Large-span space steel truss in slope complex terrain environment and mounting method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of steel trusses, in particular to a large-span space steel truss in a slope complex terrain environment and a mounting method thereof, the large-span space steel truss in the slope complex terrain environment comprises four L-shaped steel columns which are distributed in a rectangular shape, and every two L-shaped steel columns form a group and are symmetrically distributed front and back; fixing sleeves are fixedly mounted at the bottoms of the two L-shaped steel columns in the same group, a lower chord is jointly mounted in the fixing sleeves on the two L-shaped steel columns in the same group in a penetrating manner, an upper chord is jointly fixedly mounted at the tops of the two L-shaped steel columns in the same group, and quick connectors are arranged at the two ends of the lower chord and the two ends of the upper chord. A top truss is fixedly connected between the quick connectors on the two upper chords located at the top, the stability is good by adopting the installation mode of ground segmented assembly, double-vehicle joint lifting and aerial splicing, and quick splicing and assembly between the two adjacent space trusses are achieved through the arrangement of the quick connectors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of steel trusses, and in particular relates to a large-span spatial steel truss in a sloped and complex terrain environment and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of science and technology and social progress, space truss structures are widely used in various stadiums, exhibition centers, airport terminals, large stone factories and other construction projects. Due to their good structural stability, high rigidity and large span, they are widely used. However, the following problems exist in the assembly and installation process of steel truss structures:

[0003] 1. During the installation process of steel truss structures, common installation methods include overall lifting, overall jacking, high-altitude sliding or pushing, and high-altitude bulk installation of full-frame structures. However, the above installation methods are not applicable to complex slope terrain environments. It is difficult to achieve stable installation of large-span space steel trusses. In addition, during splicing installation, precise positioning and installation between the entire section of steel trusses are required, which makes docking difficult and time-consuming.

[0004] 2. Large-span space steel trusses are usually assembled by installing rods at the rear ends and multiple large-span space steel trusses in the middle. However, the multiple sections of steel trusses in the middle are usually fixed and installed by multiple bolts. After installation, they are welded and fixed. Stress concentration is easy to occur at the joints of the steel trusses, causing excessive force on the bolts, and high bolt strength requirements are required. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a large-span spatial steel truss with a simple structure and reasonable design and an installation method thereof in a sloping and complex terrain environment in order to solve the above problems.

[0006] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A large-span spatial steel truss for a sloping and complex terrain environment comprises four L-shaped steel columns distributed in a rectangular manner, wherein the four L-shaped steel columns are grouped in pairs and are symmetrically distributed front to back, the bottoms of the two L-shaped steel columns in the same group are fixedly installed with fixing sleeves, the interiors of the fixing sleeves on the two L-shaped steel columns in the same group are commonly penetrated by a lower chord rod, the tops of the two L-shaped steel columns in the same group are commonly fixedly installed with an upper chord rod, both ends of the lower chord rod and the upper chord rod are provided with quick joints, a top truss is fixedly connected between the quick joints on the two upper chord rods at the top, a top fixing mechanism is commonly provided between the two top trusses, a bottom truss is fixedly connected between the quick joints on the two lower chord rods at the bottom, a pressing and blowing mechanism is provided on the bottom truss, and a plurality of side support columns are evenly fixedly connected between the lower chord rod and the upper chord rod on the same side.

[0008] Preferably, the quick joint includes a fixed sleeve fixedly sleeved on both ends of the lower chord and the upper chord, a top surface plug-in sleeve fixedly installed at the center of the fixed sleeve, a reinforcing rib fixedly installed at the connection between the top surface plug-in sleeve and the fixed sleeve, a side truss is fixedly connected between the two upper and lower symmetrical top surface plug-in sleeves, a side plug-in sleeve is fixedly installed on the side of the fixed sleeve, a bottom truss is fixedly installed between the two front-to-back symmetrical side plug-in sleeves located at the bottom, a top truss is fixedly installed between the two front-to-back symmetrical side plug-in sleeves located at the top, plug-in blocks are fixedly installed on the quick joints located on the rear side, and a number of side purlins are uniformly fixedly installed between the L-shaped steel columns, the side trusses and the side support columns.

