Supporting structure for andesite stratum tunnel construction and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction supporting, in particular to a supporting structure for andesite stratum tunnel construction and a using method thereof.The supporting structure comprises a support body, a supporting mechanism is fixedly connected to the top end of the support body, a gas tank is installed on the support body through bolts, and a locking mechanism is arranged in the support body. According to the dry-type transformer production and assembly equipment, through the arrangement of the supporting mechanism and the arrangement of a plurality of locking plates, a plurality of supporting plates are locked, the dry-type transformer can be rapidly attached to the inner wall of a tunnel for supporting operation, through the arrangement of a control piece, after the locking plates and the supporting plates are unfolded, a transmission rod and a connecting rod can be locked, and the supporting operation is more convenient. The stability of the supporting structure is guaranteed, and through the arrangement of the locking mechanism, the two supporting telescopic rods can be rapidly controlled to be opened and locked when the pressure change exceeds a threshold value, the supporting structure of the support body is increased, and collapse is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of tunnel construction support, in particular to a support structure for andesite stratum tunnel construction and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Andesite is a neutral, calc-alkaline extrusive rock with a composition comparable to that of diorite. It is the most widespread volcanic rock in orogenic belts. Minerals associated with it include copper, lead, zinc, and gold. Mining operations within these strata require tunnel construction. Due to uncertainties surrounding the mountain's stability, tunnel walls must be supported during construction to prevent collapse.

[0003] It was found that the following problems have not been well solved: when performing support operations, workers need to set a large number of support parts on the inner wall of the tunnel by welding, which makes it more dangerous and labor-intensive when working at high altitudes, and is inconvenient for construction operations. After support, a single support structure can only withstand pressure changes within a small range. When the tunnel encounters an emergency, the support structure will collapse due to insufficient bearing capacity, posing a major safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a support structure for tunnel construction in andesite strata and a method for its use, in order to address the problems raised in the above-mentioned background art. To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a support structure for tunnel construction in andesite strata, comprising a support body, a support mechanism fixedly connected to the top of the support body, a gas tank bolted to the upper portion of the support body, and a locking mechanism disposed within the support body;

[0005] The support mechanism includes a transmission chamber, which is fixedly connected to the top of the bracket body. A transmission rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the transmission chamber, and a control member is provided inside the transmission rod. A toggle ring is slidably connected to the inner wall of the transmission rod. A lever is hinged to the top of the toggle ring, and the shaft end of the lever is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the transmission rod. A wedge block is hinged to the top of the lever, and the top of the wedge block passes through the transmission chamber.

[0006] An inner fan-shaped disk is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the transmission rod, and a plurality of equally spaced circular array arc grooves are provided on the outer wall of the inner fan-shaped disk, and a transmission plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the arc groove, and the cross-section of the transmission plate is an L-shaped structure. The top of the transmission plate is fixedly connected to a support plate, and a piston plate is inserted into the other side of the support plate, and a piston cavity is inserted into the outer wall of the piston plate, and the piston cavity is provided in the inner wall of the transmission bin.

[0007] Preferably, the control member includes a connecting groove, which is opened on the outer wall of the transmission rod, and a connecting rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting groove through a bearing, and the end face of the connecting rod has a gear surface formed by machining, and a gear plate is meshed on the end face of the connecting rod, and the gear plate slides inside the connecting groove, and the rear end of the gear plate is fixedly connected to the insertion rod, and one end of the insertion rod passes through the transmission rod and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the toggle ring, the bottom end of the toggle ring is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve, and the sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the transmission warehouse, the front end of the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to a compression spring, and the front end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to a push plate, and the front end of the push plate is fixedly connected to a locking rod, and the locking rod is plugged into the inner wall of the transmission warehouse.

[0008] Preferably, the control member further comprises a control sleeve, the control sleeve being fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transmission compartment, and the inner wall of the control sleeve being provided with a plurality of control blocks in a circular array at equal intervals, the outer walls of the plurality of control blocks being slidably connected to the inner wall of the control sleeve, and the outer walls of the plurality of control blocks being fixedly connected to return springs, and the ends of the plurality of return springs being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the control sleeve, and one side of the plurality of control blocks having a machined inclined surface;

[0009] A limiting plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the control sleeve, and the surface of the limiting plate has a gear surface formed by mechanical processing.

