Method for improving crop rhizosphere fungus community structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of soil improvement, and particularly discloses a method for improving a crop rhizosphere fungal community structure, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, weighing 80-120 parts by weight of biochar, 10-20 parts by weight of bagasse, 10-20 parts by weight of peanut cake meal, 10-25 parts by weight of modified expanded perlite, 10-20 parts by weight of humic acid and 5-10 parts by weight of amino acid, and uniformly mixing and stirring to prepare a biological additive; s2, before the crops are sown, ploughing is conducted for the first time, then 30-40 kg of a biological additive is added to each mu of land, then ploughing is conducted for the second time, and improvement is completed; the plant growth regulator has the advantages of regulating crop rhizosphere fungal community structures, ensuring crop growth, improving crop yield and inhibiting crop diseases.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of soil improvement, and more particularly, to a method for improving the rhizosphere fungal community structure of crops. Background Art

[0002] The crop rhizosphere refers to the micro-environment that is affected by the activity of plant roots and is different from the soil in physical, chemical and biological properties. It is a micro-region where soil, roots and microorganisms interact. The transformation and circulation of substances in the rhizosphere affect the growth and development of crops, the absorption and utilization of water and nutrients, and the survival and reproduction of beneficial and harmful microorganisms, thereby having a profound impact on crop growth and yield.

[0003] Fungi are a widely distributed bacteria in the soil. They are characterized by large individuals, heterotrophic, spore reproduction and strong adaptability. Fungi in the soil are generally divided into decomposing bacteria, symbiotic bacteria and pathogenic bacteria. Decomposing bacteria mainly degrade organic matter in the soil, decomposing high-molecular organic matter into simple organic molecules and mineral nutrients, which are supplied to crops for absorption and promote crop growth. Symbiotic bacteria can promote water transport and nutrient absorption by crop roots, improve the utilization rate of nutrients by crops, and symbiotic bacteria can also enrich heavy metals and degrade organic pollutants, thereby enhancing the ability of crops to resist diseases and poisons. Pathogenic bacteria are bacteria that harm crop growth, such as wilt disease, root rot, etc., which ultimately cause crop yield reduction or quality decline.

[0004] Therefore, regulating the fungal community structure of crops, ensuring crop growth and increasing crop yields, and inhibiting crop diseases have gradually attracted people's attention. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to regulate the fungal community structure of crops, ensure crop growth and increase crop yield, and inhibit crop diseases, the present application provides a method for improving the fungal community structure of crops, which adopts the following technical solution: A method for improving the fungal community structure of crops, comprising the following steps: S1. Weigh 80-120 parts of biochar, 10-20 parts of bagasse, 10-20 parts of peanut cake, 10-25 parts of modified expanded perlite, 10-20 parts of humic acid, and 5-10 parts of amino acids by weight, mix and stir evenly to prepare a biological additive; S2. Before sowing crops, carry out the first tillage, then add 30-40kg of biological additives per mu of land, and then carry out the second tillage to complete the improvement.

[0006] By adopting the above technical scheme, the good adsorption effect of biochar and sugarcane bagasse can be utilized to effectively adsorb moisture and fungi. After the fungi reach the surface of biochar, sugarcane bagasse and peanut cake, the carbon source substances in the biochar and sugarcane bagasse are used in combination with the fiber, organic matter, amino acids and other nutrients in the peanut cake to promote the growth of fungal mycelium; the higher porosity of biochar, sugarcane bagasse, peanut cake and modified expanded perlite provides growth space for fungal mycelium, increases the number of fungal communities in the crop root system, and regulates the fungal community structure in the crop rhizosphere by controlling the fungal colony situation near the crop root system, thereby promoting crop growth and increasing crop yield, and inhibiting pests and diseases.

[0007] Biochar, bagasse and peanut cake are combined to utilize the breathable and loosening effects of biochar and bagasse, combined with the hydrophilic effect, to facilitate the absorption of moisture, ensure the breathable environment and moisture conditions in the soil, and promote the growth and expansion of fungal mycelium; while peanut cake contains a high content of protein, vitamins and minerals, which can provide fungi with nutrients to promote fungal growth and reproduction. Combined with the hydrophobic effect of peanut cake, it can ensure that the peanut cake contains a certain amount of oxygen, which is not easily blocked by moisture. Under the condition of moisture in the soil, the oxygen of peanut cake further promotes the growth and expansion of fungal mycelium, thereby ensuring crop growth, increasing crop yields and inhibiting crop diseases.

