Moving magnet type electromagnetic ejection device and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic catapulting, in particular to a moving magnet type electromagnetic catapulting device and a control method.The moving magnet type electromagnetic catapulting device comprises a non-uniform stator assembly, a catapulting track, a magnetic rotor assembly and a power supply driving assembly, and the non-uniform stator assembly is arranged on the catapulting track in the first direction; the magnetic rotor assembly is arranged on the ejection track in a sliding mode in the first direction. The power supply driving assembly can supply power to the non-uniform stator assembly to generate a non-uniform magnetic field, and the magnetic rotor assembly can perform accelerated motion and decelerated motion under the action of the non-uniform magnetic field. Self-adjustment of thrust is realized through a non-uniform magnetic field generated by the non-uniform stator assembly, so that the magnetic rotor assembly does accelerated motion and decelerated motion along an ejection track. The induced electromotive force frequency can automatically change along with the speed and the magnetic field gradient, the thrust requirements of different speed sections can be matched without an external frequency converter, and the system complexity is reduced; and the thrust response is faster.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic catapults, and in particular to a dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As electromagnetic catapult technology develops towards high efficiency, adaptability and lightweight, the limitations of traditional dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult systems (uniform permanent magnet stators) are becoming increasingly prominent: the fixed magnetic field distribution makes the acceleration curve inflexible and difficult to adapt to variable load requirements; frequency conversion control relies on power electronic equipment, and the system is complex and costly; energy utilization is low, especially in the non-uniform speed section where there are thrust fluctuations.

[0003] The conventional moving magnet electromagnetic catapult uniform stator system has a permanent magnet stator evenly distributed on the catapult track. Currently, the conventional moving magnet electromagnetic catapult uniform stator coil system has been improved by the following methods:

[0004] ① High-performance inverter upgrade: The inverter module in the drive system adopts a silicon carbide (SiC) inverter, with the switching frequency increased to above 100kHz, the loss reduced by 50%, and more precise frequency conversion control achieved.

[0005] ② Mechanical and structural improvements: Skewed pole / slot design, with stator coils tilted 5-15 degrees, disrupts magnetic field periodicity and reduces thrust fluctuations caused by cogging from 15% to 5%. However, this increases manufacturing complexity and costs.

[0006] Cogging is a periodic force fluctuation caused by changes in magnetic resistance when the poles of the mover (permanent magnet) and stator (motor coil) are aligned. The skewed pole design smoothes out these changes in magnetic resistance by disrupting the strict periodicity of the magnetic field so that the mover does not align all its poles simultaneously during movement.

[0007] This traditional dynamic magnet electromagnetic catapult uniform stator distribution method requires an external frequency converter to adjust the drive frequency to match the thrust requirements of different speed ranges, which increases the complexity of the system; it also has low energy utilization, significant thrust fluctuations, and limited dynamic response.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device and a control method, aiming to solve the problems of high system complexity and low energy utilization of existing dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult devices.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention proposes a dynamic magnetic electromagnetic ejection device, which includes a non-uniform stator assembly, an ejection track, a magnetic mover assembly and a power supply drive assembly. The non-uniform stator assembly is arranged on the ejection track along a first direction; the magnetic mover assembly is slidingly arranged on the ejection track along the first direction; the power supply drive assembly can supply power to the non-uniform stator assembly to generate a non-uniform magnetic field, and the magnetic mover assembly can perform acceleration and deceleration under the action of the non-uniform magnetic field.

[0011] Optionally, the non-uniform stator assembly includes an acceleration section and a deceleration section, the acceleration section includes a plurality of acceleration stator coils arranged in sequence along the first direction, and the spacing between two adjacent acceleration stator coils increases linearly with a slope k; the deceleration section includes a plurality of deceleration stator coils arranged in sequence along the first direction, and the spacing between two adjacent deceleration stator coils decreases linearly with a slope k′.

[0012] Optionally, the non-uniform stator assembly further includes a uniform speed section arranged between the acceleration section and the deceleration section, the uniform speed section including a plurality of uniform speed stator coils arranged in sequence along the first direction, and the magnetic mover assembly can perform uniform speed motion under the action of the uniform speed stator coils.

[0013] Optionally, the distance between two adjacent uniform speed stator coils is a fixed value.

