Compressor and vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a compressor and a vehicle. The compressor comprises a main shell, a cover plate contained in the main shell and a motor assembly. The cover plate divides the main shell into a first cavity and a second cavity, and the motor assembly is arranged in the second cavity; the main shell is provided with an air suction port communicated with the first cavity; the cover plate comprises an annular body and a filtering part connected with the annular body, and the first cavity and the second cavity are communicated through the filtering part; and the annular body is hermetically connected with the inner wall of the main shell. According to the compressor, the cover plate is arranged between the air suction port and the containing cavity of the motor, so that a refrigerant flowing in from the air suction port firstly passes through the filtering part and then enters the pump body through a motor gap after entering, the filtering part can filter impurities entering the compressor from a system, the impurities are prevented from entering the pump body, and meanwhile, the cover plate can be made of a material with a small heat conductivity coefficient; heat transferred to the air suction side of the compressor from the high-pressure cavity is reduced, temperature rise of refrigerants before entering a pump body is avoided, air suction superheat degree is reduced, and therefore the volume efficiency of the compressor is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of compressors and vehicles, and in particular to a compressor and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As core components of the thermal management system for new energy vehicles, the performance and reliability of automotive high- and low-back-pressure electric compressors directly impact the efficiency, energy consumption, and service life of the vehicle's air conditioning and refrigeration system. During compressor operation, the refrigerant is compressed and circulated through the pressure differential between the high- and low-pressure chambers. The thermodynamic properties and cleanliness of the compressor's internal components are key factors in determining its energy efficiency and durability. However, existing technologies still face two prominent challenges in practical applications, hindering improvements in the compressor's overall performance.

[0003] First, heat conduction between the high-pressure and low-pressure chambers leads to refrigerant overheating. Currently, the high-pressure and low-pressure chambers of compressors are physically separated by a metal intermediate partition. However, heat generated during compression of the refrigerant in the high-pressure chamber (including frictional heat and compression heat) is transferred through the partition to the low-pressure chamber. Since the low-pressure chamber carries the low-temperature, low-pressure intake refrigerant, this heat intrusion causes the refrigerant to heat up before entering the pump suction port, significantly increasing its superheat. Excessive superheat reduces the refrigerant's actual compression efficiency, manifesting as a decrease in the refrigerant's cooling capacity per unit mass and requiring more electrical energy to achieve the target cooling effect. Increased refrigerant temperature at the suction port increases the compressor's discharge temperature, exacerbating the risk of thermal degradation of internal seals and lubricants. To balance overheating, the system may be forced to increase the refrigerant circulation rate, further increasing compressor load and energy consumption. Although some technologies have attempted to reduce heat conduction by optimizing the partition structure or adding thermal insulation coatings, the actual thermal isolation effect is limited due to the compact compressor space and the use of highly thermally conductive metal materials, making it difficult to meet the heat dissipation requirements under high-power conditions.

[0004] Secondly, there is the problem of wear of moving parts caused by the intrusion of impurities into the system. During the long-term operation of the compressor, impurities in the refrigeration cycle system (such as metal grinding chips, oxidized particles or residual contaminants) may enter the compressor through the flow of refrigerant. When such impurities enter the clearances of moving parts such as crankshafts, vanes, and bearings along with lubricating oil or refrigerant, they will cause abrasive wear, which is specifically manifested as scratches on the surface of key moving parts, resulting in deterioration of sealing performance, increased internal leakage, and reduced volumetric efficiency; the expansion of the clearance of friction pairs produces abnormal vibration and noise, shortening the service life of the compressor; the secondary generation of wear particles forms a vicious cycle, accelerating lubricating oil contamination and failure of lubrication function. Traditional solutions mostly rely on external filtering devices to intercept impurities, but under complex working conditions (such as alternating high and low temperatures, and fluctuations in refrigerant flow rate), the filter is prone to clogging or the risk of micron-sized particles penetrating is high. In addition, if the design of the internal flow channel of the compressor does not fully consider the deposition and discharge paths of impurities, it may further aggravate impurity retention and local wear.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present invention, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a compressor, which is provided with a cover plate between the air intake and the motor cavity. The filter portion of the cover plate can filter impurities entering the compressor from the system to prevent impurities from entering the compressor pump body. At the same time, the cover plate with a smaller thermal conductivity coefficient can reduce the heat transferred from the high-pressure cavity to the suction side of the compressor, avoid the temperature of the refrigerant from rising before entering the pump body, reduce the suction superheat and thus improve the volumetric efficiency of the compressor.

