Clamp for testing shearing performance
By designing a fixture that includes a sliding platform and elastic paddle, the problem that existing fixtures cannot clamp multiple samples at the same time is solved, and automated testing and efficient shear performance testing are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510813134.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing fixtures cannot clamp multiple samples at the same time, resulting in low shear performance testing efficiency.
A clamp including a sliding platform, a top plate, a support plate, a stop, a positioning plate and an elastic paddle was designed. Through the design of multiple positioning grooves and slide grooves, the automatic clamping and testing of multiple samples was realized. The combination of the elastic paddle and the top plate was used to ensure the stability and smooth movement of the samples.
Automatic testing of multiple samples is realized, which improves the testing efficiency, avoids falling and offsetting of samples during movement, and ensures the accuracy and stability of the test results.
Smart Images
Figure CN120558746A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of test auxiliary equipment, and in particular to a fixture for shear performance testing. Background Art
[0002] Interlaminar shear strength refers to the ability of the interlaminar interface of composite materials (such as carbon fiber / resin-based composite materials, glass fiber reinforced plastics, etc.) to resist damage under a shear load perpendicular to the lamination direction. When performing a shear strength test on a universal machine, the specimen needs to be clamped. The existing clamping device generally includes two clamps. The specimen is placed between the two clamps, and the two clamps are fixed with fasteners to fix the specimen. However, this clamping method can only clamp one specimen at a time. After the current specimen is tested, it needs to be manually removed before the next specimen can be installed, and then the next specimen can be tested. This will extend the test time of the specimen and reduce the test efficiency. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The main purpose of this application is to provide a fixture for shear performance testing, aiming to solve the problem that existing fixtures cannot clamp multiple specimens at the same time, resulting in low testing efficiency.
[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a fixture for shear performance testing, comprising: a sliding platform, a top plate and a retractable support plate vertically connected to the surface of the sliding platform, a slide groove being provided on the surface of the sliding platform, and the slide groove being located between the support plate and the top plate; a first slide plate is located on the surface of the sliding platform, the first slide plate is vertically connected to the second slide plate, and the second slide plate abuts against the support plate; a plurality of stops are sequentially arranged on the first slide plate, a positioning plate is provided above the stop block, and the positioning plates are respectively connected to the stops through a plurality of connecting plates; a through hole is provided between each stop block and the second slide plate, and the through hole and the slide groove are located on the same horizontal line; the second slide plate is connected to the baffle in parallel through a first elastic connecting piece, the positioning plate is in vertical contact with the baffle, and a positioning groove with the same number as the through holes is provided inwardly on the contact side, the depth of the positioning groove is the same as the thickness of the sample to be tested, and the positioning groove is fixed. The width of the positioning slot is greater than the width of the through hole; the top plate is vertically fixed on the sliding platform, and a first top block, a second top block and an elastic paddle are vertically fixed on the top plate; the distances from the second top block and the elastic paddle to one end of the top plate are equal, and greater than the distance from the first top block to one end of the top plate; the distance between the first top block and the sliding platform is less than the distance between the positioning plate and the sliding platform, and greater than the distance between the second top block and the sliding platform; the distance between the first top block and the second top block is less than the distance between the positioning plate and the first slide plate, and greater than the distance between the positioning plate and the positioning block; the length of the elastic paddle is equal to the length of the first top block, and the distance between the first top block and the support plate is equal to the sum of the distance between the connecting plate and the support plate and the thickness of the connecting plate; the distance between the second top block and the support plate is equal to the sum of the distance between the positioning block and the support plate and the thickness of the positioning block.
[0005] Optionally, the first top block, the second top block and the elastic paddle constitute a paddle assembly, the paddle assembly includes two, and the distance between the two paddle assemblies is equal to the sum of the distance between two adjacent connecting plates and the length of the connecting plates.
[0006] Optionally, the chute includes a first chute and a second chute connected to each other, the width of the second chute is the same as the width of the sample and is smaller than the width of the first chute, and the connection between the second chute and the first chute is located in the middle position of the two first top blocks.
