A transformer voltage regulation cooperative control method and system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of transformer control, and particularly discloses a transformer voltage regulation cooperative control method and system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: continuously acquiring voltage data of a key node of a power grid and extracting corresponding event characteristic information; acquiring health state information of each transformer, determining the response priority of each transformer and a voltage regulation limiting parameter; calculating voltage compensation demand according to the event characteristic information; determining a transformer set participating in voltage regulation and corresponding regulation parameters; generating a voltage regulation instruction according to the transformer set participating in voltage regulation and the corresponding regulation parameters, and distributing the voltage regulation instruction to corresponding transformers for voltage regulation control; the method dynamically determines the transformer set participating in voltage regulation and the corresponding regulation parameters according to the actual demand of the power grid and individual differences of the transformers, avoids overuse of transformers with poor health conditions, and realizes cooperative optimization of a voltage regulation target and a device health maintenance target.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of transformer control technology, and more specifically, to a transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method and system. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of voltage control for regional power systems, coordinated operation of multiple substations has become the mainstream technological development direction. Modern power grids generally adopt coordinated control systems equipped with on-load tap-changing transformers to achieve automatic voltage regulation by monitoring the grid's operating status in real time, effectively maintaining the voltage stability of the regional power grid. With the advancement of smart grid technology, the system now has the ability to collect multi-dimensional operating data, laying the foundation for the implementation of more refined control strategies.

[0003] However, existing collaborative control methods have significant limitations when dealing with complex operating environments. Traditional strategies treat transformers in the same area as homogeneous equipment for unified scheduling, failing to consider the differences in the health status of tap changers between equipment, leading to accelerated aging of high-loss equipment. Simultaneously, the system lacks a classified response mechanism for rapid voltage fluctuations, making it difficult to balance voltage sag compensation requirements with equipment lifespan protection goals. For example, existing methods cannot dynamically adjust voltage regulation strategies based on event characteristics, potentially impacting power quality due to slow response and shortening the lifespan of critical equipment due to frequent operations.

[0004] There is currently no effective technical solution to the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method and system, which dynamically determines the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and the corresponding regulation parameters according to the actual needs of the power grid and the individual differences of the transformers, so as to achieve coordinated optimization of voltage regulation objectives and equipment health maintenance objectives.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method for controlling multiple transformers operating in coordination under a power grid architecture. The method includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. Continuously acquire voltage data of key nodes in the power grid, identify voltage change events based on the voltage data, and extract corresponding event feature information;

[0008] S2. Obtain the health status information of each transformer, and determine the response priority and voltage regulation limit parameters of each transformer based on the health status information.

[0009] S3. Calculate the voltage compensation requirement based on the event characteristic information;

[0010] S4. Determine the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and the corresponding regulation parameters based on the voltage compensation requirements, transformer response priority, and voltage regulation limitation parameters.

[0011] S5. Generate voltage regulation commands based on the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and their corresponding regulation parameters, and distribute them to the corresponding transformers for voltage regulation control.

[0012] The method of this application can dynamically determine the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and the corresponding regulation parameters according to the actual needs of the power grid and the individual differences of the transformers. This avoids the overuse of transformers with poor health conditions, thereby effectively extending the service life of the transformers. At the same time, it can respond quickly according to the characteristics of voltage events and provide accurate voltage compensation.

[0013] The aforementioned transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method, wherein step S1 includes:

[0014] S11. Collect voltage data from key nodes of the power grid, identify noise interference in the voltage data, and obtain filtered voltage data.

[0015] S12. Based on the filtered voltage data, an event detection algorithm based on dynamic threshold is used to identify voltage change events;

[0016] S13. If a voltage change event is detected, extract the event feature information.

[0017] In this example, an event detection algorithm based on dynamic thresholds is used, which enables the event detection standard to adapt to changes in the power grid operating status, improving the accuracy and robustness of event identification and reducing false positives and false negatives.

[0018] The aforementioned transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method, wherein step S12 includes:

[0019] S121. Calculate the dynamic threshold based on the historical noise mean and historical noise variance;

[0020] S122. Obtain the difference value of the voltage data based on the filtered voltage data;

[0021] S123. Compare the difference value with the dynamic threshold to identify whether a voltage change event has occurred.

[0022] The transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method, wherein step S2, the step of determining the response priority and voltage regulation limit parameters of each transformer based on the health status information, includes:

[0023] S21. Normalize the health status information to obtain normalized health status indicators.

[0024] S22. The health status indicators are weighted and summed based on preset indicator weights to obtain the comprehensive health status score of each transformer.

[0025] S23. Determine the response priority of each transformer based on the comprehensive health status score;

[0026] S24. Based on the preset piecewise function, calculate the voltage regulation limit parameters of each transformer according to the comprehensive health status score.

[0027] The aforementioned transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method includes health status information such as cumulative number of operations, recent operation frequency, and estimated remaining operating life.

[0028] In the aforementioned transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method, the event characteristic information includes the event voltage deviation amplitude, and step S3 includes:

[0029] S31. Obtain the load type of the area where the key nodes of the power grid are located, and obtain the voltage deviation sensitivity coefficient based on the load type;

[0030] S32. Calculate the voltage compensation requirement based on the voltage deviation amplitude and the voltage deviation sensitivity coefficient.

