Main shaft system and vertical gear machine tool

Abstract

The invention relates to a main shaft system and a vertical gear machine tool. The main shaft system comprises a stand column and a vertical main shaft integration device installed on the stand column. The vertical main shaft integration device comprises a lifting bearing seat, a main shaft assembly, a main shaft driving unit and an auxiliary function unit. The lifting bearing seat comprises an upper containing space jointly defined by a horizontal extension platform, a back expansion plate and side plates located on the two sides. The center of the horizontal extension platform is provided with a main shaft installation part which overhangs downwards, the main shaft assembly is installed on the main shaft installation part, and the main shaft driving unit and the auxiliary function unit are both located in the upper containing space and arranged beside the main shaft installation part in a staggered mode; in the X-axis direction, the lifting bearing base is divided into a left side area and a right side area with the spindle mounting part as the weight symmetry center, and the weight of the left side area and the weight of the right side area are balanced. The spindle system is convenient to maintain and balanced in weight distribution, and the dynamic performance of movement of a grinding wheel or a cutter can be improved conveniently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machine tools, in particular to a spindle system of a machine tool and also to a vertical gear machine tool provided with the spindle system. Background Art

[0002] A vertical machine tool is one in which the tool spindle or grinding wheel spindle is arranged vertically. The advantage of a vertical spindle layout is that the spindle is less affected by gravity in the radial direction.

[0003] For example, the vibration of the grinding wheel is mainly related to the imbalance of the rotating part of the spindle, which is mainly manifested in the radial direction. The imbalance calculation formula is U=m×r, where m is the unbalanced mass and r is the radius of the center of gravity of the unbalanced mass. The force generated by the imbalance and the gravity of the spindle act together, which can easily cause the spindle to resonate. Therefore, vertical machine tools have unique advantages in reducing vibration of machine tools.

[0004] However, for machine tools with more functional accessories, such as a gear processing machine tool with application number 2021220034970, the spindle drive unit and auxiliary function unit are installed on the periphery of the spindle. These units are arranged on the periphery of the spindle in an additional form and separated from the spindle by a partition plate. The spindle system with this layout is difficult to install and maintain, and the weight of the spindle system is not reasonably distributed, which affects the lifting and horizontal accuracy of the spindle, and causes the imbalance of the rotating part of the spindle to increase, thereby affecting the dynamic performance of the grinding wheel or tool movement, making it difficult for the machine tool to meet the use requirements of high processing accuracy and processing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a spindle system to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide a vertical gear machine tool equipped with the spindle system.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a spindle system comprising: pillars; The lifting support seat includes a horizontal extension platform and a back expansion plate; the back expansion plate is mounted on the column via a Z-axis guide rail to enable the lifting support seat to be lifted and lowered along the Z-axis; the horizontal extension platform is perpendicular to the back expansion plate and forms an upper accommodation space; a main shaft mounting portion is provided at the center of the horizontal extension platform and cantilevers downward; a main shaft assembly, mounted on the main shaft mounting portion, wherein a power input end of the main shaft assembly extends to the upper accommodation space; A main shaft drive unit is located in the upper accommodating space and is arranged beside the power input end, and the main shaft drive unit is connected to the power input end through a transmission mechanism; an auxiliary function unit, partially located in the upper accommodation space and disposed beside the power input end, the auxiliary function unit having a component passing through the horizontal extension platform, and a hole in the horizontal extension platform for the component to pass through; Along the Y-axis direction, the lifting bearing seat is divided into a left area and a right area with the main shaft mounting portion as the weight symmetry center, and the weight of the left area and the right area is balanced.

[0008] Optionally, the spindle drive unit is installed in the left area, and the spindle drive unit includes a spindle motor and an eccentric spindle motor, and the spindle motor and the eccentric spindle motor are spaced apart along the Y-axis direction; The auxiliary function unit is installed in the right area, and the auxiliary function unit includes a cooling nozzle follower unit and an online measurement unit. The cooling nozzle follower unit and the online measurement unit are arranged at intervals along the Y-axis direction.

[0009] Optionally, along the X-axis direction, the lifting bearing seat is divided into an inner area and an outer area with the spindle mounting portion as the weight symmetry center; The weight of the spindle motor is greater than the weight of the eccentric spindle motor, the spindle motor is installed in the inner area, and the eccentric spindle motor is installed in the outer area; The weight of the cooling nozzle follower unit is greater than the weight of the online measurement unit. The online measurement unit is installed in the inner area, and the cooling nozzle follower unit is installed in the outer area.