[0007] The present invention provides a compressor, comprising a main housing, a cover plate accommodated in the main housing, and a motor assembly;

[0008] The cover plate divides the main housing into a first cavity and a second cavity, and the motor assembly is arranged in the second cavity;

[0009] The main housing is provided with an air intake port communicating with the first cavity;

[0010] The cover plate includes an annular body and a filter portion connected to the annular body, and the first cavity and the second cavity are connected through the filter portion;

[0011] The annular body is sealed and connected to the inner wall of the main housing.

[0012] According to some examples of the present invention, the filter portion is located at the center of the annular body. An assembly through hole is provided at the center of the filter portion, and the crankshaft of the compressor passes through the assembly through hole and is rotatably sealed therewith.

[0013] According to some examples of the present invention, the material of the cover plate is selected from thermoplastic polymer-based composite materials or metal-based thermal insulation composite materials.

[0014] According to some examples of the present invention, the thermoplastic polymer-based composite material includes at least one of polyetheretherketone, polytetrafluoroethylene and modified derivatives thereof.

[0015] According to some examples of the present invention, the cover plate is made of a low thermal conductivity material, and the thermal conductivity λ1 of the low thermal conductivity material satisfies λ1≤(1 / 3)λ2, where λ2 is the thermal conductivity of the main shell.

[0016] According to some examples of the present invention, the filter portion is a multi-level pore array structure with a porosity of 40%-65% and a pore size gradient distribution in the range of 0.5-2.0 mm.

[0017] According to some examples of the present invention, the filter portion is a multi-stage hole array structure, and the multi-stage hole array structure includes at least one through hole group;

[0018] The through hole group is a circular hole group, an elliptical hole group or a waist-shaped hole group.

[0019] According to some examples of the present invention, the filter portion is a filter screen, and the mesh size of the filter screen is between 80 and 200 meshes.

[0020] According to some examples of the present invention, the cover plate further includes a plurality of wiring covers, which are arranged on a side of the annular body facing away from the motor assembly and are configured to clamp the wiring posts of the motor.

[0021] According to some examples of the present invention, the cover plate further includes a mounting portion connected to the annular body;

[0022] The cover plate is connected to the inner wall of the main housing through the mounting portion; or

[0023] The motor assembly includes a motor and a stator bracket, and the cover plate is connected to the stator bracket through the mounting portion.

[0024] According to some examples of the present invention, the compressor also includes a pump body casing and an intermediate casing located between the main casing and the pump body casing, the pump body casing contains a pump body assembly, the chamber enclosed by the main casing and the intermediate casing is an intake chamber, and the chamber enclosed by the intermediate casing and the pump body casing is an exhaust chamber.

[0025] The present invention also provides a vehicle comprising the compressor described above.

[0026] The compressor of the present invention is provided with a cover plate with a filtering function between the air intake port and the accommodating cavity of the motor, so that the refrigerant flowing into the air intake port of the compressor first passes through the filter part and then enters the compressor pump body through the gap of the motor. The filter part can filter the impurities entering the compressor from the system to prevent the impurities from entering the interior of the compressor pump body. At the same time, the cover plate can be made of a material with a small thermal conductivity coefficient to reduce the heat transferred from the high-pressure cavity to the suction side of the compressor, avoid the refrigerant from being heated before entering the pump body, reduce the suction superheat and thus improve the volumetric efficiency of the compressor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

[0030] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention will be comprehensive and complete and will fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Identical reference numerals in the figures represent identical or similar structures, and thus their repeated description will be omitted.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections, electrical connections, or mutual communication; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; they can refer to internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0034] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention may repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but those skilled in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0035] The structure of the compressor of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 1 and Figure 2 They are respectively a cross-sectional view and a partial structural schematic diagram of a compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the compressor includes a main housing 1, a cover plate 2 accommodated in the main housing 1, and a motor assembly 3. Of course, the compressor also includes a pump housing 13 and an intermediate housing 12 located between the main housing 1 and the pump housing 13. The pump housing 13 contains a pump assembly 4 and a crankshaft 5. The main housing 1, the intermediate housing 12, and the pump housing 13 constitute the housing of the compressor. In some embodiments, the housing is integrated. The chamber enclosed by the main housing 1 and the intermediate housing 12 is an intake chamber, and the chamber enclosed by the intermediate housing 12 and the pump housing 13 is an exhaust chamber. The motor assembly 3 includes a stator bracket 31 and a motor (stator assembly and rotor assembly), etc. The pump housing assembly 4 includes an upper / lower cylinder head, a cylinder, and an eccentric portion and a roller arranged in the cylinder. The eccentric portion is arranged on the crankshaft 5, and the roller is sleeved on the eccentric portion. The motor drives the crankshaft 5 to rotate, and the crankshaft 5 drives the roller to rotate.