[0031] The aforementioned transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method, wherein step S4 includes:

[0032] S41. Based on a preset transformer quantity mapping table, determine the required number of transformers according to the voltage compensation requirements. The transformer quantity mapping table includes the number of transformers corresponding to multiple different voltage compensation requirement intervals.

[0033] S42. Extract the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation from all transformers according to the number of transformers and the response priority;

[0034] S43. Based on the voltage regulation limitation parameters, optimize the adjustment parameters of each transformer in the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation according to the voltage compensation requirements.

[0035] The transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method, wherein the voltage regulation limiting parameters include an upper limit for the number of operations and an upper limit for a single voltage regulation, and the adjustment parameters include the number of operations and a single voltage regulation compensation value, step S43 includes:

[0036] S431. Establish an objective function based on the number of transformer operations, single voltage regulation compensation value, and voltage compensation requirements of the transformers in the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation;

[0037] S432. Based on the upper limit of the number of operations and the upper limit of a single voltage regulation as constraints, the objective function is solved by minimizing the total number of operations to determine the number of operations and the single voltage regulation compensation value of each transformer in the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation.

[0038] The transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method, wherein step S5 includes:

[0039] S51. Based on the instruction adapter, the adjustment parameters are converted into voltage regulation instructions and associated with the transformer identifier of the corresponding transformer in the set of voltage-regulated transformers;

[0040] S52. Based on the transformer identifier, the voltage regulation command will be sent to the corresponding transformer for voltage regulation control.

[0041] Secondly, this application also provides a transformer voltage regulation coordinated control system for controlling multiple transformers operating in coordination under a power grid architecture, the system comprising:

[0042] The first acquisition module is used to continuously acquire voltage data of key nodes in the power grid, identify voltage change events based on the voltage data, and extract corresponding event feature information.

[0043] The second acquisition module is used to acquire the health status information of each transformer and determine the response priority and voltage regulation limit parameters of each transformer based on the health status information.

[0044] The first calculation module is used to calculate the voltage compensation requirement based on the event characteristic information;

[0045] The second calculation module is used to determine the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and the corresponding regulation parameters based on the voltage compensation requirements, the transformer response priority, and the voltage regulation limit parameters.

[0046] The collaborative control module is used to generate voltage regulation commands based on the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and their corresponding regulation parameters, and distribute them to the corresponding transformers for voltage regulation control.

[0047] The system of this application can dynamically determine the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and the corresponding regulation parameters according to the actual needs of the power grid and the individual differences of the transformers. This avoids the overuse of transformers with poor health conditions, thereby effectively extending the service life of the transformers. At the same time, it can respond quickly according to the characteristics of voltage events and provide accurate voltage compensation.

[0048] As can be seen from the above, this application provides a transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method and system. The method can dynamically adjust the voltage regulation strategy according to the specific situation of grid voltage changes and the health status of each transformer. It can dynamically determine the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and the corresponding regulation parameters according to the actual needs of the grid and the individual differences of transformers, avoiding the overuse of transformers with poor health status, thereby effectively extending the service life of transformers. At the same time, it can quickly respond to the characteristics of voltage events and provide accurate voltage compensation, improving the stability of grid voltage and power quality. Ultimately, it achieves the coordinated optimization of voltage regulation objectives and equipment health maintenance objectives, improving the overall efficiency and reliability of grid operation. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 A flowchart of the transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the transformer voltage regulation coordinated control system provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0051] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the transformer voltage regulation coordinated control system provided in the embodiment of this application in the power grid.

[0052] Reference numerals: 201, First acquisition module; 202, Second acquisition module; 203, First calculation module; 204, Second calculation module; 205, Cooperative control module. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0054] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this application, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0055] Firstly, please refer to Figure 1 This application provides a transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method in some embodiments, for controlling multiple transformers operating in coordination under a power grid architecture. The method includes the following steps:

[0056] S1. Continuously acquire voltage data of key nodes in the power grid, identify voltage change events based on the voltage data, and extract the corresponding event feature information;

[0057] S2. Obtain the health status information of each transformer, and determine the response priority and voltage regulation limit parameters of each transformer based on the health status information.

[0058] S3. Calculate voltage compensation requirements based on event characteristic information;

[0059] S4. Determine the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and the corresponding regulation parameters based on voltage compensation requirements, transformer response priorities, and voltage regulation limit parameters.

[0060] S5. Generate voltage regulation commands based on the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and their corresponding regulation parameters, and distribute them to the corresponding transformers for voltage regulation control.

[0061] Specifically, continuously acquiring voltage data at key nodes of the power grid refers to the uninterrupted collection of voltage measurements at specific locations in the power grid that significantly affect voltage stability or are susceptible to voltage fluctuations. This can be achieved using distributed voltage sensors, smart meters, or SCADA systems. Its main purpose is to monitor the real-time operating status of the power grid and provide basic data for subsequent voltage anomaly detection. Identifying voltage change events refers to determining whether the power grid voltage has fluctuated beyond the normal range or a preset threshold based on the collected voltage data, such as voltage dips, spikes, or interruptions. This can be achieved using threshold comparison, waveform analysis, or machine learning algorithms. Its main purpose is to promptly detect voltage anomalies in the power grid.

