A speed reducer performance test device and its use method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of reducer testing technology, specifically to a reducer performance testing device and a method for using the same, comprising a test bench, on which a drive motor, two speed torque sensors, and a magnetic powder brake are coaxially arranged, the two speed torque sensors being connected to the drive motor and the magnetic powder brake respectively through couplings, and a six-jaw chuck for mounting the reducer is arranged between the two speed torque sensors. This reducer performance testing device and method for using the same achieve progressive fixation of the reducer through an elastic preload mechanism: when the six-jaw chuck is brought together, the secondary caliper is displaced along an inclined track under the action of an elastic member, first pressing the reducer end face in a flexible contact manner and automatically guiding the alignment, allowing workers to escape in an emergency at this stage; after the reducer is initially positioned, the system automatically switches to the rigid fixation mode of the primary caliper, and the entire process achieves a safe transition from flexible buffering to rigid locking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of speed reducer testing, and in particular to a speed reducer performance testing device and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] A reducer is an independent component consisting of a gear transmission, worm transmission, or gear-worm transmission enclosed in a rigid housing. It is often used as a reduction transmission device between the prime mover and the working machine. It matches the speed and transmits torque between the prime mover and the working machine or actuator. It is widely used in modern machinery.

[0003] The performance of the reducer must be tested before installation to effectively ensure product quality.

[0004] Typically, a reducer test bench utilizes a motor to transmit power to the first speed-torque sensor connected to it. This sensor measures the output speed and torque of the drive motor. The power is then transmitted to the input of the reducer under test. The output of the reducer under test is connected to a second speed-torque sensor. After measuring the speed and torque of the reducer output, the power is transmitted to the magnetic powder brake through a coupling. The magnetic powder brake applies reverse braking torque according to the settings to simulate the load state of the reducer in actual operation.

[0005] The traditional rigid clamping and direct pressure of this type of traditional testing equipment can easily cause the risk of workers' limbs being trapped. The lack of a secondary buffer mechanism makes it impossible to quickly escape in the event of an accident. It relies on manual adjustment of the alignment of the reducer and the chuck. The non-circular housing is prone to clamping offset due to uneven contact surfaces. It relies only on radial rigid clamping and cannot adapt to axial irregular surfaces.

[0006] In view of this, we propose a reducer performance test device and a method for using the same. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a reducer performance test device and a method for using the same, so as to solve the problems of safety defects, insufficient positioning accuracy, and single fixing effect raised in the above-mentioned background technology. To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a reducer performance test device, comprising a test bench, on which a drive motor, two speed torque sensors and a magnetic powder brake are coaxially arranged, the two speed torque sensors are respectively connected to the drive motor and the magnetic powder brake through couplings, and a six-jaw chuck for installing the reducer is provided between the two speed torque sensors, and the two ends of the reducer are respectively connected to the speed torque sensors on both sides through couplings;

[0008] A first-stage caliper is fixedly provided on the claw body of the six-jaw chuck, and a tubular track is obliquely provided on the first-stage caliper, a bracket is slidingly provided in the track, and a second-stage caliper is provided on the end of the bracket close to the reducer, an elastic part is provided on the bracket, and the elastic part pushes the second-stage caliper to move toward the reducer, and when the reducer resists the second-stage caliper and moves along the first-stage caliper, the second-stage caliper drives the reducer to move toward the six-jaw chuck.

[0009] Preferably, the first-stage caliper is composed of a fixed caliper body and a movable caliper body, and the fixed caliper body is provided with a receiving pin, the movable caliper body is slidably connected to the receiving pin, and a connecting rod is fixedly provided on the movable caliper body, the reducer moves toward the six-jaw chuck to squeeze the connecting rod, and promotes the relative displacement of the fixed caliper body and the movable caliper body;

[0010] The track is composed of two parts, which are respectively connected to the fixed clamp body and the movable clamp body, and the bracket is squeezed and locked when the tracks are combined.

[0011] Preferably, a rotating shaft is fixedly provided at the end of the bracket, an axial hole is provided on the secondary caliper, and the secondary caliper is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft through the axial hole, a limit spring is provided in the axial hole, and the limit spring constrains the direction of the secondary caliper;

[0012] Both ends of the secondary caliper are movably connected with latches, and both sides of the secondary caliper are movably embedded with T-pins. The inner ends of the latches and T-pins and the surface of the rotating shaft are all provided with teeth, and when the latches and T-pins are retracted, the teeth are used to lock the secondary caliper with the rotating shaft, the bracket and the primary caliper.