[0010] Preferably, the support mechanism further comprises an outer sector disk, the inner wall of the outer sector disk is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod, and the outer wall of the outer sector disk is provided with a plurality of guide grooves arranged in an annular array with equal spacing, and the inner walls of the plurality of guide grooves are all slidably connected with the same structure, and the top end of the transmission plate is fixedly connected to a locking plate;

[0011] The guide groove and the arc groove are both arranged in an arc-shaped structure, and the curvature of the guide groove is greater than that of the arc groove.

[0012] Preferably, the support plate includes a pressure-bearing groove, which is opened on the inner wall of the support plate, and the inner wall of the pressure-bearing groove is slidingly connected to the outer wall of the piston plate, a pressure plate is slidingly connected in the inner wall of the pressure-bearing groove, and the bottom end of the pressure plate has a wedge-shaped surface formed by a mechanical frame, and the bottom end of the wedge-shaped surface is fit-connected with a pressure block, the bottom end of the pressure block is fixedly connected to a pneumatic rod, and the end of the pneumatic rod is fixedly connected to the pressure-bearing groove, the end of the pneumatic rod is plugged into the outer wall of the piston plate, and the pneumatic rod is initially in a compressed state.

[0013] Preferably, the locking mechanism includes a rotating chamber, which is opened inside the bracket body, a locking sleeve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating chamber, and a control rod is inserted into the inner wall of the locking sleeve through a spline, the locking sleeve and the control rod are connected by a spring, the front end of the control rod is rotatably connected to the supporting telescopic rod, and the top end of the supporting telescopic rod is hinged to a moving seat, and the moving seat is slidably connected to the top end of the bracket body;

[0014] The bottom end of the supporting telescopic rod is hingedly connected to a ground insertion rod, and a receiving groove is opened on the side wall of the ground insertion rod, and a supporting rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the receiving groove. The other end of the supporting rod is hinged to the outer wall of the supporting telescopic rod through a torsion spring, and the top end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected to a plug-in plate, and the front end of the plug-in plate is plugged into the side wall of the movable end of the supporting telescopic rod;

[0015] The support rod is a spring telescopic rod;

[0016] The interior of the locking sleeve is connected to the gas tank through a gas pipeline.

[0017] Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises an air chamber, the air chamber is provided on the outer wall of the bracket body, and an airtight plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the air chamber, and both ends of the airtight plate are fixedly connected to a push sleeve, the inner wall of the push sleeve is slidably connected to the valve shaft, and a spiral groove is provided on the outer wall of the valve shaft, a spring telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the push sleeve, and the outer wall of the spring telescopic rod is slidably connected to the spiral groove;

[0018] A vent valve is connected to the outer wall of the gas tank;

[0019] A telescopic spring rod is hinged on the outer wall of the supporting telescopic rod, and the side wall of the telescopic spring rod is hinged to the inner wall of the bracket body.

[0020] A method for using a support structure for andesite stratum tunnel construction comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1. The staff can place the bracket body on the ground of the tunnel through concrete. At this time, the staff can rotate the connecting rod. At this time, since the wedge block on the toggle ring is still in the inner wall of the inner sector disk, the connecting rod and the gear plate are connected, and the connecting rod can drive the transmission rod to rotate. Since the arc groove is smaller than the curvature of the guide groove, when the inner sector disk and the outer sector disk rotate at the same time, the arc groove with a smaller curvature can enable the transmission plate to move faster, causing the support plate wall locking plate to fit with the tunnel wall first. At this time, the support plate moves to the maximum position and cannot move. The wedge block is squeezed by the inner wall of the outer sector disk and moves downward a short distance, which can enable the toggle ring to slide backward through the downward movement of the wedge block;

[0022] S2. As the toggle ring moves backward, it pulls the front gear plate backward, separating the gear plate from the gear surface of the connecting rod and releasing the meshing. At this time, the connecting rod and the transmission rod are disconnected from each other. At the same time, the toggle ring moves backward, and the sliding sleeve squeezes the spring to push the locking rod forward, so that the locking rod penetrates the transmission rod and connects to the side wall of the transmission chamber. At this time, the transmission rod cannot rotate, locking the inner sector disk.

