface. The oil pipe is subjected to radial bending moment when passing through the blowout preventer. Long-term operation may cause fatigue cracks in the oil pipe. In addition, high-pressure well fluid or gas is easy to leak from the gap, and even cause blowouts in extreme cases.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, Chinese utility model patent application CN216922072U discloses a manual opening and closing device for a ram blowout preventer (BOP). The device comprises a gear assembly comprising a first main shaft and a second main shaft. The first main shaft passes through the center hole of a first driving wheel and is transmission-connected to the first driving wheel, while the second main shaft passes through the center hole of the second driving wheel and is transmission-connected to the second driving wheel. The first main shaft is fixedly connected to one side of a steering gear, while the other side of the steering gear is fixedly connected to the second main shaft via a connecting assembly. The first and second driving wheels respectively mesh with the first and second driven wheels for transmission. The ends of the ram BOP are respectively connected to the first and second driven wheels. The aforementioned patent connects the first and second main shafts via a steering gear and a connecting assembly, enabling the first and second driven wheels to be linked. Rotating the first main shaft causes the first and second driven wheels to rotate synchronously in opposite directions, achieving synchronized opening and closing of the rams on both sides of the BOP. This solves the problem of inconsistent movement speeds of the rams on both sides of the BOP, which is a common problem in conventional BOP systems. However, in the above patent, the distance between the first driving wheel and the second driving wheel is fixed, which also makes the positions of the first driven wheel and the second driven wheel fixed. This situation is only applicable to the opening and closing of the blowout preventer gate under a specific size and has poor versatility. In addition, the handle needs to be manually turned by personnel, which is relatively laborious. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch device to solve the technical problem that the blowout preventer switch device in the prior art has poor versatility and is difficult to be applied to the opening and closing of blowout preventers of various specifications and sizes.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch device provided by the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: BOP safety emergency automatic switch device, used to be installed on the BOP, including torque output mechanism, linkage mechanism, and power device; The torque output mechanism is provided on both sides of the blowout preventer and is used for transmission connection with the hexagonal operating head on the corresponding side of the blowout preventer; the linkage mechanism is in transmission cooperation with the torque output mechanisms on both sides of the blowout preventer so that each torque output mechanism outputs torque synchronously, driving the gates on both sides of the blowout preventer to move synchronously toward or away from each other; the power device is connected to the linkage mechanism and / or one of the torque output mechanisms; The distance between the output ends of the two torque output mechanisms corresponding to the movement direction of the gate plate is adjustable. The present invention has the beneficial effect of adjusting the distance between the output ends of the two torque output mechanisms while achieving synchronous movement of the gates on both sides of the blowout preventer. The output ends of the torque output mechanisms are used for transmission connection with hexagonal operating heads outside the gates, thus adapting to the opening and closing of the gates of blowout preventers of various sizes and specifications. Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has greater versatility, a wider range of applications, and lower operating costs.

[0007] Furthermore, a fixing part is provided on the torque output mechanism, and an adjusting piece is connected between the fixing parts of the two corresponding torque output mechanisms. The adjusting piece is fixed on the blowout preventer, and the adjusting piece is provided with an adjusting long hole extending along the movement direction of the gate plate for changing the fixed position of the torque output mechanism.

[0008] Beneficial Effects: The design of the adjustment slot provides a specific method for adjusting the distance between the output ends of the torque output mechanism on both sides. When adapting to different sizes of blowout preventers, the torque output mechanism can be slid along the adjustment slot and then secured with fasteners, making operation simple and adjustment quick.

[0009] Furthermore, the power device has two power output ends, which are respectively coupled with the torque output mechanism and the linkage mechanism on one side. The linkage mechanism and the power device are arranged between the two corresponding torque output mechanisms. The linkage mechanism is detachably connected to the power device and / or the torque output mechanism on the corresponding side.