[0010] Optionally, along the X-axis direction, the lifting bearing seat is divided into an inner area and an outer area with the spindle mounting portion as the weight symmetry center; The spindle drive unit is installed in the inner area, the spindle drive unit includes a spindle motor and an eccentric spindle motor, the weight of the spindle motor is greater than the weight of the eccentric spindle motor, the spindle motor is installed in the left area, and the eccentric spindle motor is installed in the right area; The auxiliary function unit is installed in the outer area, and the auxiliary function unit includes a cooling nozzle follower unit and an online measurement unit. The weight of the cooling nozzle follower unit is greater than the weight of the online measurement unit. The online measurement unit is installed in the left area, and the cooling nozzle follower unit is installed in the right area.

[0011] Optionally, the lifting bearing seat further includes a first side plate and a second side plate, the first side plate is arranged in the left area, the second side plate is arranged in the right area, and the horizontal extension platform, the back expansion plate, the first side plate, and the second side plate jointly constitute the upper accommodation space; The horizontal extension platform, the back expansion plate, the first side plate, the second side plate and the main shaft mounting portion are connected to form an integrated structure.

[0012] Optionally, the horizontal extension platform, back expansion plate, side plate and main shaft mounting portion are integrally formed castings.

[0013] Optionally, from top to bottom along the Z-axis direction, the widths of the first side plate and the second side plate in the Y-axis direction gradually increase, and weight-reducing holes are provided in the middle of the first side plate and the second side plate.

[0014] Optionally, the back expansion plate is provided with a longitudinal main rib plate, and the main rib plate is provided in the right area; the auxiliary function unit includes an online measurement unit, and the online measurement unit is provided between the main rib plate and the second side plate; The back expansion plate is further provided with crisscrossed secondary ribs, and the secondary ribs are arranged between the main ribs and the first side plate; The main rib plate is higher than the secondary rib plate.

[0015] Optionally, the Z-axis guide rail includes a first Z-axis guide rail and a second Z-axis guide rail parallel to each other. In the X direction, the first Z-axis guide rail is located on the inner side of the first side plate, and the second Z-axis guide rail is located on the inner side of the second side plate.

[0016] Optionally, the width of the horizontal extension platform and the back expansion plate is 700 mm to 1200 mm; the distance between the first Z-axis guide rail and the first side plate and the distance between the second Z-axis guide rail and the second side plate are both less than or equal to 150 mm.

[0017] Optionally, the lifting bearing seat further includes a thickened portion, the thickened portion is connected to the spindle mounting portion as an integral structure, and is arranged on a side of the horizontal extension platform close to the column; A distance L1 between the lower surface of the horizontal extension platform and the lower end surface of the main shaft mounting portion is greater than a distance L2 between the lower surface of the thickened portion and the lower end surface of the main shaft mounting portion.

[0018] Optionally, the outer diameter of the spindle mounting portion decreases from top to bottom along the Z-axis direction; The main shaft assembly includes a main body and an annular flange. The main body is located between the power input end and the annular flange. The main body is inserted into the main shaft mounting portion. The annular flange abuts against the lower end surface of the main shaft mounting portion.

[0019] Optionally, a first sealing ring is provided between the main body of the main shaft assembly and the inner wall of the upper port of the cavity, and a second sealing ring is provided between the main body of the main shaft assembly and the inner wall of the lower port of the cavity.

[0020] Optionally, the main body of the spindle assembly has a reduced diameter section with a diameter smaller than that of its two ends, and the outer peripheral surface of the reduced diameter section is provided with a spiral protrusion, and a spiral liquid cooling groove is formed between the spiral protrusion and the inner wall of the cavity, and one end of the spiral liquid cooling groove is connected to the liquid inlet port, and the other end is connected to the liquid outlet port.

[0021] Optionally, the spindle drive unit includes a spindle motor, which is installed at a position deviated from the axis of the spindle assembly and is connected to the rotational power input end of the spindle assembly through a first transmission mechanism; the part of the auxiliary function unit located within the upper accommodating space is installed at a position deviated from the other side of the axis of the spindle assembly.

[0022] Optionally, the spindle motor is vertically arranged, with its power output end facing the horizontal extension platform and connected to the rotational power input end of the spindle assembly through a spindle drive belt mechanism to drive the spindle to rotate.

[0023] Optionally, the spindle assembly includes an eccentric spindle, and the spindle drive unit includes an eccentric spindle motor; the eccentric spindle motor is staggered and arranged beside the power input end and is connected to the eccentric power input end of the eccentric spindle through a second transmission mechanism, and the eccentric power input end of the eccentric spindle is positioned higher than the horizontal extension platform and lower than the rotational power input end.

[0024] Optionally, the eccentric spindle motor is vertically arranged, with its power output end facing the horizontal extension platform and connected to the eccentric power input end of the eccentric spindle through an eccentric spindle transmission belt mechanism to drive the eccentric spindle to rotate.

[0025] Optionally, the eccentric spindle motor is located inside the upper accommodating space on a side where the spindle motor is located, or the eccentric spindle motor is located inside the upper accommodating space on a side where the auxiliary function unit is located.

