Lithium battery dismounting and recycling device

Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium battery dismounting and recycling device, and belongs to the field of lithium battery recycling, the lithium battery dismounting and recycling device comprises a first conveyor belt, the middle position of the first conveyor belt is provided with a steady-state voltage detection assembly for measuring the voltage of a lithium battery, and the tail end of the first conveyor belt is provided with a switching assembly; a mechanical load adding assembly for mechanically discharging the lithium battery is arranged in the middle of the second conveying belt; broadband electromagnetic generators are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the protective shell, and an infrared temperature sensor is further arranged on one side of the inner wall of the protective shell. By arranging the switching assembly, the steady-state voltage detection assembly, the mechanical load adding assembly, the broadband electromagnetic generator and the like, the appearance characteristics of the lithium battery can be judged, different pre-discharging modes are adopted for the two conditions of intact appearance and damage deformation, and the situation that when the lithium battery is damaged and deformed, the lithium battery is damaged and deformed is avoided. And the short circuit risk caused by mechanical discharge is directly adopted, so that the safety of discharge work is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of lithium battery recycling, and more particularly to a lithium battery disassembly and recycling device. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of lithium battery applications and the increase in the number of waste lithium batteries, lithium battery recycling technology has become a method for effectively processing and recycling waste batteries.

[0003] Before disassembling and recycling lithium batteries, the residual charge inside the lithium batteries may cause a short circuit during disassembly or mechanical impact, resulting in instantaneous release of energy from the battery, causing an explosion or fire. Therefore, the used lithium batteries need to be discharged in advance. Common ways to discharge lithium batteries are usually the following: 1. Salt solution immersion, suitable for small consumer lithium batteries, the disadvantage is that the processing cycle is long, and the treatment liquid containing heavy metals needs to be purified; 2. Mechanical discharge, suitable for high-capacity power batteries, the disadvantage is that the equipment is complex and the cost is high; 3. Low-temperature freezing inactivation, suitable for industrial large-scale processing, the disadvantage is high equipment cost and large liquid nitrogen consumption.

[0004] Regarding the pre-discharge method of mechanical discharge, the existing technology usually adopts a single form of pre-discharge method for discharge, that is, a fixed resistance load is loaded on the positive and negative poles of the battery for discharge. However, when encountering situations such as battery deformation or package damage, direct contact mechanical discharge is likely to cause short circuit risks, posing a great hidden danger to equipment and personnel safety. In addition, the use of a fixed resistance load for discharge also has the problems of long discharge cycle and inability to adjust the load according to the real-time terminal voltage, which reduces the efficiency of lithium battery disassembly and recycling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a lithium battery disassembly and recycling device.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0007] A lithium battery disassembly and recycling device comprises a first conveyor belt, on which lithium batteries are arranged; a steady-state voltage detection component for measuring the voltage of the lithium batteries is arranged in the middle of the first conveyor belt, and a switching component is arranged at the end of the first conveyor belt; A No. 3 conveyor belt is provided on one side of the No. 1 conveyor belt, a No. 2 conveyor belt is provided on the upper end of the No. 3 conveyor belt, and a mechanical load adding component for mechanically discharging the lithium battery is provided in the middle of the No. 2 conveyor belt. The switching component connects the No. 1 conveyor belt with the No. 2 conveyor belt, and the No. 1 conveyor belt with the No. 3 conveyor belt as needed during operation; a protective shell is provided around the space formed inside the No. 3 conveyor belt and the No. 2 conveyor belt, and broadband electromagnetic generators are symmetrically provided on both sides of the protective shell, and an infrared temperature sensor is also provided on one side of the inner wall of the protective shell; It also includes a processing unit to control the operation of the device.

[0008] Furthermore, the steady-state voltage detection component includes a No. 1 fixing bracket fixedly connected to the upper end of the No. 1 conveyor belt, a digital multimeter is provided in the middle position of the lower end of the No. 1 fixing bracket, an industrial camera is also provided at the front end of the No. 1 fixing bracket, and No. 1 robotic arms are respectively provided on both sides of the lower end of the No. 1 fixing bracket, and the ends of the No. 1 robotic arms respectively clamp the positive and negative terminals of the digital multimeter and are electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the lithium battery.