[0014] Optionally, the magnetic mover assembly is a permanent magnet mover.

[0015] Optionally, the power supply drive component includes multiple three-phase power supply structures, and each of the acceleration stator coils, each of the uniform speed stator coils and each of the deceleration stator coils is respectively provided with a corresponding three-phase power supply structure, and the three-phase power supply structure includes a three-phase power supply and a three-phase power cable, and the three-phase power supply is electrically connected to the corresponding acceleration stator coil, the uniform speed stator coil or the deceleration stator coil through the three-phase power cable.

[0016] Optionally, the accelerating stator coil, the uniform speed stator coil and the decelerating stator coil are air-core coils or non-air-core coils.

[0017] Optionally, the dynamic magnetic electromagnetic ejection device also includes a mounting base, a position detection module and a control module. The position detection module and the ejection track are both arranged on the mounting base, and the position detection module can detect the position of the magnetic mover assembly in real time; the control module is electrically connected to the position detection module and the three-phase power supply respectively, and the control module can adjust the compensation current of the three-phase power supply according to the position of the magnetic mover assembly feedback by the position detection module.

[0018] In addition, the present invention also provides a control method for a dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device, which controls the dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device as described above to perform electromagnetic catapult operations, comprising:

[0019] A dynamic equation is established based on the launch mission. The length of the acceleration and deceleration segments and the thrust required in each stage are calculated based on the dynamic equation. The arrangement spacing of the non-uniform stator components is designed based on the calculation results. The launch mission includes the launch height, the terminal velocity, the mass of the projectile + the rotor, and the acceleration.

[0020] The magnetic field distribution of the permanent magnet array is obtained by measuring or simulating the arrangement spacing of the designed non-uniform stator components and stored as a position-magnetic field lookup table;

[0021] Turning on the power drive assembly to supply power to the non-uniform stator assembly to generate a non-uniform magnetic field, and the magnetic mover assembly is accelerated, uniformly moved, and decelerated along the ejection track under the action of the non-uniform magnetic field;

[0022] The real-time position x of the magnetic mover assembly is obtained through the position detection module;

[0023] The control module obtains the magnetic field distribution B(x) corresponding to the real-time position based on the real-time position x and the position-magnetic field lookup table, and calculates the real-time required current;

[0024] The control module updates the current instructions to the three-phase power supply in real time according to the calculated required current, ensuring that the current adjustment is synchronized with the change of the magnetic field distribution.

[0025] In the technical solution of the present invention, self-regulation of thrust is achieved through the non-uniform magnetic field generated by the non-uniform stator assembly, causing the magnetic mover assembly to accelerate and decelerate along the ejection track. When the magnetic mover assembly cuts through the non-uniform magnetic field, the thrust generated is proportional to the magnetic field gradient. The frequency of the induced electromotive force automatically changes with speed and magnetic field gradient, eliminating the need for an external inverter to match the thrust requirements of different speed ranges, reducing system complexity. Furthermore, magnetic field switching occurs without electronic delay, resulting in faster thrust response. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0029] 1 non-uniform stator assembly, 1.1 acceleration stator coil, 1.2 uniform speed stator coil, 1.3 deceleration stator coil, 2 ejection track, 3 magnetic mover assembly, 4 three-phase power supply structure, 5 mounting base, 6 position detection module.

[0030] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0033] In addition, the terms "first," "second," and so on, used in this disclosure are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referenced. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of this disclosure, "plurality" means at least two, such as two or three, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0034] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0035] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in this field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0036] The present invention proposes a dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device, which aims to solve the problems of high system complexity and low energy utilization rate of existing dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult devices.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, a dynamic magnetic electromagnetic ejection device includes a non-uniform stator assembly 1, an ejection track 2, a magnetic mover assembly 3, and a power drive assembly. The non-uniform stator assembly 1 is arranged on the ejection track 2 along a first direction; the magnetic mover assembly 3 is slidably arranged on the ejection track 2 along the first direction; the power drive assembly can supply power to the non-uniform stator assembly 1 to generate a non-uniform magnetic field, and the magnetic mover assembly 3 can accelerate and decelerate under the action of the non-uniform magnetic field. In this embodiment, the non-uniform magnetic field generated by the non-uniform stator assembly 1 is used to achieve thrust self-regulation, so that the magnetic mover assembly 3 can accelerate, maintain a constant speed, and decelerate along the ejection track 2. When the magnetic mover assembly 3 cuts through the non-uniform magnetic field, the thrust generated is proportional to the magnetic field gradient. The frequency of the induced electromotive force can automatically change with the speed and magnetic field gradient, and can match the thrust requirements of different speed segments without the need for an external frequency converter, reducing system complexity. In addition, there is no electronic delay in magnetic field switching, and the thrust response is faster.

