Novel efficient biological cultivation equipment for black land based on earthworm-driven inoculation

Abstract

The invention discloses novel efficient biological cultivation equipment for black land based on earthworm driven inoculation, and designs novel pure-electric-driven unmanned earthworm complex large-field throwing equipment in order to solve the problem that existing throwing machinery for earthworm complexes is lacked. According to the device, mixed liquid acts on materials at the bottom of the material box in a spraying mode, the overhead phenomenon formed in the material box due to adhesion of the materials is avoided, and it is guaranteed that the materials are continuously and fully filled into the discharging mechanism; according to the feeding device with the earthworm feeding hopper and the straw mixture feeding hopper as main components, accurate feeding is achieved under the condition that the reasonable sowing amount is controlled, and the feeding distance and the feeding amount can be controlled according to actual needs. According to the design, the requirement of intelligent agricultural machinery is met, quantitative and damage-free putting of the earthworm complex is met, and a feasible solution is provided for solving the problems of insufficient soil porosity and soil hardening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and more specifically, relates to a new black soil efficient biological farming equipment based on earthworm-driven inoculation. Background Art

[0002] Black soil is a precious and rare soil resource on the earth. Through research, it was found that earthworms can move in a directional manner under the drive of food and other factors to create a large pore structure in the soil. Therefore, earthworms were selected as the research object, and earthworms, straw and microorganisms were placed in the black soil at different distances and in different dosages, so that the earthworms can survive in the microenvironment and construct a large pore structure in the soil suitable for the growth of field crops, which has important strategic significance. However, there is currently no agricultural machinery and equipment that can deliver earthworms, straw and microorganisms into field soil, let alone special equipment that allows earthworms to be inoculated under driving conditions. The present invention starts from this problem, takes earthworm-driven inoculation and release as a breakthrough, improves the existing black soil environment, thereby exploring a large pore soil structure regulation mechanism, improving the survival rate of earthworms, and realizing the large pore structure of black soil soil, which has scientific significance and wide application value. Therefore, it is of great significance to invent a new black soil efficient biological farming equipment based on earthworm-driven inoculation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the problem faced by the existing technology of inorganic availability of earthworms and their complexes when applied in the field, and the problem of how to make earthworms drive inoculation. A new black soil efficient biological farming equipment based on earthworm-driven inoculation is provided.

[0004] A new black soil efficient biological tillage equipment based on earthworm-driven inoculation includes a traveling device, a vehicle body, a quantitative seeding control system for a mixture of earthworms and straw, and a soil covering system.

[0005] The traveling device is the main frame of the whole machine. The vehicle body is located on the upper part of the traveling device and is fixed to the chassis in the traveling device by welding. The quantitative sowing control system of the earthworm and straw mixture is located in the middle of the traveling device and is fixed to the chassis by welding the material box support bottom plate and the fixed block. The covering system is installed at the bottom of the vehicle body.

[0006] The traveling device provides mobility for the entire machine, and the main body is composed of four off-road engineering wheel systems and a chassis.