[0008] Preferably, the biochar is prepared from biochar particles, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, and hydrophobic acetate fiber in a mass ratio of 1:0.05-0.1:0.05-0.1.

[0009] By adopting the above technical scheme, biochar particles, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution, and hydrophobic acetate fiber are combined. The viscosity of the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution is used to facilitate the adhesion of the hydrophobic acetate fiber to the surface of the biochar particles. The sodium carboxymethyl cellulose has a hydrophilic effect and cooperates with the water absorption effect of the biochar to facilitate the adsorption of moisture. However, the hydrophobic acetate fiber on the surface has a certain hydrophobic effect and can block part of the moisture. By limiting the dosage ratio of the raw materials, the biochar has a certain water absorption and hydrophobic effect, ensuring that the absorbed moisture can promote the growth and expansion of fungal hyphae, and the hydrophobicity can ensure the presence of some oxygen, which is not easily completely blocked by moisture and affects the circulation of oxygen, further ensuring the growth and expansion of aerobic fungal hyphae, and helping to regulate the structure of the rhizosphere fungal community of crops.

[0010] Biochar particles, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and hydrophobic acetate fiber are combined. The acetate fiber in the outermost layer of biochar is decomposed to produce acidic substances such as organic acids. Under acidic conditions, it is easier to attract acid-loving fungi and promote the growth of acid-loving fungal hyphae. Biochar particles are alkaline and easily attract alkali-loving fungi, promote their growth, increase the number of various fungi near the surface of biochar, and enrich the distribution uniformity of the fungal community structure in the rhizosphere of crops. The viscosity of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose facilitates the attachment of fungal bodies to the surface of biochar. As sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is gradually decomposed and utilized by fungi, the number of fungi in the soil is further increased. At the same time, the porous support of biochar particles is conducive to the growth of fungal hyphae, increases the fungal content, and improves the fungal community structure in the rhizosphere of crops, thereby promoting crop growth and increasing crop yields.

[0011] Preferably, the hydrophobic acetate fiber is prepared by treating acetate fiber with glycerol citrate.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the acetate fiber contains hydrophilic hydroxyl groups, which are convenient for mutual attraction and connection with the carboxyl groups in citric acid glyceride. Combined with the adsorption effect of acetate fiber, it is convenient for citric acid glyceride to adhere to the surface of the acetate fiber. The hydrophilic groups of citric acid glyceride face the inside of the acetate fiber and the hydrophobic agent faces outward, giving the acetate fiber a hydrophobic effect, which can block part of the water from entering the interior of the biochar, block the pores of the biochar, and ensure that oxygen and water exist in the pores of the biochar at the same time, so as to ensure the growth and expansion of aerobic fungal hyphae in the soil.

[0013] Citrate glyceride can be gradually decomposed into citric acid and glycerol in the soil. Citric acid gives the surface of acetate fiber acidity, which makes it easier to attract acid-loving fungi to approach biochar, and glycerol can be used by fungi as a carbon source, further promoting fungal growth. At the same time, it drives the growth and expansion of fungal cells, further promoting the growth and reproduction of fungi in the soil, regulating the structure of crop rhizosphere fungal communities, promoting crop growth, and increasing crop yields.

[0014] Preferably, the average particle size of the biochar particles is 1-2 mm, and the average porosity is 65-75%.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the particle size and porosity of the biochar particles are limited, ensuring that the biochar particles have a good adsorption effect and a high air permeability. They can also loosen the soil, provide conditions for the reproduction of fungal colonies, and adsorb and fix pollutants in the soil, reduce the content of harmful substances, and ensure the growth and reproduction of beneficial fungi in the soil, thereby promoting crop growth and increasing crop yields.