[0010] Beneficial effects: The assembly between the linkage mechanism, the power unit and the torque output mechanism is more compact. The detachable assembly of the linkage mechanism can not only ensure the synchronous action of the torque output mechanisms on both sides during installation and realize the synchronous opening and closing of the gates on both sides of the blowout preventer, but also realize the separate adjustment of the torque output mechanisms on both sides during disassembly. The ultimate goal is to ensure that the center line of the oil pipe is coaxial with the center line of the blowout preventer.

[0011] Furthermore, the torque output mechanism includes a gearbox and a first gear, a second gear and a third gear respectively assembled in the gearbox through a first gear shaft, a second gear shaft and a third gear shaft, a fixed ear plate is provided on the outside of the gearbox, and the fixed ear plate forms the fixed part; the first gear, the second gear and the third gear are meshed with each other, and the first gear shaft is provided with a hexagonal interface that cooperates with the hexagonal operating head to prevent rotation, and the two ends of the third gear shaft respectively extend out of the gearbox.

[0012] Beneficial Effects: Multi-stage gear meshing within the gearbox amplifies the torque delivered by the power unit, providing greater driving force for the gate. This makes opening and closing the gate more effortless and reliable, resolving the "labor-intensive" issue of traditional manual operation. The hexagonal interface and the hexagonal operating head, coupled with a fixed stop, ensure smooth power transmission.

[0013] Furthermore, the linkage mechanism includes a linkage rod and a gate plate centering fine-tuning assembly, and the gate plate centering fine-tuning assembly includes a coaxially arranged transmission rod, a connecting flange and a flange sleeve, the connecting flange is coaxially fixed to the end of the transmission rod and is detachably connected to the flange sleeve, the transmission rod and the linkage rod are slidingly fitted in the movement direction of the gate plate and are stopped in the circumferential direction, and the flange sleeve and the corresponding third gear shaft are slidingly fitted in the movement direction of the gate plate and are stopped in the circumferential direction.

[0014] Beneficial effects: On the one hand, when it is necessary to match blowout preventers of different sizes, the transmission rod and the flange sleeve can be disassembled, and the length of the entire linkage mechanism in the gate movement direction can be adjusted by sliding the transmission rod or the flange sleeve to match the spacing between the output ends of the torque output mechanisms on both sides; on the other hand, after the transmission rod and the flange sleeve are disassembled, the torque output mechanisms on both sides are independent of each other, and the position of the corresponding side gate from the center of the blowout preventer can be fine-tuned through the torque output mechanism on each side to ensure that the positions of the gates on both sides are symmetrical about the center of the blowout preventer, thereby ensuring that the center line of the oil pipe is coaxial with the center line of the blowout preventer.

[0015] Furthermore, the power device includes a power box, a driving member, and an input bevel gear, a first output bevel gear, and a second output bevel gear assembled in the power box through the corresponding rotation of the input shaft, the first output shaft, and the second output shaft; the input bevel gear is simultaneously engaged with the first output bevel gear and the second output bevel gear, and the driving member is used to drive the input shaft to rotate forward and reverse; the first output shaft is in transmission cooperation with the third gear shaft on the corresponding side, and the second output shaft is in transmission cooperation with the linkage rod.

[0016] Beneficial Effects: Bevel gear meshing enables synchronized power transmission, ensuring consistent rotational speeds for the first and second output shafts, thereby driving the synchronized movement of the gear trains within the gearboxes on both sides. The forward and reverse rotation of the drive element controls the direction of the two output shafts, enabling the gate to open and close. The drive element provides a stable power source, enabling automatic gate opening and closing, reducing labor intensity and improving operational safety and efficiency.

[0017] Furthermore, a shift mechanism is also provided in the power box, which includes a shift fork, a shift power member and a clutch plate. A transfer plate is coaxially fixed below the input bevel gear, and the clutch plate is located below the transfer plate. The clutch plate is slidingly connected to the output shaft of the driving member in the up and down directions and is locked in the circumferential direction. The shift fork is rotatably assembled with the power box, and the shift power member is used to drive the shift fork to rotate to push the clutch plate upward or downward. The clutch plate can be locked in or separated from the transfer plate during the upward or downward movement.