[0007] The off-road engineering wheel system provides power for the movement of the entire machine, including: off-road engineering tires, wheel hubs, direct drive motor connectors, fixing buckle bolts, wheel system fixing plates, fixing buckles, and direct drive motors; The off-road engineering tire has a wide and deep tread pattern, which is convenient for adapting to complex terrain and is made of rubber; The wheel hub is connected to the direct drive motor to support the tire and transmit power and torque; The direct drive motor connection port is used to connect the wheel hub to the direct drive motor; The fixing buckle bolt is used to lock the fixing buckle to ensure the fixation of the wheel train; The wheel train fixing plate is welded to the bottom of the chassis to provide space for the installation of the wheel train; The fixing buckle is used to fix the entire wheel train to the bottom of the chassis; The direct drive motor is bolted to the off-road engineering tire hub through the direct drive motor mounting support hole to provide power for the movement of the entire machine; The chassis includes a chassis fixing plate, a chassis connecting beam, beam fixings, and reinforcement ribs to provide installation locations for related components; The chassis fixing plate is divided into two parts, the left and right parts, and the bottom is connected to the wheel system by welding, which expands the chassis space and provides installation locations for related components; The chassis connecting beam is used to securely connect the two chassis fixing plates; The beam fixing member is used to connect the chassis connecting beam to the chassis fixing plate; The reinforcement ribs are used to reinforce the connection between the two chassis fixing plates, expand the chassis space, and provide installation locations for related components; The vehicle body includes a vehicle body shell, an electronic control device, and a furrow opener; The vehicle body shell includes a vehicle body, an earthworm hopper upper cover, a straw mixture material hopper upper cover, an earthworm hopper mounting port, a straw mixture material hopper mounting port, an electric control box, an antenna mounting hole, a camera support plate, a front chassis extension plate, a rear chassis extension plate, a furrow opener mounting hole, and a covering system mounting hole; The vehicle box is the main frame of the vehicle shell and is composed of steel beams and iron sheets; The earthworm lower hopper upper cover is located at the upper front end of the vehicle body and is connected to the vehicle body box by welding; The upper cover plate of the straw mixture material lower hopper is located at the upper rear end of the vehicle body and is connected to the vehicle body box by welding; The earthworm feeding hopper installation opening provides a space for installing the earthworm feeding hopper; The installation opening of the straw mixture material discharge hopper provides a space for the installation of the straw mixture material discharge; The electric control box is located inside the front end of the vehicle body and is connected to the vehicle body by welding; The antenna mounting hole is located at the left end of the vehicle body and is used to connect the vehicle body and the signal receiver. The vehicle body and the signal receiver are connected by threads; The camera support plate is located at the front end of the vehicle body and is connected to the vehicle body by welding to support the camera; The front chassis extension plate is connected to the vehicle body and chassis by welding, providing space for the installation of the trench opener; The rear chassis extension plate is connected to the vehicle body and chassis by welding, providing space for the installation of the covering system; The trench opener mounting hole is used to connect the trench opener to the front chassis extension plate, and the trench opener connection hole and the front chassis extension plate are connected together by high-strength bolts; The mounting holes of the covering system are used to connect the covering system to the rear chassis extension plate, and the covering system and the rear chassis extension plate are connected together by high-strength bolts; The electronic control device includes a depth camera, a signal board, an antenna, and a battery; The depth camera is a binocular recognition system, which is connected to the signal board for path recognition. The signal board is located inside the electric control box and is connected to the depth camera and each motor through a circuit; The antenna is a component that transmits or receives signals from the signal board inside the electric control box; The battery is used to power the power system, electronic control device, and actuators and to drive the motor; The trencher is composed of a trencher fixing hole and a hoe-type trenching component, which is used for trenching operations of the entire machine; The furrow opener fixing hole on the furrow opener and the furrow opener mounting hole on the front chassis extension plate are connected together by bolts; The earthworm and straw mixture quantitative sowing control system consists of an earthworm quantitative sowing control system and a straw mixture quantitative sowing control system; The earthworm quantitative seeding control system includes an earthworm lower hopper motor, an earthworm quantitative seeding control system support base plate, an earthworm quantitative seeding control system fixing block, and an earthworm lower hopper; The earthworm feeding hopper motor provides power for the operation of the earthworm feeding hopper; The earthworm quantitative seeding control system support base plate is used to support the earthworm quantitative seeding control system, is located on the front chassis, and is connected to the front end of the reinforcement rib plate and the inner end of the chassis fixed plate by welding; The earthworm quantitative seeding control system fixing block is used to fix the earthworm lower hopper and assist in supporting the earthworm lower hopper. It is bolted to both sides of the earthworm lower hopper and is connected to the inner end of the chassis fixing plate and the bottom plate of the earthworm lower hopper by welding. The earthworm feeding hopper is used for quantitative sowing of earthworms, and comprises an earthworm feeding hopper reducer, an earthworm feeding hopper pulley, an earthworm feeding hopper material conveying device, and an earthworm feeding hopper material box; The earthworm hopper reducer is used to reduce the rotation speed of the power source and increase the output torque, thereby matching the working requirements of the equipment.

[0008] The earthworm lower hopper pulley is connected to the earthworm lower hopper reducer for transmitting power; The earthworm lower hopper material conveying device is fixed to the bottom of the earthworm lower hopper by bolts and is used to convey materials; The earthworm lower hopper box is used to store sowing materials, including an earthworm material box, an earthworm material box connecting side plate, an earthworm material box baffle, and an earthworm material box discharge port; The earthworm material box is the earthworm lower hopper box body, which is used to load and store earthworm materials. The earthworm material box is connected to the earthworm lower hopper fixing block by bolts; The earthworm material box connecting side plate is used to connect the earthworm material box, the earthworm lower hopper material conveying device and the earthworm material box discharge port, and is connected to the earthworm material box and the earthworm material box discharge port with bolts, and the earthworm lower hopper material conveying device is welded; The earthworm material box baffle is used to fix the material and form a closed structure with the earthworm material box to prevent the material from overflowing. It is located at the front end of the earthworm material box and is bolted to the earthworm material box; The earthworm material box discharge port is located at the lower part of the earthworm material box baffle, is connected to the earthworm material box and the earthworm material box connecting side plate with bolts, and is welded to the earthworm lower hopper material conveying device for releasing materials; The straw mixture material quantitative sowing control system includes a spraying device, a straw mixture material lower hopper, a straw mixture material output guide plate, a straw mixture material quantitative sowing control system fixing block, and a straw mixture material quantitative sowing control system supporting base plate; The spray device includes a retractable bracket connecting hole, a spray device fixing plate, a retractable bracket, and a spray element; The retractable bracket connection hole is used to fix the retractable bracket to the inner side of the straw mixture material box baffle and to connect the retractable bracket with bolts; The spray device fixing plate is used to connect the straw mixture material box baffle and the retractable bracket, one end of which is connected to the retractable bracket by a bolt, and the other end is welded and fixed to the inner side of the straw mixture material box baffle; The retractable bracket is used to connect the fixing plate of the spray device and the spray element, and to control the spray position of the spray element. Both ends are connected by bolts. The spray element includes a water tank, a water tank cover, a water outlet pipe, a water tank switch, and a spray pipe; The water tank is the main body of the spray element and is bolted to the retractable bracket; The water tank cover is installed on the water inlet of the water tank through threads; The water outlet pipe is used to connect the water outlet of the water tank and the water tank switch, and both ends are connected by welding; The water tank switch is used to connect the water outlet pipe and the spray pipe to control the water output. One end is connected to the water outlet pipe by welding, and the other end is connected to the spray pipe by a clamp. The spray pipe is located at the bottom of the water tank, is used for spraying, and is connected to the water tank switch via a clamp connection; The straw mixture material hopper includes a straw mixture material hopper box, a straw mixture material hopper material conveying device, a straw mixture material hopper motor, and a straw mixture material hopper reducer; The straw mixture material hopper box is used to store the sowing straw mixture material, and its structure is the same as that of the earthworm hopper box; The straw mixture material lower hopper material conveying device is used to convey the straw mixture material, and its structure and working mode are the same as those of the earthworm lower hopper material conveying device; The straw mixture material discharge hopper motor provides power for the straw mixture material discharge hopper; The straw mixture material hopper reducer is used to reduce the rotation speed of the power source and increase the output torque, thereby matching the working requirements of the equipment; The support base plate of the straw mixture material quantitative seeding control system is used to support the straw mixture material hopper, which is located at the rear chassis. The straw mixture material hopper base plate is connected to the rear end of the reinforcement rib plate and the inner end of the chassis fixed plate by welding; The straw mixture material quantitative seeding control system fixing block is used to fix the straw mixture material hopper and assist in supporting the straw mixture material hopper, and is bolted to both sides of the straw mixture material hopper. The straw mixture material hopper fixing block is connected to the inner end of the chassis fixing plate and the bottom plate of the straw mixture material hopper by welding; The soil covering system is connected to the soil covering system mounting holes on the rear chassis extension plate on the vehicle body shell by bolts. The soil covering system includes a soil covering device bracket and a soil covering device; The soil covering device bracket is a double-disc soil covering device bracket fixed in the soil covering system installation hole by means of bolt connection; The soil cover is a double-disc soil cover, which is composed of two discs that are opposite to each other at a certain angle and are fixed in the soil cover mounting hole on the soil cover bracket by means of bolt connection.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. A new type suitable for black soil protection, increasing the survival rate of earthworms in the field.