[0009] Furthermore, the switching component includes a motor fixedly connected to one end of the No. 1 conveyor belt, the motor passes through the No. 1 conveyor belt and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the No. 1 conveyor belt; the outer cylindrical surface of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the base frame, and the No. 4 conveyor belt is provided inside the base frame.

[0010] Furthermore, the mechanical load adding component includes a No. 2 fixed frame fixedly connected to the middle position of the No. 2 conveyor belt, the upper end of the No. 2 fixed frame is fixedly connected to a U-shaped frame, one side of the upper end of the U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to a fixed plate, one side of the fixed plate is fixedly connected to a telescopic rod, one end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a conductor metal contact pin, the middle position of the U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to a resistance coil, and the conductor metal contact pin is electrically in contact with the resistance coil during movement, a No. 2 mechanical arm is symmetrically provided at the bottom of the No. 2 fixed frame, and an electrical contact electrode is provided at the end of the No. 2 mechanical arm, and one group of the electrical contact electrodes is electrically connected to one end of the resistance coil through a set wire, and the other group of electrical contact electrodes is electrically connected to the conductor metal contact pin through a set wire, and a voltmeter is also provided in the electrical path for real-time detection of the path voltage.

[0011] Furthermore, the resistance adjustment range of the mechanical load adding component is 0-1000 ohms.

[0012] Furthermore, a buffer assembly is provided at one end of the No. 3 conveyor belt near the switching assembly. The buffer assembly includes baffles symmetrically hinged on both sides of the No. 3 conveyor belt. Rubber pads are bonded to the surface of the baffles, and a spring is provided between one side of the baffle and the No. 3 conveyor belt.

[0013] Furthermore, the processing unit is used to identify the positive and negative poles of the lithium battery from the video detected in real time by the industrial camera and electrically connect the steady-state voltage detection component to the lithium battery, while identifying the external features of the lithium battery; detect the real-time discharge voltage according to the voltmeter, establish a formula, obtain the real-time required resistance value of the mechanical load adding component, and perform compensation adjustment through the telescopic rod; detect the temperature of the lithium battery in real time through the infrared temperature sensor, and obtain the real-time eddy current value inside the lithium battery through calculation, and obtain the optimal operating frequency of the broadband electromagnetic generator through the current value calculation.

[0014] Furthermore, the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery are identified from the real-time video detected by the industrial camera, and the steady-state voltage detection component is electrically connected to the lithium battery. At the same time, the external features of the lithium battery are identified, including: The video data is read frame by frame, and the color image of each frame is converted into a grayscale image. The grayscale image is smoothed using the Gaussian blur algorithm, and the edge information is extracted using the Canny edge detection algorithm. The frames in the image are detected using the Hough transform, and the detected frames are classified and identified. The specific positions and parameters of the positive and negative poles of the lithium battery are extracted, and the steady-state voltage detection component is controlled to be electrically connected to the lithium battery. The initial steady-state voltage of the lithium battery is detected. In addition, the external features of the lithium battery are identified to determine whether there is deformation or damage.

[0015] Furthermore, according to the real-time discharge voltage detected by the voltmeter, a formula is established to obtain the real-time resistance value required by the mechanical load adding component, and compensation adjustment is performed through the telescopic rod, including Assuming that the lithium battery is not deformed or damaged, combined with the initial steady-state voltage of the lithium battery and the set constant current value, the resistance value that needs to be initially loaded by the mechanical load adding component is obtained and adjusted. The real-time discharge voltage is detected by the voltmeter, and the resistance value that needs to be initially loaded by the mechanical load adding component is dynamically adjusted.

