Device and method for improving specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash
By treating coal gasified fly ash under a nitrogen atmosphere, using cyclone separation and multi-layer filtration to generate high-performance adsorbent materials, the problem of high carbon content of coal gasified fly ash is solved, and environmentally friendly and efficient resource utilization is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510721184.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-02
AI Technical Summary
The high carbon content of coal gasified fly ash produced by circulating fluidized bed coal gasification technology leads to environmental pollution and waste of resources. The existing water vapor activation methods consume a large amount of resources and have low carbon conversion.
The gasified fly ash is treated with calcined components and atmosphere components under nitrogen atmosphere. Through cyclone separation and multi-layer filtration, high-performance adsorbent materials are generated, reducing CO2 emissions and increasing specific surface area.
Effectively inhibit carbon oxidation reaction, reduce CO2 emissions, improve the structure and adsorption performance of fly ash, realize the recycling of resources, and reduce production costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN120573702A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of coal gasification fly ash treatment, and in particular to a device and method for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash. Background Art
[0002] Circulating fluidized bed coal gasification technology is widely used in industrial production, but the resulting gasification fly ash presents numerous challenges. Firstly, as a high-carbon industrial solid waste, large accumulations of fly ash not only occupy land resources but also pose environmental risks. Secondly, its high carbon content limits its use in the building materials sector. Currently, the primary treatment method is direct combustion, which results in significant CO2 emissions and wastes resources.
[0003] In the existing technology, fly ash is mainly treated by physical activation with water vapor. This method needs to be carried out at a high temperature of 1000°C, and the activation effect is best when the carbon conversion rate reaches 45%. This method not only has a high activation temperature and consumes a large amount of water vapor, but also discards nearly half of the fixed carbon, resulting in low resource utilization.
[0004] To this end, we propose a device and method for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash.
[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
[0007] A device for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash comprises: a gasification component, comprising a feed port and a gas inlet, for gasifying fine coal particles to generate a coal gas mixture; a cyclone separation component, the feed end of which is connected to the discharge end of the gasifier, for separating particulate matter and gas in the coal gas mixture; a dust removal component, the feed end of which is connected to the discharge end of the cyclone separation component, for filtering coal powder in the coal gas mixture; a calcination component, the feed end of which is connected to the discharge end of the dust removal component via a transmission component, for calcining fly ash filtered by the dust removal component; and an atmosphere component, which is connected to a calcination cavity in the calcination component, for providing a nitrogen atmosphere for the calcination component.
[0008] By setting up a calcination component and an atmosphere component, and introducing nitrogen into the calcination component, calcination is carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere, which can effectively inhibit carbon oxidation reactions and reduce CO2 emissions. At the same time, the coal gasification fly ash is converted into a high-performance adsorption material, realizing the circular economy goal of "using waste to treat pollution". The fly ash after calcination achieves a breakthrough improvement in structure and performance, which not only overcomes the high loss defect of fixed carbon in traditional technology, but also realizes the treatment of fly ash with a green and low-carbon process path. The resulting material has low production cost and excellent performance, and can replace traditional activated carbon in wastewater purification, waste gas treatment and heavy metal adsorption.
[0009] It is further defined that the gasification component also includes a gasification furnace tube, a fluidized bed, a furnace body outlet and a slag discharge port; the feed port is opened on the lower tube wall of the gasification furnace tube, the fluidized bed is arranged in the gasification furnace tube, the gas inlet is opened on the gasification furnace tube below the fluidized bed, the slag discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace tube and can be closed, and the furnace body outlet is opened at the top of the gasification furnace tube; granular coal particles are added through the feed port, and a gasifying agent composed of oxygen-enriched air and high-temperature steam is introduced through the gas inlet, and an oxidation-reduction reaction is carried out in the gasification furnace tube to generate a coal gas mixture, which is discharged from the furnace body outlet into the next equipment. The structure is simple and easy to use.