[0026] Optionally, the auxiliary function unit includes a cooling nozzle follower unit and / or an online measurement unit.

[0027] Optionally, the cooling nozzle follower unit includes a cooling nozzle follower motor and a cooling nozzle, the cooling nozzle is located below the horizontal extension platform, the cooling nozzle follower motor is connected to the cooling nozzle through a screw transmission mechanism to adjust the upper and lower positions of the cooling nozzle according to the axial size of the grinding wheel or tool; the cooling nozzle is provided with a lifting connecting rod, and the horizontal extension platform is provided with a first hole for the lifting connecting rod to pass through. Optionally, the auxiliary function unit includes an online measurement unit; the online measurement unit includes an online measurement drive cylinder and a detection mechanism, the online measurement drive cylinder is used to drive the detection mechanism to extend so as to complete the online measurement of the workpiece, and is used to drive the detection mechanism to retract after the measurement is completed, and the horizontal extension platform is provided with a second hole for the online measurement unit to pass through when it is extended and retracted.

[0028] To achieve the above-mentioned other object, the present invention provides a vertical gear machine tool, comprising a spindle system provided with a grinding wheel or a tool, wherein the spindle system is any one of the spindle systems described above.

[0029] The spindle system provided by the present invention is designed with a new lifting bearing seat, which is mainly composed of a horizontal extension platform, a back expansion plate, and a spindle mounting portion cantilevered downward from the lower surface of the horizontal extension platform. The entire lifting bearing seat is divided into two upper and lower installation areas with the horizontal extension platform as the boundary. The spindle assembly is installed in the lower cavity formed by the spindle mounting portion, and the spindle drive unit and the auxiliary function unit are installed in the upper accommodating space constructed by the horizontal extension platform and the back expansion plate.

[0030] Due to the partitioned installation, the upper and lower installation areas are relatively independent, and the horizontal extension platform of the upper installation area can be further extended and expanded in the X and Y directions, so that it has a large enough area to leave space for installing the spindle drive unit and other important auxiliary functional units, thereby facilitating the connection and maintenance of the spindle drive unit and the spindle assembly, as well as the installation and maintenance of the auxiliary functional units; moreover, the staggered arrangement of the power input ends of the spindle drive unit and the spindle assembly effectively solves the problem of reasonable layout of the functional components of the whole machine and reasonably distributes the weight of each unit. While increasing the spindle rigidity and reducing the difficulty of spindle manufacturing, it can also improve the lifting and horizontal accuracy of the spindle, reduce the imbalance of the rotating part of the spindle, and improve the dynamic performance of the grinding wheel or tool movement, thereby improving the processing accuracy and processing efficiency.

[0031] The vertical gear machine provided by the present invention is provided with the spindle system. Since the spindle system has the above-mentioned technical effects, the vertical gear machine provided with the spindle system should also have corresponding technical effects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which: Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a spindle system provided in a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Axonometric view of the vertical spindle integrated device shown in; Figure 3 for Figure 1 An axonometric drawing of the vertical spindle integrated device shown in FIG. 1 from another perspective; Figure 4 for Figure 2 An axonometric cutaway diagram of a vertical spindle integrated device is shown; Figure 5 for Figure 2 A planar sectional view of the vertical spindle integrated device shown; Figure 6 A comparative diagram showing how the width of the horizontal extension platform can be reduced compared to a staggered spindle motor arrangement and a coaxial arrangement.

[0033] Figure Number: 10. Bed; 20. Slide; 30. Column; 40. Vertical spindle assembly; 50. X-axis guide rail; 60. Y-axis guide rail; 70. Z-axis guide rail; 71. First Z-axis guide rail; 72. Second Z-axis guide rail; 73. Z-axis drive motor; 74. Z-axis lead screw; 41. Lifting support; 411. Horizontal extension platform; 412. Back expansion plate; 4121. Secondary rib plate; 4123. Main rib plate; 413. First side plate; 414. Second side plate; 415. Spindle mounting; 416. Spindle drive belt mechanism; 4161. Spindle pulley; 417. Eccentric spindle drive belt mechanism; 4171. Eccentric spindle pulley; 418. First hole position; 419. Second hole position; 42. Spindle assembly; 421 .Rotational power input end; 422. Eccentric power input end; 423. Main body; 424. Annular flange; 425. Reduced diameter section; 426. Spiral protrusion; 427. Spiral liquid cooling groove; 428. First sealing ring; 429. Second sealing ring; 43. Spindle drive unit; 431. Spindle motor; 432. Eccentric spindle motor; 44. Auxiliary function unit; 441. Cooling nozzle follower unit; 4411. Cooling nozzle follower motor; 4412. Cooling nozzle; 4413. Screw transmission mechanism; 4414. Lifting rod; 4415. Cooling lifting slide rail; 442. Online measurement unit; 4421. Online measurement drive cylinder; A. Mounting guide surface; B. Thickened part; C. First step; D. Second step. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as the orientation or positional relationship indicated by up, down, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" refers to more than two. The use of "first" or "second" is solely for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0038] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a spindle system provided in an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Axonometric view of the vertical spindle integrated device shown in; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Axonometric drawing of the vertical spindle integration device shown in another perspective.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, in a specific embodiment, the spindle system provided by the present invention is mainly composed of a bed 10, a slide 20, a column 30 and a vertical spindle integrated device 40.