[0009] Preferably, a bottom supporting rod assembly is fixedly installed between the two front-to-back symmetrical L-shaped steel columns, and the bottom supporting rod assembly includes a square tube, a No. 1 supporting plate is fixedly installed on the top of the square tube, and two No. 2 plug-in tubes are fixedly installed symmetrically on the front and rear ends of the square tube, and the two No. 2 plug-in tubes on the same surface are jointly plugged and fixed on the L-shaped steel column, and bolts are fixedly installed between the No. 2 plug-in tube and the L-shaped steel column.

[0010] Preferably, mounting plates are installed on both the front and rear sides of the fixing sleeve, and a number of studs are installed between the two mounting plates. The studs pass through the fixing sleeve and the lower chord, and nuts are threadedly connected at both ends of the studs.

[0011] Preferably, the two left-right symmetrical bottom trusses are I-beams, and a plurality of bottom steel beams are commonly inserted and fixed inside the grooves of the two front-back symmetrical bottom trusses, and the bottom steel beams and the bottom trusses are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0012] Preferably, a number of No. 1 plug-in tubes are movably passed through the two front-to-back symmetrical lower chords, and the No. 1 plug-in tubes are movably passed through the bottom steel beam. The lower chord and the No. 1 plug-in tubes, as well as the No. 1 plug-in tubes and the bottom steel beam are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0013] Preferably, the top fixing mechanism includes a plurality of top purlins fixedly installed on the top of the two top trusses, a plurality of top steel beams are evenly welded and fixedly installed between the two upper chords, the top of the top steel beam is fitted with the bottom of the top purlin, the top of the top purlin is movably clamped with a U-shaped crimping sleeve, two screws are fixedly installed on the bottom of the U-shaped crimping sleeve, the bottom of the screw movably passes through the bottom of the top steel beam, and the screw is fixedly installed on the top steel beam by a nut.

[0014] Preferably, a number of staggered No. 2 support plates are evenly fixedly installed between the bottom steel beams, and the pressing and blowing mechanism includes an air bag fixedly installed on the top of the No. 2 support plate, a connecting pipe is fixedly installed on the bottom of the air bag, and a diversion pipe is fixedly installed on the end of the connecting pipe away from the air bag, and a number of air nozzles are evenly installed on the diversion pipe.

[0015] Preferably, a steel plate is fixedly installed on the top of the airbag, and several movable rods are evenly installed on the bottom edge of the steel plate. The bottom of the movable rods are movable through the No. 1 plug-in tube, the bottom steel beam and the bottom truss respectively. A spring is sleeved on the top of the movable rod, and the spring is arranged between the steel plate and the No. 1 plug-in tube, the bottom steel beam and the bottom truss. The bottom end of the movable rod is fixedly installed with a bottom baffle.

[0016] A method for installing a large-span space steel truss in a sloped and complex terrain environment is provided. Based on the large-span space steel truss in a sloped and complex terrain environment, the method for installing a large-span space steel truss in a sloped and complex terrain environment comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1. Preliminary preparation: First, conduct a preliminary survey of the slope environment, understand the construction conditions, prepare the ground, and conduct a construction feasibility survey.

[0018] S2. Ground assembly of space trusses: The lower chord of the space trusses is supported on the piers. The center of the lower chord of the trusses and the supporting points on both sides are used as reference points to assemble the space trusses. First, assemble the bottom surface of the space trusses, then assemble the two sides of the space trusses, and finally assemble the top surface of the space trusses. After the trusses are assembled, start installing the side purlins of the trusses and the pressing and blowing mechanism on the bottom surface at the same time.

[0019] S3. Control point and ground vehicle setup: Three monitoring points are set along the longitudinal direction of the space truss to determine the corresponding elevation positions. These points will control the assembly, hoisting, and installation of the space truss. Elevation control points ① and ③ are the connection nodes between the L-shaped steel columns of the steel structure and the space truss. Elevation control point ② is the midpoint of the space truss and the truss deflection control point. After the point setup is completed, drive the truck crane to the designated hoisting position.

[0020] S4. Space truss hoisting: First, conduct a trial hoisting of the space truss. After the trial hoisting is completed, use two truck cranes to lift the entire truss. During the hoisting, observe whether the hoisting weight, hoisting radius and arm span exceed the limit. If they exceed the limit, stop the hoisting immediately and readjust.