[0010] It is further defined that the cyclone separation assembly includes a first cyclone separator and a second cyclone separator, the first cyclone separator includes a first separation cylinder, a first inlet, a first outlet, a first air outlet, a return material and a semi-coke return pipe; the separation cylinder is conical and the bottom end is a small diameter section, the first inlet is opened on the upper side wall of the first separation cylinder, the first outlet is opened on the bottom end face of the first separation cylinder, the first air outlet is opened on the top end face of the first separation cylinder, the return material is arranged in the first outlet, the top end of the semi-coke return pipe is connected to the return material, and the bottom end is connected to the side wall of the gasification furnace tube.
[0011] By setting up the first cyclone separator and the second cyclone separator, the coal gas mixture discharged from the furnace body outlet enters the first inlet of the first cyclone separator along the tangent line to form an outward rotating airflow. The remaining semi-coke in the coal gas mixture returns to the gasification furnace tube from the semi-coke return pipe due to gravity to react again, so as to achieve a more thorough reaction. By setting up a two-stage cyclone separator, the coal gas mixture can be separated more thoroughly.
[0012] It is further defined that the second cyclone separator includes a second separation barrel, a second inlet, a second outlet and a second air outlet; the second separation barrel is also in the shape of a cone, and the bottom end is a small-diameter section, the second inlet is opened on the upper side wall of the second separation barrel, the second outlet is opened on the bottom end face of the second separation barrel, the second air outlet is opened on the top end face of the second separation barrel, and the first air outlet and the second inlet are connected by a pipeline; the coal gas mixture is subjected to secondary separation by the second cyclone separator, and the separated fly ash falls into the storage container due to gravity, and the lighter coal gas mixture is discharged from the second air outlet into the next equipment.
[0013] It is further defined that the dust removal assembly includes a clean air chamber, a filter chamber, an ash hopper, an air inlet, an exhaust port and a discharge port; the clean air chamber, the filter chamber and the ash hopper are connected and communicated in sequence from top to bottom, the air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the filter chamber, the exhaust port is opened on the side wall of the clean air chamber, the discharge port is opened at the bottom end of the ash hopper, the second air outlet and the air inlet are connected through a pipe, and the discharge port and the second air outlet are connected to the storage container through a pipe; the coal gas mixture is filtered again by the dust removal assembly, and the filtered fly ash enters the storage container from the discharge port, and the gas is discharged from the exhaust port. Multiple filtrations enable the fly ash in the coal gas mixture to be collected to the greatest extent.
[0014] It is further defined that the transmission assembly includes a feeding pipe, a feeding auger and a feeding motor; the discharge end of the storage container is connected to the feed end of the feeding pipe, the feeding auger is arranged in the feeding pipe, the feeding motor is arranged at one end of the feeding pipe, and the output shaft extends into the feeding pipe and is fixedly connected to the feeding auger.
[0015] It is further defined that the calcination assembly includes a calcination furnace body, a calcination furnace tube, a sealing cover, a loading platform, a screw push rod, a crucible, an atmosphere inlet and an atmosphere outlet; the calcination furnace body is covered on the circumference of the calcination furnace tube, the sealing cover is detachably connected to the calcination furnace tube, the loading platform is connected to the bottom of the calcination furnace tube through a screw push rod, the screw push rod and the bottom surface of the calcination furnace tube are threadedly connected to realize lifting and lowering, the crucible is arranged on the loading platform, the atmosphere inlet is opened on the sealing cover, and the atmosphere outlet is opened at the bottom of the calcination furnace body, and the discharge end of the feeding pipe is connected to the feed end at the top of the calcination furnace tube through a pipeline; by setting the calcination furnace body, fly ash is placed in the calcination furnace body for calcination, and a uniformly distributed mesoporous network will be formed inside the fly ash during the calcination process, which can significantly enhance its adsorption activity. The loading platform and the screw push rod are arranged to facilitate feeding and discharging.