[0013] Preferably, the elastic member is a compression spring.

[0014] Preferably, a three-axis pressure sensor is embedded in each jaw of the six-jaw chuck, and the signal line of the three-axis pressure sensor is synchronously transmitted to the control terminal with the data of the speed and torque sensor.

[0015] Preferably, a three-axis vibration sensor is embedded in the clamping surface of the secondary caliper, and the signal line of the three-axis vibration sensor is synchronously transmitted to the control terminal with the data of the speed and torque sensor.

[0016] Preferably, a temperature sensor is installed on the secondary caliper, and the temperature sensor signal line is synchronously transmitted to the control terminal with data from the speed torque sensor, the three-axis pressure sensor and the three-axis vibration sensor.

[0017] Preferably, a slidable and retractable transparent protective cover is provided above the experimental table. The protective cover is made of high-strength polycarbonate, one end of which is fixed to the experimental table column close to the drive motor, and the other end can be slidably covered above the magnetic powder brake.

[0018] A method for using a speed reducer performance test device comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1. The reducer under test is placed in the center of the six-jaw chuck, with its six jaws relatively gathered together, so that the elastic member pushes the secondary caliper to press against the end face of the reducer housing, providing preload. During this process, the secondary caliper is displaced in an inclined direction along the track through the bracket, so that the secondary caliper and reducer are synchronously displaced and docked toward the six-jaw chuck.

[0020] S2. The contact time of the secondary calipers on the concave and convex surfaces of the reducer is inconsistent. The secondary calipers in front and back contact change their axial positions along the reducer surface and squeeze the outer shells at both ends of the reducer front and back. As the reducer moves toward the six-jaw chuck, it squeezes the connecting rod and the movable caliper body to displace, so that the tracks merge, and its inner wall squeezes and locks the sliding bracket. Each secondary caliper is locked with the primary caliper to rigidly clamp the reducer.

[0021] S3. When the secondary caliper is longitudinally squeezed along the reducer housing, its two ends contact the reducer housing respectively. In view of the inclined contact surface, the secondary caliper deflects and fits the housing. During this process, the latch and T-pin are squeezed inward to contact the rotating shaft, and the internal teeth mesh to produce a mechanical interlocking effect, locking the secondary caliper, bracket, track, and primary caliper together.

[0022] S4. After clamping is completed, the power of the driving motor is transmitted to the first speed and torque sensor connected to it. After the sensor measures the output speed and torque of the driving motor, the power is transmitted to the input end of the reducer under test. The output end of the reducer under test is connected to the second speed and torque sensor. After measuring the speed and torque of the reducer output end, the power is transmitted to the magnetic powder brake through the coupling. The magnetic powder brake applies reverse braking torque according to the setting to simulate the load state of the reducer in actual work.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] In the present invention, progressive fixation of the reducer is achieved through an elastic pre-stressing mechanism: when the six-jaw chuck is gathered, the secondary caliper is displaced along the inclined track under the action of the elastic member, first pressing the end face of the reducer in a flexible contact manner and automatically guiding the alignment, allowing workers to escape urgently at this stage; after the reducer is initially positioned, the system automatically switches to the rigid fixing mode of the primary caliper, and the entire process achieves a safe transition from flexible buffering to rigid locking.

[0025] In the present invention, the asynchronous contact characteristics of the two-stage caliper are utilized to address the non-circular housing feature of the reducer: when the contact time difference of each caliper is generated due to the unevenness of the housing, this misalignment will be converted into axial extrusion force, and the track will be driven to merge through the connecting rod mechanism, and finally all the calipers will be locked synchronously and form a staggered force application area, effectively eliminating the assembly gap and improving the overall stability.