[0016] Furthermore, the temperature of the lithium battery is detected in real time by an infrared temperature sensor, and the real-time eddy current value inside the lithium battery is calculated. The optimal operating frequency of the broadband electromagnetic generator is calculated by the current value, including: The system receives the lithium battery temperature detected by the infrared temperature sensor in real time, establishes a formula to calculate the real-time eddy current value inside the lithium battery, obtains the real-time state of charge of the lithium battery through the current value, and calculates the optimal operating frequency of the broadband electromagnetic generator based on the real-time state of charge of the lithium battery.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) This application is capable of judging the appearance characteristics of lithium batteries by setting up switching components, steady-state voltage detection components, mechanical load addition components and broadband electromagnetic generators, and adopting different pre-discharge methods for the two situations of intact appearance and damaged and deformed appearance, thereby avoiding the short circuit risk caused by direct mechanical discharge when the lithium battery is damaged and deformed, improving the safety of discharge work, and effectively protecting personnel and equipment.

[0018] (2) By setting up a mechanical load adding component, the present application can adjust the resistance value of the resistor coil in real time as needed, so that the current in the path is constant and maintained at the maximum allowable value, avoiding the risk of short circuit caused by excessive instantaneous current in the path. At the same time, by adjusting the resistance value of the resistor coil in real time, compared with the traditional fixed resistance discharge, it can select the appropriate resistance value for loading according to the voltage change, shorten the discharge cycle, and improve the efficiency of lithium battery disassembly and recycling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Cross-sectional structural diagram; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the amplified structure of the steady-state voltage detection component; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the switching component; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the buffer component; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the mechanical load adding component of the present invention.

[0020] Description of the numbers in the figure: 1. Conveyor belt No. 1; 2. Lithium battery; 3. Steady-state voltage detection component; 31. Fixing bracket No. 1; 32. Digital multimeter; 33. Industrial camera; 34. Robotic arm No. 1; 4. Switching assembly; 41. Motor; 42. Rotating shaft; 43. Base frame; 44. Conveyor belt No. 4; 5. Mechanical load adding assembly; 51. No. 2 fixing frame; 52. U-shaped frame; 53. Fixing plate; 54. Telescopic rod; 55. Conductor metal contact pin; 56. Resistor coil; 57. Wire; 58. No. 2 mechanical arm; 59. Electrical contact electrode; 6. Conveyor belt No. 2; 7. Conveyor belt No. 3; 8. Protective shell; 9. Broadband electromagnetic generator; 10. Buffer assembly; 101. Baffle; 102. Rubber pad; 103. Spring; 11. Infrared temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] See also Figures 1 to 6 A lithium battery disassembly and recycling device includes a first conveyor belt 1, on which a lithium battery 2 is arranged; a steady-state voltage detection component 3 for measuring the voltage of the lithium battery 2 is provided in the middle of the first conveyor belt 1, and a switching component 4 is provided at the end of the first conveyor belt 1; A No. 3 conveyor belt 7 is provided on one side of the No. 1 conveyor belt 1, a No. 2 conveyor belt 6 is provided on the upper end of the No. 3 conveyor belt 7, and a mechanical load adding component 5 for mechanically discharging the lithium battery 2 is provided in the middle position of the No. 2 conveyor belt 6. The switching component 4 connects the No. 1 conveyor belt 1 with the No. 2 conveyor belt 6, and the No. 1 conveyor belt 1 with the No. 3 conveyor belt 7 as needed during operation; a protective shell 8 is provided around the space formed inside the No. 3 conveyor belt 7 and the No. 2 conveyor belt 6, and broadband electromagnetic generators 9 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the protective shell 8. An infrared temperature sensor 11 is also provided on one side of the inner wall of the protective shell 8; It also includes a processing unit to control the operation of the device.

[0023] Before disassembling and recycling the used lithium battery 2, it is first pre-discharged. In this application, the lithium battery 2 is placed on the first conveyor belt 1 for conveyance. When it is conveyed to the bottom of the steady-state voltage detection component 3, the steady-state voltage detection component 3 is used to detect the current steady-state voltage of the lithium battery 2 and identify the appearance characteristics; If the appearance of the lithium battery 2 is deformed or the package is damaged, the processing unit controls the switching component 4 to connect with the No. 3 conveyor belt 7, and conveys the lithium battery 2 to the No. 3 conveyor belt 7, and starts the broadband electromagnetic generator 9 to generate an AC magnetic field. The high-frequency electromagnetic field (2-10MHz) penetrates the outer shell of the lithium battery 2, induces eddy currents in the internal conductors of the battery cell, and uses the Joule heating effect to convert electrical energy into heat energy for dissipation, thereby realizing the release of residual power without physical contact; the protective shell 8 can isolate the magnetic field and provide a certain degree of protection for equipment and personnel.