[0016] Preferably, the bagasse is prepared by loading bagasse fiber with oligofructose solution at a mass ratio of 1:0.5-1 and then drying the loaded bagasse fiber.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the bagasse fiber has a good adsorption effect and can adsorb oligofructose solution. The oligofructose solution has a low viscosity and is easy to be evenly dispersed in the bagasse fiber, so that the bagasse fiber is loaded with oligofructose, and the utilization of oligofructose by fungi is utilized to promote the growth and uniform distribution of fungal colonies in the soil; and after the oligofructose solution is utilized first, the bagasse fiber can be quickly dispersed, the contact between the bagasse and the fungi is increased, and the decomposition and utilization effect of the fungi on the cellulose in the bagasse is utilized to further promote the growth and reproduction of the fungi and improve the fungal community structure in the rhizosphere of crops.

[0018] Preferably, the oligofructose solution is an aqueous fructose solution with a concentration of 1-3%.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the concentration of the oligofructose aqueous solution is limited, ensuring the adsorption effect of the sugarcane powder on the oligofructose solution, thereby ensuring that the oligofructose promotes the growth and reproduction of fungi in the soil and regulates the fungal colony structure in the rhizosphere of crops.

[0020] Preferably, the modified expanded perlite is prepared by bonding a high-fat pectin solution to the surface of the expanded perlite, then bonding the supporting fiber, and finally drying; the mass ratio of the expanded perlite, the high-fat pectin solution, and the supporting fiber is 1:0.2-0.4:0.2-0.5.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, expanded perlite, high-fat pectin solution and supporting fibers are combined, and the higher porosity of the expanded perlite is utilized to ensure the looseness and breathability of the soil, thereby ensuring the growth of aerobic fungi; and the high-fat pectin can be decomposed and utilized by fungi, further promoting the growth of fungi, while the supporting fibers can further loosen the soil and improve the distribution of fungal communities in the crop rhizosphere, thereby ensuring the distribution effect of fungi, and combined with the carbon source substances produced by the high-fat pectin, further promoting crop growth.

[0022] After corn crops are sown, they are prone to drought or flood disasters. During droughts, the good hydrophilic and water-absorbing effects of expanded perlite and high-fat pectin solution are utilized to ensure the water content in the soil, thereby ensuring the growth of fungi in the soil. During floods, the high-fat pectin film formed by the high-fat pectin solution on the surface of the modified expanded perlite is not easily soluble in cold water. During the water absorption process of the expanded perlite, the flexibility of the high-fat pectin film is combined with the binding effect of the supporting fiber to ensure the volume of the expanded perlite during floods, and the problem of excessive water absorption and self-expansion of the expanded perlite is not likely to occur. By controlling the moisture content in the soil, it is not easy for the water content inside the soil to be too high due to floods and it is difficult to discharge the flood, which affects the growth of fungi in the soil, thereby ensuring the impact on crop yields.

[0023] Preferably, the high-fat pectin solution is prepared from high-fat pectin, white sugar and 85-90°C hot water in a mass ratio of 1:4-6:93-95.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the high-fat pectin solution has good elasticity and flexibility after film formation, and can be decomposed and utilized by fungi, thereby promoting fungal growth and reproduction, improving the fungal community structure of crops, and promoting crop growth.

[0025] Preferably, the supporting fibers are glass fibers with an average length of 80-100 μm.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the length of the glass fiber filaments is limited, the bonding effect between the glass fiber filaments and the high acyl gellan gum solution is guaranteed, and the water absorption and expansion effect of the expanded perlite is controlled. Under conditions of excessive rainfall, the soil is not easily affected by excessive water absorption and the looseness and air permeability of the soil, thereby ensuring the growth of crops.

[0027] Preferably, the amino acids consist of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine and tyrosine in a mass ratio of 1:1-2:1-2:1-2.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, fungi can utilize amino acids while crops can also utilize amino acids for growth and reproduction, thereby improving the fungal community structure in the crop rhizosphere and promoting crop growth.

[0029] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. Biochar and bagasse have good adsorption effects, which can effectively absorb water and fungi. After the fungi reach the surface of biochar, bagasse and peanut cake, they use the carbon source in biochar and bagasse, combined with the fiber, organic matter, and amino acids and other nutrients in peanut cake to promote the growth of fungal hyphae. The higher porosity of biochar, bagasse, peanut cake and modified expanded perlite provides growth space for fungal hyphae, increases the number of fungal communities in crop roots, and promotes crop growth and reproduction by controlling the fungal colonies near the crop roots, thereby inhibiting pests and diseases.