[0016] It is further defined that the atmosphere component includes a nitrogen source container and a vent control valve; the air inlet end of the vent control valve is connected to the nitrogen source container, and the air outlet end is connected to the atmosphere inlet; by arranging the nitrogen source container and the vent control valve, during the calcination of fly ash, nitrogen is continuously introduced into the calcination furnace body to maintain a nitrogen atmosphere inside the calcination furnace body, and excess nitrogen is discharged from the atmosphere outlet of the calcination furnace body. The nitrogen atmosphere can effectively inhibit carbon oxidation reaction, reduce CO2 emissions, and be more environmentally friendly.
[0017] A fly ash treatment method, wherein the fly ash is treated by the above-mentioned device for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash, comprises the following steps:
[0018] S1. Raw coal particles are added to the fluidized bed through the feed port, and a gasifying agent is added to the gasifier tube through the gas inlet. The gasifier is turned on and a redox reaction is carried out at a temperature of 905°C-955°C and a pressure of 4-6 kPa to generate a gas mixture, which is then passed into the first cyclone separator;
[0019] S2. The first cyclone separator returns the unreacted semi-coke from the semi-coke return pipe to the gasifier for a cyclic reaction. The gasified fly ash enters the second cyclone separator from the first outlet of the first cyclone separator.
[0020] S3. The second cyclone separator further separates the gasified fly ash. The cyclone inlet linear velocity in the first and second cyclone separators is 12-25 m / s, the fly ash delivery capacity is 2 t / h, the separation temperature is 170°C, and the maximum working pressure does not exceed 0.2 MPa. A portion of the fly ash enters the storage container from the second outlet for storage, while the other portion enters the filter chamber in the dust removal assembly, which filters and removes the fly ash. The rated processing air volume is 7056 m 3 / h, the injection pressure is 0.4-0.6MpaG, and it operates under normal pressure. The gas is discharged from the exhaust port of the dust removal component, and the fly ash is also stored in the storage container from the ash hopper;
[0021] S4. The fly ash in the storage container is fed from the discharge end into the feed pipe of the transmission assembly, the feed motor is started to drive the feed auger to feed the fly ash into the calcining assembly, the feed motor speed is 1500r / min;
[0022] S5. Before starting the feeding motor, push the stage to the mouth of the calcining furnace tube by the screw push rod. After all the fly ash is sent into the crucible, lower the stage into the calcining furnace tube by the screw push rod, cover the sealing cover, start the ventilation control valve to introduce nitrogen into the calcining furnace tube, and then open the calcining assembly, start heating at a rate of 10℃ / min, and calcine the fly ash at a constant temperature at the target temperature for 2 hours, then cool it to room temperature, stop ventilation, and the target temperature is 50℃-900℃.
[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by setting up a calcination component and an atmosphere component, the fly ash that has undergone multi-layer filtration operation is calcined in an inert gas atmosphere, which can effectively suppress the emission of CO2 during the calcination process and effectively improve the structure and performance of the fly ash, making it more adsorbable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0024] Figure 1 It is a simple schematic diagram of the connection relationship of each device of the present invention.
[0025] The symbols of the components are as follows:
[0026] Gasification assembly 1, feed port 11, gas inlet 12, gasification furnace tube 13, fluidized bed 14, furnace body outlet 15, slag discharge port 16, cyclone separation assembly 2, first cyclone separator 21, first separation cylinder 211, first inlet 212, first outlet 213, first gas outlet 214, returner 215, semi-coke return pipe 216, second cyclone separator 22, second separation cylinder 221, second inlet 222, second outlet 223, second gas outlet 22 4. Dust removal component 3, clean air chamber 31, filter chamber 32, ash hopper 33, air inlet 34, exhaust port 35, discharge port 36, storage container 4, transmission component 5, feeding pipe 51, feeding auger 52, feeding motor 53, calcining component 6, calcining furnace body 61, calcining furnace tube 62, sealing cover 63, loading platform 64, screw push rod 65, crucible 66, atmosphere inlet 67, atmosphere outlet 68, atmosphere component 7, nitrogen source container 71, ventilation control valve 72. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concepts of the present invention are protected.