[0023] S3. The connecting rod continues to rotate, driving the outer sector disc to rotate continuously until the top of the locking plate is in contact with the tunnel surface. At this time, because the surface of the limit disc has a machined gear surface, and one side of the several control blocks has a machined inclined surface, the limit disc can only rotate in one direction, thus locking the connecting rod in one direction.

[0024] S4. When the stress of the tunnel inner wall on the support plate changes, the pressure plate in the support plate is subjected to excessive pressure and is pressed downward. The bottom end of the pressure plate squeezes the pressure block, and the pressure block moves backward to push the gas pressure rod to continue to compress until it exceeds the maximum position. The gas pressure rod is separated from the piston plate. The piston plate stretches the spring when it moves up synchronously with the support plate. At this time, the spring resets, and the reset of the piston plate allows the gas in the piston cavity to be input into the gas chamber, squeezing the airtight plate downward. Through the setting of the spiral groove on the valve shaft, the push sleeve of the airtight plate moves downward, and the valve in the gas tank is opened;

[0025] S5. Then the high-pressure gas in the gas tank quickly impacts the locking sleeve, moving the locking sleeve out of the rotating bin, so that the locking sleeve is unlocked, and the supporting telescopic rod is pushed out by the thrust of the telescopic spring rod with a strong spring. When the supporting telescopic rod is unfolded, the bottom of the movable end of the supporting telescopic rod is separated from the plug-in plate. At this time, through the setting of the torsion spring, the supporting rod rotates, pushing the ground-inserting rod to unfold, so that the ground-inserting rod contacts the ground, so that under the action of continuous pressure, the ground-inserting rod can be inserted into the soil layer when it collapses, further supporting the support body.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] In the present invention, by providing a supporting mechanism and providing a plurality of locking plates, a plurality of supporting plates are locked, so as to achieve rapid contact with the inner wall of the tunnel for supporting operations.

[0028] In the present invention, by setting the control member, the transmission rod and the connecting rod can be locked after the locking plate and the support plate are unfolded, thereby ensuring the stability of the supporting structure.

[0029] In the present invention, by setting the locking mechanism, when the pressure change exceeds a threshold, the two supporting telescopic rods can be quickly controlled to open and lock, thereby increasing the supporting structure of the bracket body and avoiding collapse. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the general assembly cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the transmission chamber of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the transmission chamber of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A in the middle is an enlarged structural diagram;

[0034] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the transmission compartment in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the inner sector disk in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the support plate in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the outer sector disk in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the control component in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the supporting telescopic rod in the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0040] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the supporting telescopic rod in the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0041] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 Enlarged structural diagram at point B in the middle.

[0042] In the figure: 1. bracket body; 2. support mechanism; 21. transmission compartment; 22. transmission rod; 23. control member; 231. connecting groove; 232. connecting rod; 233. gear plate; 234. insertion rod; 235. sliding sleeve; 236. push plate; 237. locking rod; 238. control sleeve; 239. control block; 24. toggle ring; 25. wedge block; 26. inner sector disk; 27. arc groove; 28. transmission plate; 29. ​​support plate; 291. pressure groove; 292. pressure plate; 293. Pressure block; 294. Pneumatic rod; 210. Piston plate; 211. Piston chamber; 212. Outer fan-shaped disk; 213. Guide groove; 214. Locking plate; 3. Gas tank; 4. Locking mechanism; 41. Rotating chamber; 42. Locking sleeve; 43. Control rod; 44. Support telescopic rod; 45. Moving seat; 46. Ground rod; 47. Accommodating groove; 48. Support rod; 49. Plug-in plate; 410. Gas chamber; 411. Airtight plate; 412. Push sleeve; 413. Spring telescopic rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] See also Figures 1 to 12 The present invention provides a technical solution: a support structure for tunnel construction in andesite strata, comprising a support body 1, a support mechanism 2 being fixedly connected to the top of the support body 1, a gas tank 3 being mounted on the upper portion of the support body 1 by bolts, and a locking mechanism 4 being provided inside the support body 1;

[0045] The support mechanism 2 includes a transmission chamber 21, which is fixedly connected to the top of the bracket body 1. A transmission rod 22 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the transmission chamber 21, and a control member 23 is provided inside the transmission rod 22. A toggle ring 24 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the transmission rod 22. A lever is hinged to the top of the toggle ring 24, and the shaft end of the lever is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the transmission rod 22. A wedge block 25 is hinged to the top of the lever, and the top of the wedge block 25 passes through the transmission chamber 21.