[0010] 2. The present invention has automatic driving technology with intelligent driving and path planning.

[0011] 3. The feeding mechanism can change the feeding amount according to the pore size of the soil to meet the requirements of precision sowing.

[0012] 4. A liquid spraying device is installed in the material box to avoid the phenomenon of material being left empty in the seed box during the unloading process, ensuring the continuous delivery of materials.

[0013] 5. The feeding system uses a belt drive to deliver materials, achieving the effect of controlling the sowing distance and sowing amount.

[0014] 6. The feeding systems of this machine are independent and can change the material feeding composition according to demand. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is an axonometric drawing of the final assembly of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a bottom axonometric view of the general assembly drawing of the present invention; Figure 3 This is an axonometric view of the running device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is an axonometric view of the off-road engineering wheel train of the present invention; Figure 5 is an axonometric view of the chassis of the present invention; Figure 6 is an axonometric view of the vehicle body of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an axonometric view of the vehicle body shell of the present invention; Figure 8 A top axonometric view of the vehicle body shell of the present invention; Figure 9 is an axonometric view of the electronic control device of the present invention; Figure 10 is an axonometric view of the trench opener of the present invention; Figure 11 This is an axonometric diagram of the quantitative seeding control system for earthworm and straw mixture materials of the present invention; Figure 12 This is an axonometric diagram of the earthworm quantitative seeding control system of the present invention; Figure 13 This is an axonometric view of the earthworm feeding hopper of the present invention; Figure 14 This is an axonometric view of the earthworm feeding box of the present invention; Figure 15 This is an axonometric diagram of the straw mixture quantitative seeding control system of the present invention; Figure 16 It is an axonometric view of the spray device of the present invention; Figure 17 It is an axonometric view of the spray element of the present invention; Figure 18 This is an axonometric view of the straw mixture material hopper of the present invention; Figure 19 It is an axonometric view of the soil covering system of the present invention; Figure: A. Travel system; B. Vehicle body; C. Quantitative seeding control system for earthworm and straw mixture; D. Soil covering system; 1. Off-road engineering wheel system; 2. Chassis; 3. Off-road engineering tire; 4. Wheel hub; 5. Direct drive motor connection port; 6. Fixing clip bolt; 7. Wheel system fixing plate; 8. Fixing clip; 9. Direct drive motor; 10. Chassis fixing plate; 11. Chassis connecting beam; 12. Beam fixing parts; 13. Reinforcement ribs; 14. Vehicle body shell; 15. Electronic control device; 16. Ditch opener; 17. Upper cover of earthworm hopper; 18. Camera support plate; 19. Ditch opener mounting hole ; 20. Antenna mounting hole; 21. Upper cover of straw mixture hopper; 22. Mounting port of straw mixture hopper; 23. Car body; 24. Mounting port of earthworm hopper; 25. Electric control box; 26. Mounting hole of covering system; 27. Rear chassis extension plate; 28. Front chassis extension plate; 29. ​​Depth camera; 30. Signal board; 31. Antenna; 32. Battery; 33. Furrow opener fixing hole; 34. Hoe-type furrowing component; 35. Earthworm quantitative seeding control system; 36. Straw mixture quantitative seeding control system; 37. Earthworm hopper motor; 38. Earthworm quantitative seeding Control system support base; 39, earthworm quantitative seeding control system fixing block; 40, earthworm lower hopper; 41, earthworm lower hopper reducer; 42, earthworm lower hopper pulley; 43, earthworm lower hopper material conveying device; 44, earthworm lower hopper material box; 45, earthworm material box; 46, earthworm material box connecting side plate; 47, earthworm material box baffle; 48, earthworm material box outlet; 49, spraying device; 50, straw mixture material lower hopper; 51, straw mixture material output guide plate; 52, straw mixture material quantitative seeding control system fixing block; 53, straw mixture material quantitative seeding A control system supporting base plate; 54, retractable bracket connecting hole; 55, spray device fixing plate; 56, retractable bracket; 57, spray element; 58, water tank cover; 59, water tank; 60, spray pipe; 61, water tank switch; 62, water outlet pipe; 63, straw mixture material hopper box; 64, straw mixture material hopper material conveying device; 65, straw mixture material hopper motor; 66, straw mixture material hopper reducer; 67, soil cover fixing hole; 68, double disc soil cover; 69, soil cover mounting hole; 70, soil cover system fixing hole; 71, soil cover bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] See Figures 1 to 2 , a new black soil efficient biological farming equipment based on earthworm-driven inoculation, including a walking system (A), a vehicle body (B), a quantitative sowing control system for earthworm and straw mixture (C), and a soil covering system (D).