[0018] Beneficial Effect: When the clutch disc and adapter disc engage, power is transmitted from the output shaft to the input shaft, causing the gate to move. When the clutch disc and adapter disc separate, the gate stops moving. This design allows for precise control of gate movement when needed, avoiding the risk of misoperation associated with traditional devices lacking a clutch mechanism, and improving operational flexibility and safety.

[0019] Furthermore, the shifting power component is an oil cylinder, the driving component is a hydraulic motor, and a hydraulic valve group connected to the hydraulic motor and the oil cylinder is provided outside the power box.

[0020] Beneficial effects: Hydraulic drive has the characteristics of stable power output and high control precision, ensuring smooth and reliable opening and closing of the gate. At the same time, the automated control of the hydraulic system lays the foundation for remote operation.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a gate plate remote centering feedback device, which includes a protective shell and a right-angle transmission mechanism, a first limit seat, a second limit seat, an indicator, a first position sensor, and a second position sensor arranged in the protective shell. The protective shell is fixed to the gear box on the corresponding side, and the protective shell is provided with a scale representing the position status of the gate plate; one end of the indicator extends out of the protective shell to indicate the corresponding scale; the indicator is movably assembled between the first limit seat and the second limit seat, the input end of the right-angle transmission mechanism cooperates with the third gear shaft on the corresponding side, and a transmission structure is connected between the output end of the right-angle transmission mechanism and the indicator; the first position sensor and the second position sensor are connected to the remote driller's console, and are used to feedback the position status of the gate plate to the remote driller's console when the indicator moves to the identification area of ​​the corresponding position sensor.

[0022] Beneficial Effects: This device uses two position sensors to detect the position of the indicator, transmitting the gate's open / closed status to the remote driller's console in real time, facilitating remote monitoring and ensuring operational safety. Simultaneously, personnel can determine the gate's open / closed status by observing the indicator's position, achieving dual protection.

[0023] Furthermore, the transmission structure includes a screw rod, a screw rod nut, a cover plate and a spring. The screw rod is rotatably assembled between the first limit seat and the second limit seat. The screw rod nut is threadedly connected to the screw rod, and the indicator is fixed on the screw rod nut. The end of the screw rod is provided with mounting grooves arranged along its axial direction, and the spring is arranged in the corresponding mounting groove. The cover plate is connected to the end of the spring and fits with the transmission hole wall of the right-angle transmission mechanism. The spring compresses and tightens the cover plate to drive the screw rod to rotate through the friction between the cover plate and the right-angle transmission mechanism.

[0024] Beneficial effect: When the sensor fails and the stroke of the lead screw nut exceeds the position of the corresponding scale, the resistance applied to the lead screw nut is greater than the friction at the cover plate. Even if the right-angle transmission mechanism continues to rotate, the lead screw nut will not move, thus having an over-travel protection function and avoiding damage to the gate remote centering feedback device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a blowout preventer to which the blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch device of the present invention is applicable; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch device of the present invention after being installed on the blowout preventer; Figure 3 for Figure 2 sectional view of Figure 4 is a structural diagram of the torque output mechanism; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure after removing the gearbox cover; Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the power unit; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram after removing the power box; Figure 8 for Figure 6 sectional view of Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the gate centering fine-tuning assembly; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gate remote centering feedback device; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure inside the protective shell; Figure 12 for Figure 10sectional view of .