[0046] An inner fan-shaped disk 26 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the transmission rod 22, and a plurality of equally spaced circular array arc grooves 27 are provided on the outer wall of the inner fan-shaped disk 26, and a transmission plate 28 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the arc groove 27, and the cross-section of the transmission plate 28 is an L-shaped structure. The top of the transmission plate 28 is fixedly connected to a support plate 29, and a piston plate 210 is inserted on the other side of the support plate 29, and a piston cavity 211 is inserted on the outer wall of the piston plate 210, and the piston cavity 211 is opened in the inner wall of the transmission chamber 21.

[0047] In this embodiment, Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the control member 23 includes a connecting groove 231, which is opened on the outer wall of the transmission rod 22, and a connecting rod 232 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting groove 231 through a bearing, and the end face of the connecting rod 232 has a gear surface formed by machining, and a gear plate 233 is engaged on the end face of the connecting rod 232, and the gear plate 233 slides inside the connecting groove 231, and the rear end of the gear plate 233 is fixedly connected to the insertion rod 234, and one end of the insertion rod 234 passes through the transmission rod 22 and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the toggle ring 24, and the toggle ring 24 The bottom end is fixedly connected with a sliding sleeve 235, and the sliding sleeve 235 is slidably connected to the transmission compartment 21, the front end of the sliding sleeve 235 is fixedly connected with a compression spring, and the front end of the compression spring is fixedly connected with a push plate 236, and the front end of the push plate 236 is fixedly connected with a locking rod 237, and the locking rod 237 is plugged into the inner wall of the transmission compartment 21. By separately arranging the connecting rod 232 and the transmission rod 22, the locking rod 237 can be fully expanded after the support plate 29 is expanded to lock the support plate 29, thereby avoiding the problem of loose support.

[0048] In this embodiment, Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the control member 23 also includes a control sleeve 238, which is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transmission chamber 21. The inner wall of the control sleeve 238 is provided with a plurality of control blocks 239 in a ring array with equal spacing. The outer walls of the plurality of control blocks 239 are slidably connected to the inner wall of the control sleeve 238, and the outer walls of the plurality of control blocks 239 are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the plurality of control blocks 239. The ends of the plurality of return springs are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the control sleeve 238. One side of the plurality of control blocks 239 has a machined inclined surface.

[0049] A limit plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the control sleeve 238, and the surface of the limit plate has a gear surface formed by machining. Through the setting of the limit plate, the connection rod 232 can be restricted from rotating in a single direction.

[0050] In this embodiment, Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the support mechanism 2 also includes an outer sector disk 212, the inner wall of the outer sector disk 212 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod 232, and the outer wall of the outer sector disk 212 is provided with a plurality of guide grooves 213 arranged in an annular array at equal intervals, and the inner walls of the plurality of guide grooves 213 are all slidably connected with the same structure, and the top end of the transmission plate 28 is fixedly connected to a locking plate 214;

[0051] The guide groove 213 and the arc groove 27 are both arc-shaped structures, and the curvature of the guide groove 213 is greater than that of the arc groove 27, so that the expansion speed of the support plate 29 is greater than the expansion speed of the locking plate 214, so that the locking plate 214 can be accurately inserted between the two support plates 29 to lock the position of the support plate 29.

[0052] In this embodiment, Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the support plate 29 includes a pressure-bearing groove 291, which is opened on the inner wall of the support plate 29, and the inner wall of the pressure-bearing groove 291 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the piston plate 210, and a pressure plate 292 is slidably connected in the inner wall of the pressure-bearing groove 291, and the bottom end of the pressure plate 292 has a wedge-shaped surface formed by a mechanical frame, and the bottom end of the wedge-shaped surface is fitted with a pressure block 293, and the bottom end of the pressure block 293 is fixedly connected to a pneumatic rod 294, and the end of the pneumatic rod 294 is fixedly connected to the pressure-bearing groove 291, and the end of the pneumatic rod 294 is plugged into the outer wall of the piston plate 210, and the pneumatic rod 294 is initially in a compressed state. Through the continuous squeezing of the pneumatic rod 294 under pressure, when the critical value is reached, the restriction of the piston plate 210 can be released and the locking mechanism 4 can be triggered.