[0028] Example 1:
[0029] like Figure 1As shown, a device for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash includes a gasification component 1, a cyclone separation component 2, a dust removal component 3, a storage container 4, a transmission component 5, a calcination component 6 and an atmosphere component 7; the gasification component 1 is used to gasify fine coal particles to generate a coal gas mixture; the gasification component 1 includes a feed port 11, a gas inlet 12, a gasification furnace tube 13, a fluidized bed 14, a furnace body outlet 15 and a slag discharge port 16; the feed port 11 is opened on the lower section of the tube wall of the gasification furnace tube 13, the fluidized bed 14 is arranged in the gasification furnace tube 13, the gas inlet 12 is opened on the gasification furnace tube 13 below the fluidized bed 14, the slag discharge port 16 is arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace tube 13 and can be closed, and the furnace body outlet 15 is opened. Located at the top of the gasification furnace tube 13; the cyclone separation component 2 is used to separate the particulate matter and gas in the coal gas mixture; the cyclone separation component 2 includes a first cyclone separator 21 and a second cyclone separator 22, the first cyclone separator 21 includes a first separation cylinder 211, a first inlet 212, a first outlet 213, a first air outlet 214, a return device 215 and a semi-coke return pipe 216; the separation cylinder is conical and has a small diameter section at the bottom. The first inlet 212 is opened on the upper side wall of the first separation cylinder 211, the first outlet 213 is opened on the bottom end face of the first separation cylinder 211, the first air outlet 214 is opened on the top end face of the first separation cylinder 211, and the return device 215 is provided at the first In the outlet 213, the top of the semi-coke return pipe 216 is connected to the return device 215, and the bottom is connected to the side wall of the gasification furnace tube 13; the second cyclone separator 22 includes a second separation cylinder 221, a second inlet 222, a second outlet 223 and a second air outlet 224; the second separation cylinder 221 is also conical, and the bottom end is a small diameter section. The second inlet 222 is opened on the upper side wall of the second separation cylinder 221, the second outlet 223 is opened on the bottom end face of the second separation cylinder, and the second air outlet 224 is opened on the top end face of the second separation cylinder. The first air outlet 214 and the second inlet 222 are connected through a pipeline; the dust removal component 3 is used to filter the coal powder in the coal gas mixture; the dust removal component 3 includes a clean The air chamber 31, the filter chamber 32, the ash hopper 33, the air inlet 34, the exhaust port 35 and the discharge port 36; the clean air chamber 31, the filter chamber 32 and the ash hopper 33 are sequentially connected and communicated from top to bottom, the air inlet 34 is provided on the side wall of the filter chamber 32, the exhaust port 35 is provided on the side wall of the clean air chamber 31, the discharge port 36 is provided at the bottom end of the ash hopper 33, the second air outlet 224 and the air inlet 34 are communicated with each other through a pipe, and the discharge port 36 and the second air outlet 224 are connected to the storage container 4 through a pipe; the feed end of the calcining assembly 6 is connected to the discharge end of the dust removal assembly 3 through the transmission assembly 5, and the fly ash filtered out by the dust removal assembly 3 is calcined; the transmission assembly 5 includes a feeding pipe 51, a feeding auger 52 and a feeding motor 53;The discharge end of the storage container 4 is connected to the feed end of the feeding pipe 51, the feeding auger 52 is arranged in the feeding pipe 51, the feeding motor 53 is arranged at one end of the feeding pipe 51, and the output shaft extends into the feeding pipe 51 and is fixedly connected to the feeding auger 52; the calcining assembly 6 includes a calcining furnace body 61, a calcining furnace tube 62, a sealing cover 63, a loading platform 64, a screw push rod 65, a crucible 66, an atmosphere inlet 67 and an atmosphere outlet 68; the calcining furnace body 61 is covered on the circumference of the calcining furnace tube 62, the sealing cover 63 is detachably connected to the calcining furnace tube 62, and the loading platform 64 is connected to the calcining furnace tube 62 through the screw push rod 65. At the bottom of the calcining furnace tube 62, a screw push rod 65 is threadedly connected to the bottom surface of the calcining furnace tube 62 to enable lifting. A crucible 66 is placed on a stage 64. An atmosphere inlet 67 is provided on the sealing cover 63, and an atmosphere outlet 68 is provided at the bottom of the calcining furnace body 61. The discharge end of the feed pipe 51 is connected to the feed end at the top of the calcining furnace tube 62 via a pipe. The atmosphere assembly 7 is used to provide a nitrogen atmosphere for the calcining assembly 6. The atmosphere assembly 7 includes a nitrogen source container 71 and a vent control valve 72. The inlet end of the vent control valve 72 is connected to the nitrogen source container 71, and the outlet end is connected to the atmosphere inlet 67.
