A method, system, device, and medium for analyzing a degree of bone healing

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of bone healing degree analysis method, system, equipment and medium, system includes CT image acquisition module, stress analysis judging module, wall thickness analysis judging module, callus analysis judging module, result comprehensive judging module and auxiliary judging module, the application obtains healthy side T0~Tx time image, affected T1~Tx time image and T2~Tx time simulation image in the fixed state under simulation of affected TM2~TMx in time axis of bone healing in sequence, then according to CT image, stress analysis, wall thickness analysis and callus analysis are carried out, three kinds of judging results are comprehensively, finally output accurate bone healing degree result and fixed efficacy analysis result, overcome the inaccurate problem of single factor determination.

Description

A method, system, device and medium for analyzing bone healing degree Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to medical image processing technology, and more particularly to a method, system, device, and medium for analyzing the degree of bone healing. Background Technology

[0002] Bone healing refers to the process by which bone tissue restores its original structure and function after a fracture or bone defect has been repaired. Evaluation scales for the degree of bone healing can objectively reflect the progress of bone healing, providing clinicians with a basis for decision-making and are crucial for the patient's rehabilitation process. Currently, scholars both domestically and internationally have proposed various evaluation scales for the degree of bone healing, among which the most commonly used methods include X-ray examination, CT scan, bone mineral density analysis, and clinical symptom assessment.

[0003] Currently, doctors mainly rely on their personal experience to determine fracture healing through CT scan images, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and highly subjective. This is especially true when multiple doctors need to make a collaborative judgment, as it is inefficient and prone to subjective errors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The primary objective of this invention is to provide a method for analyzing bone healing degree with high accuracy.

[0005] A second objective of this invention is to provide a method and system for analyzing the degree of bone healing.

[0006] A third objective of this invention is to provide an electronic device.

[0007] A fourth objective of this invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0008] Technical solution: To achieve the above objectives, the bone healing degree analysis method of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0009] (1) Define the time before fracture as T0, the time of fracture as T1, the time when fracture fixation and repair are completed as T2, and the postoperative follow-up times as T3 to Tx; obtain images of the healthy side at T0 to Tx, images of the affected area at T1 to Tx, and simulated images of the affected area at T2 to Tx under the state of fixation removal;

[0010] (2) Based on the images of the healthy side at time T2 to Tx, the images of the affected side at time T2 to Tx, and the simulated images of the affected side at time TM2 to TMx, finite element analysis is performed to obtain the corresponding stress-displacement curves. The area under the curve S1 of the healthy side at time T2 to Tx, the area under the curve S2 of the affected side under the fixed state at time T2 to Tx, and the area under the curve S3 of the affected side under the unfixed state at time T2 to Tx are calculated respectively. The bone healing status is then judged based on the ratio of S3 / S1, and three results are output: bone healing, delayed bone healing, or bone nonunion.

[0011] (3) Based on the images of the healthy side at time T2-Tx, the images of the affected side at time T2-Tx, and the simulated images of the affected side at time TM2-TMx, the bone cortical wall thickness was analyzed to obtain the median wall thickness δ1 of the healthy side at time T2-Tx, the median wall thickness δ2 of the affected side under fixed conditions at time T2-Tx, and the median wall thickness δ3 of the affected side under unfixed conditions at time T2-Tx. Then, the bone healing status was determined based on the ratio of δ3 / δ1, and three results were output: bone healing, delayed bone healing, or nonunion.

[0012] (4) Perform callus topography analysis based on the T1-Tx images of the affected area, calculate the callus healing index, judge the bone healing status based on the growth rate of the callus healing index, and output two results: bone healing or bone non-healing.

[0013] (5) Determine if there is a nonunion result: If there is a nonunion, then further determine if there are two bone healing results; if there are two bone healing results, output "delayed bone healing", if there are no two bone healing results, output "nonunion"; if there is no nonunion, then further determine if there is delayed bone healing, if there is no delayed bone healing, output "bone healing"; if there is delayed bone healing, then further determine if there are two bone healing results, if there are two bone healing results, output "bone healing", if there are no two bone healing results, output "delayed bone healing";

[0014] (6) When the final output result is delayed bone healing or nonunion, judge S3 / S2 and δ3 / δ2. If either ratio of S3 / S2 and δ3 / δ2 is greater than 0.9, then output "fixation invalid".

[0015] Optionally, step (1) specifically includes the following steps: If it is a unilateral fracture, perform a full-length CT scan on the corresponding bone on the healthy side, acquire the CT image of the healthy side at the current fracture time, and define it as the healthy side T0-T1 time image; acquire the CT image of the healthy side when the fracture fixation and repair is completed, and define it as the healthy side T2 time image; periodically acquire the CT image of the healthy side after surgery, and define it as the healthy side T3-Tx time image in sequence; perform a full-length CT scan on the corresponding bone of the affected area, acquire the CT image of the affected area at the current fracture time, and define it as the affected area T1 time image; acquire the CT image of the affected area when the fracture fixation and repair is completed, and define it as the affected area T2 time image; periodically acquire the CT image of the affected area after surgery, and define it as the affected area T3-Tx time image in sequence; perform three-dimensional reconstruction of the bone based on the affected area T2-Tx time images, simulate the state after the affected area is fixed and removed, and form the affected area TM2-TMx simulated images.