[0053] In this embodiment, Figure 2 、 Figure 5 and Figure 11 As shown, the locking mechanism 4 includes a rotating chamber 41, which is opened inside the bracket body 1. A locking sleeve 42 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating chamber 41, and a control rod 43 is inserted into the inner wall of the locking sleeve 42 through a spline. The locking sleeve 42 and the control rod 43 are connected by a spring. The front end of the control rod 43 is rotatably connected to a supporting telescopic rod 44, and the top end of the supporting telescopic rod 44 is hinged to a movable seat 45, and the movable seat 45 is slidably connected to the top end of the bracket body 1;

[0054] The bottom end of the supporting telescopic rod 44 is hingedly connected to a ground insertion rod 46, and a receiving groove 47 is opened on the side wall of the ground insertion rod 46. A supporting rod 48 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the receiving groove 47. The other end of the supporting rod 48 is hinged to the outer wall of the supporting telescopic rod 44 through a torsion spring, and the top end of the supporting rod 48 is fixedly connected to a plug-in plate 49. The front end of the plug-in plate 49 is plugged into the side wall of the movable end of the supporting telescopic rod 44;

[0055] The support rod 48 is provided by a spring telescopic rod 413;

[0056] The interior of the locking sleeve 42 is connected to the gas tank 3 through the gas pipeline. By supporting the rapid expansion of the telescopic rod 44, additional support is provided to the interior of the bracket body 1 to avoid direct collapse and safety accidents.

[0057] In this embodiment, Figure 5 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the locking mechanism 4 also includes an air chamber 410, which is provided on the outer wall of the bracket body 1, and an airtight plate 411 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the air chamber 410, and both ends of the airtight plate 411 are fixedly connected to a push sleeve 412, the inner wall of the push sleeve 412 is slidably connected to the valve shaft, and a spiral groove is provided on the outer wall of the valve shaft, the inner wall of the push sleeve 412 is fixedly connected to a spring telescopic rod 413, and the outer wall of the spring telescopic rod 413 is slidably connected to the spiral groove;

[0058] A vent valve is connected to the outer wall of the gas tank 3;

[0059] A telescopic spring rod is hinged on the outer wall of the supporting telescopic rod 44, and the side wall of the telescopic spring rod is hinged to the inner wall of the bracket body 1. Through the setting of the telescopic spring rod, it is convenient to quickly open the supporting telescopic plate for secondary support.

[0060] In this embodiment, Figures 1 to 12 As shown, a method for using a support structure for andesite stratum tunnel construction includes the following steps:

[0061] S1. The staff can place the bracket body 1 on the ground of the tunnel through the concrete. At this time, the staff can rotate the connecting rod 232. At this time, since the wedge block 25 on the toggle ring 24 is still in the inner wall of the inner sector disk 26, the connecting rod 232 and the gear plate 233 are connected, and the connecting rod 232 can drive the transmission rod 22 to rotate. Since the arc groove 27 is smaller than the curvature of the guide groove 213, when the inner sector disk 26 and the outer sector disk 212 rotate at the same time, the arc groove 27 with a smaller curvature can enable the transmission plate 28 to move faster, causing the support plate 29 wall locking plate 214 to fit with the tunnel wall first. At this time, the support plate 29 moves to the maximum position and cannot move. The wedge block 25 is squeezed by the inner wall of the outer sector disk 212 and moves downward a short distance, which can enable the toggle ring 24 to slide backward through the downward movement of the wedge block 25;

[0062] S2. As the toggle ring 24 moves backward, the toggle ring 24 pulls the front gear plate 233 backward, separating the gear plate 233 from the gear surface of the connecting rod 232 and releasing the meshing. At this time, the connecting rod 232 is disconnected from the power connection with the transmission rod 22. At the same time, the toggle ring 24 moves backward, and the sliding sleeve 235 squeezes the spring to push the locking rod 237 forward, so that the locking rod 237 penetrates the transmission rod 22 and connects to the side wall of the transmission chamber 21. At this time, the transmission rod 22 cannot rotate, locking the inner sector disk 26.