[0024] If the appearance of the lithium battery 2 is normal, the processing unit controls the switching component 4 to connect to the second conveyor belt 6, and uses the mechanical load adding component 5 to electrically connect to the lithium battery 2, and consumes and discharges the internal electrical energy of the lithium battery 2 through the resistance on the mechanical load adding component 5.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, the steady-state voltage detection component 3 includes a No. 1 fixing frame 31 fixedly connected to the upper end of the No. 1 conveyor belt 1, a digital multimeter 32 is provided in the middle position of the lower end of the No. 1 fixing frame 31, an industrial camera 33 is also provided at the front end of the No. 1 fixing frame 31, and No. 1 mechanical arms 34 are respectively provided on both sides of the lower end of the No. 1 fixing frame 31, and the ends of the No. 1 mechanical arms 34 respectively clamp the positive and negative terminal posts of the digital multimeter 32 and are electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the lithium battery 2.

[0026] When the steady-state voltage detection component 3 is working, the industrial camera 33 is used to detect the position of the positive and negative poles of the lithium battery 2, and the positive and negative pole terminals of the digital multimeter 32 are electrically connected to the positive and negative poles of the lithium battery 2 through the No. 1 robotic arm 34 to form a pathway. The digital multimeter 32 is used to detect the steady-state voltage of the lithium battery 2 (the processing unit receives the steady-state voltage value), and the industrial camera 33 is used to determine the appearance characteristics of the lithium battery 2.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, the switching component 4 includes a motor 41 fixedly connected to one end of the No. 1 conveyor belt 1, the motor 41 passes through the No. 1 conveyor belt 1 and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 42, and the other end of the rotating shaft 42 is rotatably connected to the No. 1 conveyor belt 1; the outer cylindrical surface of the rotating shaft 42 is fixedly connected to the base frame 43, and the No. 4 conveyor belt 44 is provided inside the base frame 43.

[0028] When the switching component 4 is working, the processing unit controls the motor 41 to rotate a certain angle, so that the rotating shaft 42 drives the base frame 43 to rotate a certain angle, so that the No. 4 conveyor belt 44 is connected to the No. 2 conveyor belt 6 or the No. 3 conveyor belt 7 accordingly. It should be noted that the No. 4 conveyor belt 44 and the No. 1 conveyor belt 1, No. 2 conveyor belt 6, and No. 3 conveyor belt 7 themselves have a driving source, so that when in a horizontal position, the No. 4 conveyor belt 44 can normally transport the lithium battery 2.

[0029] like Figure 6As shown, the mechanical load adding component 5 includes a No. 2 fixed frame 51 fixedly connected to the middle position of the No. 2 conveyor belt 6, the upper end of the No. 2 fixed frame 51 is fixedly connected to a U-shaped frame 52, one side of the upper end of the U-shaped frame 52 is fixedly connected to a fixed plate 53, one side of the fixed plate 53 is fixedly connected to a telescopic rod 54, one end of the telescopic rod 54 is fixedly connected to a conductor metal contact pin 55, the middle position of the U-shaped frame 52 is fixedly connected to a resistance coil 56, and the conductor metal contact pin 55 is electrically in contact with the resistance coil 56 during movement, and a No. 2 mechanical arm 58 is symmetrically provided at the bottom of the No. 2 fixed frame 51, and an electrical contact electrode 59 is provided at the end of the No. 2 mechanical arm 58, and one group of the electrical contact electrodes 59 is electrically connected to one end of the resistance coil 56 through a set wire 57, and the other group of electrical contact electrodes 59 is electrically connected to the conductor metal contact pin 55 through a set wire 57, and a voltmeter is also provided in the electrical path for real-time detection of the path voltage.

[0030] The resistance adjustment range of the mechanical load adding component 5 is 0-1000 ohms.