[0026] In the present invention, the secondary caliper adaptively fits the reducer bevel housing through the deflection mechanism, and at the same time triggers the mechanical interlocking of the pin and the T-pin: the tooth meshing generates a radial constraint force, and the linkage bracket and the track form a rigid network, achieving a three-dimensional comprehensive fixing effect of axial anti-displacement and radial anti-torsion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the six-jaw chuck of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 An exploded view of the six-jaw chuck of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first-stage caliper and the second-stage caliper of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 The explosion of the first-level caliper of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 7 The explosion of the first-level caliper of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 8 The explosion of the bracket and the secondary caliper of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 9 The explosion of the bracket and the secondary caliper of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 10 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the secondary caliper of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. Experimental table; 2. Driving motor; 3. Speed ​​torque sensor; 4. Magnetic powder brake; 5. Six-jaw chuck; 6. First-stage caliper; 61. Fixed caliper body; 62. Movable caliper body; 7. Track; 8. Bracket; 9. Second-stage caliper; 10. Elastic part; 11. Socket pin; 12. Connecting rod; 13. Rotating shaft; 14. Shaft hole; 15. Limit spring; 16. Latch pin; 17. T-pin; 18. Tooth pattern. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] See also Figures 1 to 10 The present invention provides a technical solution: a reducer performance test device, including a test bench 1, on which a drive motor 2, two speed torque sensors 3 and a magnetic powder brake 4 are coaxially arranged. The two speed torque sensors 3 are respectively connected to the drive motor 2 and the magnetic powder brake 4 through a coupling, and a six-jaw chuck 5 for installing the reducer is arranged between the two speed torque sensors 3. After clamping is completed, the drive motor 2 transmits power to the first speed torque sensor 3 connected thereto. After the sensor measures the output speed and torque of the drive motor 2, the power is transmitted to the input end of the reducer under test. The output end of the reducer under test is connected to the second speed torque sensor 3, and after measuring the speed and torque of the output end of the reducer, the power is transmitted to the magnetic powder brake 4 through the coupling. The magnetic powder brake 4 applies a reverse braking torque according to the setting to simulate the load state of the reducer in actual work.

[0040] The reducer to be tested is placed at the center of the six-jaw chuck 5, and its six jaws are relatively gathered together to clamp and fix the reducer. A hole is provided at the center of the six-jaw chuck 5, and the output end of the reducer extends from it.

[0041] The two ends of the reducer are connected to the speed and torque sensors 3 on both sides through couplings respectively. The drive motor 2, the speed and torque sensor 3 and the six-jaw chuck 5 are all fixedly mounted on the slide, and the slide is lockably set on the experimental table 1.

[0042] The free sliding of the carriage enables the operator to quickly adjust the relative position of the entire drive-measurement-clamping assembly according to the axial size of the reducer being tested. This allows the operator to adapt to the testing requirements of reducers of different specifications without having to disassemble or assemble individual devices, significantly improving changeover efficiency.

[0043] A first-stage caliper 6 is fixedly provided on the jaw body of the six-jaw chuck 5 , and a tubular track 7 is obliquely provided on the first-stage caliper 6 .

[0044] A bracket 8 is slidably provided in the track 7 , and a secondary caliper 9 is provided at one end of the bracket 8 close to the reducer.

[0045] An elastic member 10 is provided on the bracket 8 .

[0046] And the elastic member 10 pushes the secondary caliper 9 to move toward the speed reducer.

[0047] The elastic member 10 pushes the secondary caliper 9 to press against the end face of the reducer housing, providing a pre-tightening force.

[0048] During this process, the secondary caliper 9 is displaced in an inclined direction along the track 7 through the bracket 8, so that the secondary caliper 9 and the reducer are synchronously displaced and docked toward the six-jaw chuck 5.

[0049] When the reducer pushes against the secondary caliper 9 and moves along the primary caliper 6 , the secondary caliper 9 drives the reducer to move toward the six-jaw chuck 5 .

[0050] In this embodiment, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figures 5 to 10 As shown, the primary caliper 6 is composed of a fixed caliper body 61 and a movable caliper body 62 , and a receiving pin 11 is provided on the fixed caliper body 61 .

[0051] The movable caliper body 62 is slidably connected to the receiving pin 11 , and a connecting rod 12 is fixedly provided on the movable caliper body 62 .

[0052] The time when the secondary caliper 9 contacts the concave and convex surface of the speed reducer is inconsistent.

[0053] The secondary calipers 9 in front and back contact change their axial positions along the surface of the reducer and squeeze the outer shells at both ends of the reducer forward and backward.

