A flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of cables and discloses a flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable. The fireproof cable comprises components such as an inner core wire, a retaining frame, a filler block and an insulating sleeve. The filler block is filled between the inner core wire and the retaining frame. The retaining frame comprises components such as an I-shaped sleeve, a partition, a flame-retardant compartment, an aerogel block, an annular flame-retardant plate, and an elastic cover. The flame-retardant compartment contains an aerogel block, the elastic cover contains aerogel particles and is connected to the flame-retardant compartment through an air guide hole, and is wrapped with an insulating sleeve on the outside. In case of fire, the insulating sleeve is flame-retardant, and the aerogel block insulates heat and delays temperature rise. After the insulating sleeve is damaged, the aerogel releases gas to cause the elastic cover to expand and explode, thereby extinguishing the fire and sounding an alarm by utilizing the air vibration caused by the expansion and explosion of the elastic cover. The flying aerogel particles continuously release gas to enhance the effect, thereby extending the damage time of internal components of the cable, ensuring safety in case of fire, reducing losses, and being convenient to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cables, and in particular to a flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable. Background Art

[0002] Fire-resistant cables are specialized cables designed to effectively limit the spread of flames, significantly reduce the release of toxic smoke, and ensure the continued operation of critical circuits during a fire. They are core infrastructure for modern fire safety systems. They utilize specialized materials (such as low-smoke, halogen-free flame retardant) and structures (such as a mica tape fire-resistant layer) to prevent them from igniting or quickly self-extinguishing, preventing the spread of fire along the line. Furthermore, they produce minimal smoke and contain no corrosive halogen gases, ensuring visibility in escape routes and protecting personnel. Their core value lies in their fire resistance, enabling them to maintain circuit integrity for a specified period even under intense flames and high temperatures (e.g., above 750°C), providing continuous power and signal transmission for critical lifeline systems such as emergency lighting, fire alarms, smoke exhaust fans, and fire pumps, as well as vital communications.

[0003] For example, patent publication number CN102855985A discloses a highly flame-retardant and fire-resistant cable made of inorganic materials. The cable comprises several cables, an inorganic fire-resistant layer, and a flame-retardant jacket. Each cable is constructed of a copper conductor and a ceramic silicone rubber insulation layer, which is filled within the fire-resistant layer. The fire-resistant layer is extruded from 85% magnesium hydroxide, 6% serpentine powder, 4% calcium magnesium carbonate, 3% sodium silicate, and 2% chlorinated paraffin. The ceramic silicone rubber insulation layer is ceramicized at high temperatures to maintain insulation, while the inorganic fire-resistant layer is cold-mixed and extruded, making it non-combustible in the presence of fire and providing effective fire resistance.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned and existing related technologies, the inventors believe that the following defects often exist: the existing fire-resistant cables only achieve flame retardancy by filling inorganic flame retardants (such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide) or setting a mineral fire-retardant mud layer. Their good flame retardancy depends on the addition of a large amount of inorganic flame retardants. Not only is the demand for inorganic flame retardants high, but the cable protection effect is also single. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing fireproof cables in the prior art rely on adding a large amount of inorganic flame retardants to improve the flame retardant and fireproof performance, which requires a large amount of inorganic flame retardants and has a single cable protection effect. For this reason, we propose

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: a flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable, comprising an inner core wire and a retaining frame with a ring sleeve wrapped around the outside of the inner core wire, the gap between the inner core wire and the retaining frame is filled with filler blocks, and the outer ring sleeve of the retaining frame is wrapped with an insulating sleeve; the retaining frame comprises an I-shaped sleeve movably sleeved on the outside of the inner core wire and partitions fixedly connected between the side plates of the end of the I-shaped sleeve at uniform intervals, the partitions divide the outer wall of the I-shaped sleeve into several flame-retardant compartments, the flame-retardant compartments are filled with aerogel blocks, an annular flame-retardant plate is fixedly connected to the curved outer wall of the I-shaped sleeve, and elastic covers are adhered and fixed on the outer wall of the annular flame-retardant plate corresponding to the flame-retardant compartments, aerogel particles are placed inside the elastic cover, and air guide holes are opened on the annular flame-retardant plate inside the elastic cover, and the air guide holes are connected to the flame-retardant compartments.