[0007] Optionally, the support plate includes a first support plate and a second support plate fixing plate parallel to each other, the first support plate is vertically fixed on the sliding platform, and the first support plate and the second support plate are connected by a second elastic connecting member.
[0008] Optionally, the free end of the first top block forms a first inclined surface, and the distance between two ends of the first inclined surface is greater than or equal to the thickness of the connecting plate.
[0009] Optionally, each stopper is connected to a limiting block on a side wall away from the connecting plate.
[0010] Optionally, a second inclined surface is formed at the free end of the second top block, and third inclined surfaces matching the second inclined surface are formed on both sides of the stop block.
[0011] Optionally, a fourth inclined surface adapted to the second inclined surface is formed on one side of the limiting block.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The fixture for shear performance testing of the present invention places the sample into the positioning groove of the positioning plate, and clamps the sample through the baffle to ensure the stability of the sample during the movement and the test process, and avoids the sample falling during the movement or the test offset during the test, which leads to deviation in the test results; multiple positioning grooves are provided on the positioning plate, and multiple samples can be placed, and the sample tests are automatically carried out in sequence without completing one sample before placing the next sample, saving test time and improving test efficiency; the baffle is pushed backward by the first top block to loosen the sample, and the sample is pushed into the through hole and into the slide groove by the elastic pick, and the second top block contacts the stop block, thereby pushing the sliding clamp assembly backward through the stop block, avoiding the first top block from interfering with the connecting plate, which causes the sliding clamp assembly to be unable to move. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fixture for shear performance testing in this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first direction of a fixture for shear performance testing in this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second direction of a fixture for shear performance testing in this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a top plate in a fixture for shear performance testing in this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of a support plate in a fixture for shear performance testing in this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a slide in a fixture for shear performance testing in this application; Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of a first working state of a clamp for shear performance testing in this application; Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of a second working state of a clamp for shear performance testing in this application; Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the third working state of a clamp for shear performance testing in this application.
[0014] The realization of the objectives, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application more clear, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0016] The first embodiment of the present invention provides a fixture for shear performance testing, such as Figure 1-6As shown, it includes: a sliding platform 1 and a first slide 2, the surface of the sliding platform 1 is vertically connected to a top plate 3 and a retractable support plate 4, and a slide groove 5 is also provided on the surface of the sliding platform 1, and the slide groove 5 is located between the support plate 4 and the top plate 3; the first slide 2 is located on the surface of the sliding platform 1, and the first slide 2 is vertically connected to the second slide 4, and the second slide 6 is in contact with the support plate 4; a plurality of stoppers 7 are sequentially provided on the first slide 2, and a positioning plate 8 is provided above the stoppers 7, and the positioning plates 8 are respectively connected to the stoppers 7 through a plurality of connecting plates 9; the first slide 2 is provided with a through hole 10 between each stopper 7 and the second slide 6, and the through hole 10 and the slide groove 5 are located The second slide plate 6 is connected to the baffle 12 in parallel through the first elastic connector 11, and the positioning plate 8 is in vertical contact with the baffle 12. The same number of positioning grooves 13 as the through holes 10 are opened inward on the contact side of the positioning plate 8 and the baffle 12. The depth of the positioning groove 13 is the same as the thickness of the sample to be tested, and the width of the positioning groove 13 is greater than the width of the through hole 10. The top plate 3 is vertically fixed on the sliding platform 1, and a first top block 14, a second top block 15 and an elastic paddle 16 are vertically fixed on the top plate 3. The distances from the second top block 15 and the elastic paddle 16 to one end of the top plate 3 are equal and greater than the first top block 15. The distance from the first top block 14 to one end of the top plate 3 (in the initial state, the distance between the elastic paddle 16 and the sample is smaller than the distance between the first top block 14 and the sample. In order to ensure that the elastic paddle 16 contacts the sample first when the test starts, and the time when the second top block 15 contacts the stop block 7 is earlier than the time when the first top block 14 contacts the connecting plate 9, to avoid the first top block 14 and the connecting plate 9 being stuck, causing the sliding fixture assembly to be unable to move), further, the width of the second top block 15 is greater than the width from the elastic paddle 16 to the top plate 3, and the distance from the second top block 15 to the other end of the top plate 3 is equal to the distance from the first top block 14 to the other end of the top plate 3; the first top block 14 The distance between the first top block 14 and the sliding platform 1 is smaller than the distance between the positioning plate 8 and the sliding platform 1, and is larger than the distance between the second top block 15 and the sliding platform 1; the distance between the first top block 14 and the second top block 15 is smaller than the distance between the positioning plate 8 and the first slide 2, and is larger than the distance between the positioning plate 8 and the positioning block; the length of the elastic paddle 16 is equal to the length of the first top block 14, and the distance between the first top block 14 and the support plate 4 is equal to the sum of the distance between the connecting plate 9 and the support plate 4 and the thickness of the connecting plate 9; the distance between the second top block 15 and the support plate 4 is equal to the sum of the distance between the positioning block and the support plate 4 and the thickness of the positioning block.