[0030] 2. Citric acid can make the surface of acetate fiber acidic, attracting acid-loving bacteria to migrate toward the surface of biochar. By limiting the amount of hydrophobic acetate fiber added to the biochar surface and controlling the amount of biochar pores blocked by hydrophobic acetate fiber, it is ensured that biochar particles attract alkali-loving fungi, achieving uniform regulation of the fungal community structure in the crop rhizosphere and promoting crop growth.

[0031] 3. When the crop soil is dry, the water absorption effect of biochar, sugarcane bagasse and modified expanded perlite is used to ensure the moisture content in the soil, thereby ensuring the growth of fungi and the expansion of hyphae; when the crop soil is flooded, the modified expanded perlite's better water-blocking and moisture-control effects are combined with the hydrophobic and moisture-diverting effects of peanut cake to ensure that there is not too much moisture in the soil and affect the soil's air permeability, thereby ensuring the growth of crops and crop yields. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0033] Preparation Example of Biochar The citrate glyceride in the following raw materials was purchased from Shandong Huiheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. as food-grade citrate glyceride; other raw materials were all commercially available.

[0034] Preparation Example 1: Biochar was prepared using the following method: 1 kg of acetate fiber was placed in 9 kg of glycerol citrate, stirred at 1000 r / min for 10 minutes, and then the acetate fiber was separated by filtration to obtain hydrophobic acetate fiber; the average length of the acetate fiber was 200 μm; 0.07 kg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution was evenly sprayed on the surface of 1 kg of biochar particles. The average particle size of the biochar particles was 2 mm, the average porosity was 70%, and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution was a 1% by mass sodium carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution. Then, 0.08 kg of hydrophobic acetate fiber was added at a rate of 120 g / min. During the addition process, the biochar particles were continuously stirred at a speed of 200 r / min. The finished product was obtained after drying and dispersion until the biochar particles did not stick to each other and agglomerate.

[0035] Preparation Example 2: This preparation example differs from Preparation Example 1 in that: 0.05 kg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution was evenly sprayed on the surface of 1 kg of biochar particles. The average particle size of the biochar particles was 1 mm, the average porosity was 65%, and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution was a 1% by mass sodium carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution. Then, 0.05 kg of hydrophobic acetate fiber was added at a rate of 120 g / min. During the addition process, the biochar particles were continuously stirred at a speed of 200 r / min. The finished product was obtained after drying and dispersion until the biochar particles did not stick to each other and agglomerate.

[0036] Preparation Example 3: This preparation example differs from Preparation Example 1 in that: 0.1 kg of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution was evenly sprayed on the surface of 1 kg of biochar particles. The average particle size of the biochar particles was 2 mm, the average porosity was 75%, and the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution was a 1% by mass sodium carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution. Then, 0.1 kg of hydrophobic acetate fiber was added at a rate of 120 g / min. During the addition process, the biochar particles were continuously stirred at a speed of 200 r / min. The finished product was obtained after drying and dispersion until the biochar particles did not stick to each other and agglomerate.

[0037] Preparation Example of Sugarcane Bagasse Oligofructose in the following raw materials was purchased from Jiangsu Caiwei Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; bagasse fiber was purchased from agricultural bagasse and fiber produced by Guangxi Senbaiyuan Agriculture Co., Ltd.; other raw materials were commonly available on the market.

[0038] Preparation Example 4: Bagasse was prepared by the following method: Place oligofructose in water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain a 2% oligofructose solution; 1 kg of bagasse fiber is placed in 1 kg of oligofructose solution and stirred to mix evenly. The average length of the bagasse fiber is 3 mm. It is freeze-dried at -40°C for 24 hours and dispersed until the bagasse fibers do not stick to each other and agglomerate to obtain a finished product.

[0039] Preparation Example 5: This preparation example differs from Preparation Example 4 in that: Place oligofructose in water and stir until completely dissolved to obtain a 1% oligofructose solution; 1 kg of bagasse fiber was added to 0.5 kg of oligofructose solution and stirred to mix evenly. The average length of the bagasse fiber was 3 mm. The fiber was freeze-dried at -40°C for 24 hours and dispersed to obtain a finished product.