[0017] The walking system (A) is a system based on an off-road engineering wheeled chassis. The vehicle body (B) is located on the upper part of the walking system (A) and is fixed to the chassis by welding. The quantitative seeding control system (C) for the earthworm and straw mixture is located in the middle of the walking system (A) and is connected by welding. The covering element (D) is connected to the rear of the vehicle body (B) by bolts.

[0018] See Figure 3 , is a running gear (A), comprising an off-road engineering wheel train (1) and a chassis (2); The off-road engineering wheel train (1) is used to provide power for the movement and steering of the entire machine; The chassis (2) is a steel plate, which provides installation sites and locations for the relevant components of the machine and provides the machine with the necessary rigidity; See Figure 4 , which is the off-road engineering wheel system (1) of this machine, is located at the bottom of the chassis (2), and includes an off-road engineering tire (3), a wheel hub (4), a direct drive motor connection port (5), a fixing buckle bolt (6), a wheel system fixing plate (7), a fixing buckle (8), and a direct drive motor (9); The off-road engineering tire (3) is made of rubber material, and its deep pattern and large tread design can effectively embed into soft ground and provide strong driving force.

[0019] The wheel hub (4) supports the off-road engineering tire (3) and transmits power and torque to the entire machine; The direct drive motor connection port (5) is used to connect the wheel hub (4) and the direct drive motor (9), and is easy to maintain; The fixing buckle bolt (6) is used to lock the fixing buckle to ensure the fixation of the off-road engineering wheel train (1); The wheel train fixing plate (7) is welded to the lower part of the chassis (2) to provide space for the installation of the off-road engineering wheel train (1); The fixing buckle (8) is used to fix the entire off-road engineering wheel system (1) to the bottom of the chassis (2); The direct drive motor (9) is the power output source for the machine to move and provide power for the machine to move and move.

[0020] See Figure 5 , is a schematic diagram of the chassis (2) of the machine, including a chassis fixing plate (10), a chassis connecting beam (11), a beam fixing member (12), and a reinforcing rib (13); The chassis fixing plate (10) is divided into two parts, the left and right parts, and the bottom part is connected to the off-road engineering wheel system (1) by welding, thereby expanding the chassis (2) space and providing installation locations for related components; The chassis connecting beam (11) is used to connect the two chassis fixing plates (10); The beam fixing member (12) is used to fix the chassis connecting beam (11) to the chassis fixing plate (10), is connected to the chassis connecting beam (11) by bolts, and is welded and fixed inside the chassis fixing plate (10); The reinforcing ribs (13) are used to reinforce the connection of the chassis fixing plate (10), expand the space of the chassis (2), and provide installation locations for related components.