[0031] During operation, the mechanical load-adding assembly 5 first drives the two electrical contact plates 59 to electrically connect to the positive and negative terminals of the lithium battery 2, respectively, via the second mechanical arm 58. The processing unit then adjusts the initial resistance value based on the initial steady-state voltage of the lithium battery 2 (as measured by the digital multimeter 32). During adjustment, the telescopic rod 54 moves the conductive metal contact pin 55, which makes electrical contact with the resistor coil 56 during movement. This short-circuits a portion of the resistor coil 56 (corresponding to the length of the lower end of the telescopic rod 54), leaving only a portion of the resistor coil 56 in the circuit path, thereby adjusting the resistance value of the resistor coil 56. By monitoring the real-time voltage of the lithium battery 2 with a voltmeter and calculating the resistance value of the resistor coil 56, the resistance value of the resistor coil 56 can be adjusted in real time, ensuring that the current in the circuit remains constant and at the maximum allowable value, thereby avoiding the risk of short circuits caused by transient excessive current in the circuit. Furthermore, by adjusting the resistance value of the resistor coil 56 in real time, compared to traditional fixed-resistance discharge, the most appropriate resistance value can be selected for loading based on voltage changes, shortening the discharge cycle and improving the efficiency of lithium battery disassembly and recycling.

[0032] like Figure 5 As shown, a buffer assembly 10 is further provided at one end of the No. 3 conveyor belt 7 close to the switching assembly 4. The buffer assembly 10 includes baffles 101 symmetrically hinged on both sides of the No. 3 conveyor belt 7. A rubber pad 102 is bonded to the surface of the baffle 101. A spring 103 is also provided between one side of the baffle 101 and the No. 3 conveyor belt 7.

[0033] When the switching component 4 is connected to the No. 3 conveyor belt 7, since the switching component 4 is in an inclined state at this time, the lithium battery 2 is easily bumped against the No. 3 conveyor belt 7 when it moves from the switching component 4 to the No. 3 conveyor belt 7 under gravity, and the lithium battery 2 is usually deformed and the packaging is damaged at this time, and it is more likely to explode when hit. By providing a buffer component 10, when the lithium battery 2 falls from the switching component 4 to the No. 3 conveyor belt 7, it first contacts the two baffles 101, and then the spring 103 is used to buffer the impact, and a rubber pad 102 is provided on the surface of the baffle 101, which plays a protective effect on the lithium battery 2. After the initial buffering, the lithium battery 2 gradually squeezes the two baffles 101 under the action of inertia and the No. 3 conveyor belt 7, continues to be conveyed forward, and performs electromagnetic coupling discharge.

[0034] The processing unit is used to identify the positive and negative poles of the lithium battery 2 from the video detected in real time by the industrial camera 33 and electrically connect the steady-state voltage detection component 3 to the lithium battery 2, while identifying the external features of the lithium battery 2; detect the real-time discharge voltage according to the voltmeter, establish a formula, obtain the real-time required resistance value of the mechanical load adding component 5, and perform compensation adjustment through the telescopic rod 54; detect the temperature of the lithium battery 2 in real time through the infrared temperature sensor 11, and obtain the real-time eddy current value inside the lithium battery 2 through calculation, and obtain the optimal operating frequency of the broadband electromagnetic generator 9 through the current value calculation.

[0035] In some implementations, identifying the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery 2 from the video detected in real time by the industrial camera 33 and electrically connecting the steady-state voltage detection component 3 to the lithium battery 2, while also identifying the external features of the lithium battery 2, includes: The video data is read frame by frame, and the color image of each frame is converted into a grayscale image. The grayscale image is smoothed using the Gaussian blur algorithm, and the edge information is extracted using the Canny edge detection algorithm. The frame in the image is detected using the Hough transform, and the detected frame is classified and identified. The specific position and parameters of the positive and negative poles of the lithium battery 2 are extracted, and the steady-state voltage detection component 3 is controlled to be electrically connected to the lithium battery 2. The initial steady-state voltage of the lithium battery 2 is detected. In addition, the external features of the lithium battery 2 are identified to determine whether there is deformation or damage.