[0021] S5. High-altitude connection and assembly: After the entire space truss is hoisted into place, the elevation position, structural deformation, camber value and docking accuracy of the entire space truss are strictly monitored using a theodolite and a level. After the data is generated, it is compared with the coordinate data given in the design. Comprehensive adjustments are made through the truck cranes, guy ropes and adjusting wire ropes at the upper ends of the steel columns at both ends. After meeting the requirements, the lower chord and upper chord of the space truss are formally connected to the support frame. After the connection is completed, the web members connected to the L-shaped steel columns are installed. When installing two adjacent space trusses, they are directly connected through quick connectors and then fixed with bolts.

[0022] S6. Quality inspection and acceptance: After the spatial truss is assembled, it will be subject to quality inspection in accordance with relevant regulations, and acceptance will be carried out after the inspection is completed.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] 1. The present invention adopts a construction process different from conventional hoisting installation. It adopts ground segmented assembly, which has low environmental requirements, and uses dual-machine lifting and hoisting, which has good stability. Compared with the installation method of full-floor scaffolding, the space occupancy rate is low. Three control points are set on the truss, and two total stations are used to monitor the coordinates of the quality control points of the truss during the assembly process. The actual monitoring data is compared with the data given in the design, and correction is made through the installation platform measure bracket, so that the arch degree of the truss meets the design requirements, thereby ensuring the installation accuracy.

[0025] 2. The present invention realizes the rapid splicing and assembly between two adjacent space trusses through the setting of quick joints, with high work efficiency. In addition, a through-type fixing method is adopted between the L-shaped steel column and the lower chord, between the No. 1 plug-in tube and the lower chord, and between the No. 1 plug-in tube and the bottom steel beam. Compared with the ordinary end welding fixing method, the installation stability is better and the structural strength is greater.

[0026] 3. The present invention is equipped with a press-and-blow mechanism. When a person walks over the steel plate on top of the press-and-blow mechanism, the airbag is squeezed downward. The airbag sprays gas through the air nozzle to the main connection area of ​​the space truss, cleaning the dust and rainwater thereon, thereby avoiding corrosion of the space truss by accumulated dust and rainwater and extending the service life of the space truss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 The present invention Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of area A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional bottom view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 The present invention Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of area B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the L-shaped steel column, lower chord, No. 1 plug-in pipe and bottom steel beam of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7It is a three-dimensional diagram of the quick connector, lower chord and bottom support rod assembly of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 is a perspective view of the L-shaped steel column, mounting plate and fixing sleeve of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of monitoring points arranged longitudinally on the space truss of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 It is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.

[0037] Figure: 1, L-shaped steel column; 2, quick connector; 21, side plug-in sleeve; 22, fixed sleeve; 23, top plug-in sleeve; 24, reinforcing rib; 3, press-blow mechanism; 31, steel plate; 32, air bag; 33, connecting pipe; 34, air nozzle; 35, diverter pipe; 36, spring; 37, movable rod; 38, bottom baffle; 4, bottom truss; 5, top truss; 6, top fixing mechanism; 61, top steel beam; 62, Top purlin; 63, U-shaped crimping sleeve; 64, screw; 7, plug-in block; 8, web member; 9, lower chord; 10, side truss; 11, No. 1 plug-in tube; 12, upper chord; 13, side support column; 14, bottom steel beam; 15, bottom support plug-in rod assembly; 151, square tube; 152, No. 1 support plate; 153, No. 2 plug-in tube; 16, No. 2 support plate; 17, side purlin; 18, mounting plate; 19, fixing sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out that the following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technicians in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0039] Example: See Figure 1, a large-span spatial steel truss in a sloping and complex terrain environment, comprising four L-shaped steel columns 1 distributed in a rectangular manner, the four L-shaped steel columns 1 are grouped in pairs and are symmetrically distributed front to back, the bottoms of the two L-shaped steel columns 1 in the same group are fixedly installed with fixing sleeves 19, the interiors of the fixing sleeves 19 on the two L-shaped steel columns 1 in the same group are commonly penetrated by a lower chord 9, the tops of the two L-shaped steel columns 1 in the same group are commonly fixedly installed with an upper chord 12, quick joints 2 are provided at both ends of the lower chord 9 and the upper chord 12, a top truss 5 is fixedly connected between the quick joints 2 on the two upper chords 12 at the top, a top fixing mechanism 6 is commonly provided between the two top trusses 5, a bottom truss 4 is fixedly connected between the quick joints 2 on the two lower chords 9 at the bottom, a pressing and blowing mechanism 3 for pressing and blowing cleaning is provided on the bottom truss 4, and a plurality of side support columns 13 are evenly fixedly connected between the lower chord 9 and the upper chord 12 on the same side.