[0021] See Figure 6 , is a schematic diagram of the vehicle body (B) of the machine, including a vehicle body shell (14), an electronic control device (15), and a furrow opener (16); See Figures 7 and 8 The vehicle body shell (14) includes an earthworm hopper upper cover plate (17), a camera support plate (18), a furrow opener mounting hole (19), an antenna mounting hole (20), a straw mixture material hopper upper cover plate (21), a straw mixture material hopper mounting port (22), a vehicle body (23), an earthworm hopper mounting port (24), an electric control box (25), a soil covering system mounting hole (26), a rear chassis extension plate (27), and a front chassis extension plate (28); The earthworm lower hopper upper cover plate (17) is used to protect relevant components and keep the interior of the device clean; The camera support plate (18) is located on the front side of the vehicle body (23), and the camera support plate (18) is fixed to the vehicle body (B) by welding; The furrow opener mounting hole (19) is located on the front chassis extension plate (28) and is used for mounting the furrow opener (16); The antenna mounting hole (20) is located at the left end of the vehicle box (23) and is used to connect the vehicle box (23) and the antenna (31). The vehicle box (23) and the antenna (31) are connected by screw threads. The straw mixture material lower hopper upper cover plate (21) is used to protect relevant components and keep the interior of the device clean; The straw mixture material hopper installation port (22) is used for positioning and installing related parts; The vehicle box (23) is the main frame of the vehicle shell (14), which is used for structural support and safety protection and is composed of steel beams and iron sheets; The earthworm lower hopper installation opening (24) is used for positioning and installing related components; The electric control box (25) is welded to the inner side of the front end of the vehicle body (23) and is used to carry the internal signal board (30); The soil covering system mounting hole (26) is located on the rear chassis extension plate (27) and is used to install the soil covering system (D); The rear chassis extension plate (27) provides a space for the installation of the covering system (B) and is connected to the vehicle box (23) and the chassis fixing plate (10) respectively by welding; The front chassis extension plate (28) provides a space for the installation of the trench opener (16) and is connected to the vehicle box (23) and the chassis fixing plate (10) respectively by welding; See Figure 9 , the electronic control device (15) includes a depth camera (29), a signal board (30), an antenna (31), and a battery (32); The depth camera (29) is a binocular recognition system, which is connected to the signal board (30) in a circuit to identify the path; The signal board (30) is located inside the electric control box (25) and is connected to the depth camera (29) and each motor through a circuit; The antenna (31) is a component for transmitting or receiving signals from the signal board (30) inside the electric control box (25); The battery (32) is used to supply power to the power system, the electronic control device, and the actuator and to drive the motor; See Figure 10 , the furrow opener (16), comprising a furrow opener fixing hole (33) and a hoe-type furrowing component (34); The furrow opener fixing hole (33) and the furrow opener mounting hole (19) are matched with each other through high-strength bolts to fix the furrow opener to the lower end of the front chassis extension plate (28); The hoe-type trenching component (34) is used for trenching and feeding of the device; See Figure 11 , which is an axonometric diagram of the earthworm and straw mixture quantitative seeding control system (C) of the present device, including the earthworm quantitative seeding control system (35) and the straw mixture quantitative seeding control system (36); See Figure 12 , is the earthworm quantitative seeding control system (35), comprising an earthworm lower hopper motor (37), an earthworm quantitative seeding control system support base (38), an earthworm quantitative seeding control system fixing block (39), and an earthworm lower hopper (40); The earthworm lower hopper motor (37) is a speed-regulated DC motor that provides power for the earthworm lower hopper material conveying device (43); The earthworm quantitative seeding control system support base plate (38) is used to support the earthworm quantitative seeding control system (35), and is connected to the front end of the reinforcing rib plate (13) and the inner end of the chassis fixing plate (10) by welding; The earthworm quantitative seeding control system fixing block (39) is used to fix the earthworm quantitative seeding control system (35), and is connected to the chassis fixing plate (10) and the earthworm quantitative seeding control system supporting bottom plate (38) by welding; Refer to Figure (13), which is an axonometric view of the earthworm lower hopper (40), including an earthworm lower hopper reducer (41), an earthworm lower hopper pulley (42), an earthworm lower hopper material conveying device (43), and an earthworm lower hopper material box (44); The earthworm lower hopper reducer (41) is used to reduce the rotation speed of the power source and increase the output torque, thereby matching the working requirements of the equipment.

[0022] The earthworm lower hopper pulley (42) is used to transmit power; The earthworm lower hopper material conveying device (43) is used to convey materials; See Figure 14 , is the earthworm lower hopper material box (44), including an earthworm material box (45), an earthworm material box connecting side plate (46), an earthworm material box baffle (47), and an earthworm material box discharge port (48); The earthworm material box (45) is composed of two symmetrical parts, with an overall shape that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. It is made of anti-adhesion material to prevent the material from clogging the equipment; The earthworm material box connecting side plate (46) is used to tightly connect the earthworm material box (45) and the earthworm discharge hopper material conveying device (43) to ensure that the material does not leak out of the discharge mechanism; The earthworm material box baffle (47) is used to control the output of the material, and is connected to the front end of the earthworm material box (45) by bolts to form a closed space with the earthworm material box (45); The earthworm material box discharge port (48) is used to guide the release of the material; See Figure 15 , which is an axonometric diagram of the straw mixture material quantitative sowing control system (36), including a spraying device (49), a straw mixture material lower hopper (50), a straw mixture material output guide plate (51), a straw mixture material quantitative sowing control system fixing block (52), and a straw mixture material quantitative sowing control system supporting base plate (53); The straw mixture material output guide plate (51) is welded to the discharge port of the straw mixture material lower hopper box (63) and is used to guide the flexible release of the material to a designated position; The straw mixture material quantitative sowing control system fixing block (52) is used to fix the straw mixture material quantitative sowing control system (36), and is connected to the chassis fixing plate (10) and the straw mixture material quantitative sowing control system supporting bottom plate (53) by welding; The straw mixture material quantitative seeding control system support base plate (53) is used to support the straw mixture material quantitative seeding control system (36), and is connected to the rear end of the reinforcement rib plate (13) and the inner end of the chassis fixing plate (10) by welding; See Figure 16 , is the spray device (49), comprising a spray device fixing plate (55), a retractable bracket (56), and a spray element (57); The spray device fixing plate (55) is used to connect the straw mixture material hopper box (63) and the retractable bracket (56); The retractable bracket (56) is used to support the spray element (57) and control the spray position of the spray element (57); See Figure 17 , is the spray element (57), comprising a water tank cover (58), a water tank (59), a spray pipe (60), a water tank switch (61), and a water outlet pipe (62); The water tank cover (58) is used for loading liquid; The water tank (59) is used to store liquid; The spray pipe (60) is used for spraying liquid; The water tank switch (61) is used to control the speed of liquid spraying; The water outlet pipe (62) is used to output liquid; See Figure 18 , which is the straw mixture material hopper (50), comprising a straw mixture material hopper box (63), a straw mixture material hopper material conveying device (64), a straw mixture material hopper motor (65), and a straw mixture material hopper reducer (66); The straw mixture material hopper box (63) is used to store the straw mixture material, and its implementation method is the same as that of the earthworm hopper box (44); The straw mixture material lower hopper material conveying device (64) is used to convey the straw mixture material, and its implementation method is the same as that of the earthworm lower hopper material conveying device (43); The straw mixture material hopper motor (65) is a speed-regulated DC motor, which provides power for the straw mixture material hopper material conveying device (64); The straw mixture material hopper reducer (66) is used to reduce the rotation speed of the power source and increase the output torque, thereby matching the working requirements of the equipment.