[0040] The slide 20 is installed above the bed 10 through the X-axis guide rail 50, and the slide 20 can move laterally in the X direction relative to the bed 10; the column 30 is installed above the slide 20 through the Y-axis guide rail 60, and the column 30 can move forward and backward in the Y direction relative to the slide 20; the vertical spindle integration device 40 is installed on the front side of the column 30 through the Z-axis guide rail 70, and can move up and down in the Z-axis direction relative to the column 30.

[0041] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, the vertical spindle integration device 40 is mainly composed of a lifting support base 41, a spindle assembly 42, a spindle drive unit 43 and an auxiliary function unit 44, wherein the lifting support base 41 has a horizontal extension platform 411, a back expansion plate 412 and a first side plate 413 and a second side plate 414 located on both sides.

[0042] The horizontal extension platform 411 and the back expansion plate 412 are generally rectangular, forming an L-shape in longitudinal cross-section. The back of the back expansion plate 412 is equipped with a lead screw nut and Z-axis sliders (not shown due to obstruction) located on either side of the lead screw nut. The Z-axis sliders slide in conjunction with the first and second parallel Z-axis guide rails 71, 72 on the column 30. The Z-axis drive motor 73, through the Z-axis lead screw 74 and the lead screw nut, drives the lift support 41 up and down. In the X-direction, the first Z-axis guide rail 71 is located on the inner side of the first side plate 413, and the second Z-axis guide rail 72 is located on the inner side of the second side plate 414. The Z-axis sliders slide in conjunction with the first and second parallel Z-axis guide rails 71, 72 on the column 30, enhancing the stability of the lift support 41 during its up and down movement.

[0043] Specifically, the width of the horizontal extension platform 411 and the back expansion plate 412 is 700mm to 1200mm, the first Z-axis guide rail 71 and the second Z-axis guide rail 72 are close to the first side plate 413 and the second side plate 414 respectively, and the distance between the first Z-axis guide rail 71 and the first side plate 413 and the distance between the second Z-axis guide rail 72 and the second side plate 414 are both less than or equal to 150mm.

[0044] The lateral projections of the first side panel 413 and the second side panel 414 are generally right-angled triangles, and their width gradually increases from top to bottom, so as to reduce the center of gravity and the overall weight of the lifting support 41. The first side panel 413 and the second side panel 414 are both provided with weight-reducing holes, and the shape of the weight-reducing holes can be set according to actual conditions, for example, they can be set to triangles, rectangles, etc.

[0045] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, the horizontal extension platform 411, the back expansion plate 412, the first side plate 413 and the second side plate 414 jointly construct an upper accommodating space, and the lower surface of the horizontal extension platform 411 is provided with a downwardly cantilevered spindle mounting portion 415 at the center position, and the spindle assembly 42 is mounted on the spindle mounting portion 415, and the power input end of the spindle assembly 42 extends into the upper accommodating space from the spindle mounting portion 415; the spindle drive unit 43 is located in the upper accommodating space, and is staggeredly arranged beside the power input end and is connected to the power input end through a transmission mechanism; the part of the auxiliary function unit 44 located within the upper accommodating space is located beside the power input end, and the auxiliary function unit 44 has a component that passes through the horizontal extension platform 411 and is connected to the part located outside the upper accommodating space, and the horizontal extension platform 411 is provided with a hole corresponding to the component passing through the horizontal extension platform 411.

[0046] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 4As shown, the spindle assembly 42 has an eccentric spindle, and the spindle drive unit 43 is provided with a spindle motor 431 and an eccentric spindle motor 432. The spindle motor 431 is vertically fixed to the horizontal extension platform 411 through a mounting seat, and its power output end faces the horizontal extension platform 411 and is connected to the rotational power input end 421 of the spindle assembly 42 through a spindle drive belt mechanism 416 to drive the spindle to rotate.

[0047] The eccentric power input end 422 of the eccentric main shaft is positioned higher than the horizontal extension platform 411 and lower than the rotating power input end 421. The eccentric main shaft motor 432 is vertically fixed to the horizontal extension platform 411 through a mounting base. Its power output end faces the horizontal extension platform 411 and is connected to the eccentric power input end 422 of the eccentric main shaft through an eccentric main shaft transmission belt mechanism 417 to drive the eccentric main shaft to rotate.