[0007] Preferably, the filler block has a triangular prism structure, and the three surfaces of the filler block parallel to the axis of the inner core line are all arc surfaces, and the I-shaped sleeve is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the cylinder formed by splicing adjacent filler blocks.

[0008] Preferably, the filler block is evenly provided with ventilation micropores, which are arranged perpendicular to the axis of the inner core wire.

[0009] Preferably, an isolation cover is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular flame retardant plate corresponding to the air guide hole, and elastic telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the annular flame retardant plate on both sides of the isolation cover. The elastic telescopic rods are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the air guide hole, and an L-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the elastic telescopic rod. A sealing ball is fixedly connected to the top of the end of the L-shaped plate, and connecting ports are respectively opened on the outer walls on both sides of the isolation cover.

[0010] Preferably, the communication port is provided above the L-shaped plate, and when the annular flame retardant plate is sealed on the outside of the flame retardant cabin, the end of the isolation cover is suspended in the inner cavity of the flame retardant cabin outside the aerogel block.

[0011] Preferably, the elastic telescopic rod consists of two parts: an air cylinder and a piston rod. The air cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular flame retardant plate, and the piston rod is movably sleeved in the air cylinder. The lower end of the piston rod extends through the bottom of the air cylinder and is fixedly connected to the top of the L-shaped plate, and the inner cavity of the air cylinder above the piston rod is a vacuum cavity.

[0012] Preferably, when the piston rod is completely retracted inside the air cylinder, the sealing ball is movably engaged in the air guide hole, and the L-shaped plate is suspended above the bottom plate of the isolation cover.

[0013] Preferably, piston cavities are respectively opened inside the two ends of the partition, a piston disc is movably engaged inside the piston cavity, an elastic rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the piston disc, and the piston discs in adjacent I-shaped sleeves are fixedly connected by the same elastic rod.

[0014] Preferably, heat dissipation channels are evenly spaced apart on the side walls of the I-shaped sleeve ends between the elastic rods, and a plurality of leaf plates are evenly spaced apart and fixedly connected between the inner walls on both sides of the heat dissipation channels, and the leaf plates are staggeredly arranged.