[0016] Optionally, step (1) specifically includes the following steps: If there is a bilateral fracture, perform a full-length CT scan on the bone corresponding to the affected area, collect the CT image of the affected area at the current fracture time, and define it as the T1 time image of the affected area; collect the CT image of the affected area when the fracture fixation and repair are completed, and define it as the T2 time image of the affected area; periodically collect the CT image of the affected area after surgery, and define it as the T3 to Tx time images of the affected area in sequence; perform three-dimensional reconstruction of the bone based on the T1 time image of the affected area, simulate and restore it to the image before the fracture, and define it as the T0 to Tx time images of the healthy side; perform three-dimensional reconstruction of the bone based on the T2 to Tx time images of the affected area, simulate the state after the fixation of the affected area is removed, and form the TM2 to TMx simulated images of the affected area.

[0017] Optionally, in step (4), the callus healing index refers to the product of the average CT value of the callus and the callus volume. The callus volume refers to the volume obtained by measuring the volume of the local callus area formed at certain distances above and below the fracture site on the three-dimensional topographic map of the callus. The average CT value of the callus refers to the average value of the CT values ​​of all points in the local callus area formed at certain distances above and below the fracture site on the three-dimensional topographic map of the callus. When the growth rate of the callus healing index is less than the fifth threshold, the bone healing result is output; otherwise, the bone non-healing result is output.

[0018] Based on the same inventive concept, the bone healing degree analysis system of the present invention includes:

[0019] The CT image acquisition module is used to define the time before fracture as T0, the time of fracture as T1, the time when fracture fixation and repair are completed as T2, and the postoperative follow-up times as T3 to Tx respectively; it obtains images of the healthy side at T0 to Tx, images of the affected area at T1 to Tx, and simulated images of the affected area at T2 to Tx under the condition of fixation removal;

[0020] The stress analysis and judgment module is used to perform finite element analysis based on the T2-Tx images of the healthy side, the T2-Tx images of the affected side, and the TM2-TMx simulated images of the affected side to obtain the corresponding stress-displacement curves. It also calculates the area under the curve S1 of the healthy side at T2-Tx, the area under the curve S2 of the affected side under the fixed state at T2-Tx, and the area under the curve S3 of the affected side under the unfixed state at T2-Tx. Finally, it judges the bone healing status based on the ratio of S3 / S1 and outputs three results: bone healing, delayed bone healing, or bone nonunion.

[0021] The bone wall thickness analysis and judgment module is used to perform cortical bone wall thickness analysis based on the T2-Tx images of the healthy side, the T2-Tx images of the affected side, and the simulated TM2-TMx images of the affected side, respectively. This yields the median wall thickness δ1 of the healthy side at T2-Tx, the median wall thickness δ2 of the affected side under fixed conditions at T2-Tx, and the median wall thickness δ3 of the affected side under non-fixed conditions at T2-Tx. The bone healing status is then determined based on the ratio of δ3 / δ1, outputting three results: bone healing, delayed bone healing, or nonunion.

[0022] The callus analysis and judgment module is used to perform callus topography analysis based on the T1-Tx images of the affected area, calculate the callus healing index, judge the bone healing status based on the growth rate of the callus healing index, and output two results: bone healed or bone not healed.

[0023] The result synthesis and judgment module is used to determine whether there is a nonunion result: If there is a nonunion, it further determines whether there are two bone healing results; if there are two bone healing results, it outputs "delayed bone healing"; if there are no two bone healing results, it outputs "nonunion"; if there is no nonunion, it further determines whether there is delayed bone healing; if there is no delayed bone healing, it outputs "bone healing"; if there is delayed bone healing, it further determines whether there are two bone healing results; if there are two bone healing results, it outputs "bone healing"; if there are no two bone healing results, it outputs "delayed bone healing".

[0024] The auxiliary judgment module is used to judge S3 / S2 and δ3 / δ2 when the final output result is delayed bone healing or nonunion. If either ratio of S3 / S2 and δ3 / δ2 is greater than 0.9, then "fixation invalid" will be output at the same time.

[0025] Optionally, in the CT image acquisition module, if a unilateral fracture occurs, a full-length CT scan is performed on the corresponding bone on the healthy side, and the CT image of the healthy side at the current fracture time is acquired and defined as the healthy side T0-T1 time image; the CT image of the healthy side when the fracture fixation and repair are completed is acquired and defined as the healthy side T2 time image; the CT images of the healthy side after surgery are periodically acquired and sequentially defined as the healthy side T3-Tx time images; a full-length CT scan is performed on the corresponding bone of the affected area, and the CT image of the affected area at the current fracture time is acquired and defined as the affected area T1 time image; the CT image of the affected area when the fracture fixation and repair are completed is acquired and defined as the affected area T2 time image; the CT images of the affected area after surgery are periodically acquired and sequentially defined as the affected area T3-Tx time images; based on the affected area T2-Tx time images, three-dimensional reconstruction of the bone is performed to simulate the state after the fixation of the affected area is removed, and simulated images of the affected area TM2-TMx are formed.