[0054] As the reducer moves toward the six-jaw chuck 5, the connecting rod 12 and the movable clamp body 62 are squeezed to move.

[0055] The reducer moves toward the six-jaw chuck 5 to squeeze the connecting rod 12 and pushes the fixed caliper body 61 and the movable caliper body 62 to move relative to each other.

[0056] The track 7 is composed of two parts, which are respectively connected to the fixed clamp body 61 and the movable clamp body 62.

[0057] And the rails 7 squeeze and lock the bracket 8 when they are merged.

[0058] The rails 7 are merged, and the inner walls thereof squeeze and lock the sliding bracket 8, so that each secondary caliper 9 is locked with the primary caliper 6 to rigidly clamp the reducer.

[0059] In this embodiment, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figures 5 to 10 As shown, a rotating shaft 13 is fixedly provided at the end of the bracket 8 .

[0060] An axial hole 14 is formed on the secondary caliper 9 , and the secondary caliper 9 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 13 through the axial hole 14 .

[0061] A limit spring 15 is provided in the shaft hole 14 , and the limit spring 15 constrains the direction of the secondary caliper 9 .

[0062] When the secondary caliper 9 is longitudinally squeezed along the reducer housing, both ends thereof contact the reducer housing.

[0063] For the inclined contact surface, the secondary caliper 9 is deflected to fit the housing.

[0064] Latch pins 16 are movably inserted at both ends of the secondary caliper 9 , and T-shaped pins 17 are movably embedded at both sides of the secondary caliper 9 .

[0065] The inner ends of the latch 16 and T-pin 17 and the surface of the shaft 13 are all provided with teeth 18, and when the latch 16 and T-pin 17 are retracted, the teeth 18 are used to lock the secondary caliper 9 with the shaft 13, the bracket 8 and the primary caliper 6.

[0066] During the process of fitting the housing, the latch pin 16 and the T-shaped pin 17 are squeezed and retracted to contact the rotating shaft 13 .

[0067] The internal teeth 18 mesh to produce a mechanical interlocking effect, locking the secondary caliper 9, the bracket 8, the track 7, and the primary caliper 6 together.

[0068] In this embodiment, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figures 5 to 10 As shown, the elastic member 10 is a compression spring.

[0069] In this embodiment, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figures 5 to 10As shown, a three-axis pressure sensor is embedded in each claw of the six-jaw chuck 5. The signal line of the three-axis pressure sensor is synchronously transmitted to the control terminal with the data of the speed and torque sensor 3. By real-time monitoring of the X / Y / Z three-dimensional clamping force applied by the six-jaw chuck 5 to the reducer housing, the stability and safety of the fixture during the test are ensured. This sensor can accurately feedback the distribution of the clamping force, preventing the reducer from slipping due to insufficient clamping force and affecting the torque test accuracy, and avoiding excessive clamping force causing deformation of the housing and interfering with the internal gear meshing state. Its measurement data is synchronously correlated with the vibration and speed and torque signals, which can analyze the impact of clamping force on vibration transmission and provide a quantitative basis for fixture optimization. This three-dimensional force monitoring capability significantly improves the reliability of the test device and the credibility of the data.

[0070] In this embodiment, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figures 5 to 10 As shown, the clamping surface of the secondary caliper 9 is embedded with a three-axis vibration sensor, and the signal line of the three-axis vibration sensor is synchronously transmitted to the control terminal with the data of the speed torque sensor 3. The installation directions of the sensors correspond to the radial, axial and tangential vibration components of the reducer, respectively, and are used to correlate the vibration spectrum of the reducer with the load torque change in real time. Through the time series correlation of the three-axis vibration data and the torque signal, the tooth surface wear or bearing abnormality of the reducer under variable load conditions can be accurately diagnosed, replacing the traditional single vibration detection.

[0071] In this embodiment, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figures 5 to 10 As shown, a temperature sensor is installed on the secondary caliper 9. The temperature sensor signal line is synchronously transmitted to the control terminal along with data from the speed and torque sensor 3, the three-axis pressure sensor, and the three-axis vibration sensor. This is used to monitor the reducer's operating temperature rise in real time. Temperature rise is a key performance indicator in reducer testing. Adding temperature monitoring allows for a more comprehensive assessment of reducer performance, such as efficiency and heat load capacity, and can be correlated with force, vibration, speed, and torque data for analysis. This significantly enhances the device's testing capabilities and data value.