[0015] Preferably, the insulating sleeve includes a wear-resistant layer movably sleeved on the outer wall of the retaining frame, the outer surface of the wear-resistant layer is wrapped with an insulating layer, and the outer surface of the insulating layer is wrapped with a thermochromic coating.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows: In the present invention, when a fire occurs in an extremely high temperature environment, the insulating sleeve can effectively prevent the cable from being ignited by virtue of its own chemical properties, providing initial protection for the cable. The aerogel blocks on the outer wall of the annular flame retardant plate utilize their low thermal conductivity to significantly block the external high temperature from being transmitted to the center of the cable, thereby extending the time it takes for the internal temperature of the cable to reach the ignition point. Even if the outer layer is burned, the internal core wire can be protected as much as possible, reducing the damage caused by the fire. When the insulating sleeve is destroyed by the flame, the inert gas released by the high-temperature baking of the aerogel blocks enters the elastic cover through the air guide holes, causing the elastic cover to inflate and explode instantly when exposed to the flame. This not only instantly disperses the flammable gas around the cable, extinguishing or retardant the flame, but also emits a sound through violent air vibration, promptly sending a fire alarm to the outside world. At the same time, the aerogel particles that fly when the elastic cover explodes are scattered around the cable and continue to release flame retardant or inert gas under high temperature burning, further enhancing the flame retardant and fire extinguishing effects, substantially extending the time it takes for the effective components inside the cable to be burned and damaged, and greatly ensuring the safety of the cable in the event of a fire. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The disclosure of the present invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same components.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of a flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a retainer for a flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of an I-shaped sleeve and an annular flame retardant plate of a flame retardant compartment type fireproof cable of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of an I-shaped sleeve of a flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable of the present invention; Figure 6 A flame retardant compartment type fireproof cable of the present invention Figure 5 A in the middle is an enlarged structural diagram; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of an I-shaped sleeve of a flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable of the present invention; Figure 8A flame retardant compartment type fireproof cable of the present invention Figure 7 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle; Figure 9 The figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of the insulating sheath of a flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable according to the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1. inner core wire; 2. retaining frame; 21. I-shaped sleeve; 22. partition; 23. flame retardant cabin; 24. aerogel block; 25. annular flame retardant plate; 251. isolation cover; 252. elastic telescopic rod; 253. L-shaped plate; 254. sealing ball; 255. connecting port; 256. piston chamber; 257. piston disc; 258. elastic rod; 259. heat dissipation channel; 2591. leaf plate; 26. elastic cover; 27. air guide hole; 3. filler block; 31. breathable micropore; 4. insulating sleeve; 41. wear-resistant layer; 42. insulating layer; 43. thermochromic coating. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] It is easy to understand that according to the technical solution of the present invention, without changing the essential spirit of the present invention, a person skilled in the art can propose a variety of interchangeable structural modes and implementation modes. Therefore, the following specific embodiments and drawings are only exemplary descriptions of the technical solution of the present invention and should not be regarded as the entire invention or as a limitation or restriction of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0021] Reference Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable, which is composed of an inner core wire 1, a retainer 2, a filler block 3 and an insulating sleeve 4. The inner core wire 1 is bundled into a single strand and then bundled with multiple strands of single wires. The outer surface of the inner core wire 1 is filled with a ring and wrapped with the retainer 2. A number of adjacent retainers 2 are attached end to end with the ring wrapping the inner core wire 1. The gap between the inner core wire 1 and the retainer 2 is filled with a filler block 3. The filler block 3 has a triangular prism structure, and the three surfaces of the filler block 3 parallel to the axis of the inner core wire 1 are all arc surfaces. The filler block 3 is filled with Between adjacent inner core wires 1, in order to maintain the stability of the inner core wire 1 inside the retaining frame 2 and prevent the inner core wire 1 inside the retaining frame 2 from rolling at will, air-permeable micropores 31 are evenly opened on the filler block 3. The air-permeable micropores 31 are arranged perpendicular to the axis of the inner core wire 1. The arrangement of the air-permeable micropores 31 facilitates the rapid diffusion of the temperature generated by the inner core wire 1 during operation to the outer shell of the cable through the pores, thereby facilitating radiation diffusion cooling to the external environment with the help of the outer shell. The outer ring of the retaining frame 2 is wrapped with an insulating sleeve 4, and the insulating sleeve 4 is made of rubber or other materials to avoid conductivity.

[0022] The retainer 2 includes an I-shaped sleeve 21, which fits tightly together at both ends of the inner core wire 1. The I-shaped sleeve 21 is movably sleeved onto the outer wall of a cylinder formed by adjacent filler blocks 3. A number of partitions 22 are evenly spaced and fixedly connected between the end side panels of the I-shaped sleeve 21. The partitions 22 divide the outer wall of the I-shaped sleeve 21 into a number of flame-retardant compartments 23. Each compartment 23 is filled with an aerogel block 24 that holds half the capacity of the compartment. The aerogel's nanoporous network (pore size 1-100 nm) makes the solid heat transfer path extremely tortuous, significantly reducing the thermal conductivity (which can be as low as 0.013 W / m·K at room temperature). At high temperatures, these pores further inhibit gas convection and radiation heat transfer, delaying the overall temperature rise. Some aerogels will release inert gases (such as nitrogen, water vapor, and carbon dioxide) during high-temperature pyrolysis, and the ejected flame-retardant gas is used to achieve the purpose of flame retardancy or fire extinguishing. An annular flame retardant plate 25 is fixedly connected to the arc outer wall of the I-shaped sleeve 21. The annular flame retardant plate 25 is made of flame retardant material. Elastic covers 26 are glued and fixed to the outer wall of the annular flame retardant plate 25 corresponding to the flame retardant cabin 23. Only the edges of the elastic cover 26 are glued and fixed to the outer wall of the annular flame retardant plate 25 by fireproof glue. It can be inflated like an elastic airbag. Aerogel particles are placed inside the elastic cover 26. Air guide holes 27 are opened on the annular flame retardant plate 25 inside the elastic cover 26. The air guide holes 27 are connected to the flame retardant cabin 23. The particle size of the aerogel particles is larger than the diameter of the air guide holes 27.