[0037] The cover plate 2 divides the main housing 1 into a first cavity A and a second cavity B. The motor assembly 3 is disposed in the second cavity B. The second cavity B of the motor assembly 3 communicates with the cavity of the pump assembly 4. The main housing 1 is provided with an air intake 11 that communicates with the first cavity A and is used to communicate with the evaporator.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. The cover plate 2 includes an annular body 21 and a filter portion 22 connected to the annular body 21. The first cavity A and the second cavity B are connected through the filter portion 22. The annular body 21 is sealed to the inner wall of the main shell 1. In some embodiments, the annular body 21 and the inner wall of the main shell 1 can be sealed by an interference fit.

[0039] In some embodiments, the filter portion 22 may be located at the center of the annular body 21 . A mounting through hole is provided at the center of the filter portion 22 , and the crankshaft of the compressor passes through the mounting through hole and is rotatably sealed therewith.

[0040] The cover plate of the compressor of the present invention divides the main shell 1 into a first cavity A connected to the air intake port 11 and a second cavity B accommodating the motor assembly 3. When the compressor is running, the motor drives the roller to rotate. As the roller rotates, the refrigerant enters the first cavity A from the air intake port 11. The refrigerant sucked into the air intake port 11 may be a gaseous refrigerant or a gas-liquid mixture refrigerant. The refrigerant passes through the cover plate 2 and enters the second cavity B. At this time, the refrigerant is an uncompressed low-pressure refrigerant. After being sucked into the cylinder and compressed, it produces a high-pressure refrigerant and is discharged from the exhaust port of the compressor. Since the annular body 21 is sealed and connected to the inner wall of the main shell 1, the refrigerant can only pass through the filter part 22 connected to the center of the annular body 21. The filter part 22 filters impurities in the refrigerant and filters part of the liquid refrigerant. While the refrigerant is flowing, gas-liquid separation is achieved and impurities are prevented from entering the compressor pump assembly.

[0041] The cover plate 2 may further include a mounting portion 23 connected to the annular body 21 . Figure 3 In the embodiment, the mounting portion 23 includes a plurality of support feet spaced apart along the outer periphery of the annular body 21. The cover plate 2 can be sealed by interference fit with the inner wall of the main housing through the mounting portion 23. The cover plate 2 is also connected to the stator bracket 31 through the mounting portion 23. The structure of the mounting portion 23 is not limited to Figure 3 The structure shown can be connected by making a groove on the side end surface of the stator bracket, embedding the mounting portion into the groove, or providing a buckle on the side end surface of the stator bracket.

[0042] The cover plate 2 of the present invention adopts an insulating material with low thermal conductivity. The material of the cover plate 2 can be selected from a thermoplastic polymer-based composite material or a metal-based thermal insulation composite material. The thermoplastic polymer-based composite material includes at least one of polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and modified derivatives thereof.

[0043] Typically, the main housing of the compressor is made of an alloy or alloy matrix material, and the cover plate 2 is made of a low thermal conductivity material with a thermal conductivity of λ1, satisfying λ1≤(1 / 3)λ2, where λ2 is the thermal conductivity of the main housing. The cover plate 2 is disposed in the first cavity A. The use of a material with a lower thermal conductivity can reduce the amount of heat transferred from the high-pressure cavity to the suction side of the compressor, thereby preventing the refrigerant from increasing in temperature before entering the pump body, reducing the suction superheat, and thereby improving the volumetric efficiency of the compressor. At the same time, a chamber for accommodating a power board that controls the compressor is typically provided on the other side of the first cavity A. The cover plate with a low thermal conductivity can prevent the heat transferred from the high-pressure cavity to the suction side of the compressor from being transferred to the power board chamber, thereby affecting the heat dissipation of the power board and thus affecting the operation of the power board.