[0040] When in use, the L-shaped steel column 1 is used to fix the quick joint 2, the lower chord 9 and the upper chord 12, the top fixing mechanism 6 is used to connect and fix the top truss 5 and the upper chord 12, the quick joint 2 is used for rapid splicing and assembly between two adjacent space trusses, and the pressing and blowing mechanism 3 is used to blow and clean the key connection areas on the lower chord 9 of the space truss and the L-shaped steel column 1.

[0041] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 The bottom supporting rod assembly 15 is fixedly installed between the two symmetrical L-shaped steel columns 1 in front and back. The bottom supporting rod assembly 15 includes a square tube 151. A No. 1 supporting plate 152 is fixedly installed on the top of the square tube 151, and two No. 2 plug-in tubes 153 are fixedly installed symmetrically on the front and rear ends of the square tube 151. The two No. 2 plug-in tubes 153 on the same surface are plugged and fixed on the L-shaped steel column 1, and bolts are fixedly installed between the No. 2 plug-in tube 153 and the L-shaped steel column 1. The mounting plates 18 are installed on both sides of the fixing sleeve 19. Several studs are installed between the two mounting plates 18. The studs pass through the fixed sleeve 19 and the lower chord 9, and nuts are threadedly connected at both ends of the studs. The two left-right symmetrical bottom trusses 4 are I-beams, and the grooves of the two front-back symmetrical bottom trusses 4 are commonly plugged and fixed with a number of bottom steel beams 14. The bottom steel beams 14 and the bottom trusses 4 are fixedly connected by bolts. A number of No. 1 plug-in tubes 11 are movably passed through the two front-back symmetrical lower chords 9, and the No. 1 plug-in tube 11 movably passes through the bottom steel beam 14. The lower chord 9 and the No. 1 plug-in tube 11, as well as the No. 1 plug-in tube 11 and the bottom steel beam 14 are all fixedly connected by bolts.

[0042] When in use, first place the lower chord 9 on the pier on the ground, then put the fixing sleeve 19 on the L-shaped steel column 1 onto the two ends of the lower chord 9, and then use the mounting plate 18 and studs to fix the L-shaped steel column 1 to the lower chord 9, and then install the quick connector 2 to the two ends of the lower chord 9 respectively, and at the same time insert the No. 2 plug-in tube 153 into the I-groove of the horizontal section of the L-shaped steel column 1, and then fix it with studs, and then fix the side support column 13 to the lower chord 9, and then fix the quick connector 2 at both ends of the upper chord 12 respectively, and then fix the upper chord 12 to the top of the side support column 13 by welding and bolting.

[0043] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 The quick joint 2 includes a fixed sleeve 22 fixedly sleeved on both ends of the lower chord 9 and the upper chord 12, a top surface plug-in sleeve 23 is fixedly installed at the center of the fixed sleeve 22, and a reinforcing rib 24 is fixedly installed at the connection between the top surface plug-in sleeve 23 and the fixed sleeve 22, and the side truss 10 is fixedly connected between the two upper and lower symmetrical top surface plug-in sleeves 23, and the side of the fixed sleeve 22 is fixedly installed with a side plug-in sleeve 21. The bottom truss 4 is fixedly installed between the two front and rear symmetrical side plug-in sleeves 21 at the bottom, and the top truss 5 is fixedly installed between the two front and rear symmetrical side plug-in sleeves 21 at the top, and the plug-in block 7 is fixedly installed on the quick joint 2 at the rear side. A number of side purlins 17 are uniformly fixedly installed between the L-shaped steel column 1, the side truss 10 and the side support column 13.