[0038] The non-uniform stator assembly 1 includes an acceleration section, a uniform speed section, and a deceleration section. The acceleration section includes a plurality of acceleration stator coils 1.1 sequentially arranged along a first direction, and the spacing between two adjacent acceleration stator coils 1.1 increases linearly with a slope k; the uniform speed section includes a plurality of uniform speed stator coils 1.2 sequentially arranged along a first direction, and the spacing between two adjacent uniform speed stator coils 1.2 is the same; the deceleration section includes a plurality of deceleration stator coils 1.3 sequentially arranged along a first direction, and the spacing between two adjacent deceleration stator coils 1.3 decreases linearly with a slope k′. In this embodiment, the acceleration stator coils 1.1 of the acceleration section are densely arranged, and the spacing increases linearly, the number of coil turns N(x) per unit length increases, the magnetic flux change rate dB / dt increases, the induced current I increases, and a strong Lorentz force is generated. Similar to the "low gear" position in a car, it provides maximum starting thrust. The uniform stator coils 1.2 in the uniform speed section are sparsely and consistently arranged, reducing the magnetic field frequency and maintaining the minimum thrust required for uniform speed. This reduces induced current and eddy current losses, maintaining only the minimum thrust required for uniform speed and avoiding overdrive. The deceleration stator coils 1.3 in the deceleration section are re-densified to enhance reverse induced current and can also be combined with short-circuit braking to increase braking force. Furthermore, the non-uniform stator assembly 1 breaks the periodicity of the magnetic field, avoiding the thrust pulsation caused by traditional uniform stators.

[0039] In this embodiment, the acceleration section, uniform speed section and deceleration section account for 50%, 30% and 20% respectively. It should be noted that the acceleration section, uniform speed section and deceleration section can be flexibly adjusted according to actual operation requirements. In other special cases, only the acceleration section and deceleration section need to be set.

[0040] Specifically, the ejection track 2 is provided with a groove arranged along a first direction, and the non-uniform stator assembly 1 is disposed within the groove; the magnetic mover assembly 3 is slidably disposed opposite the groove. In this embodiment, the bottom of the magnetic mover assembly 3 forms a slide groove that matches the contour of the ejection track 2. The inner wall of the slide groove slides in contact with the outer walls of the ejection track 2 on both sides, and the slide groove and the groove are arranged correspondingly to facilitate the sliding of the magnetic mover assembly 3 along the ejection track 2 under the influence of the non-uniform magnetic field generated by the non-uniform stator assembly 1. In other embodiments, the magnetic mover assembly 3 can also be slidably connected to the ejection track 2 in other ways.

[0041] The magnetic mover assembly 3 is a permanent magnet mover. The use of a permanent magnet mover can effectively ensure the stability of the magnetic field, thereby ensuring the smooth operation of the magnetic mover assembly 3.

[0042] The power supply drive component includes multiple three-phase power supply structures 4. Each acceleration stator coil 1.1, each uniform speed stator coil 1.2 and each deceleration stator coil 1.3 is respectively provided with a corresponding three-phase power supply structure 4. The three-phase power supply structure 4 includes a three-phase power supply and a three-phase power cable. The three-phase power supply is electrically connected to the corresponding acceleration stator coil 1.1, uniform speed stator coil 1.2 or deceleration stator coil 1.3 through the three-phase power cable.

[0043] The acceleration stator coil 1.1, the constant speed stator coil 1.2, and the deceleration stator coil 1.3 are all air-core or non-air-core coils. In actual operation, the coil type can be selected based on project requirements. The lightweight mover design using air-core coils reduces mover mass by 30% to 50%, lowering inertia, enabling faster acceleration response, and eliminating iron losses.