[0017] Exemplarily, the first elastic connector 11 includes a connecting column, one end of which is connected to the baffle 12, and the other end is connected to the second slide 6 via a spring. The width of the positioning groove 13 is greater than or equal to twice the width of the sample, and the width of the overlapping portion of the through hole 10 and the positioning groove 13 is greater than or equal to the width of the sample, and less than or equal to one-half the width of the positioning groove 13. In order to ensure that the sample can fall into the chute 5 along the through hole 10, the width of the through hole 10 in the positioning groove 13 (i.e., the width of the overlapping portion) cannot be equal to the width of the positioning groove 13, otherwise the sample cannot be initially clamped; the width of the positioning groove 13 is preferably twice the width of the sample, and the width of the through hole 10 in the positioning groove 13 is preferably the width of the sample. In this way, the sample can be accurately dropped into the through hole 10.
[0018] In this embodiment, the sample is placed in the positioning groove 13 of the positioning plate 8, and the sample is clamped by the baffle 12 to ensure the stability of the sample during the movement and the test process, and to avoid the sample falling during the movement or the test offset during the test, which leads to deviation in the test results; a plurality of positioning grooves 13 are provided on the positioning plate 8, in which a plurality of samples can be placed, and the sample tests are automatically carried out in sequence without completing one sample before placing the next sample, which saves test time and improves test efficiency; the baffle 12 is pushed backward by the first top block 14 to loosen the sample, and the sample is pushed into the through hole 10 by the elastic paddle 16 to enter the slide groove 5, and the second top block 15 contacts the stop block 7, thereby pushing the sliding clamp assembly backward through the stop block 7, avoiding the first top block 14 from interfering with the connecting plate 9, which causes the sliding clamp assembly to be unable to move.
[0019] If the width of the chute 5 is uniform and can just fit the sample, the sample may not be able to enter the chute 5 because it will tilt after being loosened. In order to solve this problem, the chute 5 is set to have different widths, as follows.
[0020] The chute 5 includes a first chute 51 and a second chute 52, which are interconnected. The width of the second chute 52 is the same as the width of the specimen and smaller than the width of the first chute 51. The connection between the second chute 52 and the first chute 51 is located midway between the two first top blocks 14. The first top blocks 14, second top blocks 15, and elastic paddles 16 form a paddle assembly. There are two paddle assemblies, and the distance between the two paddle assemblies is equal to the sum of the distance between two adjacent connecting plates 9 and the length of the connecting plates 9 (to ensure that the two second top blocks 15 contact both stops 7 simultaneously). Because the width of the first chute 51 is greater than the width of the specimen, measuring the first specimen while it enters the first chute 51 will result in inaccurate test results due to specimen instability. Therefore, the first specimen is tested after it enters the second chute 52 and the second specimen enters the first chute 51 to ensure stable clamping.
[0021] Specifically, the support plate 4 includes a first support plate 41 and a second support plate 42 that are parallel to each other. The first support plate 41 is vertically fixed to the sliding platform 1 and connected to the first support plate 41 and the second support plate 42 via a second elastic connector 43. Furthermore, the second elastic connector 43 includes a connecting post, one end of which is connected to the first support plate 41 and the other end is connected to the second support plate 42 via a spring. This ensures that when the second top block 15 contacts the stop block 7, the sliding clamp assembly moves away from the top plate 3 and the first top block 14 does not contact the connecting plate 9, allowing the sliding clamp assembly to continue moving.
