Fresh corn and peanut intercropping planting method for controlling peanut stem rot

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly relates to a fresh corn and peanut intercropping planting method for controlling peanut stem rot. The specific planting process comprises the steps that two rows of corn are intercropped with two ridges of peanuts, the peanuts are planted in a ridging mode, two rows of peanuts are sowed in each ridge, the corn row spacing is 50-55 cm, and the corn plant spacing is 15-20 cm; the peanut row spacing is 30-35 cm, the peanut hole spacing is 12-15 cm, and the ridge spacing is 35 cm. According to the intercropping planting method, the corn is bundled, ineffective growth of corn leaf branches can be effectively restrained, meanwhile, bundling is conducted in a specific period, more nutrition and the like can be guaranteed, growth of ear parts can be guaranteed, stalks are more solid, and the corn leaf branches and the corn are bundled in a specific planting mode to form a plant community, so that the yield of the corn is increased. Disease propagation can be mutually isolated, the disease resistance of crops is improved, and the use of pesticides is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and particularly relates to an intercropping method of fresh corn and peanuts for controlling peanut stalk rot. Background Art

[0002] Peanut stem rot, commonly known as rice seedling disease or pinch point disease, spreads rapidly after infection, causing large numbers or even entire areas of peanut plants to die and pods to rot or sprout. It is a common disease of peanuts in the middle and late stages of the growth cycle and is categorized into three levels: First, if the peanut stem rot is mild, the stems and leaves will dry out, and a careful observation of the stems will reveal slight rot. Second, if the peanut stem rot is severe, it affects not only the aboveground stems and leaves but also the pods below. The aboveground stems and leaves gradually wither and turn black, with more severe rot. The pods, unable to photosynthesize properly and unable to provide water and nutrients, become shrunken and barren. Third, if the peanut stem rot occurs during the flowering stage or early pod-setting stage and is widespread, resulting in large areas of dead plants in the field, it may result in a complete peanut harvest.

[0003] Intercropping corn and peanuts is an effective way to ensure balanced increases in grain and oil production, improve land use efficiency, and enhance output benefits. Numerous studies have examined the effects of intercropping corn and peanuts on corn photosynthetic characteristics and yield, the improvement of iron nutrition through intercropping with peanuts, and the exploration of water and fertilizer utilization and fertilization ratios. Various intercropping ratios exist. A common intercropping configuration is the 3:4 ratio. This requires a bandwidth of less than 350 cm and precise setting of planting parameters for corn and peanuts. However, peanuts are at a disadvantage during intercropping. Their root growth is inhibited, leading to a significant decrease in root activity and biomass. They are also susceptible to stalk rot, which affects their ultimate yield. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for intercropping fresh corn and peanuts to control peanut stem rot. This method can greatly reduce the incidence of fresh peanut root rot, increase the root vitality of peanuts, and effectively increase the yield of corn and peanuts.

[0005] The technical solutions adopted by the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned purpose are as follows: The present invention provides a method for intercropping fresh corn and peanuts for controlling peanut stalk rot. The method comprises the following steps: two rows of corn are intercropped with two ridges of peanuts; the peanuts are planted in ridges, with two rows of peanuts planted in each ridge; the corn row spacing is 50-55 cm, the corn plant spacing is 15-20 cm; the peanut row spacing is 30-35 cm, the peanut hole spacing is 12-15 cm, and the ridge spacing is 35 cm.

[0006] Preferably, the margins on both sides of the corn rows and peanut ridges are 0.3-0.4 m.

[0007] Preferably, corn is sown in holes, with two kernels per hole.

[0008] Preferably, during the tasting stage of corn, two corn plants in the same hole are bundled together, and the distance between the stem nodes of the bundled parts of the two corn plants can be 1-2 cm.

[0009] Preferably, the binding position is located 1-2 cm below the lowest ear position.