[0048] The main shaft drive belt mechanism 416 has a main shaft pulley 4161 provided at the rotational power input end 421 of the main shaft assembly, and the eccentric main shaft drive belt mechanism 417 has an eccentric main shaft pulley 4171 provided at the eccentric power input end 422 of the main shaft assembly. The main shaft pulley 4161 is located above the eccentric main shaft pulley 4171. Due to practical needs, the diameter of the eccentric main shaft pulley 4171 is larger than the main shaft pulley 4161, and the width of the main shaft drive belt 4161 is larger than the width of the eccentric main shaft pulley 4171.

[0049] The number and type of auxiliary function units 44 can be increased or decreased according to the different requirements of the machine tool. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, there are two auxiliary function units 44, namely the cooling nozzle follower unit 441 and the online measurement unit 442. The cooling nozzle follower unit 441 and the online measurement unit 442 are located in the upper accommodating space and are installed at a position deviating from the axis of the main shaft assembly 42.

[0050] The cooling nozzle follower unit 441 is provided with a cooling nozzle follower motor 4411 and a cooling nozzle 4412. The cooling nozzle 4412 is located below the horizontal extension platform 411. The cooling nozzle follower motor 4411 is vertically fixed to the inner side of the second side plate 414 through a lateral mounting plate. There is a certain distance between its power output end and the horizontal extension platform 411, and it is connected to the lifting rod 4414 of the cooling nozzle 4412 through a screw transmission mechanism 4413 to adjust the upper and lower positions of the cooling nozzle 4412 according to the axial size of the grinding wheel or tool.

[0051] A cooling lifting rail 4415 is fixed to the inner side of the second side plate 414. The nut component of the screw transmission mechanism 4413 slides up and down with the cooling lifting rail 4415 through the cooling lifting slider. The lifting rod 4414 is fixed to one side of the nut component. The horizontal extension platform 411 is provided with a first hole 418 for the lifting rod 4414 to pass through. The lifting rod 4414 can move up and down along the first hole 418, and a corresponding coolant flow path can be designed inside it to supply coolant to the cooling nozzle 4412.

[0052] Taking the grinding wheel as an example, during operation, as the grinding wheel is used and dressed, its axial size becomes smaller. In order to prevent the cooling nozzle 4412 from interfering with the workpiece and to achieve a better cooling effect, the cooling nozzle follower motor 4411 drives the cooling nozzle 4412 through the screw transmission mechanism 4413 to make corresponding adjustments upward according to the axial size of the grinding wheel.

[0053] The online measurement unit 442 is provided with an online measurement drive cylinder 4421 and a detection mechanism. The online measurement drive cylinder 4421 is a vertically arranged cylinder with its piston rod facing upward and fixed to the back expansion plate 412. The piston cylinder can move up and down relative to the piston rod. The detection mechanism is installed at the lower end of the piston cylinder. The online measurement drive cylinder 4421 can drive the detection mechanism to extend through telescoping to complete the online measurement of the workpiece, and can drive the detection mechanism to retract after the measurement is completed. The horizontal extension platform 411 is provided with a second hole 419 for the online measurement drive cylinder 4421 to pass through when extending and retracting.

[0054] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, the lifting support 41 is divided into a left area and a right area with the spindle mounting portion 415 as the weight symmetry center, and the weight of the left area and the right area is balanced; for example, if the weight of the spindle drive unit 43 and the auxiliary function unit 44 are basically the same, the spindle drive unit 43 can be set in the left area and the auxiliary function unit 44 can be set in the right area, or the spindle drive unit 43 can be set in the right area and the auxiliary function unit 44 can be set in the left area.

[0055] Taking the example of setting the spindle drive unit 43 in the left area and the auxiliary function unit 44 in the right area, in order to further balance the weight at each position of the lifting support base 41 and thereby improve the stability of the lifting support base 41, the spindle motor 431 and the eccentric spindle motor 432 can be set at intervals along the Y-axis direction. Similarly, the cooling nozzle follower unit 441 and the online measurement unit 442 can be set at intervals along the Y-axis direction.

[0056] Specifically, along the X-axis direction, the lifting support base 41 is divided into an inner area and an outer area with the spindle mounting portion 415 as the weight symmetry center. When the weight of the spindle motor 431 is greater than the weight of the eccentric spindle motor 432, and the weight of the cooling nozzle follower unit 441 is greater than the weight of the online measurement unit 442, if the spindle motor 431 is installed in the inner area and the eccentric spindle motor 432 is installed in the outer area, the online measurement unit 442 is installed in the inner area and the cooling nozzle follower unit 441 is installed in the outer area, so as to achieve weight balance between the inner area and the outer area of ​​the lifting support base 41.