[0026] Description of reference numerals: 1. BOP; 11. Upper flange; 12. Lower flange; 13. Upper left gate; 14. Lower left gate; 15. Upper right gate; 16. Lower right gate; 17. Hexagonal operating head; 2. Torque output mechanism; 21. Gearbox; 22. Gearbox cover; 23. Fixing lug; 24. First gear; 25. Second gear; 26. Third gear; 27. First gear shaft; 28. Second gear shaft; 29. ​​Third gear shaft; 3. Linkage mechanism; 31. Linkage rod; 32. Transmission rod; 33. Connecting flange; 34. Flange sleeve; 4. Adjustment piece; 41. Adjustment slot; 5. Power unit; 501. Power box; 502. Hydraulic motor; 503. Hydraulic valve block; 504. Clutch plate; 505. Shift fork; 506. Shift cylinder; 507. Input bevel gear; 508. First output bevel gear; 509. Second output bevel gear; 510. First output shaft; 511. Input shaft; 512. Second output shaft; 513. Power box lug; 514. Hydraulic line connector; 515. Adapter plate; 6. Gate remote centering feedback device; 601. Protective shell; 602. Right-angle transmission mechanism; 603. Screw; 604. Screw nut; 605. Indicator; 606. Scale; 607. Guide rod; 608. First position sensor; 609. Second position sensor; 610. Cover plate; 611. Spring; 612. First limit seat; 613. Second limit seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] The embodiment of the blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch device provided by the present invention: The blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch device of the present invention is mainly used on the blowout preventer 1 to realize the synchronous opening and closing of the gates on both sides of the blowout preventer 1. Figure 1 The diagram below shows the structure of a blowout preventer 1 applicable to the present invention. This blowout preventer 1 is a double-gate type, comprising a blowout preventer body, an upper left gate 13, an upper right gate 15, a lower left gate 14, and a lower right gate 16 disposed within the body, as well as an upper flange 11 disposed at the top of the body and a lower flange 12 disposed on the body. The blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch device of the present invention can also be applied to single-gate or multi-gate blowout preventers. When used with double-gate or multi-gate blowout preventers, different numbers of switch devices can be selected to match.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , the blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch device of the present invention comprises a torque output mechanism 2, a linkage mechanism 3, a power unit 5 and a gate remote centering feedback device 6. In this embodiment, the torque output mechanism 2 is provided in two groups, which are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the blowout preventer 1 and are transmission-connected to the hexagonal operating heads 17 located above the left and right sides of the blowout preventer 1. The linkage mechanism 3 and the power unit 5 are arranged between the two groups of torque output mechanisms 2, wherein, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the power device 5 has two power output ends, one of which is transmission-connected to the torque output mechanism 2 on the left, and the other is transmission-connected to the linkage mechanism 3; the linkage mechanism 3 is transmission-connected to the torque output mechanism 2 on the right, and then, under the power provided by the power device 5, the left and right torque output mechanisms 2 are simultaneously driven to synchronously output torque, driving the corresponding gates on both sides of the blowout preventer 1 to move synchronously toward or away from each other.

[0030] Specifically, in this embodiment, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the torque output mechanism 2 includes a gearbox 21 and a gear train disposed within the gearbox 21. The gearbox 21 is provided with a removable cover 22. The gear train includes a first gear 24, a second gear 25, and a third gear 26, which are rotatably assembled within the gearbox 21 via a first gear shaft 27, a second gear shaft 28, and a third gear shaft 29, respectively. The first gear shaft 27, the second gear shaft 28, and the third gear shaft 29 are parallel to each other, and the first gear 24, the second gear 25, and the third gear 26 are meshed with each other. Two fixing lugs 23 are provided on the outside of the gearbox 21, forming the fixed portion of the torque output mechanism 2. The first gear shaft 27 is provided with a hexagonal interface that engages the hexagonal operating head 17 on the outside of the gate to prevent rotation. The ends of the third gear shaft 29 extend out of the gearbox 21.