[0062] More specifically, extracting the corresponding event feature information refers to quantifying the key attributes of a voltage change event after it has been identified, such as the magnitude, duration, and timing of the voltage deviation. This can be achieved using signal processing techniques or feature extraction algorithms. It is mainly used to accurately assess the severity and type of voltage anomalies, providing a basis for subsequent compensation decisions.

[0063] More specifically, obtaining health status information for each transformer refers to collecting data related to the operating status and aging degree of each transformer participating in the coordinated operation of the power grid, such as the number of tap changer operations, recent operating frequency, insulation status, oil analysis results, etc. This can be achieved using transformer online monitoring systems, offline test reports, or maintenance records, and is mainly used to assess the current working capacity and remaining life of the transformer.

[0064] More specifically, determining the response priority and voltage regulation limit parameters of each transformer based on health status information means setting its participation order and the range of voltage regulation operations that can be performed in the voltage regulation task according to the health status of the transformer. For example, transformers with good health status have higher response priority, while transformers with poor health status may have their number of operations or single voltage regulation range limited. The main purpose is to achieve differentiated scheduling and balance voltage regulation demand with equipment life protection.

[0065] More specifically, calculating voltage compensation requirements refers to quantifying the amount of voltage deviation that needs to be compensated by transformer voltage regulation based on the characteristic information of the identified voltage change events. It is mainly used to clarify the target and magnitude of voltage regulation.

[0066] More specifically, determining the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and the corresponding regulation parameters means selecting appropriate transformers to perform the voltage regulation task based on the calculated voltage compensation requirements and by comprehensively considering the response priority and voltage regulation limit parameters of each transformer, and determining the specific voltage regulation operation to be performed for each selected transformer, such as the number of adjustment steps of the tap changer or the target voltage value. This can be achieved using priority sorting, constraint optimization, or intelligent decision-making algorithms, which are mainly used to achieve the optimal collaborative voltage regulation strategy.

[0067] More specifically, generating voltage regulation commands refers to converting the determined set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and their corresponding regulation parameters into a command format that the transformer control system can recognize and execute. This can be achieved using a command encoder or a communication protocol adapter, and is mainly used to convert decision results into actual control signals. Distributing the generated voltage regulation commands to the corresponding transformers for voltage regulation control refers to sending the generated voltage regulation commands to the selected transformers through a communication network, prompting them to perform the corresponding voltage regulation operations. This can be achieved using industrial Ethernet, fiber optic communication, or wireless communication, and is mainly used to ensure the accurate delivery and execution of voltage regulation commands.

[0068] More specifically, the solution in this application continuously monitors the voltage status of key nodes in the power grid. Once a voltage anomaly is detected, its characteristics, such as the magnitude and duration of the voltage deviation, are immediately analyzed. Simultaneously, the system monitors the health status of each transformer operating in coordination and sets their priority order and operational restrictions based on this. After determining the total voltage compensation required by the power grid, the method in this application does not simply distribute the task evenly, but comprehensively considers the compensation demand, the health priority of the transformers, and their respective operational restrictions. This means that transformers in good health are given priority, and all transformers participating in voltage regulation will adjust within their health limits. Finally, the optimized voltage regulation task is translated into specific instructions and sent to the selected transformers for execution, thereby achieving precise, coordinated control of the power grid voltage while considering equipment health. This decision-making mechanism, which deeply integrates the power grid status with the individual equipment status, constitutes the core operational logic of the solution.

[0069] Through the above processing, the method of this application can dynamically adjust the voltage regulation strategy according to the specific situation of grid voltage changes and the health status of each transformer. It can dynamically determine the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and the corresponding regulation parameters according to the actual needs of the grid and the individual differences of transformers, avoiding the overuse of transformers with poor health status, thereby effectively extending the service life of transformers. At the same time, it can respond quickly according to the characteristics of voltage events, provide accurate voltage compensation, improve the stability of grid voltage and power quality, and ultimately achieve synergistic optimization of voltage regulation objectives and equipment health maintenance objectives, thereby improving the overall efficiency and reliability of grid operation.

[0070] In some preferred embodiments, step S1 includes:

[0071] S11. Collect voltage data of key nodes in the power grid, and use wavelet transform to filter out noise interference in the voltage data to obtain filtered voltage data.

[0072] S12. Based on the filtered voltage data, an event detection algorithm based on dynamic threshold is used to identify voltage change events;

[0073] S13. If a voltage change event is detected, extract the event feature information.

[0074] Specifically, the process of filtering out noise interference is preferably performed using wavelet transform. Wavelet transform is a signal processing method that can decompose a signal into different frequency components for analyzing the local features of the signal. It can be implemented using discrete wavelet transform or continuous wavelet transform, and its purpose is to effectively separate noise and useful components in the signal.

[0075] More specifically, the event detection algorithm based on dynamic threshold refers to an event recognition method that adjusts the judgment criteria according to the characteristics of the signal itself. It can be implemented using statistical methods or machine learning methods, with the aim of improving the accuracy and robustness of event detection. The dynamic threshold refers to a judgment boundary that is adjusted in real time or periodically according to the characteristics of the input data. It can be calculated based on statistical quantities such as the mean, variance, kurtosis, and other statistical measures of the data, with the aim of adapting the detection criteria to changes in the data. In the embodiments of this application, the dynamic threshold is preferably adaptively adjusted according to the statistical characteristics of historical voltage data.