[0026] Optionally, in the CT image acquisition module, if there is a bilateral fracture, a full-length CT scan is performed on the corresponding bone at the affected area, and the CT image of the affected area at the current fracture time is acquired and defined as the T1 time image of the affected area; the CT image of the affected area when the fracture fixation and repair are completed is acquired and defined as the T2 time image of the affected area; the CT images of the affected area after surgery are acquired periodically and defined as the T3 to Tx time images of the affected area in sequence; the bone is reconstructed in three dimensions based on the T1 time image of the affected area to simulate and restore the image at the time before the fracture, and defined as the T0 to Tx time images of the healthy side; the bone is reconstructed in three dimensions based on the T2 to Tx time images of the affected area to simulate the state after the fixation is removed, and the TM2 to TMx simulated images of the affected area are formed.

[0027] Optionally, in the callus analysis and judgment module, the callus healing index refers to the product of the average CT value of the callus and the callus volume. The callus volume refers to the volume measured in the local callus region formed at certain distances above and below the fracture site on the three-dimensional topographic map of the callus. The average CT value of the callus refers to the average CT value of all points in the local callus region formed at certain distances above and below the fracture site on the three-dimensional topographic map of the callus. When the callus healing index growth rate is less than the fifth threshold, the bone healing result is output; otherwise, the bone non-healing result is output.

[0028] Based on the same inventive concept, the electronic device of the present invention includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The processor executes the computer program to implement a bone healing degree analysis method as described above.

[0029] Based on the same inventive concept, the computer-readable storage medium of the present invention stores a computer program thereon, characterized in that the computer program is executed by a processor to implement a method for analyzing the degree of bone healing as described above.

[0030] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: The present invention sequentially acquires images of the healthy side at times T0 to Tx, images of the affected area at times T1 to Tx, and simulated images of the affected area at times T2 to Tx under the condition of fixation removal. Then, stress analysis, wall thickness analysis, and callus analysis are performed based on the CT images. By combining the three judgment results, the final output is an accurate result of the degree of bone healing and the fixation effectiveness analysis result, which overcomes the inaccuracy problem of single-factor judgment. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the bone healing timeline in this invention;

[0032] Figure 2 is a flowchart illustrating the method of this invention;

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the system framework in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] As shown in Figure 2, the bone healing degree analysis method of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0037] (1) As shown in Figure 1, a fracture is a four-dimensional event on the time axis. The time before the fracture is defined as T0, the time of the fracture is T1, the time when the fracture fixation and repair are completed is T2, the postoperative follow-up times are T3 to Tx, and the time when the fracture is completely healed after the fixation is removed is called T time. Images of the healthy side at T0 to Tx, images of the affected area at T1 to Tx, and simulated images of the affected area at T2 to Tx under the condition of fixation removal are obtained. The fixation of the present invention can be internal or external fixation.

[0038] If a unilateral fracture occurs, a full-length CT scan is performed on the corresponding bone on the healthy side. The CT image of the healthy side at the current fracture time is acquired and defined as the healthy side T0-T1 time image. The CT image of the healthy side when the fracture fixation and repair are completed is acquired and defined as the healthy side T2 time image. Postoperative CT images of the healthy side are acquired periodically and defined as the healthy side T3-Tx time images in sequence.

[0039] A full-length CT scan of the bone corresponding to the affected area was performed. CT images of the affected area at the current fracture time were acquired and defined as T1 time images of the affected area. CT images of the affected area when fracture fixation and repair were completed were acquired and defined as T2 time images of the affected area. Postoperative CT images of the affected area were acquired periodically and defined sequentially as T3 to Tx time images of the affected area.

[0040] Three-dimensional reconstruction of the skeleton is performed based on the T2-Tx images of the affected area to simulate the state after fixation and removal of the affected area, and simulated images of the affected area from TM2 to TMx are generated.

[0041] If there are bilateral fractures, perform a full-length CT scan on the corresponding bone at the affected site, acquire the CT image of the affected site at the current fracture time, and define it as the T1 time image of the affected site; acquire the CT image of the affected site when the fracture fixation and repair are completed, and define it as the T2 time image of the affected site; periodically acquire the CT image of the affected site after surgery, and define it as the T3 to Tx time images of the affected site in sequence.

[0042] Three-dimensional bone reconstruction is performed based on the T1 time image of the affected area to simulate and restore the image before the fracture, and it is defined as the T0 time image of the healthy side. The T0 time image of the healthy side is also the T1 to Tx time image of the healthy side. Three-dimensional bone reconstruction is performed based on the T2 to Tx time images of the affected area to simulate the state after the fixation of the affected area is removed, and the TM2 to TMx simulated images of the affected area are formed.