[0057] It should be noted that in a specific actual product, the subunits of the main spindle drive unit 43 and the auxiliary function unit 44 are optimized with weight balance at various positions of the lifting support 41 as the first priority. For example, in another embodiment of the present application, when the weight of the main spindle drive unit 43 and the auxiliary function unit 44 are substantially the same, the main spindle drive unit 43 is arranged in the inner area and the auxiliary function unit 44 is arranged in the outer area, or the main spindle drive unit 43 is arranged in the outer area and the auxiliary function unit 44 is arranged in the inner area.

[0058] Furthermore, when the weight of the spindle motor 431 is greater than the weight of the eccentric spindle motor 432, and the weight of the cooling nozzle follower unit 441 is greater than the weight of the online measurement unit 442, if the spindle motor 431 is installed in the left area and the eccentric spindle motor 432 is installed in the right area, then the online measurement unit 442 is installed in the left area and the cooling nozzle follower unit 441 is installed in the right area, and vice versa, so as to achieve weight balance between the left and right areas of the lifting support 41.

[0059] It can be understood that in other embodiments, if the volume and weight of the spindle motor 431 are large, the spindle motor 43 can be arranged alone in the left area inside the lowering support base 41, and the eccentric spindle motor 432 and the auxiliary function unit 44 are located in the right area. Alternatively, the spindle motor 431 is located in the right area inside the lifting support base 41, and the eccentric spindle motor 432 and the auxiliary function unit 44 are located in the left area.

[0060] In summary, the spindle motor 431 and the eccentric spindle motor 432 of this embodiment are both installed on the outside of the spindle assembly 42. According to conventional knowledge, the coaxial arrangement of the spindle motor 431 and the spindle assembly 42 will be more compact and save more space. However, in the embodiment of the present application, the staggered layout can achieve more space saving than the coaxial arrangement. Figure 6As shown, if the spindle motor 431 and the spindle assembly 42 are arranged coaxially, the installation space of the eccentric spindle motor 432 and the auxiliary function unit 44 will inevitably be squeezed, and the width of the lifting support seat 41 will eventually be L6; on the contrary, when the spindle motor 431 and the spindle assembly 42 are staggered, the width of the lifting support seat 41 can be made smaller L5, and the difference between the two ΔL=L6-L5.

[0061] In addition, the spindle motor 431 and the spindle assembly 42 are staggered. Compared with the coaxial arrangement of the spindle motor 431 and the spindle assembly 42, the staggered arrangement can reduce the performance requirements of the spindle motor 431 and the eccentric spindle motor 432, thereby reducing manufacturing costs; moreover, the various components can be arranged more flexibly so that the weight carried by the left and right areas, the inner and outer areas of the lifting support seat 41 can be balanced as much as possible, thereby improving the stability of the up and down movement of the lifting support seat 41, and making the structural layout more compact while maintaining weight balance, thereby controlling the width of the lifting support seat 41 within a reasonable range, avoiding the problem of the lifting support seat 41 being too wide or too large due to the spindle drive unit 43 and the auxiliary function unit 44 being arranged inside the lifting support seat 41 at the same time.

[0062] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, the inner surface of the back expansion plate 412 is provided with crisscrossed secondary ribs 4121 and a longitudinal main rib 4123. The main rib 4123 is higher than the secondary rib 4121 and is biased toward the center of the back expansion plate 412 relative to the spindle motor 431. For example, as shown in 2, Figure 3 As shown, the main rib 4123 is located in the right area. A longitudinal channel is formed between the main rib 4123 and the second side plate 414, which can be used to install the online measurement drive cylinder 4421 of the online measurement unit 442; the secondary rib 4121 is located between the main rib 4123 and the first side plate 413.

[0063] Compared with the method of setting the main rib plate 4123 at the center position, the offset main rib plate 4123 can make full use of the internal space of the lifting support seat 41 so that it does not interfere with the spindle mounting part 415; the main rib plate 4123 and the secondary rib plate 4121 cooperate with each other to ensure the rigidity and structural strength of the lifting support seat 41, thereby improving the dynamic performance of the grinding wheel or tool movement; the height of the main rib plate 4123 is greater than the secondary rib plate 4121, which is convenient for the installation of the online measurement unit 442, and can avoid the height of the secondary rib plate 4121 being too large to squeeze the upper accommodation space, affecting the structural compactness and stability of the vertical spindle integrated device 40.

[0064] In this embodiment, referring to Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, Figure 4for Figure 2 An axonometric cutaway diagram of a vertical spindle integrated device is shown; Figure 5 for Figure 2 A planar cross-sectional view of a vertical spindle assembly is shown. The spindle mounting portion 415 is in the shape of an inverted hollow frustum, with a larger outer diameter at its upper end than at its lower end. The spindle mounting portion 415 comprises a cavity for accommodating the main body 423 of the spindle assembly 42. The main body 423 of the spindle assembly 42 is provided with an annular flange 424 near its lower end. The spindle assembly 42 is installed from bottom to top into the spindle mounting portion 415, where it abuts against the lower end surface of the spindle mounting portion 415 via the annular flange 424. To facilitate installation, the main body 423 of the spindle assembly 42 is provided with a tapered mounting guide surface A at its upper end.