[0036] By adopting the above technical solution, the processing unit first captures a video stream in real time using an industrial camera 33 and transmits the captured video data to the processing unit via a data cable or wirelessly. The processing unit then breaks the video stream into individual frames and processes them frame by frame. For each frame, the processing unit converts it from color (typically in RGB format) to a grayscale image by calculating the grayscale value of each pixel. The grayscale value is a weighted sum of the red, green, and blue components of the pixel. After obtaining the grayscale image, the processing unit smoothes the image using a Gaussian blur algorithm. The processing unit then convolves the Gaussian kernel with the grayscale image to achieve the blur effect. After the image is smoothed, the processing unit uses the Canny edge detection algorithm to identify edges in the image and the Hough transform to detect the frame shape in the image. Once the positive and negative terminals of the lithium battery 2 are identified, the processing unit extracts their specific positions and parameters and controls the first robotic arm 34 to electrically connect the positive and negative terminals of the digital multimeter 32 to the positive and negative terminals of the lithium battery 2 to form a circuit. The digital multimeter 32 is used to detect the steady-state voltage of the lithium battery 2 (the processing unit receives this steady-state voltage value). At the same time, the processing unit uses the Hough transform to detect irregular patterns in the image, such as those caused by dents or damage. This allows the processing unit to determine whether the lithium battery 2 is deformed or the package is damaged.

[0037] In some implementations, a formula is established based on the real-time discharge voltage detected by the voltmeter to obtain the real-time required resistance value of the mechanical load adding component 5, and compensation adjustment is performed through the telescopic rod 54; Assuming that the lithium battery 2 is not deformed or damaged, combined with the initial steady-state voltage of the lithium battery 2 and the set constant current value, the resistance value that the mechanical load adding component 5 needs to be loaded initially is obtained and adjusted, and the real-time discharge voltage is detected according to the voltmeter, and the resistance value that the mechanical load adding component 5 needs to be loaded initially is dynamically adjusted.

[0038] By adopting the above technical solution, if the lithium battery 2 is not deformed or damaged, it is discharged normally through the mechanical load adding component 5. During discharge, a formula is established to obtain the real-time resistance value required by the mechanical load adding component 5. The specific formula is as follows:

[0039] Wherein, V is the real-time voltage value of the lithium battery 2 during the discharge process, I is the constant current value (pre-set to the maximum value allowed to flow), and R is the real-time resistance value required by the mechanical load adding component 5; After obtaining the resistance value required by the mechanical load adding component 5 in real time, compensation adjustment is performed through the telescopic rod 54. When making specific adjustments, refer to the following relationship:

[0040] Among them, RX is the effective resistance value of the access path of the resistance coil 56; R0 is the maximum value of the resistance coil 56, which is known; X is the extension amount of the telescopic rod 54; L is the maximum length of the resistance coil 56; According to the above formula, the required extension and contraction amount of the telescopic rod 54 is calculated, and the processing unit controls the telescopic rod 54 to move so that the mechanical load adding component 5 loads the resistance value required in real time.

[0041] In some implementations, the temperature of the lithium battery 2 is detected in real time by the infrared temperature sensor 11, and the real-time eddy current value inside the lithium battery 2 is calculated, and the optimal operating frequency of the broadband electromagnetic generator 9 is calculated by the current value; The temperature of the lithium battery 2 detected by the infrared temperature sensor 11 is received in real time, a formula is established to calculate the real-time eddy current value inside the lithium battery 2, the real-time charge state of the lithium battery 2 is calculated through the current value, and the optimal operating frequency of the broadband electromagnetic generator 9 is calculated according to the real-time charge state of the lithium battery 2.

[0042] By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature of the lithium battery 2 detected by the infrared temperature sensor 11 is received in real time, and a formula is established to calculate the real-time eddy current value inside the lithium battery 2. The specific relationship is as follows:

[0043] Wherein, K is the equivalent thermal conductivity of the battery material, which can be obtained by consulting the literature; T is the average temperature value of the lithium battery 2, which is approximately detected by the infrared temperature sensor 11; ρ is the average resistivity of the lithium battery 2, which can be obtained by consulting the literature; J is the density value of the eddy current, C P is the specific heat capacity, and t is the temperature change time.