[0040] Preparation Example 6: This preparation example differs from Preparation Example 4 in that: Put oligofructose in water and stir until it is completely dissolved to obtain a 3% oligofructose solution; 1 kg of bagasse fiber was added to 1 kg of oligofructose solution and stirred to mix evenly. The average length of the bagasse fiber was 3 mm. The fiber was freeze-dried at -40°C for 24 hours and dispersed to obtain a finished product.

[0041] Preparation Example of Modified Expanded Perlite The high-fat pectin in the following raw materials was purchased from Shandong Huiheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., a food-grade high-fat pectin; other raw materials were commercially available.

[0042] Preparation Example 7: Modified expanded perlite was prepared by the following method: 1 kg of high-fat pectin and 5 kg of white sugar were mixed and stirred evenly, and then 94 kg of hot water at a temperature of 85°C was added and stirred until the high-fat pectin was completely dissolved to obtain a high-fat pectin solution; 0.3 kg of high-fat pectin solution was evenly sprayed on the surface of 1 kg of expanded perlite. The average particle size of the expanded perlite was 0.5 mm and the average porosity was 60%. Then, 0.35 kg of supporting fiber was added at a rate of 120 g / min. During the addition process, the expanded perlite was continuously stirred at a speed of 200 r / min. The supporting fiber was glass fiber with an average length of 100 μm. The expanded perlite was dried and dispersed until the expanded perlite did not stick to each other and agglomerate, thereby obtaining a finished product.

[0043] Preparation Example 8: This preparation example differs from Preparation Example 7 in that: 1 kg of high-fat pectin and 4 kg of white sugar were mixed and stirred evenly, and then 95 kg of hot water at a temperature of 85°C was added and stirred until the high-fat pectin was completely dissolved to obtain a high-fat pectin solution; 0.2 kg of high-fat pectin solution was evenly sprayed on the surface of 1 kg of expanded perlite, where the average particle size of the expanded perlite was 0.5 mm. Then 0.2 kg of supporting fiber was added, where the supporting fiber was glass fiber with an average length of 80 μm. The solution was dried and dispersed until the expanded perlite did not stick to each other and agglomerate, thereby obtaining a finished product.

[0044] Preparation Example 9: This preparation example differs from Preparation Example 7 in that: 1 kg of high-fat pectin and 6 kg of white sugar were mixed and stirred evenly, and then 93 kg of hot water at a temperature of 90°C was added and stirred until the high-fat pectin was completely dissolved to obtain a high-fat pectin solution; 0.4 kg of high-fat pectin solution was evenly sprayed on the surface of 1 kg of expanded perlite, where the average particle size of the expanded perlite was 0.5 mm. Then 0.5 kg of supporting fiber was added, where the supporting fiber was glass fiber with an average length of 100 μm. The product was obtained by drying and dispersing the expanded perlite until the perlite did not stick to each other and agglomerate. Example

[0045] The following raw materials include peanut cake and meal purchased from Lingshou County Baixin New Material Technology Co., Ltd., and peanut cake after oil pressing; aspartic acid purchased from Zhengzhou Yuhe Food Additive Co., Ltd.; glutamic acid purchased from Shandong Pingju Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; lysine purchased from Shandong Pingju Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; tyrosine purchased from Shandong Pingju Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; and other raw materials are commonly available on the market.

[0046] Example 1: A method for improving the fungal community structure of crops: S1. Weigh 100 kg of biochar, 15 kg of bagasse, 15 kg of peanut cake, 18 kg of modified expanded perlite, 15 kg of humic acid, and 8 kg of amino acids, mix and stir them evenly to prepare a bioadditive; the biochar is the biochar prepared in Preparation Example 1; the bagasse is the bagasse prepared in Preparation Example 4; the modified expanded perlite is the modified expanded perlite prepared in Preparation Example 7; the amino acids are composed of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine, and tyrosine in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1, and the aspartic acid is L-; S2. Before sowing crops, carry out the first tillage, then add 35kg of biological additives per mu of land, and then carry out the second tillage with a tillage depth of 30cm to complete the improvement.