[0030] By setting up a calcination component 6 and an atmosphere component 7, nitrogen is introduced into the calcination component 6, so that the calcination is carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere, which can effectively inhibit the carbon oxidation reaction and reduce CO2 emissions. At the same time, the coal gasification fly ash is converted into a high-performance adsorption material, realizing the circular economy goal of "using waste to treat pollution". The fly ash after calcination achieves a breakthrough improvement in structure and performance, which not only overcomes the high loss defect of fixed carbon in traditional technology, but also realizes the treatment of fly ash with a green and low-carbon process path. The obtained material has low production cost and excellent performance, and can replace traditional activated carbon in wastewater purification, waste gas treatment and heavy metal adsorption and other fields; granular coal particles are added through the feed port 11, and a gasifying agent composed of oxygen-enriched air and high-temperature steam is introduced through the gas inlet 12. An oxidation-reduction reaction is carried out in the gasification furnace tube 13 to generate a coal gas mixture, and the coal gas mixture is discharged from the furnace body outlet 15 into the next device. The structure is simple and easy to use; by setting a first cyclone separator 21 and a second cyclone separator 22, the coal gas mixture discharged from the furnace body outlet 15 enters the first inlet 212 of the first cyclone separator 21 along a tangent to form an outward rotating airflow, and the remaining semi-coke in the coal gas mixture is returned to the gas from the semi-coke return pipe 216 due to gravity. The reaction is carried out again in the furnace tube 13 to make the reaction more thorough. By setting up a two-stage cyclone separator, the coal gas mixture can be separated more thoroughly; the coal gas mixture is separated for the second time by the second cyclone separator 22, and the separated fly ash falls into the storage container 4 due to gravity, and the lighter coal gas mixture is discharged from the second gas outlet 224 into the next device; the coal gas mixture is filtered again by the dust removal component 3, and the filtered fly ash enters the storage container 4 from the discharge port 36, and the gas is discharged from the exhaust port 35. Multiple filtrations can maximize the removal of fly ash in the coal gas mixture. collection; by setting up a calcining furnace body 61, fly ash is placed in the calcining furnace body 61 for calcination. During the calcination process, a uniformly distributed mesoporous network will be formed inside the fly ash, which can significantly enhance its adsorption activity. A stage 64 and a screw push rod 65 are provided to facilitate feeding and discharging; by setting up a nitrogen source container 71 and a ventilation control valve 72, during the process of calcining the fly ash, nitrogen is continuously introduced into the calcining furnace body 61 to maintain a nitrogen atmosphere inside the calcining furnace body, and excess nitrogen is discharged from the atmosphere outlet 68 of the calcining furnace body 61. The nitrogen atmosphere can effectively inhibit the carbon oxidation reaction, reduce CO2 emissions, and be more environmentally friendly.