[0044] After calculating the real-time eddy current value inside the lithium battery 2, the real-time state of charge of the lithium battery 2 is calculated using the formula as follows:

[0045] Among them, SOC t is the real-time state of charge of lithium battery 2, SOC0 is the initial state of charge of lithium battery 2, C N is the rated capacity of the battery; J is the density of the eddy current, and t is the temperature change time; wherein, SOC0 can be calculated from the initial steady-state voltage of the lithium battery 2 (i.e., the voltage value detected by the digital multimeter 32), referring to the following formula:

[0046] Wherein, V is the initial steady-state voltage of the lithium battery, A, B, C, and D are polynomial coefficients, which can be obtained through calibration tests in the pretreatment stage according to the battery chemistry; SOC0 is the initial state of charge of lithium battery 2.

[0047] After calculating SOC0, SOC t The optimal operating frequency of the broadband electromagnetic generator 9 is calculated according to the formula:

[0048] Where f is the optimal operating frequency of the broadband electromagnetic generator 9, K1 is the capacity coefficient (typical value is 1.2-1.8), K2 is the SOC compensation coefficient (typical value is 2-4 MHZ), θ is the distribution adjustment factor (typical value is 8-12), C is the initial capacity of the lithium battery 2, which is known; SOC t Real-time charge status of lithium battery 2; Substituting the above values ​​into the above formula, the optimal operating frequency of the broadband electromagnetic generator 9 is obtained. The processing unit controls the broadband electromagnetic generator 9 to make corresponding adjustments, so that the discharge uniformity is improved.

[0049] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or modifications based on the technical solutions and improved concepts of the present invention shall be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lithium battery disassembly and recycling device, comprising a conveyor belt (1), characterized in that: The first conveyor belt (1) is provided with a lithium battery (2); a steady-state voltage detection component (3) for measuring the voltage of the lithium battery (2) is provided in the middle of the first conveyor belt (1); and a switching component (4) is provided at the end of the first conveyor belt (1); A No. 3 conveyor belt (7) is provided on one side of the No. 1 conveyor belt (1), a No. 2 conveyor belt (6) is provided on the upper end of the No. 3 conveyor belt (7), a mechanical load adding component (5) for mechanically discharging the lithium battery (2) is provided in the middle of the No. 2 conveyor belt (6), and the No. 1 conveyor belt (1) and the No. 3 conveyor belt (7) are connected as needed during operation; a protective shell (8) is provided around the space formed inside the No. 3 conveyor belt (7) and the No. 2 conveyor belt (6), and broadband electromagnetic generators (9) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the protective shell (8), and an infrared temperature sensor (11) is also provided on one side of the inner wall of the protective shell (8); It also includes a processing unit to control the operation of the device.

2. The lithium battery disassembly and recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steady-state voltage detection component (3) comprises a No. 1 fixing frame (31) fixedly connected to the upper end of the No. 1 conveyor belt (1), a digital multimeter (32) is provided at the middle position of the lower end of the No. 1 fixing frame (31), an industrial camera (33) is also provided at the front end of the No. 1 fixing frame (31), and No. 1 mechanical arms (34) are respectively provided on both sides of the lower end of the No. 1 fixing frame (31), and the ends of the No. 1 mechanical arms (34) respectively clamp the positive and negative terminal blocks of the digital multimeter (32) and are electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery (2).

3. The lithium battery disassembly and recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching assembly (4) includes a motor (41) fixedly connected to one end of the No. 1 conveyor belt (1), the motor (41) passes through the No. 1 conveyor belt (1) and is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (42), and the other end of the rotating shaft (42) is rotatably connected to the No. 1 conveyor belt (1); the outer cylindrical surface of the rotating shaft (42) is fixedly connected to a base frame (43), and the No. 4 conveyor belt (44) is provided inside the base frame (43).