[0076] More specifically, in the embodiments of this application, the event feature information preferably includes the event voltage deviation amplitude, or includes the voltage deviation amplitude and duration. The duration can be determined by calculating the time it takes for the voltage amplitude to drop or rise to a stable state. The voltage deviation amplitude can refer to the maximum or average degree of voltage deviation from the nominal voltage during the event, and its purpose is to measure the severity of the voltage abnormality.

[0077] More specifically, when the filtered voltage data changes beyond this dynamically adjusted threshold, the system identifies a voltage change event. Once a voltage change event is identified, the system further extracts the event's feature information. In this way, this solution can overcome the problems caused by noise interference and fixed thresholds, accurately identify voltage change events, and extract key information reflecting the essential characteristics of the event, providing a reliable data foundation for subsequent voltage compensation requirement calculations and transformer voltage regulation decisions.

[0078] More specifically, by adopting an event detection algorithm based on dynamic thresholds, the event detection standard can adapt to changes in the power grid's operating status, improving the accuracy and robustness of event identification and reducing false positives and false negatives.

[0079] In some preferred embodiments, step S12 includes:

[0080] S121. Calculate the dynamic threshold based on the historical noise mean and historical noise variance;

[0081] S122. Obtain the difference value of the voltage data based on the filtered voltage data;

[0082] S123. Compare the differential value and the dynamic threshold to identify whether a voltage change event has occurred.

[0083] Specifically, the historical noise mean refers to the average value of the remaining noise component after deducting the normal voltage component from historical voltage data collected over a period of time. It can be estimated by statistical analysis of historical voltage data, such as using the sliding window averaging method or exponential smoothing method, with the aim of quantifying the central trend of power grid background noise. The historical noise variance refers to the degree of fluctuation of the remaining noise component after deducting the normal voltage component from historical voltage data collected over a period of time. It can be measured by calculating the variance or standard deviation of the noise component of historical voltage data to measure the degree of noise dispersion, with the aim of quantifying the fluctuation range of power grid background noise.

[0084] More specifically, in the embodiments of this application, the dynamic threshold is preferably set as follows:

[0085] Dynamic threshold = historical noise mean + k·historical noise variance (1)

[0086] Where k is a proportionality coefficient used to adjust the sensitivity of the threshold, which can be selected according to the actual power grid environment and the required detection accuracy.

[0087] More specifically, the difference value of voltage data refers to the numerical difference between adjacent or separated time points of the filtered voltage data. Specifically, it can be calculated as the difference between the voltage value at the current moment and the voltage value at the previous moment, or the difference between the voltage value at the current moment and the average value over a period of time. Its purpose is to highlight the rate of change or instantaneous change amplitude of the voltage signal.

[0088] More specifically, the process of setting the fixed threshold mentioned above makes full use of the statistical characteristics of historical voltage data, so that the dynamic threshold can more accurately reflect the noise level of the current power grid, thereby avoiding the misjudgment problem that may be caused by the fixed threshold.

[0089] More specifically, the method of this application identifies whether a voltage change event has occurred by comparing the difference value with the dynamic threshold. Only when the difference value exceeds the dynamic threshold is a voltage change event considered to have occurred. This can effectively filter out noise interference and improve the accuracy of event identification.

[0090] Through the above processing, the method of this application can adaptively adjust the dynamic threshold used for event detection based on historical noise statistical characteristics, and combined with differential analysis of filtered voltage data, effectively improve the accuracy and anti-interference ability of voltage change event identification, reduce false judgments and false misses, and provide more reliable event information for subsequent voltage regulation control.

[0091] In some preferred embodiments, step S2, which involves determining the response priority and voltage regulation limit parameters of each transformer based on health status information, includes:

[0092] S21. Normalize the health status information to obtain normalized health status indicators.

[0093] S22. Based on the preset indicator weights, the health status indicators are weighted and summed to obtain the comprehensive health status score of each transformer.

[0094] S23. Determine the response priority of each transformer based on the comprehensive health status score;

[0095] S24. Based on the preset piecewise function, calculate the voltage regulation limit parameters of each transformer according to the comprehensive health status score.

[0096] Specifically, step S21 preferably uses the maximum-minimum normalization method for normalization processing, which can linearly scale the original data to a fixed interval.

[0097] More specifically, the preset index weight refers to the numerical value assigned to different health status indicators to represent the relative importance of the indicator in assessing the overall health status of the transformer or the degree of impact on the safe operation of the transformer. It can be determined based on expert experience, historical data analysis or machine learning methods. In the embodiments of this application, it is preferred to set it based on the degree of impact of the transformer on the safe operation.

[0098] More specifically, the comprehensive health status score refers to a value obtained by weighted summation, which is used to quantify the overall health status of the transformer. The higher the score, the better the health status.

[0099] More specifically, the preset piecewise function refers to a function defined on the comprehensive health status score, which divides the score interval into several segments and defines different calculation rules or output values ​​in each segment to dynamically calculate the voltage regulation limit parameter based on the score. It can be implemented using a piecewise linear function or a step function. It is worth mentioning that the number of piecewise functions is consistent with the number of types of voltage regulation limit parameters.