[0072] In this embodiment, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figures 5 to 10As shown, a slidable and retractable transparent protective cover is provided above the experimental table 1. The protective cover is made of high-strength polycarbonate. One end of the protective cover is fixed on the column of the experimental table 1 close to the drive motor 2, and the other end can be slidably covered above the magnetic powder brake 4. The high-speed rotating test device has potential safety risks such as coupling breakage and flying parts. The design of automatically sensing the high-speed state and covering the protective cover greatly improves the personal safety of the experimental operators and meets the safety regulations.

[0073] A method for using a speed reducer performance test device comprises the following steps:

[0074] S1. The reducer to be tested is placed at the center of the six-jaw chuck 5, and its six claws are relatively gathered together, so that the elastic member 10 pushes the secondary caliper 9 to press against the end face of the reducer housing to provide pre-tightening force. During this process, the secondary caliper 9 is displaced in an inclined direction along the track 7 through the bracket 8, so that the secondary caliper 9 and the reducer are synchronously displaced and docked toward the six-jaw chuck 5, thereby utilizing the elastic pre-compression of the secondary caliper 9 to achieve flexible contact of the reducer, and then converting it to the rigid fixation of the primary caliper 6. The worker who installs the reducer can quickly save himself when being pressed by the secondary caliper 9, avoiding the safety hazards under direct rigid clamping, and the movement of the secondary caliper 9 to the primary caliper 6 will drive the reducer to automatically move to the structure on the six-jaw chuck 5, reducing manual operation.

[0075] S2. The contact time of the secondary caliper 9 on the concave and convex surface of the reducer is inconsistent. The secondary caliper 9 in front and back contact changes its axial position along the surface of the reducer and squeezes the outer shell of the reducer at both ends. As the reducer moves toward the six-jaw chuck 5, it will squeeze the connecting rod 12 and the movable caliper body 62 to move, so that the track 7 is merged, and its inner wall squeezes and locks the sliding bracket 8. Each secondary caliper 9 is locked with the primary caliper 6 to rigidly clamp the reducer, thereby utilizing the natural dislocation of the secondary caliper 9 along the non-circular outer shell to achieve secondary axial fixation, thereby improving the clamping stability of the six-jaw chuck 5 on the reducer and forming an interlaced force application area of ​​the secondary caliper 9 on the reducer outer shell.

[0076] S3. When the secondary caliper 9 is longitudinally extruded along the reducer housing, its two ends contact the reducer housing respectively, and for the inclined contact surface, the secondary caliper 9 deflects and fits the housing. During this process, the latch 16 and the T-pin 17 are squeezed inward to contact the rotating shaft 13, and the internal teeth 18 engage to produce a mechanical interlocking effect, locking the secondary caliper 9, the bracket 8, the track 7, and the primary caliper 6 together, so that the secondary caliper 9 can fit the reducer housing as much as possible, improve the axial extrusion fixing effect, and ensure the radial fixing effect of the reducer after the secondary caliper 9 is self-locked.

[0077] S4. After clamping is completed, the power of the driving motor 2 is transmitted to the first speed and torque sensor 3 connected to it. After the sensor measures the output speed and torque of the driving motor 2, the power is transmitted to the input end of the reducer under test. The output end of the reducer under test is connected to the second speed and torque sensor 3. After measuring the speed and torque of the reducer output end, the power is transmitted to the magnetic powder brake 4 through the coupling. The magnetic powder brake 4 applies a reverse braking torque according to the setting to simulate the load state of the reducer in actual work.