[0043] (2) Based on the images of the healthy side at time T2 to Tx, the images of the affected side at time T2 to Tx, and the simulated images of the affected side at time TM2 to TMx, finite element analysis is performed to obtain the corresponding stress-displacement curves. The area under the curve S1 of the healthy side at time T2 to Tx, the area under the curve S2 of the affected side under the fixed state at time T2 to Tx, and the area under the curve S3 of the affected side under the unfixed state at time T2 to Tx are calculated respectively. The bone healing status is then judged based on the ratio of S3 / S1, and three results are output: bone healing, delayed bone healing, or bone nonunion.

[0044] When S3 / S1 > the first threshold 0.8, the output is bone healing; when the second threshold 0.3 ≤ S3 / S1 ≤ the first threshold 0.8, the output is delayed bone healing; when S3 / S1 < the second threshold 0.3, the output is bone non-union.

[0045] (3) Based on the images of the healthy side at T2-Tx, the images of the affected side at T2-Tx, and the simulated images of the affected side at TM2-TMx, the bone cortical wall thickness was analyzed to obtain the median wall thickness δ1 of the healthy side at T2-Tx, the median wall thickness δ2 of the affected side under fixed conditions at T2-Tx, and the median wall thickness δ3 of the affected side under unfixed conditions at T2-Tx. Then, the bone healing status was determined based on the ratio of δ3 / δ1, and three results were output: bone healing, delayed bone healing, or nonunion.

[0046] When δ3 / δ1 > the third threshold 0.84, the output indicates bone healing; when the fourth threshold 0.74 ≤ δ3 / δ1 ≤ the third threshold 0.84, the output indicates delayed bone healing; when δ3 / δ1 < the fourth threshold 0.74, the output indicates bone non-union.

[0047] In this invention, stress-displacement curve analysis and wall thickness analysis both infer the density, stiffness, and load-bearing characteristics of the target bone segment structure through wall thickness or load values. However, the shape and material properties of the internal fixation device, as well as the way the contact surface with the bone is defined, all affect the calculation results. Due to the existence of the above-mentioned influencing factors, the absolute value calculated for each target bone segment is not very meaningful. By using a ratio analysis under the same threshold conditions, the deviation of the above-mentioned influencing factors on the results is consistent under the same scanning and threshold conditions. The ratio can effectively reduce the influence of errors, better reflect the bone healing status, and thus improve the accuracy.

[0048] In this invention, the median wall thickness is used to reflect the true wall thickness level of the target structure. The median wall thickness reflects the thickness of the theoretical model of the average wall thickness within a set CT value range, and reflects the volume information of the structure within a specified density range. Under the condition of the same material, the value is positively correlated with the strength of the target structure.

[0049] (4) Perform callus topography analysis based on the T1-Tx images of the affected area, calculate the callus healing index, judge the bone healing status based on the growth rate of the callus healing index, and output two results: bone healing or bone non-healing.

[0050] The callus healing index is the product of the average CT value of the callus and the callus volume. The callus volume is the volume measured in the callus region formed by taking 1 cm above and below the fracture site on the 3D topographic map of the callus. The average CT value of the callus is the average of the CT values ​​of all points in the callus region formed by taking 1 cm above and below the fracture site on the 3D topographic map of the callus. When the growth rate of the callus healing index is less than the fifth threshold of 0.1, the bone healing result is output; otherwise, the bone non-healing result is output.

[0051] (5) Determine if there is a nonunion result: If there is a nonunion, then further determine if there are two bone healing results; if there are two bone healing results, output "delayed bone healing"; if there are no two bone healing results, output "nonunion"; if there is no nonunion, then further determine if there is delayed bone healing; if there is no delayed bone healing, output "bone healing"; if there is delayed bone healing, then further determine if there are two bone healing results; if there are two bone healing results, output "bone healing"; if there are no two bone healing results, output "delayed bone healing".

[0052] (6) When the final output result is delayed bone healing or nonunion, judge S3 / S2 and δ3 / δ2. If either ratio of S3 / S2 and δ3 / δ2 is greater than 0.9, output "fixation invalid".

[0053] In this invention, both stress analysis and wall thickness analysis are based on the analysis of the physical properties of bone structure, reflecting the mechanical state and healing status of the bone from different perspectives. When the ratios of stress analysis and wall thickness analysis are both within similar threshold ranges, they can mutually corroborate the judgment results of bone healing status, enhancing the reliability of the judgment. For example, if the ratio of S3 / S1 in stress analysis is close to 0.8, and the ratio of δ3 / δ1 in wall thickness analysis is also close to 0.84, both indicate a high probability of bone healing, thus providing strong support for the final comprehensive judgment. In this invention, stress analysis focuses on analyzing the stress situation of the bone under different states from a mechanical perspective. The stress-displacement curve and its area under the curve ratio obtained through finite element analysis can reflect the overall mechanical stability of the bone. Wall thickness analysis, on the other hand, focuses more on the microstructure of the bone. The ratio of the median cortical wall thickness reflects the local structural strength and density changes of the bone. However, stress analysis may be affected by factors such as the shape of the internal fixation device, material properties, and the way the contact surface with the bone is defined, resulting in the absolute value of the calculated value being of little significance. In this invention, ratio analysis can reduce errors. The wall thickness analysis of this invention uses the median wall thickness, which reflects the true wall thickness level of the target structure and is positively correlated with the strength of the target structure. In this invention, when stress analysis is flawed due to model construction or parameter settings, wall thickness analysis can supplement the judgment from the perspective of structural strength, and vice versa.