[0044] When in use, the fixing sleeves 22 in the quick connector 2 are respectively sleeved onto the two ends of the lower chord 9 and the two ends of the upper chord 12, and then the fixing sleeves 22 are fixed to the lower chord 9 and the upper chord 12 by means of bolts. Then, the bottom truss 4 is plugged and fixed to the side plug-in sleeves 21 in the quick connector 2 at the bottom, and the top truss 5 is plugged and fixed to the side plug-in sleeves 21 in the quick connector 2 at the top, and tightened and fixed by means of bolts. At the same time, the upper side truss 10 is fixedly plugged between the top surface plug-in sleeves 23 on the two symmetrical quick connectors 2, and then fixed by means of bolts.

[0045] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The top fixing mechanism 6 includes several top purlins 62 fixedly installed on the top of the two top trusses 5. Several top steel beams 61 are evenly welded and fixedly installed between the two upper chords 12. The top of the top steel beam 61 is fitted with the bottom of the top purlin 62. The top of the top purlin 62 is movably clamped with a U-shaped pressing sleeve 63. Two screws 64 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the U-shaped pressing sleeve 63. The bottom of the screw 64 movably passes through the bottom of the top steel beam 61. The screw 64 is fixed to the top steel beam 61 through a nut.

[0046] When in use, the top steel beam 61 is fixed between the two upper chords 12 by welding and bolting, and then the top purlin 62 is set to the top of the top steel beam 61, and the U-shaped crimping sleeve 63 is put on the top purlin 62. The bottom of the screw 64 is movable through the top steel beam 61 and fixed with a nut, thereby achieving stable installation of the top fixing mechanism 6.

[0047] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 , a number of staggered No. 2 support plates 16 are evenly fixedly installed between the bottom steel beams 14, and the pressing and blowing mechanism 3 includes an air bag 32 fixedly installed on the top of the No. 2 support plate 16, a connecting pipe 33 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the air bag 32, and a diverter pipe 35 is fixedly installed on the end of the connecting pipe 33 away from the air bag 32, and a number of air nozzles 34 are evenly installed on the diverter pipe 35, a steel plate 31 is fixedly installed on the top of the air bag 32, and a number of movable rods 37 are evenly installed on the bottom edge of the steel plate 31. The bottom of the movable rod 37 is movable through the No. 1 plug-in tube 11, the bottom steel beam 14 and the bottom truss 4 respectively, and a spring 36 is sleeved on the top of the movable rod 37. The spring 36 is arranged between the steel plate 31 and the No. 1 plug-in tube 11, the bottom steel beam 14 and the bottom truss 4, and a bottom baffle 38 is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the movable rod 37. A one-way air intake valve is installed on the air bag 32.

[0048] When in use, first insert the bottom steel beam 14 into the I-shaped groove between the two bottom trusses 4, then insert the No. 1 plug-in pipe 11 into the bottom steel beam 14 and the lower chord 9, and use a through-type installation method to achieve fixed installation between the lower chord 9, the No. 1 plug-in pipe 11 and the bottom steel beam 14, and then use bolts to fix the No. 1 plug-in pipe 11 and the bottom steel beam 14, and the No. 1 plug-in pipe 11 and the lower chord 9, and then weld the No. 2 support plate 16 to the No. 1 plug-in pipe 11 in an interlaced manner, fix the airbag 32 to the No. 2 support plate 16, and then install the connecting pipe 33 to the airbag 32. Then, the air nozzle 34 and the diverter pipe 35 are installed on the connecting pipe 33, and then the steel plate 31 is fixed to the air bag 32, the movable rod 37 is fixed to the bottom of the steel plate 31, and then the spring 36 is installed on the movable rod 37. When people walk over the steel plate 31, the steel plate 31 and the air bag 32 thereon are driven to move downward, squeezing the air bag 32, and the air in the air bag 32 is transported to the diverter pipe 35 through the connecting pipe 33, and then sprayed out through the air nozzle 34, and the key connection points on the lower chord rod 9 are blown clean by air flow, thereby cleaning dust and accumulated water, effectively avoiding corrosion, and extending the service life.