[0063] S3. The connecting rod 232 continues to rotate, driving the outer sector disk 212 to rotate continuously until the top of the locking plate 214 is in contact with the tunnel surface. At this time, because the surface of the limit disk has a machined gear surface, and one side of the plurality of control blocks 239 has a machined inclined surface, the limit disk can only rotate in one direction, thus locking the connecting rod 232 in one direction.

[0064] S4. When the stress of the tunnel inner wall on the support plate 29 changes, the pressure plate 292 in the support plate 29 is subjected to excessive pressure and is pressed downward. The bottom end of the pressure plate 292 squeezes the pressure block 293, and the pressure block 293 moves backward to push the gas pressure rod 294 to continue to compress until it exceeds the maximum position. The gas pressure rod 294 is separated from the piston plate 210, and the piston plate 210 stretches the spring when it moves up synchronously with the support plate 29. At this time, the spring is reset, and the reset of the piston plate 210 causes the gas in the piston chamber 211 to be input into the gas storage 410, squeezing the airtight plate 411 downward. Through the setting of the spiral groove on the valve shaft, the push sleeve 412 of the airtight plate 411 moves downward, and the valve in the gas tank 3 is opened;

[0065] S5. Then the high-pressure gas in the gas tank 3 quickly impacts the locking sleeve 42, moving the locking sleeve 42 out of the rotating bin 41, so that the locking sleeve 42 is unlocked, and the supporting telescopic rod 44 is pushed out by the thrust of the telescopic spring rod with a strong spring. When the supporting telescopic rod 44 is unfolded, the bottom of the movable end of the supporting telescopic rod 44 is separated from the plug-in plate 49. At this time, through the setting of the torsion spring, the supporting rod 48 rotates, pushing the ground insertion rod 46 to unfold, so that the ground insertion rod 46 contacts the ground, so that under the action of continuous pressure, the ground insertion rod 46 can be inserted into the soil layer when it collapses, further supporting the support body.

[0066] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A support structure for tunnel construction in andesite strata, comprising a support body (1), characterized in that: The top end of the bracket body (1) is fixedly connected to a support mechanism (2), and a gas tank (3) is mounted on the bracket body (1) via bolts, and a locking mechanism (4) is provided inside the bracket body (1); The support mechanism (2) includes a transmission bin (21), and the transmission bin (21) is fixedly connected to the top of the bracket body (1), a transmission rod (22) is rotatably connected in the inner wall of the transmission bin (21), and a control member (23) is provided inside the transmission rod (22), a toggle ring (24) is slidably connected in the inner wall of the transmission rod (22), a lever is hinged at the top of the toggle ring (24), and the shaft end of the lever is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the transmission rod (22), and a wedge block (25) is hinged at the top of the lever, and the top of the wedge block (25) passes through the transmission bin (21); An inner fan-shaped disc (26) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the transmission rod (22), and a plurality of equally spaced annular array arc grooves (27) are provided on the outer wall of the inner fan-shaped disc (26), and a transmission plate (28) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the arc groove (27), and the cross section of the transmission plate (28) is an L-shaped structure. The top of the transmission plate (28) is fixedly connected to a support plate (29), and the other side of the support plate (29) is plugged with a piston plate (210), and the outer wall of the piston plate (210) is plugged with a piston cavity (211), and the piston cavity (211) is opened in the inner wall of the transmission chamber (21).