[0054] In this invention, both stress analysis and callus analysis are closely related to the fracture healing process. During fracture healing, the formation and maturation of callus affect the mechanical properties of the bone, while the results of stress analysis can indirectly reflect the growth of callus and the progress of bone healing. When callus analysis shows a low growth rate of the callus healing index, indicating that bone healing is nearing completion, if the S3 / S1 ratio in stress analysis is also close to the bone healing threshold, the two support each other, further confirming the state of bone healing. Stress analysis judges from the perspective of the overall mechanical behavior of the bone, while callus analysis focuses on the local healing characteristics of the callus. Callus analysis, through the callus healing index and its growth rate, can directly reflect the growth and healing trend of the callus, especially in the early formation and maturation stages, where it has high sensitivity. However, callus analysis may be affected by factors such as callus atrophy or a plateau phase, leading to misjudgments. Stress analysis can supplement this from the perspective of overall mechanical stability; even if there are some uncertainties in callus analysis, the results of stress analysis can still provide an important reference for the degree of bone healing. For example, when callus analysis is difficult to determine due to callus atrophy, stress analysis can help determine that bone healing is still in progress if it shows that the mechanical properties of the bone are close to normal.

[0055] The wall thickness analysis and callus analysis of this invention are both related to the microstructure and healing process of bone. Changes in cortical wall thickness in wall thickness analysis reflect the recovery of bone structure, while the callus healing index in callus analysis reflects the growth and maturation of callus. When wall thickness analysis shows that the δ3 / δ1 ratio is close to the bone healing threshold, and the growth rate of the callus healing index in callus analysis also conforms to the characteristics of bone healing, the two analyses support each other, jointly pointing to good progress in bone healing. Wall thickness analysis mainly focuses on changes in cortical thickness, reflecting the structural strength and density of bone, but its sensitivity to details of callus growth and healing trends is relatively low. Callus analysis, on the other hand, can reflect the growth and healing trends of callus in detail, especially in the early formation and maturation stages of callus, exhibiting high sensitivity. However, callus analysis may be affected by factors such as callus atrophy or plateauing, leading to misjudgments. Wall thickness analysis can supplement this by considering the strength and density of bone structure; even with some uncertainties in callus analysis, the results of wall thickness analysis still provide important references regarding the degree of bone healing. For example, when callus analysis is difficult to determine due to callus atrophy, wall thickness analysis can help determine that bone healing is still in progress if it shows that the cortical wall thickness is close to normal.

[0056] Therefore, in this invention, stress analysis, wall thickness analysis, and callus analysis are coordinated with each other, which greatly improves the accuracy of bone healing assessment. Stress analysis, wall thickness analysis, and callus analysis complement and corroborate each other in assessing bone healing status. From different perspectives, they integrate multiple factors to provide a strong basis for accurately assessing the state of bone healing.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] As shown in Figure 3, the bone healing degree analysis system of the present invention includes:

[0059] The CT image acquisition module is used to define the time before fracture as T0, the time of fracture as T1, the time when fracture fixation and repair are completed as T2, and the postoperative follow-up time as T3 to Tx respectively; it obtains images of the healthy side at T0 to Tx, images of the affected area at T1 to Tx, and simulated images of the affected area at T2 to Tx under the condition of fixation removal.

[0060] If a unilateral fracture occurs, a full-length CT scan is performed on the corresponding bone on the healthy side. The CT image of the healthy side at the current fracture time is acquired and defined as the healthy side T0-T1 time image. The CT image of the healthy side when the fracture fixation and repair are completed is acquired and defined as the healthy side T2 time image. Postoperative CT images of the healthy side are acquired periodically and defined as the healthy side T3-Tx time images in sequence.

[0061] A full-length CT scan of the bone corresponding to the affected area was performed. CT images of the affected area at the current fracture time were acquired and defined as T1 time images of the affected area. CT images of the affected area when fracture fixation and repair were completed were acquired and defined as T2 time images of the affected area. Postoperative CT images of the affected area were acquired periodically and defined sequentially as T3 to Tx time images of the affected area.

[0062] Three-dimensional reconstruction of the skeleton is performed based on the T2-Tx images of the affected area to simulate the state after fixation and removal of the affected area, and simulated images of the affected area from TM2 to TMx are generated.

[0063] If there are bilateral fractures, perform a full-length CT scan on the corresponding bone at the affected site, acquire the CT image of the affected site at the current fracture time, and define it as the T1 time image of the affected site; acquire the CT image of the affected site when the fracture fixation and repair are completed, and define it as the T2 time image of the affected site; periodically acquire the CT image of the affected site after surgery, and define it as the T3 to Tx time images of the affected site in sequence.