[0047] Example 2: This example differs from Example 1 in that: S1. Weigh 80 kg of biochar, 10 kg of bagasse, 10 kg of peanut cake, 10 kg of modified expanded perlite, 10 kg of humic acid, and 5 kg of amino acids, mix and stir evenly to prepare a bioadditive; the biochar is the biochar prepared in Preparation Example 2; the bagasse is the bagasse prepared in Preparation Example 5; the modified expanded perlite is the modified expanded perlite prepared in Preparation Example 8; the amino acids are composed of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine, and tyrosine in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1; S2. Before sowing crops, carry out the first tillage, then add 30kg of biological additives per mu of land, and then carry out the second tillage with a tillage depth of 30cm to complete the improvement.

[0048] Example 3: This example differs from Example 1 in that: S1. Weigh 120 kg of biochar, 20 kg of bagasse, 20 kg of peanut cake, 25 kg of modified expanded perlite, 20 kg of humic acid, and 10 kg of amino acids, mix and stir evenly to prepare a bioadditive; the biochar is the biochar prepared in Preparation Example 3; the bagasse is the bagasse prepared in Preparation Example 6; the modified expanded perlite is the modified expanded perlite prepared in Preparation Example 9; the amino acids are composed of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine, and tyrosine in a mass ratio of 1:2:2:2; S2. Before sowing crops, carry out the first tillage, then add 40kg of biological additives per mu of land, and then carry out the second tillage with a tillage depth of 30cm to complete the improvement.

[0049] Example 4: This example differs from Example 1 in that: During the biochar preparation process, no sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution and hydrophobic acetate fiber were added to the surface of the biochar particles.

[0050] Example 5: This example differs from Example 1 in that: The hydrophobic cellulose acetate was replaced by cellulose acetate of equal mass in the biochar raw material.

[0051] Example 6: This example differs from Example 1 in that: During the preparation of sugarcane bagasse, the bagasse fibers were not loaded with oligofructose solution.

[0052] Comparative Example Comparative Example 1: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that: Replace the modified expanded perlite with an equal mass of expanded perlite.

[0053] Comparative Example 2: This comparative example differs from Example 1 in that: No peanut cake or modified expanded perlite was added to the raw materials.

[0054] Performance testing 1. Fungal content detection The crop rhizosphere soil was improved by the methods of Examples 1-4, 6 and Comparative Examples 1-2, respectively. The soil fungal content was detected before and 30 days after improvement. For each Example or Comparative Example, 1 mu of land was used as a test field. The fungal content was averaged from 10 groups of data. The fungal difference was calculated as the number of soil fungi 30 days after improvement - the number of soil fungi before improvement. A larger fungal difference indicates a better improvement effect.

[0055] 2. Crop growth detection The methods of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were used to improve the crop rhizosphere soil, respectively. After the soil was improved, corn was sown. The average rainfall within 45 days after sowing was 50 mm, indicating a drought situation. The average rainfall within 45-75 days after sowing was 800 mm, indicating a flood situation. The corn yield data was recorded after the corn was harvested.

[0056] 3. Crop disease detection The methods of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were used to improve the rhizosphere soil of crops. After the soil was improved, the proportion of corn diseases per mu was recorded 100 days after corn was sown.

[0057] Table 1 Performance Test Table (“ / ” in the following table indicates that the corresponding embodiment or comparative example was not tested for the item, so there is no data) From Examples 1-3 and Table 1, it can be seen that after the soil of the present application is improved, the fungal content becomes higher, the structure of the soil rhizosphere fungal community is improved, and the corn yield is increased and the corn disease situation is reduced.

[0058] Combining Example 1 and Examples 4-6 with Table 1, it can be seen that during the preparation of biochar in Example 4, no sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution and hydrophobic acetate fiber were added to the surface of the biochar particles. Compared with Example 1, the fungal difference of the biochar particles prepared in Example 4 was greater than that in Example 1, and the corn yield was lower than that in Example 1; this indicates that sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution and hydrophobic acetate fiber can provide for fungal growth and reproduction, improve the structure of crop rhizosphere fungal communities, and decompose to produce carbon source substances, etc., which can increase corn yield.

