Device and method for preparing green hydrogen through photovoltaic coupling straw fermentation

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic coupling straw fermentation green hydrogen preparation device, which comprises a pretreatment tank, a fermentation tank, a photovoltaic panel, an inverter and a storage battery, the photovoltaic panel is respectively connected with the inverter and the storage battery, the inverter is connected with the storage battery, the inverter is connected with the pretreatment tank and the fermentation tank, and the fermentation tank is connected with the photovoltaic panel. Each of the pretreatment tank and the fermentation tank comprises a tank body, a stirring device, an electric heater and a temperature sensor, the stirring device is arranged in the tank body, the electric heater is arranged at the bottom in the tank body, the temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the tank body is mounted on the tank body, a feeding hole is formed in the top of the tank body, a discharging hole is formed in the bottom of the tank body, and the top of the tank body is connected with a gas collector; a discharge port of the pretreatment tank is communicated with a feed port of the fermentation tank through a material pipe, and a conveying pump is arranged on the material pipe. The device is scientific and reasonable in structural design, fully utilizes solar energy to participate in anaerobic fermentation to prepare green hydrogen, is safe and environment-friendly, and is high in resource utilization rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a green hydrogen production device, and in particular to a photovoltaic-coupled straw fermentation green hydrogen production device and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Green hydrogen, a renewable energy source, has attracted considerable attention due to its zero-carbon emissions, abundant reserves, and ease of long-term storage. The promotion and application of green hydrogen production technologies plays a crucial role in achieving the dual carbon goals.

[0003] Biomass hydrogen production technology is one of the key technologies for green hydrogen production. At present, biomass hydrogen production technology mainly covers thermochemical hydrogen production and anaerobic fermentation hydrogen production. In the process of thermochemical biomass hydrogen production, there is a significant endothermic effect. When producing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas, a large amount of heat input is required, which greatly increases energy consumption. In addition, the application of thermochemical biomass hydrogen production technology is also limited because its product hydrogen contains impurities such as CO, H2S and tar. Anaerobic fermentation hydrogen production is the conversion of organic substrates into hydrogen by anaerobic microorganisms through hydrogenase and nitrogenase. In comparison, the advantages of biomass microbial hydrogen production are: (1) mild reaction conditions, which can be carried out at room temperature and pressure. (2) simple production process and low cost. (3) no primary energy is consumed, the content of pollutants in the product is low, and environmental pollution is small. (4) the substrate source is wide. Therefore, biomass anaerobic fermentation hydrogen production technology is regarded as one of the most promising hydrogen production technologies.

[0004] As my country develops agriculture and animal husbandry, it produces a large amount of agricultural and animal husbandry waste, such as straw and cow dung. If a large amount of straw is directly burned, it will produce a large amount of pollutants such as smoke, dust, and sulfur dioxide, which will not only pollute the air, but also affect traffic and people's health. If cow dung is randomly piled or discharged, it will pollute the soil and water sources, breed bacteria and mosquitoes, and spread diseases. Straw, as a common agricultural waste, is an easily accessible hydrogen-rich biomass resource. my country has abundant straw biomass resources, and straw raw materials have the advantages of low price, strong renewability, and easy availability. It is an ideal raw material for biomass hydrogen production. Using straw and cow dung for anaerobic fermentation to produce hydrogen can not only turn these wastes into "treasures" to obtain green hydrogen energy, but also reduce environmental pollution, realize the resource utilization of waste, help solve environmental pressure problems, and have broad application prospects and important environmental significance.