[0065] The axial projection area of ​​the horizontal extension platform 411 is larger than the axial projection area of ​​the spindle mounting portion 415. The axial projection of the spindle mounting portion 415 is located inside the axial projection of the horizontal extension platform 411. The horizontal extension platform 411 has a portion that further extends outward along the X direction and the Y direction while being sufficient to set the spindle mounting portion 415, thereby obtaining a larger area.

[0066] The main body 423 of the spindle assembly 42 has a reduced diameter section 425 with a smaller diameter than its two ends. The outer circumference of this section 425 is provided with a spiral protrusion 426. A spiral liquid cooling groove 427 is formed between this protrusion 426 and the inner wall of the cavity. One end of this spiral cooling groove 427 is connected to the liquid inlet port, and the other end is connected to the liquid outlet port. When coolant enters this spiral cooling groove 427 from the liquid inlet port, it flows along the spiral channel defined by this groove 427, exchanging heat with the spindle assembly 42 along the way before exiting through the liquid outlet port, thereby cooling the spindle assembly 42.

[0067] In order to ensure the sealing performance, two first sealing rings 428 are provided between the main body 423 of the main shaft assembly 42 and the inner wall of the upper port of the cavity, and the second sealing ring 428 is installed in the sealing groove on the inner wall of the cavity. A second sealing ring 429 is provided between the main body 423 of the main shaft assembly 42 and the inner wall of the lower port of the cavity, and the second sealing ring 429 is installed in the sealing groove on the outer wall of the main shaft assembly 42.

[0068] In this embodiment, the horizontal extension platform 411, the back expansion plate 412, the first side plate 413, the second side plate 414 and the main shaft mounting portion 415 are connected as an integral structure, for example, an integrally formed casting; the main shaft mounting portion 415 and the lifting support seat 41 are integrally formed, which can improve manufacturing efficiency, reduce manufacturing costs, and at the same time improve the stability of the main shaft mounting portion 415, thereby improving the stability of the main shaft assembly 42.

[0069] Further, refer to Figure 5As shown, the rear side of the horizontal extension platform 411 is provided with a thickened portion B. The distance L1 between the lower surface of the front side of the horizontal extension platform 411 and the lower end surface of the spindle mounting portion 415 is greater than the distance L2 between the lower surface of the thickened portion B and the lower end surface of the spindle mounting portion 415. The provision of the thickened portion B can change the overall center of gravity of the lift support 41, making the center of gravity of the lift support 41 lower and closer to the column 30, thereby improving the stability of the lift support 41 during lifting, and thus improving the stability of the spindle assembly 42.

[0070] In this embodiment, in order to further improve the structural strength of the lifting bearing seat 41, the front side of the main shaft mounting part 415 transitions to the lower surface of the front side of the horizontal extension platform 411 through the first step C, and the rear side of the main shaft mounting part 415 transitions to the lower surface of the thickened part B through the second step D. The distance L3 between the first step C and the lower end surface of the main shaft mounting part 415 is greater than the distance L4 between the second step D and the lower end surface of the main shaft mounting part 415.

[0071] The above embodiment is merely a preferred solution of the present invention and is not intended to be limiting. Based on this, targeted adjustments can be made according to actual needs to achieve different implementations. For example, in addition to using a belt mechanism to drive the spindle assembly 42, other drive methods can also be used. Alternatively, the cooling nozzle follower unit 441 can be manually adjusted, or the online measurement unit 442 can be driven by a cylinder or other telescopic or rotating component. Due to the numerous possible implementation methods, we will not illustrate them one by one here.

[0072] The spindle system provided by the present invention has a lifting support seat 41 whose interior can reserve space for installing the spindle drive unit 43 and other important auxiliary function units 44, so that the spindle drive unit 43 and the auxiliary function unit 44 do not need to be installed on the outside, which facilitates the installation and maintenance of the spindle drive unit 43 and the auxiliary function unit 44; by reasonably arranging the positions of the spindle drive unit 43 and the auxiliary function unit 44 on the lifting support seat 41, the weight balance at each position of the lifting support seat 41 is ensured, which can improve the dynamic performance of the grinding wheel or tool movement, thereby improving the processing accuracy and processing efficiency.

[0073] In addition to the above-mentioned spindle system, the present invention also provides a vertical gear machine tool, which can specifically be a gear grinding machine tool or a gear milling machine tool, which has a spindle system for installing a grinding wheel or a tool, and the spindle system is the spindle system described above. Regarding the remaining structure of the vertical gear machine tool, please refer to the existing technology and will not be repeated in this article.