[0044] The dynamic magnetic electromagnetic ejection device also includes a mounting base 5, a position detection module 6 and a control module. The position detection module 6 and the ejection track 2 are both arranged on the mounting base 5. The position detection module 6 can detect the position of the magnetic mover assembly 3 in real time; the control module is electrically connected to the position detection module 6 and the three-phase power supply respectively. The control module 7 can calculate the required current according to the real-time position measured by the position detection module 6, and control the high-frequency update of the current instruction of the three-phase power supply to ensure that the current adjustment is synchronized with the magnetic field change to avoid thrust fluctuations. Under the premise of meeting the thrust requirements, low current amplitude is preferably used. The position detection module 6 includes a plurality of position detection sensors evenly arranged along the first direction to facilitate the detection of the real-time position of the magnetic mover assembly 3.

[0045] The specific calculation formula of the spacing λ1(x) between the accelerating stator coils 1.1 is as follows:

[0046] λ1(x)=λ min +kx;

[0047] Where: minis the minimum allowable spacing, which is determined by the physical size of the winding, heat dissipation and magnetic field coupling strength, and x is the current position of the magnetic mover assembly (3);

[0048] The specific calculation formula of the spacing λ2(x) between the uniform speed stator coils (1.2) is as follows:

[0049] λ2(x)=λ mid ;

[0050] Where: mid is the fixed spacing of the uniform speed segment, that is, the spacing of the end points of the acceleration segment, λ mid >λ min ; No frequency conversion is required in the uniform speed section, the magnetic field switching frequency is constant, and the mover moves at the maximum speed Vmax.

[0051] The specific calculation formula of the spacing λ3(x) between the deceleration stator coils (1.3) is as follows:

[0052] λ3(x)=λ mid -k′(x-x2);

[0053] Among them: x2 is the starting point of the deceleration section.

[0054] This embodiment further provides a control method for a dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device, which controls the dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device to perform an electromagnetic catapult operation, including:

[0055] A dynamic equation is established according to the ejection mission. The lengths of the acceleration and deceleration segments and the thrust required for each stage are calculated based on the dynamic equation. The arrangement spacing of the non-uniform stator components is designed based on the calculation results. Among them, the ejection mission includes the ejection height, the terminal velocity of the ejection, the mass of the ejection object + the rotor, and the acceleration. In actual operations, the length of the deceleration segment can be 0 under certain circumstances.

[0056] The kinetic equations include but are not limited to:

[0057] t(x)=(V(x)-V0) / a(x);

[0058]

[0059] F(x)=m·a(x)+F 阻力 ;

[0060] Where: F(x) is the thrust required at each stage, m is the mass of the projectile + mover, a(x) is the acceleration, V(x) is the real-time velocity of the mover, V0 is the initial velocity of the mover, t(x) is the time, S(x) is the length of the ejection track, F 阻力 Including friction resistance, eddy current loss, etc.

[0061] The magnetic field distribution B(x) of the permanent magnet array is obtained by measuring or simulating the arrangement spacing of the designed non-uniform stator components and stored as a position-magnetic field lookup table;

[0062] The power supply drive assembly is turned on to supply power to the non-uniform stator assembly 1 to generate a non-uniform magnetic field. Under the action of the non-uniform magnetic field, the magnetic mover assembly 3 performs acceleration, uniform speed and deceleration along the ejection track 2.

[0063] The real-time position x of the magnetic mover assembly 3 is obtained through the position detection module 6;

[0064] The control module obtains the magnetic field distribution corresponding to the real-time position based on the real-time position x and the position-magnetic field lookup table, and calculates the real-time required current. The specific calculation formula for the real-time required current is as follows:

[0065] I(x)=F(x) / α·B(x);

[0066] Where: I(x) is the real-time required current at the real-time position x; α is the motor force constant; F(x) is the required thrust. The calculation formula for the required thrust includes but is not limited to:

[0067] F(x)=m·a(x)+F 阻力 ;

[0068] F(x)=P(x) / V(x);

[0069] F(x)=B*I*L;

[0070] Where: P(x) is the real-time power; B is the magnetic field strength at the real-time position x; L is the length of the conductor that effectively cuts the magnetic flux lines in the magnetic field.

[0071] The control module updates the current instructions to the three-phase power supply in real time according to the calculated required current, ensuring that the current adjustment is synchronized with the change of the magnetic field distribution.