[0100] More specifically, the working principle of the above processing is as follows: First, the health status information is normalized using a maximum-minimum normalization method to obtain normalized health status indicators. Because different health status indicators have different dimensions and numerical ranges, normalization unifies these indicators to the same numerical range, preventing individual indicators from having an excessive impact on the evaluation results, thus more objectively reflecting the transformer's health status. Second, the health status indicators are weighted and summed based on preset indicator weights to obtain a comprehensive health status score for each transformer. The indicator weights are determined based on the degree of impact on transformer operational safety. Since different indicators have different degrees of impact on transformer operational safety, introducing indicator weights fully considers the importance of different indicators, allowing the comprehensive health status score to more accurately reflect the transformer's risk level. Then, the response priority of each transformer is determined based on the comprehensive health status score, giving transformers with better health a higher response priority. This allows for meeting voltage compensation requirements while minimizing operations on transformers with poorer health, extending their service life. Finally, based on the preset piecewise function, the voltage regulation limit parameters of each transformer are calculated according to the comprehensive health status score. There are two piecewise functions, which are used to calculate the upper limit of the number of operations and the upper limit of a single voltage regulation. Since the health status of the transformer is dynamic, the voltage regulation limit parameters can be dynamically adjusted according to the health status of the transformer through the piecewise function, so as to avoid excessive voltage regulation of transformers with poor health status, thereby protecting the safe operation of the transformer.

[0101] Through the above processing, the method of this application solves the problem of differences in the dimensions and numerical ranges of different health status indicators, avoids the excessive influence of individual indicators on the evaluation results, and solves the problem that the impact of different indicators on the safe operation of transformers is not fully considered when simply determining priority and voltage regulation limit parameters based on health status information. This allows the comprehensive health status score to more accurately reflect the risk level of the transformer, gives transformers with better health status a higher response priority, reduces the operation of transformers with poor health status, and allows for dynamic adjustment of their voltage regulation limit parameters according to the health status of the transformer, avoiding excessive voltage regulation of transformers with poor health status. This protects the safe operation of the transformer, extends the service life of the equipment, and improves the reliability and economy of power grid operation.

[0102] In some preferred embodiments, the health status information includes the cumulative number of operations, recent operation frequency, and estimated remaining operating life.

[0103] Specifically, this multi-dimensional information, after normalization, is used to calculate a weighted overall health status score for the transformer. Based on this more comprehensive score, the system can more accurately assess the actual health status of each transformer.

[0104] By comprehensively considering multiple health status indicators, such as cumulative operation count, recent operation frequency, and estimated remaining operating life, the above technical solution enables a more comprehensive and accurate assessment of transformer health. Based on this more accurate health assessment, the response priority and voltage regulation limit parameters for each transformer can be determined more rationally. This helps avoid overuse of transformers in poor health, reduces wear on their tap changers, and thus extends the service life of the equipment.

[0105] In some preferred embodiments, step S3 includes:

[0106] S31. Obtain the load type of the area where the key nodes of the power grid are located, and obtain the voltage deviation sensitivity coefficient based on the load type;

[0107] S32. Calculate the voltage compensation requirement based on the voltage deviation amplitude and the voltage deviation sensitivity coefficient.

[0108] Specifically, in this embodiment, step S31 preferably involves obtaining a voltage deviation sensitivity coefficient based on a preset mapping relationship according to the load type. The preset mapping relationship refers to the mapping rule established between the load type and the voltage deviation sensitivity coefficient. The load type refers to the nature of the main electrical load in the area where the key nodes of the power grid are located, specifically including industrial load, commercial load, and residential load. The voltage deviation sensitivity coefficient is a numerical indicator that measures the sensitivity of a specific load type to voltage deviation. Specifically, it can be a real number greater than zero; the larger the value, the more sensitive it is to voltage deviation. Its purpose is to quantify the impact of load type on voltage compensation requirements.

[0109] More specifically, the solution in this application overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies that do not consider differences in load types by introducing load type and its corresponding voltage deviation sensitivity coefficient when calculating voltage compensation demand. Specifically, firstly, the load type of the area where the key nodes of the power grid are located is obtained, such as whether it is industrial, commercial, or residential load. Since different load types have different tolerances and responses to voltage deviations—for example, industrial loads may be more sensitive to voltage dips, while residential loads may be more sensitive to overvoltages—the corresponding voltage deviation sensitivity coefficient is found or calculated based on a preset mapping relationship according to the load type. This sensitivity coefficient reflects the degree of sensitivity of the load type to voltage deviations. Then, when calculating voltage compensation demand, the event voltage deviation amplitude is combined with this voltage deviation sensitivity coefficient. Thus, even if the voltage deviation amplitude and duration are the same, the calculated voltage compensation demand will be larger for load areas with high sensitivity coefficients, and smaller for load areas with low sensitivity coefficients. It is precisely because the sensitivity differences of load types are considered that the calculated voltage compensation demand is more closely aligned with the actual operation of the power grid, providing a more accurate basis for subsequently determining the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and the regulation parameters, thereby improving the accuracy and effectiveness of voltage regulation.