2. The support structure for tunnel construction in andesite strata according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control member (23) includes a connecting groove (231), the connecting groove (231) is provided on the outer wall of the transmission rod (22), and a connecting rod (232) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the connecting groove (231) through a bearing, and the end face of the connecting rod (232) has a gear surface formed by machining, and a gear plate (233) is meshed on the end face of the connecting rod (232), and the gear plate (233) slides inside the connecting groove (231), and the rear end of the gear plate (233) is fixedly connected to the plug rod (234), and the plug rod (234) is fixedly connected to the rear end of the gear plate (233). One end of the rod (234) passes through the transmission rod (22) and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the toggle ring (24); the bottom end of the toggle ring (24) is fixedly connected to a sliding sleeve (235), and the sliding sleeve (235) is slidably connected to the transmission chamber (21); the front end of the sliding sleeve (235) is fixedly connected to a compression spring, and the front end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to a push plate (236), and the front end of the push plate (236) is fixedly connected to a locking rod (237), and the locking rod (237) is plugged into the inner wall of the transmission chamber (21).

3. The support structure for tunnel construction in andesite strata according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control member (23) further comprises a control sleeve (238), the control sleeve (238) being fixedly connected to the outer wall of the transmission chamber (21), and a plurality of control blocks (239) being provided in a medium-spaced annular array on the inner wall of the control sleeve (238), the outer walls of the plurality of control blocks (239) being slidably connected to the inner wall of the control sleeve (238), and the outer walls of the plurality of control blocks (239) being fixedly connected to a return spring, and the ends of the plurality of return springs being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the control sleeve (238), and one side of the plurality of control blocks (239) having an inclined surface formed by machining; A limiting disk is slidably connected to the inner wall of the control sleeve (238), and the surface of the limiting disk has a gear surface formed by machining.

4. The support structure for tunnel construction in andesite strata according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support mechanism (2) further comprises an outer sector disk (212), the inner wall of the outer sector disk (212) being fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod (232), and the outer wall of the outer sector disk (212) being provided with a plurality of guide grooves (213) arranged in an annular array at equal intervals, and the inner walls of the plurality of guide grooves (213) are all slidably connected with the same structure, and the top end of the transmission plate (28) is fixedly connected to a locking plate (214); The guide groove (213) and the arc groove (27) are both arranged in an arc-shaped structure, and the curvature of the guide groove (213) is greater than that of the arc groove (27).

5. The support structure for tunnel construction in andesite strata according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support plate (29) includes a pressure-bearing groove (291), which is provided on the inner wall of the support plate (29), and the inner wall of the pressure-bearing groove (291) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the piston plate (210), a pressure plate (292) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the pressure-bearing groove (291), and the bottom end of the pressure plate (292) has a wedge-shaped surface formed by a mechanical frame, and the bottom end of the wedge-shaped surface is fitted with a pressure block (293), the bottom end of the pressure block (293) is fixedly connected to a pneumatic rod (294), and the end of the pneumatic rod (294) is fixedly connected to the pressure-bearing groove (291), the end of the pneumatic rod (294) is plugged into the outer wall of the piston plate (210), and the pneumatic rod (294) is initially in a compressed state.

6. The support structure for tunnel construction in andesite strata according to claim 5, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (4) comprises a rotating chamber (41), the rotating chamber (41) is opened inside the bracket body (1), a locking sleeve (42) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating chamber (41), and a control rod (43) is inserted into the inner wall of the locking sleeve (42) through a spline, the locking sleeve (42) and the control rod (43) are connected by a spring, the front end of the control rod (43) is rotatably connected to a supporting telescopic rod (44), and the top end of the supporting telescopic rod (44) is hinged to a moving seat (45), and the moving seat (45) is slidably connected to the top end of the bracket body (1); The bottom end of the supporting telescopic rod (44) is hinged with a ground insertion rod (46), and a receiving groove (47) is provided on the side wall of the ground insertion rod (46), and a supporting rod (48) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the receiving groove (47), and the other end of the supporting rod (48) is hinged to the outer wall of the supporting telescopic rod (44) through a torsion spring, and the top end of the supporting rod (48) is fixedly connected with a plug-in plate (49), and the front end of the plug-in plate (49) is plugged into the side wall of the movable end of the supporting telescopic rod (44); The support rod (48) is a spring telescopic rod; The interior of the locking sleeve (42) is connected to the gas tank (3) via a gas pipeline.