[0064] Three-dimensional bone reconstruction is performed based on the T1 time image of the affected area to simulate and restore the image before the fracture, and it is defined as the T0 time image of the healthy side. The T0 time image of the healthy side is also the T1 to Tx time image of the healthy side. Three-dimensional bone reconstruction is performed based on the T2 to Tx time images of the affected area to simulate the state after the fixation of the affected area is removed, and the TM2 to TMx simulated images of the affected area are formed.

[0065] The stress analysis and judgment module is used to perform finite element analysis based on the T2-Tx images of the healthy side, the T2-Tx images of the affected side, and the TM2-TMx simulated images of the affected side to obtain the corresponding stress-displacement curves. It then calculates the area under the curve (AUC) S1 of the healthy side at T2-Tx, the AUC S2 of the affected side under the fixed state at T2-Tx, and the AUC S3 of the affected side under the unfixed state at T2-Tx. Finally, it judges the bone healing status based on the ratio of S3 / S1 and outputs three results: bone healing, delayed bone healing, or nonunion.

[0066] When S3 / S1 > the first threshold 0.8, the output is bone healing; when the second threshold 0.3 ≤ S3 / S1 ≤ the first threshold 0.8, the output is delayed bone healing; when S3 / S1 < the second threshold 0.3, the output is bone non-union.

[0067] The bone wall thickness analysis and judgment module is used to perform cortical bone wall thickness analysis based on the T2-Tx images of the healthy side, the T2-Tx images of the affected side, and the simulated TM2-TMx images of the affected side, respectively, to obtain the median wall thickness δ1 of the healthy side at T2-Tx, the median wall thickness δ2 of the affected side under the fixed state at T2-Tx, and the median wall thickness δ3 of the affected side under the unfixed state at T2-Tx; then, the bone healing status is judged based on the ratio of δ3 / δ1, and three results are output: bone healing, delayed bone healing, or nonunion.

[0068] When δ3 / δ1 > the third threshold 0.84, the output indicates bone healing; when the fourth threshold 0.74 ≤ δ3 / δ1 ≤ the third threshold 0.84, the output indicates delayed bone healing; when δ3 / δ1 < the fourth threshold 0.74, the output indicates bone non-union.

[0069] The callus analysis and judgment module is used to perform callus topography analysis based on the T1-Tx images of the affected area, calculate the callus healing index, judge the bone healing status based on the growth rate of the callus healing index, and output two results: bone healed or bone not healed.

[0070] The callus healing index is the product of the average CT value of the callus and the callus volume. The callus volume is the volume measured in the callus region formed by taking 1 cm above and below the fracture site on the 3D topographic map of the callus. The average CT value of the callus is the average of the CT values ​​of all points in the callus region formed by taking 1 cm above and below the fracture site on the 3D topographic map of the callus. When the growth rate of the callus healing index is less than the fifth threshold of 0.1, the bone healing result is output; otherwise, the bone non-healing result is output.

[0071] The result synthesis and judgment module is used to determine whether there is a nonunion result: if there is a nonunion, it further determines whether there are two bone healing results; if there are two bone healing results, it outputs "delayed bone healing", if there are no two bone healing results, it outputs "nonunion"; if there is no nonunion, it further determines whether there is delayed bone healing, if there is no delayed bone healing, it outputs "bone healing"; if there is delayed bone healing, it further determines whether there are two bone healing results, if there are two bone healing results, it outputs "bone healing", if there are no two bone healing results, it outputs "delayed bone healing".

[0072] The auxiliary judgment module is used to judge S3 / S2 and δ3 / δ2 when the final output result is delayed bone healing or nonunion. If either ratio of S3 / S2 and δ3 / δ2 is greater than 0.9, the output is "fixation invalid".

[0073] Example 3

[0074] Another embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement a bone healing degree analysis method as described above.

[0075] The electronic device may include: a processor, a memory, a bus, and a communication interface, wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the memory are connected via the bus; the memory stores a computer program that can run on the processor, and when the processor runs the computer program, it executes a bone healing degree analysis method provided by any of the foregoing embodiments of the present invention.

[0076] The memory may include high-speed random access memory (RAM), and may also include unstable memory, such as at least one disk storage device. Communication between this device network element and at least one other network element is achieved through at least one communication interface (which can be wired or wireless), such as the Internet, wide area network, local area network, metropolitan area network, etc.

[0077] The bus can be an ISA bus, PCI bus, or EISA bus, etc. The bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. The memory is used to store programs, and the processor executes the program after receiving execution instructions. The bone healing degree analysis method disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments of the present invention can be applied to a processor, or implemented by a processor.

[0078] The processor may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, each step of the above method can be completed through integrated logic circuits in the processor's hardware or through software instructions. The processor can be a general-purpose processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an Off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this invention can be directly manifested as execution by a hardware decoding processor, or execution by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software modules can reside in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. This storage medium is located in memory; the processor reads information from the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method.