[0023] During use, when the cable is exposed to fire and is in an extremely high temperature environment, the insulating sleeve 4 uses its own chemical properties to prevent the cable from being ignited, and the aerogel block 24 on the outer wall of the annular flame retardant plate 25 uses its own low thermal conductivity to block the external high temperature from continuing to be transmitted rapidly to the center of the cable, thereby prolonging the time for the internal temperature of the cable to reach the ignition point temperature, preventing the inside of the cable from being quickly ignited, and even if the outer layer of the cable is burned, the internal core wire 1 can be protected as much as possible, thereby reducing the loss of the cable caused by the fire.

[0024] When the insulating sleeve 4 is destroyed and burned by the flame, the aerogel block 24 inside it is baked at a high temperature for a long time, and the flame retardant or inert gas stored in the nanoporous network gap of the aerogel block 24 is released. The continuously released gas enters the elastic cover 26 on the outer wall of the annular flame retardant plate 25 from the flame retardant cabin 23 through the air guide hole 27, causing the elastic cover 26 to inflate. When the elastic cover 26 inflates and contacts the flame, the elastic cover 26 is instantly damaged and exploded, causing the flame retardant or inert gas therein to be instantly dispersed around the cable, thereby using the ejected flame retardant or inert gas to extinguish or block the flame around the cable. When the elastic cover 26 explodes, it will emit violent air vibrations like a balloon bursting, thereby making a sound to send a fire alarm to the outside world. When the elastic cover 26 explodes, the aerogel particles stored therein will be simultaneously scattered around the cable. These dispersed aerogel particles will continue to release flame retardant or inert gas when burned in a high temperature environment, thereby further enhancing the flame retardant or fire extinguishing effect around the cable, fully extending the time for the effective components inside the cable to be burned and damaged, fully ensuring the safety of the cable in a fire, avoiding the economic losses and disaster impacts caused by the complete combustion and damage of the cable, and being easy to use.

[0025] Reference Figure 2-Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment: an isolation cover 251 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular flame retardant plate 25 corresponding to the air guide hole 27, and elastic telescopic rods 252 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls of the annular flame retardant plate 25 on both sides of the isolation cover 251. The elastic telescopic rods 252 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the air guide hole 27, and an L-shaped plate 253 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the elastic telescopic rod 252. A sealing ball 254 is fixedly connected to the top of the end of the L-shaped plate 253, and connecting ports 255 are respectively opened on the outer walls on both sides of the isolation cover 251.

[0026] The communication port 255 is provided above the L-shaped plate 253 . When the annular flame retardant plate 25 is sealed on the outside of the flame retardant cabin 23 , the end of the isolation cover 251 is suspended in the inner cavity of the flame retardant cabin 23 outside the aerogel block 24 .

[0027] The elastic telescopic rod 252 consists of two parts: an air cylinder and a piston rod. The air cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular flame retardant plate 25, and the piston rod is movably sleeved in the air cylinder. The lower end of the piston rod extends through the bottom of the air cylinder and is fixedly connected to the top of the L-shaped plate 253. The inner cavity of the air cylinder above the piston rod is a vacuum cavity. When the piston rod is in the vacuum cavity, when the piston rod is pulled out of the air cylinder, a negative pressure suction force in the opposite direction will be generated inside the air cylinder, so that the piston rod can automatically retract into the interior of the air cylinder; under normal conditions, when the piston rod is completely retracted inside the air cylinder, the sealing ball 254 is movably engaged in the air guide hole 27. The sealing ball 254 is used to control the connectivity of the air guide hole 27, and the L-shaped plate 253 is suspended above the bottom plate of the isolation cover 251.