[0110] In some preferred embodiments, the implementation is as follows: Assume that a critical node A in the power grid is located in an industrial park, and its load type is determined to be industrial load. In the preset mapping relationship, the voltage deviation sensitivity coefficient corresponding to industrial load is set to 1.2, commercial load to 1.0, and residential load to 0.8. At this time, a voltage sag event is detected at critical node A, and the event feature information shows that the voltage deviation amplitude is 0.1 pu. Based on the obtained load type (industrial load) and mapping relationship, the voltage deviation sensitivity coefficient is obtained as 1.2. Then, based on the voltage deviation amplitude of 0.1 pu and the voltage deviation sensitivity coefficient of 1.2, the voltage compensation requirement is calculated. For example, a calculation formula can be used, such as: Voltage compensation requirement = Kb * Voltage deviation amplitude * Voltage deviation sensitivity coefficient, where Kb is a proportional constant. Assuming Kb = 10, then the voltage compensation requirement = 10 * 0.1 * 1.2 = 1.2 pu * seconds. This calculated voltage compensation requirement of 1.2 pu * seconds will be used in subsequent steps to determine the transformers and regulation parameters involved in voltage regulation.

[0111] The above technical solution considers the load type and its sensitivity to voltage deviation in the area where key nodes of the power grid are located when calculating voltage compensation requirements, making the calculated voltage compensation requirements more accurate and precise. This helps subsequent voltage regulation decisions to more effectively compensate for different load characteristics, avoiding overcompensation or undercompensation caused by inaccurate compensation amounts, thereby improving the voltage regulation effect of the transformer voltage regulation coordinated control system and ensuring the power quality of the power grid.

[0112] It should be noted that in the implementation where the event voltage deviation amplitude includes the voltage deviation amplitude and duration, step S32 can be changed to: calculating the voltage compensation requirement based on the voltage deviation amplitude, duration and voltage deviation sensitivity coefficient.

[0113] In some preferred embodiments, step S4 includes:

[0114] S41. Based on a preset transformer quantity mapping table, determine the required number of transformers according to the voltage compensation requirements. The transformer quantity mapping table includes the number of transformers corresponding to multiple different voltage compensation requirement intervals.

[0115] S42. Extract the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation from all transformers based on the number of transformers and response priority;

[0116] S43. Based on the voltage regulation limit parameter constraints, optimize the solution of the regulation parameters of each transformer in the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation according to the voltage compensation requirements.

[0117] Specifically, the transformer quantity mapping table refers to a table that establishes the correspondence between voltage compensation demand ranges and the required number of transformers. It can be implemented using a preset static table or a table dynamically generated based on historical data. Its purpose is to quantitatively determine the number of transformers that need to participate in voltage regulation based on the actual voltage compensation demand.

[0118] More specifically, optimization refers to the process of finding the optimal solution under specific constraints. It can be achieved through mathematical programming, optimization algorithms, and other methods. Its purpose is to optimize the adjustment parameters of the voltage regulating transformer while meeting the voltage compensation requirements.

[0119] More specifically, the solution in this application introduces a transformer quantity mapping table to first determine the required number of transformers based on voltage compensation needs, avoiding blind selection of transformers. Because an appropriate number is predetermined, the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation can be extracted from all transformers based on the number of transformers and response priority, prioritizing higher-priority transformers, thereby improving voltage regulation efficiency and protecting the equipment. Based on this, and constrained by voltage regulation limiting parameters, the adjustment parameters of each transformer in the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation are optimized according to the voltage compensation needs, ensuring that voltage compensation requirements are met while minimizing transformer losses.

[0120] Through the above processing, the method of this application can determine the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and the corresponding regulation parameters based on voltage compensation requirements, transformer response priorities, and voltage regulation limitation parameters. This solves the problem of how to effectively transform information such as voltage compensation requirements and transformer health status into actual voltage regulation strategies. By determining the required number of transformers based on voltage compensation requirements, resource waste or shortage can be avoided. By selecting transformers participating in voltage regulation based on the number of transformers and response priorities, equipment in good health can be used preferentially, extending equipment life. By optimizing the regulation parameters based on voltage regulation limitation parameter constraints, equipment can be protected while meeting voltage regulation requirements, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power grid.

[0121] In some preferred embodiments, the voltage regulation limiting parameters include an upper limit on the number of operations and an upper limit on a single voltage regulation, and the adjustment parameters include the number of operations and a single voltage regulation compensation value. Step S43 includes:

[0122] S431. Establish an objective function based on the number of transformer operations, single voltage regulation compensation value, and voltage compensation requirements of the transformers in the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation;

[0123] S432. Based on the upper limit of the number of operations and the upper limit of a single voltage regulation as constraints, the objective function is solved by minimizing the total number of operations to determine the number of operations and the single voltage regulation compensation value of each transformer in the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation.

[0124] Specifically, the upper limit of the number of operations refers to the maximum number of times the transformer is allowed to perform tap changer operations within a certain time period or cumulatively; the upper limit of single voltage regulation refers to the maximum voltage amplitude that the transformer can provide in a single tap changer operation; the upper limit of the number of operations and the upper limit of single voltage regulation are respectively calculated based on the corresponding preset piecewise functions and the comprehensive health status score.

[0125] More specifically, the objective function is a mathematical expression used to quantify the merits of a voltage regulation scheme. It can be established by taking into account the weighted sum of the number of operations of each transformer in the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and the voltage compensation value, and the difference between the total compensation value and the voltage compensation requirement. Its purpose is to provide a quantifiable evaluation standard for optimization solutions.