[0078] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A speed reducer performance test device, comprising a test bench (1), characterized in that: A driving motor (2), two speed and torque sensors (3) and a magnetic powder brake (4) are coaxially arranged on the experimental platform (1); The two speed torque sensors (3) are connected to the drive motor (2) and the magnetic powder brake (4) respectively through couplings; A six-jaw chuck (5) for mounting a reducer is provided between the two speed and torque sensors (3), and both ends of the reducer are connected to the speed and torque sensors (3) on both sides via couplings. A first-stage caliper (6) is fixedly provided on the claw body of the six-jaw chuck (5), a tubular track (7) is obliquely provided on the first-stage caliper (6), a bracket (8) is slidably provided in the track (7), a second-stage caliper (9) is provided at one end of the bracket (8) close to the reducer, an elastic member (10) is provided on the bracket (8), and the elastic member (10) pushes the second-stage caliper (9) to move toward the reducer. When the reducer pushes against the second-stage caliper (9) and moves along the first-stage caliper (6), the second-stage caliper (9) drives the reducer to move toward the six-jaw chuck (5); The first-stage caliper (6) is composed of a fixed caliper body (61) and a movable caliper body (62); A receiving pin (11) is provided on the fixed caliper body (61), and the movable caliper body (62) is slidably connected to the receiving pin (11); A connecting rod (12) is fixedly provided on the movable clamp body (62), and the reducer moves toward the six-jaw chuck (5) to squeeze the connecting rod (12) and push the fixed clamp body (61) and the movable clamp body (62) to move relative to each other; The track (7) is composed of two parts, which are respectively connected to the fixed clamp body (61) and the movable clamp body (62). When the track (7) is combined, it squeezes and locks the bracket (8); A rotating shaft (13) is fixedly provided at the end of the bracket (8), a shaft hole (14) is provided on the secondary caliper (9), and the secondary caliper (9) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (13) through the shaft hole (14); A limit spring (15) is provided in the shaft hole (14), and the limit spring (15) constrains the direction of the secondary caliper (9); Both ends of the secondary caliper (9) are movably connected with latches (16), and both sides of the secondary caliper (9) are movably embedded with T-shaped pins (17); The inner ends of the latch (16) and the T-shaped pin (17) and the surface of the rotating shaft (13) are provided with tooth patterns (18). When the latch (16) and the T-shaped pin (17) are retracted, the tooth patterns (18) are used to lock the secondary caliper (9) with the rotating shaft (13), the bracket (8) and the primary caliper (6).

2. A reducer performance test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member (10) is a compression spring.

3. A reducer performance test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A three-axis pressure sensor is embedded in each claw of the six-claw chuck (5), and the signal line of the three-axis pressure sensor and the data of the speed torque sensor (3) are synchronously transmitted to the control terminal.

4. A speed reducer performance test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A three-axis vibration sensor is embedded in the clamping surface of the secondary caliper (9), and the signal line of the three-axis vibration sensor and the data of the speed torque sensor (3) are synchronously transmitted to the control terminal.

5. A speed reducer performance test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A temperature sensor is installed on the secondary caliper (9), and the temperature sensor signal line is synchronously transmitted to the control terminal with data from the speed torque sensor (3), the three-axis pressure sensor, and the three-axis vibration sensor.

6. A speed reducer performance test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A slidable and retractable transparent protective cover is provided above the test bench (1). The protective cover is made of high-strength polycarbonate, one end of which is fixed to a column of the test bench (1) near the drive motor (2), and the other end of which is slidably covered above the magnetic powder brake (4).

7. A method for using a speed reducer performance test device, using the speed reducer performance test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, the six-jaw chuck (5) gathers and clamps the reducer to be tested, the elastic member (10) pushes the secondary caliper (9) to press the end face of the reducer to provide pre-tightening force, the bracket (8) moves along the inclined track (7), and the secondary caliper (9) automatically aligns the reducer with the chuck, realizing the transition from flexible contact to rigid fixation, and the worker can save himself and avoid danger; S2, the secondary caliper (9) is dislocated and squeezed due to the uneven surface of the reducer, pushing the connecting rod (12) to displace the movable caliper body (62) and merge the track (7). The inner wall locking bracket (8) of the track (7) locks the secondary caliper (9) and the primary caliper (6) together, forming a staggered force application area to enhance axial stability; S3, the secondary caliper (9) deflects and fits the inclined housing, the latch (16) and the T-pin (17) are squeezed and retracted, and the tooth pattern (18) engages the shaft (13), triggering the mechanical interlocking, thereby strengthening the radial fixation and axial squeezing effect; S4, the driving motor (2) inputs the power into the speed torque sensor (3), and then inputs the power into the reducer. The reducer outputs the speed torque sensor (3) and is connected to the magnetic powder brake (4). The magnetic powder brake (4) applies a reverse torque to simulate the actual load.

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