[0005] Regions with developed agriculture and animal husbandry are generally located in northern my country (such as the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region). These regions experience low temperatures and large diurnal temperature swings, requiring energy consumption to provide a suitable living environment for fermentation microorganisms, limiting the widespread application of straw fermentation hydrogen production technology. However, these regions enjoy ample sunshine and abundant solar energy resources, which can be fully utilized to address heating and insulation issues during the pretreatment and fermentation processes, ensuring smooth and stable fermentation hydrogen production, and reducing additional energy input to the system. Based on this, an anaerobic fermentation system based on photovoltaic power generation and heating can be designed to provide technical support for the widespread application of straw fermentation green hydrogen production technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the above-mentioned existing technologies and provide a photovoltaic-coupled straw fermentation green hydrogen production device and method. The device has a scientific and reasonable structural design, fully utilizes solar energy to participate in anaerobic fermentation hydrogen production, is safe and environmentally friendly, and has high resource utilization.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a photovoltaic-coupled straw fermentation green hydrogen production device, characterized in that it includes a pretreatment tank, a fermentation tank, a photovoltaic panel, an inverter and a battery, the photovoltaic panel is connected to the inverter and the battery respectively, the inverter is connected to the battery, and the inverter is connected to the pretreatment tank and the fermentation tank. The pretreatment tank and the fermentation tank both include a tank body, a stirring device, an electric heater and a temperature sensor. A stirring device is provided in the tank body, an electric heater is provided at the bottom of the tank body, and a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the tank body is installed on the tank body. A feed port is provided at the top of the tank body, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the tank body. The top of the tank body is connected to a gas collector, and the discharge port of the pretreatment tank is connected to the feed port of the fermentation tank through a material pipe, and a delivery pump is provided on the material pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the stirring device includes a stirring shaft and stirring blades, the stirring shaft is rotatably installed in the tank body, a plurality of stirring blades are connected to the circumference of the stirring shaft, a motor is arranged on the top of the tank body, and the rotating shaft of the motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the stirring shaft.

[0009] Preferably, a pH sensor for detecting the pH value inside the tank is provided on the top of the tank body, and a pressure gauge and a pressure reducing valve are provided on the tank body to balance the pressure and improve safety.

[0010] Preferably, the inverter is connected to the motors and electric heaters on the pretreatment tank and the fermentation tank.

[0011] Preferably, the pretreatment tank and the fermentation tank are provided with a feeding port at the top and a discharging port at the bottom.

[0012] Preferably, a PLC controller is further included, wherein the signal input end of the PLC controller is connected to the pH sensor and the temperature sensor, the control signal output end of the PLC controller is connected to the motor and the electric heater, and the power port of the PLC controller is connected to the inverter.

[0013] A method for producing green hydrogen by photovoltaic-coupled straw fermentation comprises the following steps: S1. Add straw and dilute sulfuric acid into the pretreatment tank through the feeding port, with the solid-liquid ratio of straw to sulfuric acid being 1:10; S2. Turn on the photovoltaic panel. The DC power generated by the photovoltaic panel is converted into AC power by the inverter to power the motor and electric heater. The heating temperature of the electric heater of the pretreatment tank is set to 80°C for 2 hours for pretreatment. S3. The pretreated straw mixture in the pretreatment tank is delivered to the fermentation tank through a delivery pump, and the stirring device is started for heat dissipation and cooling. When the temperature sensor in the fermentation tank detects that the temperature has dropped to 37°C, alkali solution is added to the fermentation tank through the feeding port to adjust the pH value. When the pH sensor detects that the pH value is 7.0, the domesticated cow dung compost bacterial liquid is added to the fermentation tank through the feeding port. The heating temperature of the electric heater in the fermentation tank is set to 37°C, and the stirring speed of the stirring device in the fermentation tank is set to 120rpm to enter a constant temperature fermentation state. The fermentation time is 35h.

[0014] S4. After the fermentation tank completes fermentation, the gas is collected through a gas collector.

[0015] Preferably, the photovoltaic panel supplies power to the inverter while also charging the battery. When the lighting conditions are insufficient, such as at night or on rainy days, the battery discharges the power to the inverter.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The structural design of the present invention is scientific and reasonable, with strong practicality. It effectively combines solar energy and biomass hydrogen production, reduces the cost of biomass hydrogen production, and achieves zero-carbon production of green hydrogen without relying on fossil energy. It can be promoted and used.

[0017] 2. The present invention realizes temperature control through the PLC controller, accurately adjusts the fermentation temperature, controls the stirring speed through the PLC controller, realizes linkage control between various components, has a high degree of automation, low hydrogen production cost, and high hydrogen production efficiency.

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fermentation tank in the present invention.