[0126] More specifically, step S432 introduces the upper limit of the number of transformer operations and the upper limit of a single voltage regulation as hard constraints into the mathematical model. These constraints ensure that the final determined voltage regulation scheme will not exceed the safe operating range and lifespan limit of the transformer. Based on this, the objective function established in step S431 is solved with the optimization objective of minimizing the total number of operations of all transformers participating in voltage regulation. By solving this constrained optimization problem, the system can intelligently determine the specific number of operations and single voltage regulation compensation value required for each transformer in the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation. This optimization-based solution method can, under the premise of meeting the grid voltage compensation requirements, prioritize transformers with fewer operations or larger single voltage regulation compensation values ​​for voltage regulation, or rationally allocate tasks, thereby effectively reducing the total number of transformer operations, reducing equipment wear, and extending the service life of the transformer. This allows the method of this application to effectively avoid excessively frequent transformer operations and large single voltage regulation while meeting the grid voltage compensation requirements, significantly reducing the cumulative number of transformer operations, reducing equipment losses, thereby extending the service life of the transformer and improving the reliability and economy of the equipment.

[0127] In some preferred embodiments, the adjustment parameters further include the voltage regulation sequence, and step S43 further includes steps performed after step S432:

[0128] S433. Based on the power grid topology of each transformer in the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation, use the sensitivity analysis method to calculate the degree of influence of each transformer's voltage regulation on the power grid voltage, and determine the voltage regulation sequence based on the degree of influence.

[0129] Specifically, the power grid topology refers to the physical connections and electrical parameters of the nodes and lines connecting them in the power grid, which can be represented by node admittance matrices or impedance matrices. Sensitivity analysis is a method for calculating the degree of influence of a change in one parameter on another in the power grid. It can be implemented using Jacobian matrix analysis based on power flow calculations or analysis methods based on linearized models. It is a commonly used algorithm for topology analysis. For example, using Jacobian matrix-based sensitivity analysis to calculate the sensitivity coefficients of voltage regulation by each transformer on the voltage of key nodes will not be elaborated upon here. The degree of influence refers to the quantitative indicator of the change in grid voltage caused by transformer voltage regulation operations. The voltage regulation sequence refers to the sequence in which transformers participating in voltage regulation perform voltage regulation operations according to a certain priority or order.

[0130] More specifically, the method of this application, after determining the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation, the number of operations for each transformer, and the single voltage regulation compensation value, further considers the actual electrical characteristics of the power grid. By obtaining the power grid topology where the transformers participating in voltage regulation are located, and using sensitivity analysis, the impact of each transformer's voltage regulation operation on the power grid voltage is calculated. Transformers with a greater impact have a more significant effect on improving the power grid voltage or a more direct impact on the voltage of key nodes. Based on this impact level, the execution sequence of voltage regulation operations is determined, prioritizing the voltage regulation of transformers with a greater impact. This ensures that voltage regulation operations can adjust the power grid voltage to the target range more quickly and effectively, reducing unnecessary repetitive operations and avoiding voltage fluctuations or oscillations caused by improper voltage regulation sequence, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of voltage regulation.

[0131] In some preferred embodiments, step S5 includes:

[0132] S51. Based on the instruction adapter, the adjustment parameters are converted into voltage regulation instructions and associated with the transformer identifier of the corresponding transformer in the set of voltage-regulated transformers;

[0133] S52. Based on the transformer identifier, the voltage regulation command will be sent to the corresponding transformer for voltage regulation control.

[0134] Specifically, a command adapter refers to a module or interface used to convert one data format or protocol to another. It can be a software module, a hardware converter, or a combined hardware and software system, aiming to achieve data compatibility and interoperability between different systems or devices. A voltage regulation command refers to a command that a transformer control system can directly recognize and execute to control the transformer tap changer to perform voltage regulation operations. It can be a specific communication message format, a sequence of control signals, or a remote control command, with the purpose of driving the transformer to perform specific voltage regulation actions.

[0135] More specifically, in step S51, after receiving the adjustment parameters for a specific transformer, the command adapter converts these parameters into a voltage regulation command that the transformer can directly recognize and execute, based on the transformer's type or communication protocol requirements. Simultaneously, the generated voltage regulation command is associated with the unique identifier of the target transformer to ensure the command's targeting. Subsequently, in step S52, the system uses the associated transformer identifier to accurately send the voltage regulation command to the corresponding transformer control unit through the appropriate communication channel. This method avoids problems such as incompatible command formats or incorrect distribution, ensuring that the refined adjustment parameters, determined by a combination of factors including grid conditions and transformer health, can accurately apply to the target transformer, preventing mis-sent or missed commands.

[0136] Secondly, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 Some embodiments of this application also provide a transformer voltage regulation coordinated control system for controlling multiple transformers operating in coordination under a power grid architecture. The system includes:

[0137] The first acquisition module 201 is used to continuously acquire voltage data of key nodes in the power grid, identify voltage change events based on the voltage data, and extract corresponding event feature information.

[0138] The second acquisition module 202 is used to acquire the health status information of each transformer and determine the response priority and voltage regulation limit parameters of each transformer based on the health status information.

[0139] The first calculation module 203 is used to calculate the voltage compensation requirement based on the event characteristic information;

[0140] The second calculation module 204 is used to determine the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and the corresponding regulation parameters based on voltage compensation requirements, transformer response priorities and voltage regulation limit parameters.