[0059] In Example 5, the hydrophobic acetate fiber was replaced with the acetate fiber of the same mass in the biochar raw material. Compared with Example 1, the corn yield of Example 5 was lower than that of Example 1, which shows that the acetate fiber has a water-absorbing effect, while the hydrophobic acetate fiber has a hydrophobic effect. In flood conditions, the acetate fiber can further increase the water content in the soil, affect the air permeability of the soil structure, and thus affect the crop yield.

[0060] During the preparation of sugarcane bagasse in Example 6, the bagasse fiber was not loaded with oligofructose solution. Compared with Example 1, the fungal difference in Example 6 was lower than that in Example 1, and the corn yield was lower than that in Example 1. This indicates that the oligofructose solution can be utilized by fungi, promote the growth and expansion of fungal hyphae, and improve the fungal colony structure in the rhizosphere of crops. In addition, the presence of carbon source substances and fungi can improve crop yield by improving soil structure.

[0061] Combining Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 with Table 1, it can be seen that Comparative Example 1 replaces the modified expanded perlite with expanded perlite of equal mass. Compared with Example 1, the fungal difference in Comparative Example 1 is smaller than that in Example 1, the corn yield is smaller than that in Example 1, and the disease ratio is greater than that in Example 1. This indicates that the expanded perlite treated with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution and hydrophobic acetate cellulose can balance the rhizosphere fungal colony in the soil and increase crop yield.

[0062] In Comparative Example 2, no peanut cake and modified expanded perlite were added to the raw materials. Compared with Example 1, the fungal difference value of Comparative Example 2 was smaller than that of Example 1, the corn yield was smaller than that of Example 1, and the disease ratio was greater than that of Example 1. This indicates that the combination of peanut cake and modified expanded perlite can further improve the soil rhizosphere fungal colony structure and increase crop yield under flood disaster conditions.

[0063] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A method for improving the fungal community structure of crops, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Weigh 80-120 parts of biochar, 10-20 parts of bagasse, 10-20 parts of peanut cake, 10-25 parts of modified expanded perlite, 10-20 parts of humic acid, and 5-10 parts of amino acids by weight, mix and stir evenly to prepare a biological additive; S2. Before sowing crops, carry out the first tillage, then add 30-40kg of biological additives per mu of land, and then carry out the second tillage to complete the improvement.

2. The method for improving the fungal community structure of crops according to claim 1, wherein: The biochar is prepared from biochar particles, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution and hydrophobic acetate fiber in a mass ratio of 1:0.05-0.1:0.05-0.

1.

3. The method for improving the rhizosphere fungal community structure of crops according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrophobic acetate fiber is prepared by treating acetate fiber with glycerol citrate.

4. The method for improving the rhizosphere fungal community structure of crops according to claim 2, characterized in that: The average particle size of the biochar particles is 1-2 mm, and the average porosity is 65-75%.

5. The method for improving the rhizosphere fungal community structure of crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sugarcane bagasse is prepared by loading sugarcane bagasse fibers with a mass ratio of 1:0.5-1 with oligofructose solution and then drying the loaded sugarcane bagasse fibers.

6. The method for improving the rhizosphere fungal community structure of crops according to claim 5, characterized in that: The oligofructose solution is an aqueous solution of oligofructose with a concentration of 1-3%.

7. The method for improving the rhizosphere fungal community structure of crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified expanded perlite is prepared by bonding a high-fat pectin solution to the surface of the expanded perlite, then bonding the supporting fiber, and finally drying the expanded perlite; the mass ratio of the expanded perlite, the high-fat pectin solution, and the supporting fiber is 1:0.2-0.4:0.2-0.

5.

8. The method for improving the rhizosphere fungal community structure of crops according to claim 7, characterized in that: The high-fat pectin solution is prepared from high-fat pectin, white sugar and hot water at 85-90° C. in a mass ratio of 1:4-6:93-95.

9. The method for improving the rhizosphere fungal community structure of crops according to claim 7, characterized in that: The supporting fibers are glass fibers with an average length of 80-100 μm.

10. The method for improving the fungal community structure of crop rhizosphere according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amino acids consist of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine and tyrosine in a mass ratio of 1:1-2:1-2:1-2.

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