[0021] Description of reference numerals: DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Example 1 like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a photovoltaic-coupled straw fermentation green hydrogen production device, including a pretreatment tank 4, a fermentation tank 5, a photovoltaic panel 1, an inverter 2 and a battery 3, the photovoltaic panel 1 is connected to the inverter 2 and the battery 3 respectively, the inverter 2 is connected to the battery 3, the inverter 2 is connected to the pretreatment tank 4 and the fermentation tank 5, the pretreatment tank 4 and the fermentation tank 5 each include a tank body 10, a stirring device 14, an electric heater 12 and a temperature sensor 9, a stirring device 14 is provided in the tank body 10, an electric heater 12 is provided at the bottom of the tank body 10, a temperature sensor 9 for detecting the temperature in the tank body 10 is installed on the tank body 10, a feed port 6 is provided at the top of the tank body 10, a discharge port 11 is provided at the bottom of the tank body 10, the top of the tank body 10 is connected to the gas collector 8, the discharge port 11 of the pretreatment tank 4 is connected to the feed port 6 of the fermentation tank 5 through a material pipe, and a delivery pump is provided on the material pipe.

[0023] In this embodiment, the stirring device 14 includes a stirring shaft and stirring blades. The stirring shaft is rotatably installed in the tank body 10. Multiple stirring blades are connected to the circumference of the stirring shaft. A motor 7 is set at the top of the tank body 10, and the rotating shaft of the motor 7 is coaxially fixedly connected to the stirring shaft.

[0024] In this embodiment, a pH sensor 13 for detecting the pH value in the tank body 10 is provided on the top of the tank body 10. A pressure gauge and a pressure reducing valve are provided on the tank body 10 to ensure the pressure balance of the tank body 10 and improve safety.

[0025] In this embodiment, the inverter 2 is connected to the motor 7 and the electric heater 12 on the pretreatment tank 4 and the fermentation tank 5 .

[0026] In this embodiment, the pretreatment tank 4 and the fermentation tank 5 are provided with a feeding port at the top and a discharging port at the bottom.

[0027] In this embodiment, a PLC controller is also included, wherein the signal input end of the PLC controller is connected to the pH sensor 13 and the temperature sensor 9, the control signal output end of the PLC controller is connected to the motor 7 and the electric heater 12, and the power port of the PLC controller is connected to the inverter 2.

[0028] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic panel 1 is installed at an angle of 30-45°, and the inverter 2 outputs 220V AC power. While the photovoltaic panel powers the inverter, it also charges the battery. When sunlight is insufficient, such as at night or on rainy days, the battery discharges the power to the inverter.

[0029] Example 2 A method for producing green hydrogen by photovoltaic-coupled straw fermentation comprises the following steps: S1. Add corn straw (crushed to 40 mesh size) and 0.8% dilute sulfuric acid into the pretreatment tank 4 through the feeding port. The solid-liquid ratio of corn straw to dilute sulfuric acid is 1:10, that is, 10 mL of dilute sulfuric acid is added simultaneously with 1 g of corn straw. S2, turn on the photovoltaic panel 1, the direct current generated by the photovoltaic panel 1 is converted by the inverter 2 into alternating current to power the motor 7 and the electric heater 12, and the heating temperature of the electric heater 12 of the pretreatment tank 4 is set to 80° C. for 2 hours to pretreat the corn straw to destroy the cellulose and hemicellulose structure; S3, the corn straw mixture pretreated in the pretreatment tank 4 is fed into the fermentation tank 5 through a delivery pump, and the stirring device 14 is started to dissipate heat and cool. When the temperature sensor 9 in the fermentation tank 5 detects that the temperature has dropped to 37°C, alkali solution is added to the fermentation tank 5 through the feeding port to adjust the pH value. When the pH sensor 13 detects that the pH value is 7.0, the domesticated cow dung compost bacterial liquid is added to the fermentation tank 5 through the feeding port; the heating temperature of the electric heater 12 in the fermentation tank 5 is set to 35°C, and the stirring speed of the stirring device 14 in the fermentation tank 5 is set to 120rpm to enter a constant temperature fermentation state. In the constant temperature fermentation state, the temperature is 37±1°C and the fermentation time is 35h.

[0030] S4. After the fermentation in the fermentation tank 5 is completed, the gas is collected by the gas collector 8 and discharged through the discharge port 11 on the fermentation tank 5.