[0023] See Figure 19, which is an axonometric view of the soil covering system (D) of the present invention, including a soil covering device fixing hole (67), a double-disc soil covering device (68), a soil covering device mounting hole (69), a soil covering device bracket fixing hole (70), and a soil covering device bracket (71); The cover fixing hole (67) and the cover mounting hole (69) are matched with high-strength bolts to fix the double-disc cover (68) to the rear end of the cover bracket (71); The double-disc cover (68) is composed of two discs that are arranged at a certain angle and are fixed in the cover mounting hole (69) on the cover bracket (71) by means of bolt connection; The cover mounting hole (69) and the cover fixing hole (67) are matched with high-strength bolts to fix the double-disc cover (68) to the end of the cover bracket (71).

[0024] The soil cover bracket fixing hole (70) and the soil cover system mounting hole (26) on the rear chassis extension plate (27) are matched with high-strength bolts to fix the soil cover bracket (71) to the rear chassis extension plate (27) at the rear end; The soil cover bracket (71) is a double-disc soil cover bracket, and is located at the rear end of the rear chassis extension plate (27).

[0025] Working principle of the present invention: See Figures 1 to 2 The working principle of a new black soil efficient biological farming equipment based on earthworm-driven inoculation is as follows. The electronic control device (15) in the vehicle body (B) sends a signal, and the direct drive motor (9) on the chassis starts working through the power supply of the battery (32). The wheel hub (4) is driven by the direct drive motor (9), driving the entire machine to start moving. The furrow opener (16) is inserted into the soil to start the furrowing operation. At the same time, the earthworm and straw mixture quantitative seeding control system (C) starts to work, and the earthworm-straw microorganism mixture is put into the opened material furrow. The soil covering system (D) restores the material furrow.

[0026] See Figures 3 to 18The disassembly and assembly principles of the machine's travel system (A), vehicle body (B), and earthworm and straw mixture quantitative seeding control system (C) are as follows. The travel system (A) consists of four off-road engineering wheel trains (1) and a chassis (2). The off-road engineering wheel train (1) and the chassis (2) are welded together by fixing clip bolts (6), fixing clips (8), a wheel train fixing plate (7), and a chassis fixing plate (10) on the chassis; the chassis (2) provides installation sites and support for related working parts. The vehicle body (B) consists of a vehicle body shell (14), an electronic control device (15), and a furrow opener (16). The vehicle body shell (14) is welded to the chassis fixing plate (10) on the chassis through the front chassis extension plate (28) and the rear chassis extension plate (27), providing installation sites and supports for related working parts and protecting the quantitative seeding control system (C) of the earthworm and straw mixture; the electronic control device (15) controls the signal input and output of the device; the furrow opener (16) adopts a hoe-type furrow opener, which opens the seed furrow as the machine moves. The earthworm and straw mixture quantitative seeding control system (C) is installed in the middle of the chassis and is welded to the chassis fixing plate (10) and the reinforcing rib plate (13) on the chassis through the earthworm quantitative seeding control system supporting base plate (38), the earthworm quantitative seeding control system fixing block (39), the straw mixture material quantitative seeding control system supporting base plate (53), and the straw mixture material quantitative seeding control system fixing block (52). It includes two independent parts of the earthworm quantitative seeding control system (35) and the straw mixture material quantitative seeding control system (36), and both have lower hopper motors (37) and (65), hopper reducers (41) and (66), lower hopper material conveying devices (43) and (64), and lower hopper material boxes (44) and (63). By adjusting the lower hopper motors (37) and (65), the hopper reducers (41) and (66), the conveying speed of the lower hopper material conveying devices (43) and (64) is controlled, thereby changing the discharging speed of the lower hopper boxes (44) and (63), so that the discharging amount can be adjusted according to the actual required sowing amount; the spraying device (49) is connected to the front inner side of the straw mixture material quantitative sowing control system (36) by welding, and is used to spray the material, lubricate the material, and prevent the material from clogging the device; the straw mixture material output guide plate (51) is welded to the discharge port of the straw mixture material lower hopper box (63), and is used to guide the flexible release of the material to the specified position.

[0027] See Figure 19 The disassembly and assembly principle of the soil covering system (D) of this machine is as follows. The soil covering system (D) is fixed to the rear of the vehicle body (B) by high-strength bolts through the soil covering system mounting hole (26) and the soil covering bracket fixing hole (70). It includes a soil covering bracket (71) and a double-disc soil covering device (68); the double-disc soil covering device (68) is bolted to the end of the soil covering device bracket (71) through the soil covering device mounting hole (69) and the soil covering device fixing hole (67), and the soil ridges are merged as the whole machine moves.

Claims

1. A new, efficient, bio-tillage system for black soil cultivation based on earthworm-driven inoculation, comprising a travel system (A), a vehicle body (B), a quantitative seeding control system for a mixture of earthworms and straw (C), and a soil covering system (D). The walking system (A) is a system with an off-road engineering wheeled chassis as its main body. The vehicle body (B) is located on the upper part of the walking system (A) and is welded to the chassis through a rear chassis extension plate (27) and a front chassis extension plate (28). The earthworm and straw mixture quantitative seeding control system (C) is located in the middle of the walking system (A) and is connected to the chassis connecting beam (11) and the reinforcement rib (13) of the chassis through the earthworm quantitative seeding control system support base plate (38) and the straw mixture quantitative seeding control system support base plate (53) by welding. The covering element (D) is fixedly connected by bolts through the reserved covering system mounting hole (26).