[0031] A fly ash treatment method, wherein the fly ash is treated by the above-mentioned device for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash, comprises the following steps:
[0032] S1. Raw coal particles are added to the fluidized bed 14 through the feed port 11, and a gasifying agent is added to the gasifier tube 13 through the gas inlet 12. The gasifier is turned on to carry out an oxidation-reduction reaction at a temperature of 930°C and a pressure of 5 kPa to generate a coal gas mixture, which is then passed into the first cyclone separator 21;
[0033] S2. The first cyclone separator 21 returns the unreacted semi-coke from the semi-coke return pipe 216 to the gasifier for a cyclic reaction, and the gasified fly ash enters the second cyclone separator 22 from the first air outlet 214 of the first cyclone separator 21;
[0034] S3. The second cyclone separator 22 further separates the gasified fly ash. The cyclone inlet linear velocity in the first cyclone separator 21 and the second cyclone separator 22 is 20 m / s, the fly ash delivery rate is 2 t / h, the separation temperature is 170°C, and the maximum working pressure does not exceed 0.2 MPa. A portion of the fly ash enters the storage container 4 from the second outlet 223 for storage, and the other portion of the fly ash enters the filter chamber 32 in the dust removal assembly 3, which filters and removes the fly ash. The rated processing air volume is 7056 m 3 / h, the injection pressure is 0.5MpaG, and the operation is carried out under normal pressure. The gas is discharged from the exhaust port 35 of the dust removal component 3, and the fly ash is also stored in the storage container 4 from the ash hopper 33;
[0035] S4. The fly ash in the storage container 4 is fed from the discharge end into the feed pipe 51 of the transmission assembly 5, the feed motor 53 is started to drive the feed auger 52 to feed the fly ash into the calcining assembly 6, the feed motor 53 has a speed of 1500r / min;
[0036] S5. Before the feeding motor 53 is started, the stage 64 is pushed to the mouth of the calcining furnace tube 62 by the screw push rod 65. After all the fly ash is fed into the crucible 66, the stage 64 is lowered into the calcining furnace tube 62 by the screw push rod 65, the sealing cover 63 is covered, the ventilation control valve 72 is started to introduce nitrogen into the calcining furnace tube 62, and then the calcining assembly 6 is opened, and the temperature is started to rise at a rate of 10°C / min. The fly ash is calcined at a constant temperature for 2 hours at the target temperature and then cooled to room temperature. The ventilation is stopped, and the target temperature is 800°C.
[0037] The fly ash obtained by the above method was taken out and the iodine adsorption value was tested, and the result was about 680.4 mg / g (wood).
[0038] Example 2:
[0039] The only difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the target calcination temperature in step S5 is 50° C.; the fly ash sample calcined at this calcination temperature was taken out and the iodine adsorption value test result was about 574.0 mg / g (wood).
[0040] Example 3:
[0041] The only difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that the target calcination temperature in step S5 is 220° C.; the fly ash sample calcined at this calcination temperature was taken out and the iodine adsorption value test result was about 582.5 mg / g (wood).
[0042] Example 4:
[0043] The only difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is that the target calcination temperature in step S5 is 390° C.; the fly ash sample calcined at this calcination temperature was taken out and the iodine adsorption value test result was about 631.4 mg / g (wood).
[0044] Example 5:
[0045] The only difference between Example 5 and Example 1 is that the target calcination temperature in step S5 is 640° C.; the fly ash sample calcined at this calcination temperature was taken out and the iodine adsorption value test result was about 640.3 mg / g (wood).
[0046] Example 6:
[0047] The only difference between Example 6 and Example 1 is that the target calcination temperature in step S5 is 700° C.; the fly ash sample calcined at this calcination temperature was taken out and the iodine adsorption value test result was about 652.6 mg / g (wood).
[0048] Example 7:
[0049] The only difference between Example 7 and Example 1 is that the target calcination temperature in step S5 is 900° C.; the fly ash sample calcined at this calcination temperature was taken out and the iodine adsorption value test result was about 614.7 mg / g (wood).
[0050] Example 8:
[0051] The only difference between Example 8 and Example 7 is that the fly ash is not calcined, and the fly ash sample in the storage container 4 is directly taken out for iodine adsorption test, and the result is about 590 mg / g (wood).