[0072] Since the control method of the dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device includes the dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device as described above, the control method of the dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device has all the beneficial effects of the dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device described above, which will not be described in detail here.

[0073] Matters not covered in this embodiment are all prior art.

[0074] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the contents of the present description and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a non-uniform stator assembly (1), a catapult track (2), a magnetic mover assembly (3) and a power supply drive assembly, wherein the non-uniform stator assembly (1) is arranged on the catapult track (2) along a first direction; the magnetic mover assembly (3) is slidably arranged on the catapult track (2) along the first direction; the power supply drive assembly can supply power to the non-uniform stator assembly (1) to generate a non-uniform magnetic field, and the magnetic mover assembly (3) can perform accelerated motion and decelerated motion under the action of the non-uniform magnetic field.

2. The dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-uniform stator assembly (1) comprises an acceleration section and a deceleration section, wherein the acceleration section comprises a plurality of acceleration stator coils (1.1) arranged in sequence along the first direction, and the spacing between two adjacent acceleration stator coils (1.1) increases linearly with a slope k; and the deceleration section comprises a plurality of deceleration stator coils (1.3) arranged in sequence along the first direction, and the spacing between two adjacent deceleration stator coils (1.3) decreases linearly with a slope k′.

3. The dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The non-uniform stator assembly (1) further comprises a uniform speed section arranged between the acceleration section and the deceleration section, the uniform speed section comprising a plurality of uniform speed stator coils (1.2) arranged in sequence along the first direction, and the magnetic mover assembly (3) is capable of performing uniform speed motion under the action of the uniform speed stator coils (1.2).

4. The dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent uniform-speed stator coils (1.2) is a fixed value.

5. The dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The magnetic mover assembly (3) is a permanent magnet mover.

6. The dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The power supply drive component includes a plurality of three-phase power supply structures (4), each of the accelerating stator coils (1.1), each of the uniform speed stator coils (1.2), and each of the decelerating stator coils (1.3) is respectively provided with a corresponding three-phase power supply structure (4), and the three-phase power supply structure (4) includes a three-phase power supply and a three-phase power cable, and the three-phase power supply is electrically connected to the corresponding accelerating stator coil (1.1), the uniform speed stator coil (1.2), or the decelerating stator coil (1.3) via the three-phase power cable.

7. The dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The accelerating stator coil (1.1), the uniform speed stator coil (1.2) and the decelerating stator coil (1.3) are air-core coils or non-air-core coils.

8. The dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dynamic magnetic electromagnetic ejection device further comprises a mounting seat (5), a position detection module (6) and a control module. The position detection module (6) and the ejection track (2) are both arranged on the mounting seat (5). The position detection module (6) can detect the position of the magnetic mover assembly (3) in real time. The control module is electrically connected to the position detection module (6) and the three-phase power supply, respectively. The control module can adjust the compensation current of the three-phase power supply according to the position of the magnetic mover assembly (3) fed back by the position detection module (6).

9. A method for controlling a dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device, for controlling the dynamic magnetic electromagnetic catapult device according to claim 8 to perform electromagnetic catapult operations, characterized in that: include: A dynamic equation is established according to the ejection task, and the length of the acceleration section and the deceleration section and the thrust required in each stage are calculated based on the dynamic equation, and the arrangement spacing of the non-uniform stator assembly (1) is designed according to the calculation results, wherein: the ejection task includes the ejection height, the ejection terminal velocity, the ejection object + the mover mass, and the acceleration; The magnetic field distribution of the permanent magnet array is obtained by measuring or simulating the arrangement spacing of the designed non-uniform stator component (1) and stored as a position-magnetic field lookup table; Turning on the power drive assembly to supply power to the non-uniform stator assembly (1) to generate a non-uniform magnetic field, and the magnetic mover assembly (3) performs acceleration, uniform speed, and deceleration along the ejection track (2) under the action of the non-uniform magnetic field; Obtaining the real-time position x of the magnetic mover assembly (3) through a position detection module (6); The control module obtains the magnetic field distribution B(x) corresponding to the real-time position based on the real-time position x and the position-magnetic field lookup table, and calculates the real-time required current; The control module updates the current instructions to the three-phase power supply in real time according to the calculated required current, ensuring that the current adjustment is synchronized with the change of the magnetic field distribution.

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