[0010] Preferably, the peanuts are sown in holes, with two peanuts per hole.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The intercropping method provided by the present invention improves the root activity of peanuts by adjusting the distance between peanut ridges and corn rows, thereby greatly eliminating the disadvantages of peanuts during intercropping, effectively controlling peanut stem rot, and increasing the yield of peanuts and corn; (2) The intercropping method provided by the present invention can effectively inhibit the ineffective growth of corn leaves and branches by bundling the corn. At the same time, bundling at a specific period can ensure more nutrition and ensure the growth of the ears, and the stems are more solid. The plant communities formed by the two through a specific planting method can isolate the spread of diseases from each other, improve the disease resistance of crops, and reduce the use of pesticides. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 Bundle the ears of corn at the bottom; Figure 2 Specific bundling effect diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The technical solution of the present invention is further explained and illustrated by means of specific embodiments below.

[0014] The experimental field of the present invention is located in the Experimental Demonstration Base of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Dongying Base).

[0015] Example 1 A method for intercropping fresh corn and peanuts for controlling peanut stalk rot; peanuts are intercropped between two rows of corn, and the peanuts are planted in ridges, with the distance between the peanut ridge edge and the corn row being 0.3-0.4m; the corn row spacing is 50cm, and the corn plant spacing is 20cm; the peanut ridge spacing is 35cm, the row spacing is 30cm, and the peanut hole spacing is 13cm.

[0016] Corn is sown in holes, with two kernels per hole. During the tasseling period, two corn plants in the same hole are bundled together. The distance between the stem nodes of the two corn plants should be 1-2 cm. The bundling position should be at the lowest ear position (specifically, Figure 1-2 1-2 cm below the cervical spine (as shown).

[0017] Comparative Example 1 A method for intercropping fresh corn and peanuts for controlling peanut stalk rot; peanuts are intercropped between two rows of corn, and the peanuts are planted in ridges, with the distance between the peanut ridge edge and the corn row being 0.3-0.4m; the corn row spacing is 50-55cm, and the corn plant spacing is 15-20cm; the peanut ridge spacing is 35cm, the row spacing is 30-35cm, and the peanut hole spacing is 12-15cm.

[0018] Effect verification Planting was carried out according to the relevant modes of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, and other field management modes were the same. The corn variety was Lutian 105, and the peanut variety was Jihuahong No. 5; each experiment was repeated three times, with a total of 6 experimental plots; sowing was carried out in mid-May; after the peanuts were terminated, mulch was used for covering. The dry weight of the mature corn was counted; during the experiment, 15 days after bundling, it happened to be windy and rainy weather, and the lodging rate of the corn was counted after the strong wind (the angle between the stem and the ground was less than 45°); the incidence of peanut stalk rot was counted; the corn was not straightened after lodging. The yield was counted after harvest, and the specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0019] Table 1 The per-acre yield of corn and peanuts was calculated. Corn was calculated based on fresh weight, and peanuts were calculated based on final kernel dry weight. The specific results are shown in Table 2.

[0020] Table 2

Claims

1. A method for intercropping fresh corn and peanuts to control peanut stem rot, characterized in that: Two rows of corn are intercropped with two ridges of peanuts. Peanuts are planted in ridges, with two rows of peanuts planted in each ridge. The corn row spacing is 50-55cm, and the corn plant spacing is 15-20cm; the peanut row spacing is 30-35cm, the peanut hole spacing is 12-15cm, and the ridge spacing is 35cm.

2. The intercropping method according to claim 1, wherein The margins on both sides of corn rows and peanut ridges are 0.3-0.4m.

3. The intercropping method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: Corn is sown in holes, with two kernels per hole.

4. The intercropping method according to claim 3, wherein: During the tasting stage of corn, two corn plants in the same hole should be bundled together. The distance between the stem nodes of the two corn plants should be 1-2 cm.

5. The intercropping method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tying position is 1-2 cm below the lowest ear.

6. The intercropping method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Peanuts are sown in holes, with two seeds in each hole.

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