[0049] It should be noted that when using this large-span space steel truss in a sloping and complex terrain environment, the lower chord 9 is placed on the pier on the ground, and the center of the lower chord 9 of the truss and the supporting points on both sides are used as reference points to assemble the space truss. First, the bottom surface of the space truss is assembled, then the two sides of the space truss are assembled, and finally the top surface of the space truss is assembled. After the truss is assembled, the truss side purlins 17 and the bottom pressing and blowing mechanism 3 are installed at the same time, and two lifting vehicles are driven to the lifting area. The two lifting vehicles are used for synchronous lifting to ensure the stability of the lifting. During lifting, the lifting weight, lifting radius and arm span must be observed at any time to see if they exceed the limit. If they exceed the limit, the lifting must be stopped immediately and readjusted. After the entire space truss is hoisted into place, the elevation position, structural deformation, camber value and docking accuracy of the entire space truss are checked using theodolite and level. Strict monitoring is carried out, and after the data is formed, it is compared with the coordinate data given in the design. Comprehensive adjustments are made through the car cranes, cable ropes and adjusting wire ropes at the upper ends of the steel columns at both ends. After meeting the requirements, the lower chord 9 and the upper chord 12 of the space truss are formally connected to the support frame. After the connection, the web 8 connected to the L-shaped steel column 1 is installed. When the two adjacent space trusses are installed, the plug-in blocks 7 on the space truss are directly plugged into the fixed sleeves 22 on the adjacent space trusses, so that the two adjacent space trusses can be quickly spliced ​​and assembled. After assembly, when personnel walk on the pressing and blowing mechanism 3, the steel plate 31 is driven to press down, thereby compressing the airbag 32 and ejecting the gas from the air nozzle 34. The key connection points on the lower chord 9 are blown clean by air flow, which realizes the cleaning of dust and accumulated water, effectively avoids the occurrence of corrosion, and extends the service life.

[0050] See also Figure 9 and Figure 10 A method for installing a large-span space steel truss in a sloped and complex terrain environment comprises the following steps:

[0051] S1. Preliminary preparation: First, conduct a preliminary survey of the slope environment, understand the construction conditions, prepare the ground, and conduct a construction feasibility survey.

[0052] S2. Ground assembly of the space truss: The lower chord 9 of the space truss is supported on the pier. The center of the lower chord 9 and the supporting points on both sides of the truss are used as reference points to assemble the space truss. First, the bottom surface of the space truss is assembled, then the two side surfaces of the space truss are assembled, and finally the top surface of the space truss is assembled. After the truss is assembled, the side purlins 17 of the truss and the pressing and blowing mechanism 3 on the bottom surface are installed at the same time.

[0053] S3. Control point and ground vehicle settings: Set up three monitoring points along the longitudinal direction of the space truss to determine the corresponding elevation positions, which play a control role in the assembly, lifting and installation of the space truss. Elevation control points ① and ③ are the connection nodes between the steel structure L-shaped steel column 1 and the space truss. Elevation control point ② is the midpoint of the space truss and the truss deflection control point. The specific settings of the points are shown in the attached figure of the specification. After the point settings are completed, drive the truck crane to the designated lifting position.

[0054] S4. Space truss hoisting: First, conduct a trial hoisting on the space truss. After the trial hoisting is completed, use two truck cranes to lift the entire truss. During the hoisting, observe whether the hoisting weight, hoisting radius and arm span exceed the limit. If they exceed the limit, stop the hoisting immediately and readjust.

[0055] S5. High-altitude connection and assembly: After the entire space truss is hoisted into place, the elevation position, structural deformation, camber value and docking accuracy of the entire space truss are strictly monitored using a theodolite and a level. After the data is generated, it is compared with the coordinate data given in the design. Comprehensive adjustments are made through the car cranes, guy ropes and adjusting wire ropes at the upper ends of the steel columns at both ends. After meeting the requirements, the lower chord 9 and the upper chord 12 of the space truss are formally connected to the support frame. After the connection is completed, the web member 8 connected to the L-shaped steel column 1 is installed. When installing two adjacent space trusses, they are directly plugged in through the quick connector 2 and then fixed with bolts.