4. The lithium battery disassembly and recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical load adding component (5) comprises a No. 2 fixing frame (51) fixedly connected to the middle position of the No. 2 conveyor belt (6), the upper end of the No. 2 fixing frame (51) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped frame (52), one side of the upper end of the U-shaped frame (52) is fixedly connected to a fixing plate (53), one side of the fixing plate (53) is fixedly connected to a telescopic rod (54), one end of the telescopic rod (54) is fixedly connected to a conductor metal contact pin (55), the middle position of the U-shaped frame (52) is fixedly connected to a resistance coil (56), and the conductor metal contact pin (55) moves during the process. The second fixing frame (51) is symmetrically provided with a second mechanical arm (58) at the bottom, and an electrical contact electrode (59) is provided at the end of the second mechanical arm (58), and one group of the electrical contact electrodes (59) is electrically connected to one end of the resistance coil (56) through a provided wire (57), and the other group of the electrical contact electrodes (59) is electrically connected to the conductor metal contact needle (55) through a provided wire (57), and a voltmeter is also provided in the electrical path for real-time detection of the path voltage.

5. The lithium battery disassembly and recycling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The resistance adjustment range of the mechanical load adding component (5) is 0-1000 ohms.

6. The lithium battery disassembly and recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer assembly (10) is further provided at one end of the No. 3 conveyor belt (7) near the switching assembly (4), and the buffer assembly (10) comprises baffles (101) symmetrically hinged on both sides of the No. 3 conveyor belt (7), a rubber pad (102) is bonded to the surface of the baffle (101), and a spring (103) is further provided between one side of the baffle (101) and the No. 3 conveyor belt (7).

7. The lithium battery disassembly and recycling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing unit is used to identify the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery (2) from the video detected in real time by the industrial camera (33), electrically connect the steady-state voltage detection component (3) to the lithium battery (2), and simultaneously identify the appearance characteristics of the lithium battery (2); The real-time discharge voltage is detected by the voltmeter, and a formula is established to obtain the real-time required resistance value of the mechanical load adding component (5), and compensation adjustment is performed through the telescopic rod (54); the temperature of the lithium battery (2) is detected in real time through the infrared temperature sensor (11), and the real-time eddy current value inside the lithium battery (2) is obtained through calculation, and the optimal operating frequency of the broadband electromagnetic generator (9) is obtained through the current value calculation.

8. The lithium battery disassembly and recycling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Identify the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery (2) from the video detected in real time by the industrial camera (33), electrically connect the steady-state voltage detection component (3) to the lithium battery (2), and simultaneously identify the external features of the lithium battery (2), including: Video data is read frame by frame, the color image of each frame is converted into a grayscale image, the grayscale image is smoothed using a Gaussian blur algorithm, edge information is extracted using a Canny edge detection algorithm, frames in the image are detected using a Hough transform, the detected frames are classified and identified, the specific positions and parameters of the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery (2) are extracted, the steady-state voltage detection component (3) is controlled to be electrically connected to the lithium battery (2), the initial steady-state voltage of the lithium battery (2) is detected, and the external features of the lithium battery (2) are identified to determine whether there is deformation or damage.

9. The lithium battery disassembly and recycling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: According to the real-time discharge voltage detected by the voltmeter, a formula is established to obtain the real-time required resistance value of the mechanical load adding component (5), and compensation adjustment is performed through the telescopic rod (54), including: In view of the fact that the lithium battery (2) does not have deformation or damage, the resistance value that the mechanical load adding component (5) needs to load initially is obtained and adjusted in combination with the initial steady-state voltage of the lithium battery (2) and the set constant current value. The resistance value that the mechanical load adding component (5) needs to load initially is dynamically adjusted based on the real-time discharge voltage detected by the voltmeter.

10. The lithium battery disassembly and recycling device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The temperature of the lithium battery (2) is detected in real time by an infrared temperature sensor (11), and the real-time eddy current value inside the lithium battery (2) is obtained by calculation. The optimal operating frequency of the broadband electromagnetic generator (9) is obtained by calculating the current value, including: The temperature of the lithium battery (2) detected by the infrared temperature sensor (11) is received in real time, a formula is established to calculate the real-time eddy current value inside the lithium battery (2), the real-time state of charge of the lithium battery (2) is obtained by calculating the current value, and the optimal operating frequency of the broadband electromagnetic generator (9) is calculated based on the real-time state of charge of the lithium battery (2).

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