7. The support structure for tunnel construction in andesite strata according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (4) further comprises an air chamber (410), the air chamber (410) being provided on the outer wall of the bracket body (1), and an airtight plate (411) being slidably connected to the inner wall of the air chamber (410), and both ends of the airtight plate (411) being fixedly connected to push sleeves (412), a valve shaft being slidably connected to the inner wall of the push sleeve (412), and a spiral groove being provided on the outer wall of the valve shaft, a spring telescopic rod being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the push sleeve (412), and the outer wall of the spring telescopic rod being slidably connected to the spiral groove; A vent valve is connected to the outer wall of the gas tank (3); A telescopic spring rod (413) is hinged on the outer wall of the supporting telescopic rod (44), and the side wall of the telescopic spring rod (413) is hinged to the inner wall of the bracket body (1).

8. A method for using a support structure for andesite stratum tunnel construction, using the support structure for andesite stratum tunnel construction according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. The staff can place the support body (1) on the ground of the tunnel through the concrete. At this time, the staff can rotate the connecting rod (232). At this time, since the wedge block (25) on the toggle ring (24) is still in the inner wall of the inner sector disk (26), the connecting rod (232) and the gear plate (233) are connected. The connecting rod (232) can drive the transmission rod (22) to rotate. Since the arc groove (27) is smaller than the curvature of the guide groove (213), the inner sector disk When (26) and the outer sector disk (212) rotate simultaneously, the arc groove (27) with a smaller arc can drive the transmission plate (28) to move more, causing the support plate (29) and the wall locking plate (214) to fit with the tunnel wall first. At this time, the support plate (29) moves to the maximum position and cannot move. The wedge block (25) is squeezed by the inner wall of the outer sector disk (212) and moves downward a short distance. The downward movement of the wedge block (25) can push the toggle ring (24) to slide backward; S2, along with the backward movement of the toggle ring (24), the toggle ring (24) will pull the front gear plate (233) backward, the gear plate (233) and the gear surface of the connecting rod (232) are separated and the meshing is released. At this time, the connecting rod (232) and the transmission rod (22) are disconnected from the power connection, and the toggle ring (24) moves backward at the same time, and the sliding sleeve (235) squeezes the spring to push the locking rod (237) forward, so that the locking rod (237) penetrates the transmission rod (22) and is connected to the side wall of the transmission chamber (21), so that the transmission rod (22) cannot rotate at this time, and the inner sector disk (26) is locked; S3, the connecting rod (232) continues to rotate, and the connecting rod (232) continues to drive the outer sector disk (212) to rotate continuously until the top end of the locking plate (214) is in contact with the tunnel surface. At this time, since the surface of the limit disk has a gear surface formed by machining, and one side of the plurality of control blocks (239) has an inclined surface formed by machining, the limit disk can only rotate in one direction, thereby locking the connecting rod (232) in one direction. S4. When the stress of the tunnel inner wall on the support plate (29) changes, the pressure plate (292) in the support plate (29) is subjected to excessive pressure and is pressed downward. The bottom end of the pressure plate (292) squeezes the pressure block (293). The pressure block (293) moves backward to push the gas pressure rod (294) to continue to compress until it exceeds the maximum position. The gas pressure rod (294) is separated from the piston plate (210). The piston plate (210) stretches the spring when it moves upward synchronously with the support plate (29). At this time, the spring is reset. The reset of the piston plate (210) causes the gas in the piston chamber (211) to be input into the gas chamber (410), squeezing the airtight plate (411) downward. Through the setting of the spiral groove on the valve shaft, the push sleeve (412) of the airtight plate (411) moves downward, and the valve in the gas tank (3) is opened; S5. Then, the high-pressure gas in the gas tank (3) quickly impacts the locking sleeve (42), and moves the locking sleeve (42) out of the rotating chamber (41), so that the locking sleeve (42) is unlocked, and the supporting telescopic rod (44) is pushed out by the thrust of the telescopic spring rod (413) with a strong spring, and when the supporting telescopic rod (44) is unfolded, the bottom of the movable end of the supporting telescopic rod (44) is separated from the plug-in plate (49). At this time, through the setting of the torsion spring, the supporting rod (48) rotates, pushing the ground insertion rod (46) to unfold, so that the ground insertion rod (46) contacts the ground, so that under the action of continuous pressure, the ground insertion rod (46) can be inserted into the soil layer when it collapses, further supporting the support body.

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