[0079] Example 4

[0080] Another embodiment of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program being executed by a processor to implement a bone healing degree analysis method of any of the above embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium is an optical disc having a computer program (i.e., a program product) stored thereon, the computer program, when run by a processor, performs the method provided in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0081] It should be noted that examples of computer-readable storage media may also include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other optical and magnetic storage media, which will not be elaborated here.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing the degree of bone healing, characterized in that, The steps include: (1) Defining the time before fracture as T0, the time of fracture as T1, the time when fracture fixation and repair are completed as T2, and the postoperative follow-up times as T3 to Tx; obtaining images of the healthy side at T0 to Tx, images of the affected area at T1 to Tx, and simulated images of the affected area at T2 to Tx under the condition of fixation removal; (2) Performing finite element analysis on the healthy side at T2 to Tx, the affected area at T2 to Tx, and the simulated images of the affected area at T2 to Tx to obtain the corresponding stress-displacement curves, and calculating the stress-displacement curves of the healthy side at T2 to Tx. The area under the curve S1, the area under the curve S2 of the affected side under the fixed state at time T2-Tx, and the area under the curve S3 of the affected side under the unfixed state at time T2-Tx are obtained. Then, the bone healing status is judged according to the ratio of S3 / S1, and three results are output: bone healing, delayed bone healing, or bone nonunion; (3) Based on the images of the healthy side at time T2-Tx, the images of the affected side at time T2-Tx, and the simulated images of the affected side at time TM2-TMx, the bone cortical wall thickness is analyzed to obtain the median wall thickness δ1 of the healthy side at time T2-Tx, the median wall thickness δ2 of the affected side under the fixed state at time T2-Tx, and the area under the curve S3 of the affected side under the unfixed state at time T2-Tx. The median wall thickness δ3 of the affected side without fixation is recorded; then the bone healing status is judged according to the ratio of δ3 / δ1, and three results are output: bone healing, delayed bone healing, or nonunion. (4) The callus topography is analyzed according to the T1-Tx images of the affected area, and the callus healing index is calculated. The bone healing status is judged according to the growth rate of the callus healing index, and two results are output: bone healing or nonunion. (5) It is judged whether there is a nonunion result: if there is a nonunion, it is further judged whether there are two bone healing results; if there are two bone healing results, "delayed bone healing" is output; if there are no two bone healing results, "delayed bone healing" is output. As a result, the output is "nonunion"; if there is no nonunion, then it is further determined whether there is delayed healing. If there is no delayed healing, the output is "healed"; if there is delayed healing, then it is further determined whether there are two healing results. If there are two healing results, the output is "healed"; if there are no two healing results, the output is "delayed healing"; (6) When the final output result is delayed healing or nonunion, S3 / S2 and δ3 / δ2 are judged. If either ratio of S3 / S2 and δ3 / δ2 is greater than 0.9, then "fixation invalid" is output at the same time.

2. The method for analyzing the degree of bone healing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step (1) specifically includes the following steps: If it is a unilateral fracture, perform a full-length CT scan on the corresponding bone on the healthy side, collect the CT image of the healthy side at the current fracture time, and define it as the healthy side T0~T1 time image; collect the CT image of the healthy side when the fracture fixation and repair is completed, and define it as the healthy side T2 time image; periodically collect the CT image of the healthy side after surgery, and define it as the healthy side T3~Tx time image in sequence; perform a full-length CT scan on the corresponding bone of the affected area, collect the CT image of the affected area at the current fracture time, and define it as the affected area T1 time image; collect the CT image of the affected area when the fracture fixation and repair is completed, and define it as the affected area T2 time image; periodically collect the CT image of the affected area after surgery, and define it as the affected area T3~Tx time image in sequence; perform three-dimensional reconstruction of the bone based on the affected area T2~Tx time images, simulate the state after the fixation of the affected area is removed, and form the affected area TM2~TMx simulated images.

3. The method for analyzing the degree of bone healing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step (1) specifically includes the following steps: If there is a bilateral fracture, perform a full-length CT scan on the bone corresponding to the affected area, collect the CT image of the affected area at the current fracture time, and define it as the T1 time image of the affected area; collect the CT image of the affected area when the fracture fixation and repair are completed, and define it as the T2 time image of the affected area; periodically collect the CT image of the affected area after surgery, and define it as the T3 to Tx time images of the affected area in sequence; perform three-dimensional reconstruction of the bone based on the T1 time image of the affected area, simulate and restore it to the image before the fracture, and define it as the T0 to Tx time images of the healthy side; perform three-dimensional reconstruction of the bone based on the T2 to Tx time images of the affected area, simulate the state after the fixation of the affected area is removed, and form the TM2 to TMx simulated images of the affected area.

4. The method for analyzing the degree of bone healing according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (4), the callus healing index refers to the product of the average CT value of the callus and the callus volume. The callus volume refers to the volume obtained by measuring the volume of the callus region formed by taking certain distances above and below the fracture site on the three-dimensional topographic map of the callus. The average CT value of the callus refers to the average value of the CT values ​​of all points in the callus region formed by taking certain distances above and below the fracture site on the three-dimensional topographic map of the callus. When the growth rate of the callus healing index is less than the fifth threshold, the bone healing result is output; otherwise, the bone non-healing result is output.