[0052] The following is a comparison table of the properties and performance of fly ash calcined at different temperatures:
[0053]
[0054] It can be seen from the above table that as the calcination temperature increases from 50°C to 900°C, the fixed carbon content, specific surface area, pore volume and iodine adsorption value of the fly ash first increase and then decrease, and all items reach the maximum value when reaching 800°C.
Claims
1. A device for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash, characterized in that: include: A gasification assembly (1) comprising a feed port (11) and a gas inlet (12) for gasifying fine coal particles to generate a coal gas mixture; A cyclone separation component (2), the feed end of which is connected to the discharge end of the gasifier, and is used to separate particulate matter and gas in the coal gas mixture; A dust removal component (3), the feed end of which is connected to the discharge end of the cyclone separation component (2), and is used to filter the coal powder in the coal gas mixture; A calcining component (6), the feed end of which is connected to the discharge end of the dust removal component (3) via a transmission component (5), and calcines the fly ash filtered out by the dust removal component (3); The atmosphere component (7) is communicated with the calcination chamber in the calcination component (6) and provides a nitrogen atmosphere for the calcination component (6).
2. The device for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasification assembly (1) further comprises a gasification furnace tube (13), a fluidized bed (14), a furnace body outlet (15) and a slag discharge port (16); the feed port (11) is opened on the lower tube wall of the gasification furnace tube (13), the fluidized bed (14) is arranged in the gasification furnace tube (13), the gas inlet (12) is opened on the gasification furnace tube (13) below the fluidized bed (14), the slag discharge port (16) is arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace tube (13) and can be closed, and the furnace body outlet (15) is opened at the top of the gasification furnace tube (13).
3. The device for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cyclone separation assembly (2) comprises a first cyclone separator (21) and a second cyclone separator (22), wherein the first cyclone separator (21) comprises a first separation barrel (211), a first inlet (212), a first outlet (213), a first air outlet (214), a returner (215) and a semi-coke return pipe (216); the separation barrel is in a conical shape, and the bottom end is a small-diameter section; the first inlet (212) is provided on the upper side wall of the first separation barrel (211); the first outlet (213) is provided on the bottom end face of the first separation barrel (211); the first air outlet (214) is provided on the top end face of the first separation barrel (211); the returner (215) is provided in the first outlet (213); the top end of the semi-coke return pipe (216) is connected to the returner (215) and the bottom end is connected to the side wall of the gasification furnace tube (13).
4. The device for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second cyclone separator (22) comprises a second separation cylinder (221), a second inlet (222), a second outlet (223) and a second air outlet (224); the second separation cylinder (221) is also in the shape of a cone, with a small diameter section at the bottom end; the second inlet (222) is provided on the upper side wall of the second separation cylinder (221); the second outlet (223) is provided on the bottom end surface of the second separation cylinder (221); the second air outlet (224) is provided on the top end surface of the second separation cylinder (221); and the first air outlet (214) and the second inlet (222) are connected through a pipeline.
5. The device for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dust removal assembly (3) comprises a clean air chamber (31), a filter chamber (32), an ash hopper (33), an air inlet (34), an exhaust port (35) and a discharge port (36); the clean air chamber (31), the filter chamber (32) and the ash hopper (33) are sequentially connected and communicated from top to bottom, the air inlet (34) is provided on the side wall of the filter chamber (32), the exhaust port (35) is opened on the side wall of the clean air chamber (31), the discharge port (36) is opened at the bottom end of the ash hopper (33), the second air outlet (224) and the air inlet (34) are communicated through a pipeline, and the discharge port (36) and the second air outlet (224) are connected to the storage container (4) through a pipeline.
6. The device for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (5) includes a feeding pipe (51), a feeding auger (52) and a feeding motor (53); the discharge end of the storage container (4) is connected to the feed end of the feeding pipe (51), the feeding auger (52) is arranged in the feeding pipe (51), and the feeding motor (53) is arranged at one end of the feeding pipe (51), and the output shaft extends into the feeding pipe (51) and is fixedly connected to the feeding auger (52).