2. The new equipment for efficient black soil bio-farming based on earthworm-driven inoculation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The walking system (A) comprises an off-road engineering wheel train (1) and a chassis (2); The off-road engineering wheel train (1) comprises an off-road engineering tire (3), a wheel hub (4), a direct drive motor connection port (5), a fixing buckle bolt (6), a wheel train fixing plate (7), a fixing buckle (8), and a direct drive motor (9); The off-road engineering tire (3) is made of rubber; The wheel hub (4) supports the off-road engineering tire (3) and transmits power and torque to the entire machine; The direct drive motor connection port (5) is used to connect the wheel hub (4) and the direct drive motor (9); The fixing buckle bolt (6) is used to lock the fixing buckle to ensure the fixation of the off-road engineering wheel train (1); The wheel train fixing plate (7) is welded to the lower part of the chassis (2) to provide space for the installation of the off-road engineering wheel train (1); The fixing buckle (8) is used to fix the entire off-road engineering wheel system (1) to the bottom of the chassis (2); The direct drive motor (9) is the power output source for the machine to move and provide power for the machine to move and move; The chassis (2) comprises a chassis fixing plate (10), a chassis connecting beam (11), a beam fixing member (12) and a reinforcing rib (13); The chassis fixing plate (10) is used for welding and fixing the rear chassis extension plate (27), the front chassis extension plate (28), the earthworm quantitative seeding control system support base plate (38), the straw mixture material quantitative seeding control system support base plate (53), the earthworm quantitative seeding control system fixing block (39) and the straw mixture material quantitative seeding control system fixing block (52); The chassis connecting beam (11) is used to connect the chassis fixing plate (10) and fix the supporting reinforcement rib (13); The beam fixing member (12) is used to fix the chassis connecting beam (11) to the chassis fixing plate (10), is connected to the chassis connecting beam (11) by bolts, and is welded and fixed inside the chassis fixing plate (10); The reinforcing ribs (13) are used to reinforce the connection of the chassis fixing plate (10), and are positioned and welded to the chassis fixing plate (10) to fix the earthworm quantitative seeding control system supporting base plate (38), the straw mixture material quantitative seeding control system supporting base plate (53) and the vehicle body (23).

3. The new equipment for efficient black soil bio-farming based on earthworm-driven inoculation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The vehicle body (B) includes a vehicle body shell (14), an electronic control device (15), and a furrow opener (16); The vehicle body shell (14) includes an earthworm hopper upper cover plate (17), a camera support plate (18), a furrow opener mounting hole (19), an antenna mounting hole (20), a straw mixture material hopper upper cover plate (21), a straw mixture material hopper mounting port (22), a vehicle body (23), an earthworm hopper mounting port (24), an electric control box (25), a soil covering system mounting hole (26), a rear chassis extension plate (27), and a front chassis extension plate (28); The earthworm lower hopper upper cover plate (17) is used to protect relevant components and keep the interior of the device clean; The camera support plate (18) is located on the front side of the vehicle body (23), and the camera support plate (18) is fixed to the vehicle body (B) by welding; The furrow opener mounting hole (19) is located on the front chassis extension plate (28) and is used to mount the furrow opener (16); The antenna mounting hole (20) is located at the left end of the vehicle box (23), connecting the vehicle box (23) and the antenna (31), and the vehicle box (23) and the antenna (31) are connected by screw threads; The upper cover plate (21) of the straw mixture material lower hopper protects relevant components and keeps the interior of the device clean; The straw mixture material hopper installation port (22) is used for positioning and installing related parts; The vehicle box (23) is the main frame of the vehicle shell (14), which is used for structural support and safety protection and is composed of steel beams and iron sheets; The earthworm lower hopper installation opening (24) is used to position and install related components; The electric control box (25) is welded to the inner side of the front end of the vehicle body (23) and carries the internal signal board (30); The soil covering system mounting hole (26) is located on the rear chassis extension plate (27) for mounting the soil covering system (D); The rear chassis extension plate (27) provides a space for the installation of the covering system (B) and is connected to the vehicle box (23) and the chassis fixing plate (10) respectively by welding; The front chassis extension plate (28) provides a space for the installation of the trench opener (16) and is connected to the vehicle box (23) and the chassis fixing plate (10) respectively by welding; The electronic control device (15) includes a depth camera (29), a signal board (30), an antenna (31) and a battery (32); The depth camera (29) is a binocular recognition system, which is connected to the signal board (30) in a circuit to identify the path; The signal board (30) is located inside the electric control box (25) and is connected to the depth camera (29) and each motor through a circuit; The antenna (31) is a component for transmitting and receiving signals from the signal board (30) inside the electric control box (25); The battery (32) is used to supply power to the power system, the electronic control device, and the actuator and to drive the motor; The furrow opener (16) comprises a furrow opener fixing hole (33) and a hoe-type furrowing component (34); The furrow opener fixing hole (33) and the furrow opener mounting hole (19) are matched with each other through high-strength bolts to fix the furrow opener to the lower end of the front chassis extension plate (28); The hoe-type trenching component (34) is used for trenching and feeding of the device.