[0056] S6. Quality inspection and acceptance: After the spatial truss is assembled, it will be subject to quality inspection in accordance with relevant regulations, and acceptance will be carried out after the inspection is completed.

[0057] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all such variations and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A long-span spatial steel truss in a sloping and complex terrain environment, comprising four L-shaped steel columns (1) arranged in a rectangular shape, characterized in that: The four L-shaped steel columns (1) are arranged in pairs and are symmetrically distributed front to back. The bottoms of the two L-shaped steel columns (1) in the same group are fixedly installed with fixed sleeves (19). The interiors of the fixed sleeves (19) on the two L-shaped steel columns (1) in the same group are commonly penetrated by a lower chord (9). The tops of the two L-shaped steel columns (1) in the same group are commonly fixedly installed with an upper chord (12). Both ends of the lower chord (9) and the upper chord (12) are provided with quick connectors (2). A top truss (5) is fixedly connected between the quick connectors (2) on the two upper chords (12) at the top. A top fixing mechanism (6) is commonly provided between the two top trusses (5). A bottom truss (4) is fixedly connected between the quick connectors (2) on the two lower chords (9) at the bottom. A pressing and blowing mechanism (3) is provided on the bottom truss (4). A plurality of side support columns (13) are evenly fixedly connected between the lower chord (9) and the upper chord (12) on the same side.

2. The large-span spatial steel truss for complex slope terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quick connector (2) comprises a fixed sleeve (22) fixedly sleeved on both ends of the lower chord (9) and the upper chord (12); a top surface plug-in sleeve (23) is fixedly installed at the center of the fixed sleeve (22); a reinforcing rib (24) is fixedly installed at the connection between the top surface plug-in sleeve (23) and the fixed sleeve (22); a side truss (10) is fixedly connected between the two symmetrical top surface plug-in sleeves (23); and a side plug-in rib (24) is fixedly installed on the side of the fixed sleeve (22). A connecting sleeve (21) is provided, a bottom truss (4) is fixedly installed between two symmetrical side plug-in sleeves (21) at the bottom, a top truss (5) is fixedly installed between two symmetrical side plug-in sleeves (21) at the top, a plug-in block (7) is fixedly installed on each of the quick connectors (2) at the rear, and a plurality of side purlins (17) are fixedly installed between the L-shaped steel column (1), the side trusses (10) and the side support columns (13).

3. The large-span spatial steel truss for complex slope terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bottom supporting rod assembly (15) is fixedly installed between the two front-to-back symmetrical L-shaped steel columns (1), and the bottom supporting rod assembly (15) includes a square tube (151). A No. 1 supporting plate (152) is fixedly installed on the top of the square tube (151), and two No. 2 plug-in tubes (153) are fixedly installed symmetrically at both the front and rear ends of the square tube (151). The two No. 2 plug-in tubes (153) on the same surface are plugged and fixed on the L-shaped steel column (1), and bolts are fixedly installed between the No. 2 plug-in tube (153) and the L-shaped steel column (1).

4. The large-span spatial steel truss for use in a sloped and complex terrain environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing sleeve (19) is provided with mounting plates (18) on both the front and rear sides. A plurality of studs are installed between the two mounting plates (18). The studs pass through the fixing sleeve (19) and the lower chord (9), and nuts are respectively threadedly connected at both ends of the studs.

5. The large-span spatial steel truss for use in a sloped and complex terrain environment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two bottom trusses (4) that are symmetrical left and right are I-beams, and a plurality of bottom steel beams (14) are inserted and fixed in the grooves of the two bottom trusses (4) that are symmetrical front and back, and the bottom steel beams (14) and the bottom trusses (4) are fixedly connected by bolts.

6. The large-span spatial steel truss for use in a sloped and complex terrain environment according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of No. 1 plug-in tubes (11) are movably passed through the two front-to-back symmetrical lower chord rods (9), and the No. 1 plug-in tubes (11) are movably passed through the bottom steel beam (14). The lower chord rod (9) and the No. 1 plug-in tubes (11) as well as the No. 1 plug-in tubes (11) and the bottom steel beam (14) are fixedly connected by bolts.