[0022] Furthermore, each stopper 7 is connected to a limit block 16 on the side wall away from the connecting plate 9. The limit block 16 serves as a sign that the sample has entered the chute 5. When the second top plate 3 contacts the limit block 16, the test can be carried out.
[0023] Furthermore, the free end of the first top block 14 forms a first inclined surface, and the distance between the two ends of the first inclined surface is greater than or equal to the thickness of the connecting plate 9. When the first top block 14 is close to the connecting plate 9, the first inclined surface contacts the connecting plate 9, preventing the first top block 14 from being stuck with the connecting plate 9, causing the sliding clamp assembly to be unable to move. The free end of the second top block 15 forms a second inclined surface, and a third inclined surface adapted to the second inclined surface is formed on both sides of the stop block 7. A fourth inclined surface adapted to the second inclined surface is formed on one side of the limit block 16. When the second top block 15 contacts the stop block 7, the second inclined surface contacts the third inclined surface to form a transition contact, so that the second top block 15 can completely resist the stop block 7, thereby pushing the sliding clamp assembly to move backward.
[0024] It is worth noting that the first slide 2, stopper 7, connecting plate 9, positioning plate 8, second slide 6, and baffle 12 constitute the sliding fixture assembly. In the initial state, i.e., before testing begins, the distance between the first paddle assembly and the sliding fixture assembly is not specifically limited, as long as the elastic paddle 16 does not contact baffle 12. The length of the top plate 3 is also not limited and can be less than or equal to the length of the sliding platform 1, as long as the paddle assembly is positioned on the top plate 3 such that it does not contact the sliding fixture assembly when not testing.
[0025] Initially, the sliding fixture assembly is located on the support plate 4, away from the paddle assembly, the bottom of the sample contacts the first slide plate 2, is located in the positioning groove 13, and the sample is clamped by the positioning plate 8 and the baffle 12; when the test starts, the sliding fixture assembly moves toward the paddle assembly, and the elastic paddle 16 first contacts the baffle 12, but because the elastic paddle 16 is elastic, it does not push the baffle 12; then, when the first top block 14 contacts the baffle 12, it pushes the baffle 12 backward to separate the baffle 12 and the positioning plate 8, and the first sample 100 is loosened. During the continued movement, as shown in FIG. Figure 7As shown, the elastic paddle 16 pushes the sample to move along the first slide plate 2, reaches the through hole 10, and falls into the chute 5 from the through hole 10; when the first top block 14 and the second top block 15 start to contact the connecting plate 9 and the stop block 7 respectively, the second top block 15 pushes the stop block 7 backward, thereby pushing the sliding fixture assembly and the first support plate 41 to move away from the top plate 3. At this time, the first top block 14 does not contact the connecting plate 9, and the stop plate 12 is reset. When the second top block 15 contacts the limit block 16, the first sample 100 can be tested (when the width of the chute 5 is the same); and so on for the subsequent sample testing.
[0026] When the width of the chute 5 is different, the first sample 100 first falls into the first chute 51. At this time, the second top block 15 of the first pick assembly contacts the limit block 16. Then the sliding fixture assembly is moved. When the first top block 14 of the first pick assembly contacts the baffle 12 again, the baffle 12 and the positioning plate 8 are separated, and the second sample 200 is loosened. Figure 8 As shown, during the continued movement, the elastic paddle 16 of the first paddle assembly pushes the second specimen 200 to move along the first slide 2, and drops from the through hole 10 into the first chute 51; at this time, when the second top block 15 of the first paddle assembly contacts the corresponding limit block 16, the second top block 15 of the second paddle assembly contacts the corresponding limit block 16, and the first specimen 100 enters the second chute 52, and the first specimen 100 is stably clamped. At this time, the first specimen 100 can be tested. After the test is completed, when the second top block 15 of the first paddle assembly contacts the third limit block 16, the second top block 15 of the second paddle assembly contacts the second limit block 16, and the second specimen 200 enters the second chute 52, and the second specimen 200 is stably clamped. At this time, the second specimen 200 can be tested; and so on, the subsequent specimens are tested in sequence until the last test enters the first chute 51, see Figure 9 .