[0141] The collaborative control module 205 is used to generate voltage regulation commands based on the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and the corresponding regulation parameters, and distribute them to the corresponding transformers for voltage regulation control.

[0142] The system of this application can dynamically adjust the voltage regulation strategy according to the specific situation of grid voltage changes and the health status of each transformer. It can dynamically determine the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and the corresponding regulation parameters according to the actual needs of the grid and the individual differences of transformers, avoiding the overuse of transformers with poor health status, thereby effectively extending the service life of transformers. At the same time, it can respond quickly according to the characteristics of voltage events and provide accurate voltage compensation, improving the stability of grid voltage and power quality. Ultimately, it achieves synergistic optimization of voltage regulation objectives and equipment health maintenance objectives, improving the overall efficiency and reliability of grid operation.

[0143] Furthermore, the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0144] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0145] In this document, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0146] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method for controlling multiple transformers operating in coordination under a power grid architecture, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1. Continuously acquire voltage data of key nodes in the power grid, identify voltage change events based on the voltage data, and extract corresponding event feature information; S2. Obtain the health status information of each transformer, and determine the response priority and voltage regulation limit parameters of each transformer based on the health status information. S3. Calculate the voltage compensation requirement based on the event characteristic information; S4. Determine the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and the corresponding regulation parameters based on the voltage compensation requirements, transformer response priority, and voltage regulation limitation parameters. S5. Generate voltage regulation commands based on the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and the corresponding regulation parameters, and distribute them to the corresponding transformers for voltage regulation control; In step S2, the step of determining the response priority and voltage regulation limit parameters of each transformer based on the health status information includes: S21. Normalize the health status information to obtain normalized health status indicators. S22. The health status indicators are weighted and summed based on preset indicator weights to obtain the comprehensive health status score of each transformer. S23. Determine the response priority of each transformer based on the comprehensive health status score; S24. Based on the preset piecewise function, calculate the voltage regulation limit parameters of each transformer according to the comprehensive health status score; The event characteristic information includes the event voltage deviation amplitude, and step S3 includes: S31. Obtain the load type of the area where the key nodes of the power grid are located, and obtain the voltage deviation sensitivity coefficient based on the load type; S32. Calculate the voltage compensation requirement based on the voltage deviation amplitude and the voltage deviation sensitivity coefficient; Step S4 includes: S41. Based on a preset transformer quantity mapping table, determine the required number of transformers according to the voltage compensation requirements. The transformer quantity mapping table includes the number of transformers corresponding to multiple different voltage compensation requirement intervals. S42. Extract the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation from all transformers according to the number of transformers and the response priority; S43. Based on the voltage regulation limitation parameter constraints, optimize the adjustment parameters of each transformer in the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation according to the voltage compensation requirements; The voltage regulation limiting parameters include an upper limit for the number of operations and an upper limit for a single voltage regulation. The adjustment parameters include the number of operations and a single voltage regulation compensation value. Step S43 includes: S431. Establish an objective function based on the number of transformer operations, single voltage regulation compensation value, and voltage compensation requirements of the transformers in the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation; S432. Based on the upper limit of the number of operations and the upper limit of a single voltage regulation as constraints, the objective function is solved by minimizing the total number of operations to determine the number of operations and the single voltage regulation compensation value of each transformer in the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation.

2. The transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes: S11. Collect voltage data from key nodes of the power grid, filter out noise interference in the voltage data, and obtain filtered voltage data. S12. Based on the filtered voltage data, an event detection algorithm based on dynamic threshold is used to identify voltage change events; S13. If a voltage change event is detected, extract the event feature information.

3. The transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S12 includes: S121. Calculate the dynamic threshold based on the historical noise mean and historical noise variance; S122. Obtain the difference value of the voltage data based on the filtered voltage data; S123. Compare the difference value with the dynamic threshold to identify whether a voltage change event has occurred.

4. The transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The health status information includes the cumulative number of operations, recent operation frequency, and estimated remaining operation lifespan.

5. The transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S5 includes: S51. Based on the instruction adapter, the adjustment parameters are converted into voltage regulation instructions and associated with the transformer identifier of the corresponding transformer in the set of voltage-regulated transformers; S52. Based on the transformer identifier, the voltage regulation command will be sent to the corresponding transformer for voltage regulation control.

6. A transformer voltage regulation coordinated control system, used to control multiple transformers operating in coordination under a power grid architecture, and used to perform the steps in the transformer voltage regulation coordinated control method as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The system includes: The first acquisition module is used to continuously acquire voltage data of key nodes in the power grid, identify voltage change events based on the voltage data, and extract corresponding event feature information. The second acquisition module is used to acquire the health status information of each transformer and determine the response priority and voltage regulation limit parameters of each transformer based on the health status information. The first calculation module is used to calculate the voltage compensation requirement based on the event characteristic information; The second calculation module is used to determine the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and the corresponding regulation parameters based on the voltage compensation requirements, the transformer response priority, and the voltage regulation limit parameters. The collaborative control module is used to generate voltage regulation commands based on the set of transformers participating in voltage regulation and their corresponding regulation parameters, and distribute them to the corresponding transformers for voltage regulation control.

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