[0074] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge of ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spindle system, characterized in that: include: pillars; The lifting support seat includes a horizontal extension platform and a back expansion plate; the back expansion plate is mounted on the column via a Z-axis guide rail to enable the lifting support seat to be lifted and lowered along the Z-axis; the horizontal extension platform is perpendicular to the back expansion plate and forms an upper accommodation space; a main shaft mounting portion is provided at the center of the horizontal extension platform and cantilevers downward; a main shaft assembly, mounted on the main shaft mounting portion, wherein a power input end of the main shaft assembly extends to the upper accommodation space; A main shaft drive unit is located in the upper accommodating space and is arranged beside the power input end, and the main shaft drive unit is connected to the power input end through a transmission mechanism; an auxiliary function unit, partially located in the upper accommodation space and disposed beside the power input end, the auxiliary function unit having a component passing through the horizontal extension platform, and a hole in the horizontal extension platform for the component to pass through; Along the Y-axis direction, the lifting bearing seat is divided into a left area and a right area with the main shaft mounting portion as the weight symmetry center, and the weight of the left area and the right area is balanced.

2. The spindle system according to claim 1, characterized in that The spindle drive unit is installed in the left area, and the spindle drive unit includes a spindle motor and an eccentric spindle motor, and the spindle motor and the eccentric spindle motor are spaced apart along the Y-axis direction; The auxiliary function unit is installed in the right area, and the auxiliary function unit includes a cooling nozzle follower unit and an online measurement unit. The cooling nozzle follower unit and the online measurement unit are arranged at intervals along the Y-axis direction.

3. The spindle system according to claim 2, characterized in that Along the X-axis direction, the lifting bearing seat is divided into an inner area and an outer area with the spindle mounting portion as the weight symmetry center; The weight of the spindle motor is greater than the weight of the eccentric spindle motor, the spindle motor is installed in the inner area, and the eccentric spindle motor is installed in the outer area; The weight of the cooling nozzle follower unit is greater than the weight of the online measurement unit. The online measurement unit is installed in the inner area, and the cooling nozzle follower unit is installed in the outer area.

4. The spindle system according to claim 1, characterized in that Along the X-axis direction, the lifting bearing seat is divided into an inner area and an outer area with the spindle mounting portion as the weight symmetry center; The spindle drive unit is installed in the inner area, the spindle drive unit includes a spindle motor and an eccentric spindle motor, the weight of the spindle motor is greater than the weight of the eccentric spindle motor, the spindle motor is installed in the left area, and the eccentric spindle motor is installed in the right area; The auxiliary function unit is installed in the outer area, and the auxiliary function unit includes a cooling nozzle follower unit and an online measurement unit. The weight of the cooling nozzle follower unit is greater than the weight of the online measurement unit. The online measurement unit is installed in the left area, and the cooling nozzle follower unit is installed in the right area.

5. The spindle system according to claim 1, characterized in that The lifting bearing seat further includes a first side plate and a second side plate, the first side plate is arranged in the left area, and the second side plate is arranged in the right area, and the horizontal extension platform, the back expansion plate, the first side plate, and the second side plate together constitute the upper accommodation space; The horizontal extension platform, the back expansion plate, the first side plate, the second side plate and the main shaft mounting portion are connected to form an integrated structure.

6. The spindle system according to claim 5, characterized in that From top to bottom along the Z-axis, the widths of the first side plate and the second side plate in the Y-axis direction gradually increase, and weight-reducing holes are provided in the middle of the first side plate and the second side plate.

7. The spindle system according to claim 5, characterized in that The back expansion plate is provided with a longitudinal main rib plate, and the main rib plate is arranged in the right area; the auxiliary function unit includes an online measurement unit, and the online measurement unit is arranged between the main rib plate and the second side plate; The back expansion plate is further provided with crisscrossed secondary ribs, and the secondary ribs are arranged between the main ribs and the first side plate; The main rib plate is higher than the secondary rib plate.

8. The spindle system according to claim 1, characterized in that The lifting bearing seat further includes a thickened portion, which is connected to the spindle mounting portion as an integral structure and is arranged on a side of the horizontal extension platform close to the column; A distance L1 between the lower surface of the horizontal extension platform and the lower end surface of the main shaft mounting portion is greater than a distance L2 between the lower surface of the thickened portion and the lower end surface of the main shaft mounting portion.

9. The spindle system according to any one of claims 1, characterized in that: From top to bottom along the Z-axis, the outer diameter of the spindle mounting portion decreases successively; The main shaft assembly includes a main body and an annular flange. The main body is located between the power input end and the annular flange. The main body is inserted into the main shaft mounting portion. The annular flange abuts against the lower end surface of the main shaft mounting portion.

10. A vertical gear machine tool comprising a spindle system equipped with a grinding wheel or a tool, characterized in that: The spindle system is the spindle system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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