7. The device for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calcining assembly (6) comprises a calcining furnace body (61), a calcining furnace tube (62), a sealing cover (63), a loading platform (64), a screw push rod (65), a crucible (66), an atmosphere inlet (67) and an atmosphere outlet (68); the calcining furnace body (61) is covered on the circumference of the calcining furnace tube (62), the sealing cover (63) is detachably connected to the calcining furnace tube (62), and the loading platform (64) is connected to the calcining furnace tube (62) through the screw push rod (65). The bottom of the calcining furnace tube (62), the screw push rod (65) and the bottom surface of the calcining furnace tube (62) are threadedly connected to achieve lifting and lowering, the crucible (66) is arranged on the loading platform (64), the atmosphere inlet (67) is opened on the sealing cover (63), and the atmosphere outlet (68) is opened at the bottom of the calcining furnace body (61), and the discharge end of the feeding pipe (51) is connected to the feed end at the top of the calcining furnace tube (62) through a pipeline.
8. The device for increasing the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash according to claim 7, characterized in that: The atmosphere component (7) comprises a nitrogen source container (71) and a ventilation control valve (72); the ventilation control valve (72) has an air inlet connected to the nitrogen source container (71) and an air outlet connected to the atmosphere inlet (67).
9. A fly ash treatment method, comprising treating coal gasification fly ash using the device for improving the specific surface area and adsorption performance of coal gasification fly ash according to claim 8, wherein: The steps include: S1. Raw coal particles are added to the fluidized bed (14) through the feed port (11), a gasifying agent is added to the gasification furnace tube (13) through the gas inlet (12), the gasification furnace is turned on and an oxidation-reduction reaction is carried out at a temperature of 905°C-955°C and a pressure of 4-6 kPa to generate a coal gas mixture, and the coal gas mixture is passed into the first cyclone separator (21); S2. The first cyclone separator (21) returns the unreacted semi-coke from the semi-coke return pipe (216) to the gasifier for a cyclic reaction, and the gasified fly ash enters the second cyclone separator (22) from the first gas outlet (214) of the first cyclone separator (21); S3. The second cyclone separator (22) further separates the gasified fly ash. The cyclone inlet linear velocity in the first cyclone separator (21) and the second cyclone separator (22) is 12-25 m / s, the fly ash conveying capacity is 2 t / h, the separation temperature is 170°C, and the maximum working pressure does not exceed 0.2 MPa. A portion of the fly ash enters the storage container (4) from the second outlet (223) for storage, and the other portion of the fly ash enters the filter chamber (32) in the dust removal component (3). The filter chamber (32) filters and removes the fly ash. The rated processing air volume is 7056 m 3 / h, the injection pressure is 0.4-0.6MpaG, and the operation is carried out under normal pressure. The gas is discharged from the exhaust port (35) of the dust removal component (3), and the fly ash is also sent from the ash hopper (33) to the storage container (4) for storage; S4. The fly ash in the storage container (4) is fed from the discharge end into the feed pipe (51) of the transmission assembly (5), and the feed motor (53) is started to drive the feed auger (52) to feed the fly ash into the calcining assembly (6). The speed of the feed motor (53) is 1500 r / min; S5. Before the feeding motor (53) is started, the work platform (64) is pushed to the nozzle of the calcining furnace tube (62) by the screw push rod (65). After all the fly ash is fed into the crucible (66), the work platform (64) is lowered into the calcining furnace tube (62) by the screw push rod (65), the sealing cover (63) is closed, the ventilation control valve (72) is started to introduce nitrogen into the calcining furnace tube (62), and then the calcining assembly (6) is opened. The temperature is increased at a rate of 10°C / min, and the fly ash is calcined at a constant temperature for 2 hours at the target temperature, then cooled to room temperature, and the ventilation is stopped. The target temperature is 50°C-900°C.