[0027] In the above process, when the sliding clamp assembly moves, the side wall of the stopper 7 forms a first track, and the second top block 15 moves along the first track; the connecting plate 9 forms a second track, and the first top block 14 moves along the stopper 12 and the second track.
[0028] It is understood that when the first top block 14 contacts the baffle 12, it pushes the baffle 12 backward, separating the baffle 12 from the positioning plate 8, and the first specimen becomes loose. During this process, the baffle 12 moves backward and separates from the positioning plate 8, which may also cause the remaining specimens to become loose. However, in the absence of a force pushing the remaining specimens in the direction opposite to the movement of the sliding fixture assembly, the remaining specimens will not move and their bottoms will remain on the first slide 2. Therefore, even if the chute 5 is the same length as the sliding platform, the remaining specimens will not fall into the chute 5.
[0029] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and do not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A fixture for shear performance testing, characterized in that: include: A sliding platform, the surface of which is vertically connected to a top plate and a retractable support plate, and the surface of the sliding platform is also provided with a slide groove, which is located between the support plate and the top plate; A first slide plate is located on the surface of the sliding platform, the first slide plate is vertically connected to the second slide plate, and the second slide plate abuts against the support plate; The first slide is provided with a plurality of stoppers in sequence, and a positioning plate is provided above the stoppers, and the positioning plates are respectively connected to the stoppers through a plurality of connecting plates; the first slide is provided with a through hole between each stopper and the second slide, and the through hole and the slide groove are located on the same horizontal line; The second slide is connected to the baffle in parallel via a first elastic connector. The positioning plate is in vertical contact with the baffle and has positioning grooves on the contact side thereof, the number of which is the same as the number of the through holes. The depth of the positioning grooves is the same as the thickness of the sample to be tested, and the width of the positioning grooves is greater than the width of the through holes. The top plate is vertically fixed on the sliding platform, and a first top block, a second top block and an elastic pick are vertically fixed on the top plate; the distances between the second top block and the elastic pick and one end of the top plate are equal, and greater than the distance between the first top block and one end of the top plate; The distance between the first top block and the sliding platform is smaller than the distance between the positioning plate and the sliding platform, and is larger than the distance between the second top block and the sliding platform; the distance between the first top block and the second top block is smaller than the distance between the positioning plate and the first slide plate, and is larger than the distance between the positioning plate and the positioning block; The length of the elastic pick is equal to the length of the first top block, the distance between the first top block and the support plate is equal to the sum of the distance between the connecting plate and the support plate and the thickness of the connecting plate; the distance between the second top block and the support plate is equal to the sum of the distance between the positioning block and the support plate and the thickness of the positioning block.
2. The fixture for shear performance testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first top block, the second top block and the elastic paddle constitute a paddle assembly. The paddle assembly includes two paddle assemblies. The distance between the two paddle assemblies is equal to the sum of the distance between two adjacent connecting plates and the length of the connecting plates.
3. The fixture for shear performance testing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The chute includes a first chute and a second chute connected to each other. The width of the second chute is the same as the width of the sample and is smaller than the width of the first chute. The connection between the second chute and the first chute is located in the middle of the two first top blocks.
4. The fixture for shear performance testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support plate includes a first support plate and a second support plate fixing plate that are parallel to each other. The first support plate is vertically fixed on the sliding platform. The first support plate and the second support plate are connected by a second elastic connecting member.
5. The fixture for shear performance testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The free end of the first top block forms a first inclined surface, and the distance between two ends of the first inclined surface is greater than or equal to the thickness of the connecting plate.
6. The fixture for shear performance testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the stoppers is connected to a limiting block on a side wall away from the connecting plate.
7. The fixture for shear performance testing according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second inclined surface is formed at the free end of the second top block, and third inclined surfaces matching the second inclined surface are formed on both sides of the stop block.
8. The fixture for shear performance testing according to claim 7, characterized in that: A fourth inclined surface adapted to the second inclined surface is formed on one side of the limiting block.