[0044] The filter part 22 can adopt a multi-stage hole array structure, or directly be a filter screen. The filter part is a multi-stage hole array structure, and the multi-stage hole array structure can include at least one through hole group, that is, the through holes provided therein can be of different shapes, such as a through hole group of a circular hole group, an elliptical hole group or a waist-shaped hole group, etc. The size of the through holes can also be different. The size and density of the through holes determine the porosity of the filter part 22 (the ratio of the area of ​​the through holes to the total area of ​​the filter part), which can be determined according to the specific compressor model or specific working conditions. In order to better filter the impurities and liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant, preferably, when the filter part 22 is a multi-stage hole array structure, Figure 3 In the embodiment, multiple rows of through holes 221 are arranged radially along the filter portion 22, and the apertures of the through holes gradually increase or decrease along the radial direction of the filter portion 22. Preferably, the porosity of the filter portion 22 is between 40% and 65%, and the aperture gradient distribution is in the range of 0.5-2.0 mm. When the filter portion is a filter screen, the mesh size of the filter screen can be between 80 and 200 mesh. Similarly, the dimensional relationship between the filter portion 22 and the annular body 21 can also be determined based on the specific model and structure of the compressor.

[0045] The cover plate 2 of the present invention can be made by pasting or other methods after the above-mentioned parts are processed separately. In some embodiments, the cover plate 2 can be an integrated structure, and the integrated structure cover plate can be obtained by processing methods such as 3D printing. In some other embodiments, the cover plate 2 can also include a plurality of wiring covers 24, and the plurality of wiring covers 24 are arranged on the side of the annular body 21 away from the motor assembly, and are configured to clamp the plurality of terminal blocks of the motor. For example, when the motor of the compressor is a three-phase motor, the plurality of wiring covers 24 can respectively support or clamp the terminal blocks connected to the U winding, V winding and W winding respectively.

[0046] The present invention also provides a vehicle comprising the compressor described above, wherein the vehicle air conditioner has better cooling efficiency, lower energy consumption and longer service life.

[0047] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

[0048] The above is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and the specific implementation of the present invention should not be considered to be limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art of the present invention, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made, which should be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compressor, characterized in that: It comprises a main housing, a cover plate accommodated in the main housing, and a motor assembly; The cover plate divides the main housing into a first cavity and a second cavity, and the motor assembly is arranged in the second cavity; The main housing is provided with an air intake port communicating with the first cavity; The cover plate includes an annular body and a filter portion connected to the annular body, and the first cavity and the second cavity are connected through the filter portion; The annular body is sealed and connected to the inner wall of the main housing.

2. The compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that The filter portion is located at the center of the annular body. An assembly through hole is provided at the center of the filter portion. The crankshaft of the compressor passes through the assembly through hole and is rotatably sealed therewith.

3. The compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that The material of the cover plate is selected from thermoplastic polymer-based composite materials or metal-based thermal insulation composite materials.

4. The compressor according to claim 3, characterized in that The thermoplastic polymer-based composite material comprises at least one of polyetheretherketone, polytetrafluoroethylene and modified derivatives thereof.

5. The compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that The cover plate is made of a material with low thermal conductivity, and the thermal conductivity λ1 of the material with low thermal conductivity satisfies λ1≤(1 / 3)λ2, where λ2 is the thermal conductivity of the main shell.

6. The compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that The filter part is a multi-level pore array structure with a porosity of 40%-65% and a pore size gradient distribution in the range of 0.5-2.0 mm.

7. The compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that The filter portion is a multi-stage hole array structure, and the multi-stage hole array structure includes at least one through hole group; The through hole group is a circular hole group, an elliptical hole group or a waist-shaped hole group.

8. The compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that The filter part is a filter screen, and the mesh number of the filter screen is between 80 and 200 meshes.

9. The compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that The cover plate further comprises a plurality of wiring covers, which are arranged on a side of the annular body away from the motor assembly and are configured to clamp the wiring posts of the motor.

10. The compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that The cover plate further includes a mounting portion connected to the annular body; The cover plate is connected to the inner wall of the main housing through the mounting portion; or The motor assembly includes a motor and a stator bracket, and the cover plate is connected to the stator bracket through the mounting portion.

11. The compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that The compressor also includes a pump body shell and an intermediate shell located between the main shell and the pump body shell. The pump body shell contains a pump body assembly. The chamber surrounded by the main shell and the intermediate shell is an intake chamber, and the chamber surrounded by the intermediate shell and the pump body shell is an exhaust chamber.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that: A compressor comprising the compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

Images