[0031] During installation, the first gear shaft 27 is sleeved on the corresponding hexagonal operating head 17 to ensure the normal transmission of torque. Figure 2 As shown, bolts secure the front and rear sides of the blowout preventer 1 to plate-shaped adjustment members 4, extending along the direction of movement of the gate. The adjustment members 4 are provided with multiple, spaced-apart adjustment slots 41. The corresponding slots 41 allow the adjustment member 4 to be positioned in a variable position on the blowout preventer 1. The two corresponding fixing lugs 23 on the left and right sides are secured to the corresponding adjustment members 4 via bolts and nuts, providing stable support for the torque output mechanism 2. By changing the position of the bolts in the slots 41, the torque output mechanism 2 can be adjusted in its fixed position, thereby adjusting the spacing between the corresponding first gear shafts 27 on both sides to accommodate different sizes of blowout preventers 1.

[0032] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 9 As shown, the linkage mechanism 3 includes a linkage rod 31 and a gate plate centering fine-adjustment assembly. The gate plate centering fine-adjustment assembly comprises a coaxially arranged transmission rod 32, a connecting flange 33, and a flange sleeve 34. The connecting flange 33 is coaxially fixed to the end of the transmission rod 32 and removably connected to the flange sleeve 34 via a bolt assembly. The transmission rod 32 is a hexagonal rod, and the linkage rod 31 has a hexagonal hole. The transmission rod 32 is plugged into the linkage rod 31 and can slide relative to the linkage rod 31. At the same time, the transmission rod 32 and the linkage rod 31 can rotate synchronously. The flange sleeve 34 is sleeved with the third gear shaft 29 on the right side and can rotate synchronously with the third gear shaft 29 on the right side.

[0033] like Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the power unit 5 includes a power box, a hydraulic motor 502, a hydraulic valve assembly 503, an input bevel gear 507, a first output bevel gear 508, a second output bevel gear 509, an input shaft 511, a first output shaft 510, a second output shaft 512, and a shift mechanism. The power box is secured to the blowout preventer 1 via a power box lug 513. The input bevel gear 507 is coaxially secured to the input shaft 511, the first output bevel gear 508 is coaxially secured to the first output shaft 510, and the second output bevel gear 509 is coaxially secured to the second output shaft 512. The input shaft 511, the first output shaft 510, and the second output shaft 512 are all rotatably mounted to the power box via bearings. One end of each of the first and second output shafts 510 and 512 extends outside the power box. The input bevel gear 507 meshes with both the first and second output bevel gears 508 and 509. The hydraulic motor 502 acts as a driver, driving the input shaft 511 in both forward and reverse rotation, thereby rotating the first and second output shafts 510 and 512. The first output shaft 510 is plugged and locked into the third gear shaft 29 on the left side; the second output shaft 512 is plugged and locked into the linkage rod 31.

[0034] The hydraulic motor 502 is connected to the hydraulic valve assembly 503, which is connected to a hydraulic pipeline connector 514 for connecting an oil pipe. The shift mechanism includes a shift fork 505, a shift cylinder 506, and a clutch plate 504. The shift fork 505 includes a rotating rod, an arc-shaped rod connected to the rotating rod, spherical heads at both ends of the arc-shaped rod, and a connecting rod connected to the rotating rod. The rotating rod is rotatably assembled with the power box. The shift cylinder 506, as a shift power component, is also connected to the hydraulic valve assembly 503. The clutch plate 504 of the shift cylinder 506 has an annular groove in the circumferential direction, and two spherical heads are located in the annular groove. The shift cylinder 506, as a shift power component, is also connected to the hydraulic valve assembly 503. A clamping plate is connected to the output end of the shift cylinder 506, which clamps the connecting rod. An adapter plate is coaxially fixed below input bevel gear 507. Clutch plate 504 is located below this plate. Clutch plate 504 is vertically and slidably connected to the output shaft of hydraulic motor 502 and is circumferentially locked. Clutch plate 504 has internal teeth grooves, and the adapter plate has teeth on its periphery that mate with the grooves. When the two are engaged, clutch plate 504 rotates together with the adapter plate.