4. The new equipment for efficient black soil bio-farming based on earthworm-driven inoculation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The earthworm and straw mixture quantitative seeding control system (C) includes an earthworm quantitative seeding control system (35) and a straw mixture quantitative seeding control system (36); The earthworm quantitative seeding control system (35) comprises an earthworm lower hopper motor (37), an earthworm quantitative seeding control system support base plate (38), an earthworm quantitative seeding control system fixing block (39) and an earthworm lower hopper (40); The earthworm lower hopper motor (37) is a speed-regulated DC motor that provides power for the earthworm lower hopper material conveying device (43); The earthworm quantitative seeding control system support base plate (38) supports the earthworm quantitative seeding control system (35) and is connected to the front end of the reinforcing rib plate (13) and the inner end of the chassis fixing plate (10) by welding; The earthworm quantitative seeding control system fixing block (39) is used to fix the earthworm quantitative seeding control system (35), and is connected to the chassis fixing plate (10) and the earthworm quantitative seeding control system supporting bottom plate (38) by welding; The isometric view of the earthworm lower hopper (40) includes an earthworm lower hopper reducer (41), an earthworm lower hopper pulley (42), an earthworm lower hopper material conveying device (43) and an earthworm lower hopper material box (44); The earthworm lower hopper reducer (41) is used to reduce the rotation speed of the power source and increase the output torque to match the working requirements of the equipment; The earthworm lower hopper pulley (42) is used to transmit power; The earthworm lower hopper material conveying device (43) is used to convey materials; The earthworm lower hopper box (44) comprises an earthworm material box (45), an earthworm material box connecting side plate (46), an earthworm material box baffle (47) and an earthworm material box discharge port (48); The earthworm material box (45) is composed of two symmetrical parts, with an overall shape that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. It is made of anti-adhesion material to prevent the material from clogging the equipment; The earthworm material box connecting side plate (46) is used to tightly connect the earthworm material box (45) and the earthworm discharge hopper material conveying device (43) to ensure that the material does not leak out of the discharge mechanism; The earthworm material box baffle (47) is used to control the output of the material and is connected to the front end of the earthworm material box (45) by bolts to form a closed space with the earthworm material box (45); The earthworm material box discharge port (48) is used to guide the release of the material; An axonometric view of the straw mixture quantitative sowing control system (36), comprising a spraying device (49), a straw mixture material lower hopper (50), a straw mixture material output guide plate (51), a straw mixture material quantitative sowing control system fixing block (52), and a straw mixture material quantitative sowing control system support base plate (53); The straw mixture material output guide plate (51) is welded to the discharge port of the straw mixture material lower hopper box (63) and is used to guide the flexible release of the material to a designated position; The straw mixture material quantitative sowing control system fixing block (52) is used to fix the straw mixture material quantitative sowing control system (36), and is connected to the chassis fixing plate (10) and the straw mixture material quantitative sowing control system supporting bottom plate (53) by welding; The straw mixture material quantitative seeding control system support base plate (53) is used to support the straw mixture material quantitative seeding control system (36), and is connected to the rear end of the reinforcement rib plate (13) and the inner end of the chassis fixing plate (10) by welding; The spray device (49) comprises a spray device fixing plate (55), a retractable bracket (56), and a spray element (57); The spray device fixing plate (55) is used to connect the straw mixture material hopper box (63) and the retractable bracket (56); The retractable bracket (56) is used to support the spray element (57) and control the spray position of the spray element (57); The spray element (57) includes a water tank cover (58), a water tank (59), a spray pipe (60), a water tank switch (61) and a water outlet pipe (62); The water tank cover (58) is used for loading liquid; The water tank (59) is used to store liquid; The spray pipe (60) is used for spraying liquid; The water tank switch (61) is used to control the speed of liquid spraying; The water outlet pipe (62) is used to output liquid; The straw mixture material hopper (50) comprises a straw mixture material hopper box (63), a straw mixture material hopper material conveying device (64), a straw mixture material hopper motor (65), and a straw mixture material hopper reducer (66); The straw mixture material hopper box (63) is used to store the straw mixture material, and its implementation method is the same as that of the earthworm hopper box (44); The straw mixture material lower hopper material conveying device (64) is used to convey the straw mixture material, and its implementation method is the same as that of the earthworm lower hopper material conveying device (43); The straw mixture material hopper motor (65) is a speed-regulated DC motor, which provides power for the straw mixture material hopper material conveying device (64); The straw mixture material hopper reducer (66) is used to reduce the rotation speed of the power source and increase the output torque, thereby matching the working requirements of the equipment.

5. The new equipment for efficient black soil bio-farming based on earthworm-driven inoculation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The soil covering system (D) includes a soil covering device fixing hole (67), a double-disc soil covering device (68), a soil covering device mounting hole (69), a soil covering device bracket fixing hole (70) and a soil covering device bracket (71); The cover fixing hole (67) and the cover mounting hole (69) are matched with high-strength bolts to fix the double-disc cover (68) to the rear end of the cover bracket (71); The double-disc cover (68) is composed of two discs that are arranged at a certain angle and are fixed in the cover mounting hole (69) on the cover bracket (71) by means of bolt connection; The cover mounting hole (69) and the cover fixing hole (67) are matched with high-strength bolts to fix the double-disc cover (68) to the end of the cover bracket (71); The soil cover bracket fixing hole (70) and the soil cover system mounting hole (26) on the rear chassis extension plate (27) are matched with high-strength bolts to fix the soil cover bracket (71) to the rear chassis extension plate (27).

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