7. The large-span spatial steel truss for use in a sloped and complex terrain environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top fixing mechanism (6) comprises a plurality of top purlins (62) fixedly mounted on the tops of the two top trusses (5); a plurality of top steel beams (61) are uniformly welded and fixedly mounted between the two upper chords (12); the tops of the top steel beams (61) are fitted with the bottoms of the top purlins (62); the tops of the top purlins (62) are movably clamped with U-shaped pressing sleeves (63); the bottoms of the U-shaped pressing sleeves (63) are fixedly mounted with two screws (64); the bottoms of the screws (64) movably penetrate the bottoms of the top steel beams (61); and the screws (64) are fixedly mounted on the top steel beams (61) via nuts.

8. The large-span spatial steel truss for use in a sloped and complex terrain environment according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of staggered No. 2 support plates (16) are evenly fixedly installed between the bottom steel beams (14). The pressing and blowing mechanism (3) includes an air bag (32) fixedly installed on the top of the No. 2 support plate (16). A connecting pipe (33) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the air bag (32). A diverter pipe (35) is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting pipe (33) away from the air bag (32). A plurality of air nozzles (34) are evenly installed on the diverter pipe (35).

9. The large-span space steel truss for use in a sloped and complex terrain environment according to claim 8, characterized in that: A steel plate (31) is fixedly installed on the top of the airbag (32), and a plurality of movable rods (37) are evenly installed on the bottom edge of the steel plate (31). The bottom of the movable rod (37) is movable and passes through the No. 1 plug-in tube (11), the bottom steel beam (14) and the bottom truss (4). A spring (36) is sleeved on the top of the movable rod (37), and the spring (36) is set between the steel plate (31) and the No. 1 plug-in tube (11), the bottom steel beam (14) and the bottom truss (4). A bottom baffle (38) is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the movable rod (37).

10. A method for installing a large-span spatial steel truss in a sloping and complex terrain environment, based on the large-span spatial steel truss in a sloping and complex terrain environment according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method for installing a large-span spatial steel truss in a sloped and complex terrain environment includes the following steps: S1. Preliminary preparation: First, conduct preliminary investigation of the slope environment, understand the construction conditions, prepare the ground, and conduct construction feasibility survey; S2. Assembling the space truss on the ground: The lower chord (9) of the space truss is supported on the column pier. The center of the lower chord (9) and the supporting points on both sides of the truss are used as reference points to assemble the space truss. First, the bottom surface of the space truss is assembled, then the two side surfaces of the space truss are assembled, and finally the top surface of the space truss is assembled. After the truss is assembled, the side purlins (17) of the truss and the pressing and blowing mechanism (3) on the bottom surface are installed at the same time. S3. Control point and ground vehicle setting: Set up three monitoring points along the longitudinal direction of the space truss to determine the corresponding elevation positions, which play a control role in the assembly, lifting and installation of the space truss. Elevation control points ① and ③ are the connection nodes between the steel structure L-shaped steel column (1) and the space truss. Elevation control point ② is the midpoint of the space truss and the truss deflection control point. After the point setting is completed, drive the truck crane to the designated lifting position; S4. Space truss hoisting: First, conduct a trial hoist on the space truss. After the trial hoisting is completed, use two truck cranes to lift the entire truss. During the hoisting, always observe whether the hoisting weight, hoisting radius and arm span exceed the limit. If they exceed the limit, stop the hoisting immediately and readjust. S5. High-altitude connection and assembly: After the entire space truss is hoisted into place, the elevation position, structural deformation, camber value and docking accuracy of the entire space truss are strictly monitored using a theodolite and a level. After the data is generated, it is compared with the coordinate data given in the design. Comprehensive adjustments are made through the car cranes, cable wind ropes and the steel wire ropes at the upper ends of the steel columns. After meeting the requirements, the lower chord (9) and the upper chord (12) of the space truss are formally connected to the support frame. After the connection is completed, the web (8) connected to the L-shaped steel column (1) is installed. When two adjacent space trusses are installed, they are directly plugged in and connected through the quick connector (2) and then fixed with bolts; S6. Quality inspection and acceptance: After the spatial truss is assembled, it will be subject to quality inspection in accordance with relevant regulations, and acceptance will be carried out after the inspection is completed.

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