[0035] When the hydraulic motor 502 rotates forward, the shift cylinder 506 extends to drive the shift fork 505 to move. At this time, the spherical head pushes the clutch plate 504 upward and makes it engage with the adapter plate. At this time, the rotational torque (force) generated by the input shaft 511 (input bevel gear 507) is continuously transmitted to the first output shaft 510 (first output bevel gear 508) and the second output shaft 512 (second output bevel gear 509). The first output shaft 510 and the second output shaft 512 are respectively connected to their corresponding left / right gear boxes 21, thereby driving the left / right side gates to achieve the function of moving towards each other (closing). The shift cylinder 506 retracts, actuating the shift fork 505. The spherical pusher pushes the clutch plate 504 downward, separating it from the adapter plate. At this point, the hydraulic motor 502 is idling, generating no rotational torque (force) on the first output shaft 510 (first output bevel gear 508) and the second output shaft 512 (second output bevel gear 509). The left / right gate plates stop moving and remain stationary. When the hydraulic motor 502 rotates in reverse, the shift cylinder 506 extends, actuating the shift fork 505, reengaging the clutch plate 504 with the adapter plate. The rotational torque (force) generated by the input shaft 511 (input bevel gear 507) is simultaneously and continuously transmitted to the first output shaft 510 (first output bevel gear 508) and the second output shaft 512 (second output bevel gear 509). The first and second output shafts 510 and 512 are connected to their respective left and right gearboxes 21, driving the left and right gate plates to achieve reverse movement (opening).

[0036] It should be noted that the above-mentioned gate centering fine-adjustment assembly is achieved by removing the bolts between the connecting flange 33 and the flange sleeve 34 on the transmission rod 32, thereby making the left and right torque output mechanisms 2 independent of each other. At this time, the left or right third gear shaft 29 can be rotated by a wrench to fine-tune the position of the left or right gate relative to the center of the blowout preventer 1. In essence, the left and right gates are adjusted to positions that are left-right symmetrical about the axis of the blowout preventer 1, thereby ensuring that the centerline of the oil pipe is coaxial with the centerline of the blowout preventer 1.

[0037] like Figure 10 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the gate remote centering feedback device 6 includes a protective shell 601, a scale 606 disposed on the surface of the protective shell 601, a right-angle transmission mechanism 602 disposed within the protective shell 601, a first limit seat 612, a second limit seat 613, an indicator 605, a first position sensor 608, and a second position sensor 609. The protective shell 601 is fixed to the gearbox 21 on the right side by bolts, and a long through-hole is provided on the protective shell 601 at the position corresponding to the scale 606. The scale 606 has a scale representing the gate position state, and the indicator 605 has a pointer that extends outside the protective shell 601 to indicate the corresponding scale. The input end of the right-angle transmission mechanism 602 cooperates with the third gear shaft 29 on the corresponding side, and a transmission structure is provided between the output end of the right-angle transmission mechanism 602 and the indicator 605 to drive the indicator 605 to move. In this embodiment, the transmission structure includes a screw 603, a screw nut 604, a cover plate 610, and a spring 611. The screw 603 is rotatably assembled between a first limit seat 612 and a second limit seat 613 via a bearing. The screw nut 604 is threadedly connected to the screw 603, and the indicator 605 is fixed to the screw nut 604. A guide rod 607 is also connected between the first limit seat 612 and the second limit seat 613. The indicator 605 is sleeved on the guide rod 607 and slidably engages with the guide rod 607. A first position sensor 608 is fixed to the first limit seat 612, and a second position sensor 609 is fixed to the second limit seat 613. In addition, the first position sensor 608 and the second position sensor 609 are connected to the remote driller's console to provide feedback on the position status of the gate to the remote driller's console when the indicator 605 moves to the identification area of ​​the corresponding position sensor.