[0031] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic panel 1 supplies power to the inverter 2 while also charging the battery 3. When the lighting conditions are insufficient, such as at night or on rainy days, the battery 3 discharges the power to the inverter 2.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent variation made to the above embodiment based on the essence of the invention technology shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic coupled straw fermentation device for producing green hydrogen, characterized in that: The invention comprises a pretreatment tank (4), a fermentation tank (5), a photovoltaic panel (1), an inverter (2) and a battery (3), wherein the photovoltaic panel (1) is connected to the inverter (2) and the battery (3), respectively, the inverter (2) is connected to the battery (3), the inverter (2) is connected to the pretreatment tank (4) and the fermentation tank (5), and the pretreatment tank (4) and the fermentation tank (5) each comprise a tank body (10), a stirring device (14), an electric heater (12) and a temperature sensor (9), and a stirring device (14) is provided in the tank body (10). A stirring device (14) is provided at the bottom of the tank body (10), an electric heater (12) is provided at the bottom of the tank body (10), a temperature sensor (9) for detecting the temperature inside the tank body (10) is installed on the tank body (10), a feed port (6) is provided at the top of the tank body (10), a discharge port (11) is provided at the bottom of the tank body (10), the top of the tank body (10) is connected to a gas collector (8), the discharge port (11) of the pretreatment tank (4) is connected to the feed port (6) of the fermentation tank (5) through a feed pipe, and a delivery pump is provided on the feed pipe.

2. The photovoltaic-coupled straw fermentation green hydrogen production device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The stirring device (14) comprises a stirring shaft and stirring blades. The stirring shaft is rotatably mounted in the tank body (10). A plurality of stirring blades are connected to the circumference of the stirring shaft. A motor (7) is provided on the top of the tank body (10). The rotating shaft of the motor (7) is coaxially fixedly connected to the stirring shaft.

3. The photovoltaic-coupled straw fermentation green hydrogen production device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A pH sensor (13) for detecting the pH value in the tank (10) is provided on the top of the tank (10), and a pressure gauge and a pressure reducing valve are provided on the tank (10).

4. The photovoltaic-coupled straw fermentation green hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inverter (2) is connected to the motor (7) and the electric heater (12) on the pretreatment tank (4) and the fermentation tank (5).

5. The photovoltaic-coupled straw fermentation green hydrogen production device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Feeding ports are provided on the tops of the pretreatment tank (4) and the fermentation tank (5).

6. The photovoltaic-coupled straw fermentation green hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises a PLC controller, wherein a signal input end of the PLC controller is connected to a pH sensor (13) and a temperature sensor (9), a control signal output end of the PLC controller is connected to a motor (7) and an electric heater (12), and a power supply port of the PLC controller is connected to an inverter (2).

7. A method for producing green hydrogen from straw fermentation using the photovoltaic coupled straw fermentation green hydrogen production device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, adding straw and dilute sulfuric acid into the pretreatment tank (4) through the feeding port, with the solid-liquid ratio of straw to dilute sulfuric acid being 1:10; S2, turning on the photovoltaic panel (1), the direct current generated by the photovoltaic panel (1) is converted into alternating current by the inverter (2) to power the motor (7) and the electric heater (12), and the heating temperature of the electric heater (12) of the pretreatment tank (4) is set to 80° C. for 2 hours to perform pretreatment; S3, the straw mixture pretreated in the pretreatment tank (4) is fed into the fermentation tank (5) through a delivery pump, and the stirring device (14) is started to dissipate heat and cool. When the temperature sensor (9) in the fermentation tank (5) detects that the temperature has dropped to 37°C, alkali solution is added to the fermentation tank (5) through the feeding port to adjust the pH value. When the pH sensor (13) detects that the pH value is 7.0, the domesticated cow dung compost bacterial solution is added to the fermentation tank (5) through the feeding port; the heating temperature of the electric heater (12) in the fermentation tank (5) is set to 37°C, and the stirring speed of the stirring device (14) in the fermentation tank (5) is set to 120 rpm to enter a constant temperature fermentation state, and the fermentation time is 35 hours; S4. After the fermentation is completed in the fermentation tank (5), the gas is collected by the gas collector (8).

8. The method for producing green hydrogen by photovoltaic-coupled straw fermentation according to claim 7, characterized in that: While the photovoltaic panel (1) supplies power to the inverter (2), the photovoltaic panel (1) also charges the battery (3). When the light conditions are insufficient, the battery (3) discharges the power to the inverter (2).

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