[0028] During use, a small amount of flame retardant or inert gas released by the aerogel block 24 due to the influence of temperature fills the flame retardant cabin 23, and the sealing ball 254 movably engages to seal the air guide hole 27 to prevent the gas from filling the elastic cover 26 and causing it to expand and cause the outer layer of the cable to bulge. After the aerogel block 24 is slightly affected by the temperature, the small amount of gas will be adsorbed and stored in the nanoporous network gap of the aerogel block 24 again, until the aerogel block 24 is affected by continuous high temperature, a large amount of flame retardant or inert gas inside the nanoporous network gap of the aerogel block 24 is released, and a large amount of gas is discharged from the cable. The opening 255 enters the isolation cover 251, and then the gas squeezes the L-shaped plate 253, causing it to move toward the bottom plate of the isolation cover 251. When the L-shaped plate 253 moves, the piston rod of the elastic telescopic rod 252 is pulled and moved, so that the sealing ball 254 at the end of the L-shaped plate 253 is away from the air guide hole 27, so that the released flame retardant or inert gas inflates the elastic cover 26 through the air guide hole 27, thereby achieving transition control of the small amount of gas released by the aerogel block 24 due to slight temperature influence, and preventing it from causing the cable surface to swell and affecting normal use and causing false alarms.

[0029] Reference Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment: a piston cavity 256 is respectively opened inside the two ends of the partition 22, a piston disc 257 is movably engaged inside the piston cavity 256, and an elastic rod 258 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the piston disc 257. Four elastic rods 258 are provided, and the four elastic rods 258 are distributed in a square shape on the side wall of the I-shaped sleeve 21. The piston discs 257 in adjacent I-shaped sleeves 21 are fixedly connected by the same elastic rod 258.

[0030] During use, when adjacent I-shaped sleeves 21 are fitted together, the two ends of the elastic rod 258 are completely retracted into the piston cavities 256 on the two connected I-shaped sleeves 21. At this time, the cable is in a straight state, and the I-shaped sleeves 21 on the same axis can provide protection for the inner core wire 1 of the cable. When the cable is bent, the adjacent I-shaped sleeves 21 are fitted based on one point, and the other end is expanded and separated like a fan. When the separated ends are separated, the elastic rod 258 is elastically bent, and the piston disk 257 at the end of the elastic rod 258 moves toward the end of the piston cavity 256 to cater to the bending of the cable. The elastic bending of the elastic rod 258 in turn provides reverse supporting stress to the inner core wire 1 to prevent the inner core wire 1 from excessive bending and breakage. At the same time, after the cable is bent, the negative pressure suction between the piston disk 257 and the piston cavity 256 is used to control the adjacent I-shaped sleeves 21 to fit again, thereby ensuring the straightness of the cable during use and avoiding waste caused by the curvature of the cable when it is laid and used.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 、 Figure 7and Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment: heat dissipation channels 259 are evenly spaced on the side walls of the ends of the I-shaped sleeves 21 between the elastic rods 258, the heat dissipation channels 259 on the side walls of adjacent I-shaped sleeves 21 are staggered, and a number of leaf plates 2591 are evenly spaced and fixedly connected between the inner walls on both sides of the heat dissipation channels 259, and the leaf plates 2591 are staggered.

[0032] During use, when adjacent I-shaped sleeves 21 fit together, gaps are created between the heat dissipation channels 259 staggered on the side walls of adjacent I-shaped sleeves 21, allowing air to circulate on both sides of the I-shaped sleeve 21, making it easier for the high temperature generated by the inner core wire 1 in the center of the cable to diffuse to the outer layer through the air passing through the heat dissipation channel 259, thereby ensuring the heat dissipation performance of the cable in a straight state. The staggered leaves 2591 between the inner walls of the heat dissipation channel 259 form a curved channel, which can prevent the flame from directly penetrating into the cable through the heat dissipation channel 259 to damage the inner core wire 1 even if the insulating sleeve 4 on the outside of the cable is damaged by flames. It can also ensure the normal heat dissipation function of the inner core wire 1 of the cable when the insulating sleeve 4 is intact, making it easy to use.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment: the insulating sleeve 4 includes a wear-resistant layer 41 that is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the retaining frame 2, the wear-resistant layer 41 is made of polyurethane refractory material, and the outside of the wear-resistant layer 41 is wrapped with an insulating layer 42, which is made of refractory insulating rubber, and the outside of the insulating layer 42 is wrapped with a thermochromic coating 43.

[0034] During use, the outermost thermochromic coating 43 changes color when affected by high temperature. When the local temperature of the cable is too high or it is burned by fire flames, it can generate an intuitive early warning to remind the staff. The inner insulation layer 42 and wear-resistant layer 41 provide insulation isolation and wear-resistant protection for the inner layer components of the cable, ensuring the normal and safe use of the cable.