[0038] The end of the screw rod 603 is provided with mounting grooves spaced along its axial direction. A spring 611 is installed in each mounting groove. The ends of the springs 611 are connected to a cover plate 610. The cover plate 610 and the springs 611 are located at the output end of the right-angle transmission mechanism 602. At this time, the spring 611 is compressed, pressing the cover plate 610 tightly and making it fit against the transmission hole wall of the right-angle transmission mechanism 602. The screw rod 603 is driven to rotate by the friction between the cover plate 610 and the right-angle transmission mechanism 602. When the stroke of the screw nut 604 exceeds the scale 606, the resistance encountered by the screw nut 604 is greater than the friction at the cover plate 610. Even if the right-angle transmission mechanism 602 continues to rotate, the screw nut 604 will not continue to move, thereby protecting the entire gate remote centering feedback device 6.

[0039] It should be noted that the blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch device of the present invention can be directly installed and used on a single-gate blowout preventer. For double-gate blowout preventers or multi-gate blowout preventers, two or more sets of blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch devices can be used. Of course, when using two or more sets, only one power source, namely a hydraulic motor 502, can be used. In this case, the multiple sets of blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch devices can be linked together through a synchronization mechanism, and the multiple sets of torque output mechanisms 2 can be driven to operate synchronously by a single hydraulic motor 502. The synchronization mechanism can be a sprocket chain mechanism or a pulley mechanism, and the synchronization mechanism is connected between two adjacent first output shafts 510 on the same side, or between two second output shafts 512 on the same side, or between two linkage rods 31 on the same side, or between two third gear shafts 29 on the same side, etc.

[0040] The blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch device of the present invention meets the requirements for automated oil well drilling and workover operations. The gates can be opened and closed automatically, reducing manual labor and improving operational efficiency. This device can accommodate a variety of blowout preventers (BOPs) (single-, double-, and multi-gate types) and sizes. When replacing BOPs (BOPs) of different specifications, the present invention allows for easy adjustment of the position of the left and right gates relative to the center of the BOP. The various mechanisms can be quickly installed and disassembled, facilitating maintenance. The open and closed status of the left and right gates can be determined from within the driller's cabin or locally by observing the on and off of a sensor light or the position of the mechanical scale 606 and pointer.

[0041] In other embodiments, a raised track can be provided on the adjusting member, and a sliding groove that slides with the raised track can be provided on the fixed ear plate to realize rapid adjustment of the position of the torque output mechanism. The fixed ear plate is also threaded with a tightening bolt. When the adjustment is in place, the tightening bolt is screwed so that the tightening bolt presses against the raised track to fix the torque output mechanism.

[0042] The torque output mechanism is not limited to the three sets of gears described in the above embodiment. When a greater output torque is required, four or more sets of gears may be used for meshing.

[0043] In other embodiments, the driving member may also be a motor, and the shifting power member may also be an electric push rod.

[0044] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. BOP safety emergency automatic switch device, used to be installed on the BOP, including torque output mechanism, linkage mechanism, and power device; The torque output mechanism is provided on both sides of the blowout preventer and is used for transmission connection with the hexagonal operating head on the corresponding side of the blowout preventer; the linkage mechanism is in transmission cooperation with the torque output mechanisms on both sides of the blowout preventer so that each torque output mechanism outputs torque synchronously, driving the gates on both sides of the blowout preventer to move synchronously toward or away from each other; the power device is connected to the linkage mechanism and / or one of the torque output mechanisms; It is characterized by: The distance between the output ends of the two torque output mechanisms corresponding to the movement direction of the gate plate is adjustable.

2. The blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The torque output mechanism is provided with a fixed part, and an adjusting piece is connected between the fixed parts of the two corresponding torque output mechanisms. The adjusting piece is fixed on the blowout preventer, and the adjusting piece is provided with an adjusting long hole extending along the movement direction of the gate plate for changing the fixed position of the torque output mechanism.

3. The blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The power device has two power output ends, which are respectively matched with the torque output mechanism and the linkage mechanism on one side. The linkage mechanism and the power device are arranged at a position between the two torque output mechanisms in a one-to-one correspondence. The linkage mechanism is detachably connected to the power device and / or the torque output mechanism on the corresponding side.