5. A bone healing degree analysis system, characterized in that, include: The CT image acquisition module defines time as T0 before fracture, T1 at the time of fracture, T2 when fracture fixation and repair are completed, and T3 to Tx for postoperative follow-up examinations. It acquires images of the healthy side at times T0–Tx, images of the affected area at times T1–Tx, and simulated images of the affected area at times T2–Tx under the condition of fixation removal. The stress analysis and judgment module performs finite element analysis based on the images of the healthy side at times T2–Tx, the affected area at times T2–Tx, and the simulated images of the affected area at times T2–Tx, obtaining the corresponding stress-displacement curves and calculating the stress on the healthy side at times T2–Tx. The area under the curve (AUC) is calculated as follows: S1 for the affected side with a fixed state at time T2-Tx; S2 for the affected side with a fixed state at time T2-Tx; and S3 for the affected side without a fixed state at time T2-Tx. The ratio of S3 / S1 is used to determine the bone healing status, outputting three results: bone healing, delayed bone healing, or nonunion. The wall thickness analysis module performs cortical bone wall thickness analysis based on images from the healthy side at time T2-Tx, images from the affected side at time T2-Tx, and simulated images from the affected side at time T2-Tx. This yields the median wall thickness δ1 for the healthy side at time T2-Tx, the median wall thickness δ2 for the affected side with a fixed state at time T2-Tx, and the median wall thickness δ2 for the affected side at time T2-Tx. The median wall thickness δ3 under no fixed condition is used; then, the bone healing status is determined based on the ratio of δ3 / δ1, outputting three results: bone healing, delayed bone healing, or nonunion. The callus analysis and judgment module is used to perform callus topography analysis based on images of the affected area from T1 to Tx, calculate the callus healing index, and determine the bone healing status based on the growth rate of the callus healing index, outputting two results: bone healing or nonunion. The result comprehensive judgment module is used to determine whether there is a nonunion result: if nonunion exists, it further determines whether there are two bone healing results; if there are two bone healing results, it outputs "delayed bone healing"; if there are no two... If the bone healing result is positive, the output is "Bone nonunion"; if there is no bone nonunion, the next step is to determine if there is delayed bone healing. If there is no delayed bone healing, the output is "Bone Healed"; if there is delayed bone healing, the next step is to determine if there are two bone healing results. If there are two bone healing results, the output is "Bone Healed"; if there are no two bone healing results, the output is "Delayed Bone Healing". The auxiliary judgment module is used to judge S3 / S2 and δ3 / δ2 when the final output result is delayed bone healing or bone nonunion. If either ratio of S3 / S2 and δ3 / δ2 is greater than 0.9, the output is "Fixing Invalid".

6. The bone healing degree analysis system according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the CT image acquisition module, if a unilateral fracture occurs, a full-length CT scan is performed on the corresponding bone on the healthy side, acquiring the CT image of the healthy side at the current fracture moment and defining it as the healthy side T0-T1 time image; the CT image of the healthy side when fracture fixation and repair are completed is acquired and defined as the healthy side T2 time image; postoperative CT images of the healthy side are acquired periodically and sequentially defined as the healthy side T3-Tx time images; a full-length CT scan is performed on the corresponding bone at the affected site, acquiring the CT image of the affected site at the current fracture moment and defining it as the affected site T1 time image; the CT image of the affected site when fracture fixation and repair are completed is acquired and defined as the affected site T2 time image; postoperative CT images of the affected site are acquired periodically and sequentially defined as the affected site T3-Tx time images; based on the affected site T2-Tx time images, three-dimensional bone reconstruction is performed to simulate the state after the affected site is removed from fixation, and simulated images of the affected site TM2-TMx are formed.

7. The bone healing degree analysis system according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the CT image acquisition module, if there is a bilateral fracture, a full-length CT scan is performed on the corresponding bone at the affected site, and the CT image of the affected site at the current fracture time is acquired and defined as the T1 time image of the affected site; the CT image of the affected site when the fracture fixation and repair are completed is acquired and defined as the T2 time image of the affected site; the CT images of the affected site after surgery are acquired periodically and defined as the T3 to Tx time images of the affected site in sequence; based on the T1 time image of the affected site, three-dimensional bone reconstruction is performed to simulate and restore the image at the time before the fracture, and defined as the T0 to Tx time images of the healthy side; based on the T2 to Tx time images of the affected site, three-dimensional bone reconstruction is performed to simulate the state after the fixation of the affected site is removed, and the TM2 to TMx simulated images of the affected site are formed.

8. The bone healing degree analysis system according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the bone callus analysis and judgment module, the bone callus healing index is the product of the average CT value of the callus and the callus volume. The callus volume is the volume measured by taking a certain distance above and below the fracture site on the three-dimensional topographic map of the callus. The average CT value of the callus is the average of the CT values ​​of all points in the local callus area taken at a certain distance above and below the fracture site on the three-dimensional topographic map of the callus. When the growth rate of the bone callus healing index is less than the fifth threshold, the bone healing result is output; otherwise, the bone non-healing result is output.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement a method for analyzing the degree of bone healing as described in any one of claims 1-4.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by a processor to implement a method for analyzing the degree of bone healing as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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