[0035] The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the above description. Those skilled in the art can make various deformations and modifications to the above embodiments without departing from the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and these deformations and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flame retardant compartment type fireproof cable, characterized in that: The invention relates to a retaining frame (2) comprising an inner core wire (1) and a ring sleeve wrapped around the outer side of the inner core wire (1); a filler block (3) is filled in the gap between the inner core wire (1) and the retaining frame (2); an insulating sleeve (4) is wrapped around the outer ring sleeve of the retaining frame (2); the retaining frame (2) comprises an I-shaped sleeve (21) movably sleeved on the outer side of the inner core wire (1) and a partition (22) fixedly connected between the end side plates of the I-shaped sleeve (21) at uniform intervals; the partition (22) divides the outer wall of the I-shaped sleeve (21) into several A dry flame retardant cabin (23) is provided, wherein the flame retardant cabin (23) is filled with aerogel blocks (24), an annular flame retardant plate (25) is fixedly connected to the arcuate outer wall of the I-shaped sleeve (21), an elastic cover (26) is adhesively fixed to the outer wall of the annular flame retardant plate (25) at positions corresponding to the flame retardant cabin (23), aerogel particles are placed inside the elastic cover (26), an air guide hole (27) is opened on the annular flame retardant plate (25) in the elastic cover (26), and the air guide hole (27) is connected to the flame retardant cabin (23).

2. The flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler block (3) has a triangular prism structure, and the three surfaces of the filler block (3) parallel to the axis direction of the inner core line (1) are all arc surfaces. The I-shaped sleeve (21) is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the cylinder formed by splicing adjacent filler blocks (3).

3. The flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filler block (3) is evenly provided with air-permeable micropores (31), and the air-permeable micropores (31) are arranged perpendicular to the axis of the inner core wire (1).

4. The flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: An isolation cover (251) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular flame retardant plate (25) at a position corresponding to the air guide hole (27), and elastic telescopic rods (252) are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls of the annular flame retardant plate (25) on both sides inside the isolation cover (251). The elastic telescopic rods (252) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the air guide hole (27). The bottom of the elastic telescopic rod (252) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped plate (253), and the top of the end of the L-shaped plate (253) is fixedly connected to a sealing ball (254). Communication ports (255) are respectively opened on the outer walls of both sides of the isolation cover (251).

5. The flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: The communication port (255) is provided above the L-shaped plate (253); when the annular flame-retardant plate (25) is sealed on the outside of the flame-retardant cabin (23), the end of the isolation cover (251) is suspended in the inner cavity of the flame-retardant cabin (23) outside the aerogel block (24).

6. The flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic telescopic rod (252) consists of an air cylinder and a piston rod. The air cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular flame retardant plate (25). The piston rod is movably sleeved in the air cylinder. The lower end of the piston rod extends through the bottom of the air cylinder and is fixedly connected to the top of the L-shaped plate (253). The air cylinder cavity above the piston rod is a vacuum cavity.

7. The flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the piston rod is completely retracted inside the cylinder, the sealing ball (254) is movably engaged in the air guide hole (27), and the L-shaped plate (253) is suspended above the bottom plate of the isolation cover (251).

8. The flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: A piston cavity (256) is respectively provided inside the two ends of the partition (22), a piston disc (257) is movably engaged inside the piston cavity (256), an elastic rod (258) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the piston disc (257), and the piston discs (257) in adjacent I-shaped sleeves (21) are fixedly connected via the same elastic rod (258).

9. The flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable according to claim 8, characterized in that: Heat dissipation channels (259) are evenly spaced apart on the side walls of the ends of the I-shaped sleeves (21) between the elastic rods (258), and a plurality of leaf plates (2591) are evenly spaced apart and fixedly connected to the inner walls on both sides of the heat dissipation channels (259), and the leaf plates (2591) are staggeredly arranged.

10. The flame-retardant compartment-type fireproof cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insulating sleeve (4) comprises a wear-resistant layer (41) movably sleeved on the outer wall of the retaining frame (2), an insulating layer (42) is provided on the outside of the wear-resistant layer (41), and a thermochromic coating (43) is provided on the outside of the insulating layer (42).

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