4. The blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The torque output mechanism includes a gearbox and a first gear, a second gear and a third gear which are respectively assembled in the gearbox through a first gear shaft, a second gear shaft and a third gear shaft. A fixed ear plate is provided on the outside of the gearbox, and the fixed ear plate forms the fixed part; the first gear, the second gear and the third gear are meshed with each other, and the first gear shaft is provided with a hexagonal interface which cooperates with the hexagonal operating head to prevent rotation, and both ends of the third gear shaft extend out of the gearbox respectively.

5. The blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The linkage mechanism includes a linkage rod and a gate centering fine-tuning assembly. The gate centering fine-tuning assembly includes a coaxially arranged transmission rod, a connecting flange and a flange sleeve. The connecting flange is coaxially fixed to the end of the transmission rod and is detachably connected to the flange sleeve. The transmission rod and the linkage rod slide in the movement direction of the gate and are locked in the circumferential direction. The flange sleeve and the corresponding third gear shaft slide in the movement direction of the gate and are locked in the circumferential direction.

6. The blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power device includes a power box, a driving member, and an input bevel gear, a first output bevel gear, and a second output bevel gear assembled in the power box through the corresponding rotation of the input shaft, the first output shaft, and the second output shaft; the input bevel gear is simultaneously engaged with the first output bevel gear and the second output bevel gear, and the driving member is used to drive the input shaft to rotate forward and reverse; the first output shaft is in transmission cooperation with the third gear shaft on the corresponding side, and the second output shaft is in transmission cooperation with the linkage rod.

7. The blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A shift mechanism is also provided in the power box, which includes a shift fork, a shift power member and a clutch plate. A transfer plate is coaxially fixed below the input bevel gear, and the clutch plate is located below the transfer plate. The clutch plate is slidably connected to the output shaft of the driving member in the up and down directions and is locked in the circumferential direction. The shift fork is rotatably assembled with the power box, and the shift power member is used to drive the shift fork to rotate to push the clutch plate upward or downward. The clutch plate can be locked in or separated from the transfer plate during the upward or downward movement.

8. The blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The shift power component is an oil cylinder, the driving component is a hydraulic motor, and a hydraulic valve group connected to the hydraulic motor and the oil cylinder is provided outside the power box.

9. The blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch device according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that: It also includes a gate plate remote centering feedback device, which includes a protective shell and a right-angle transmission mechanism, a first limit seat, a second limit seat, an indicator, a first position sensor, and a second position sensor arranged in the protective shell. The protective shell is fixed to the gear box on the corresponding side, and the protective shell is provided with a scale representing the position status of the gate plate; one end of the indicator extends out of the protective shell to indicate the corresponding scale; the indicator is movably assembled between the first limit seat and the second limit seat, the input end of the right-angle transmission mechanism cooperates with the third gear shaft on the corresponding side, and a transmission structure is connected between the output end of the right-angle transmission mechanism and the indicator; the first position sensor and the second position sensor are connected to the remote driller's console, and are used to feedback the position status of the gate plate to the remote driller's console when the indicator moves to the identification area of ​​the corresponding position sensor.

10. The blowout preventer safety emergency automatic switch device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The transmission structure includes a screw rod, a screw rod nut, a cover plate and a spring. The screw rod is rotatably assembled between the first limit seat and the second limit seat. The screw rod nut is threadedly connected to the screw rod, and the indicator is fixed to the screw rod nut. The end of the screw rod is provided with mounting grooves arranged along its axial direction, and the spring is arranged in the corresponding mounting groove. The cover plate is connected to the end of the spring and fits into the transmission hole wall of the right-angle transmission mechanism. The spring compresses and tightens the cover plate to drive the screw rod to rotate through the friction between the cover plate and the right-angle transmission mechanism.

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