Molten salt electrolytic refining equipment suitable for online discharging

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metal through a molten liquid electrolytic method, in particular to molten salt electrolytic refining equipment suitable for online discharging, and the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment comprises an electrolytic heating device used for containing molten salt; the electrode module is used for electrolyzing spent fuel and scraping electrolyzed products on the cathode assembly; the electrode transfer device is used for transferring the electrode module into the electrolysis heating device; the conductive device is used for electrifying the electrode module; the material pushing and sweeping device is used for pushing and sweeping the scraped materials; and the discharging device is used for driving the materials to move so as to transfer the materials out of the electrolytic heating device. The equipment is arranged in the hot chamber, so that the whole electrolytic reaction is carried out in a low-water-oxygen sealed atmosphere, the electrolytic reaction is continuously carried out, the treatment requirement of the spent fuel is met, automatic continuous discharging can be realized through the material pushing and sweeping device and the discharging device, the treatment efficiency of the spent fuel can be improved, and the treatment cost of the spent fuel is reduced. And large treatment requirements are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by molten liquid electrolysis, and specifically to a molten salt electrolytic refining device suitable for online discharge. Background Art

[0002] The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Spent fuel refers to nuclear fuel that has been used in a reactor for a period of time and contains nuclides that can be recycled. This fuel is usually recycled and processed.

[0004] Currently, molten salt electrorefining is a common method for spent fuel recycling. This method primarily involves dissolving radionuclides in the spent fuel in the molten salt through an electrolytic reaction, which then precipitates out from the cathode. The cathode precipitates are then recovered. However, current industrial molten salt electrorefining equipment is insufficient for this type of spent fuel treatment, necessitating further modification. Summary of the Invention

[0005] A brief overview of the present application is provided below to provide a basic understanding of certain aspects of the present application. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive overview of the present application. It is not intended to identify key or important portions of the present application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present application. Its purpose is simply to present certain concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that will be discussed later.

[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides a molten salt electrolytic refining device suitable for online discharging, which is suitable for a hot chamber. The molten salt electrolytic refining device includes an electrolytic heating device, at least one electrode module, an electrode transport device, a conductive device, a material sweeping device and a discharging device, wherein the electrolytic heating device is used to accommodate molten salt, and the molten salt is used to provide a medium for the electrolysis of spent fuel, and the molten salt is melted before electrolysis; the electrode module is arranged in the electrolytic heating device, and is used to electrolyze the spent fuel, and the electrode module is also arranged to be able to scrape the electrolysis product on the cathode assembly in the electrode module when it is in the electrolytic heating device; the electrode transport device is used to At least one electrode module is transferred into the electrolytic heating device; the conductive device is configured to be connected to the conductive device when the electrode module is arranged in the electrolytic heating device to energize the electrode module; the material pushing and sweeping device is arranged in the electrolytic heating device and is configured to push and sweep the material scraped to the bottom of the electrolytic heating device while scraping the material, so as to push and sweep the material into the discharge range of the discharging device; the discharging device is arranged in the electrolytic heating device and is configured to be able to move, and during the movement, it drives the material swept by the material pushing and sweeping device to move, so as to transfer the material out of the electrolytic heating device; wherein the spent fuel is arranged in the anode assembly of the electrode module.

[0007] The embodiments of the present application enable the entire electrolysis reaction to be performed in a low-water-oxygen sealed atmosphere by arranging the electrolysis heating device, the electrode module and the electrode transfer device, the material pushing and sweeping device, the discharging device, and the conductive device in the hot chamber. This prevents the molten salt from absorbing moisture and the electrolytically precipitated products from being oxidized, thereby reducing the probability of problems occurring during the electrolysis process. This allows the electrolysis reaction to proceed continuously, thereby meeting the requirements for spent fuel treatment. At the same time, the material pushing and sweeping device and the discharging device enable automated and continuous discharging, which is beneficial for improving the treatment efficiency of spent fuel and thus meeting greater treatment requirements.

[0008] These and other advantages of the present application will become more apparent through the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] To further illustrate the above and other advantages and features of the present application, the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, together with the detailed description below, are incorporated into and form a part of this specification. Elements with the same function and structure are denoted by the same reference numerals. It should be understood that these drawings depict only typical examples of the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.

[0010] Figure 1 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a molten salt electrolytic refining device suitable for online discharging according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0011] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an electrode module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 3 It is a flowchart of the tool design method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0013] It should be noted that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but are merely shown in a schematic manner that does not affect the reader's understanding.

[0014] Description of reference numerals:

[0015] 100. Electrode module;

[0016] 10. cathode assembly; 11. cathode; 111. cathode body; 112. cathode support; 12. cathode connector;

[0017] 20. Anode assembly; 21. Anode basket assembly; 22. First anode basket; 221. Accommodating support member; 2211. Accommodating portion; 2212. Supporting and fitting portion; 2213. Conductive connecting portion; 222. Anode connector; 23. Second anode basket;

[0018] 30. Electrolytic heating device; 31. Electrolytic heating body; 32. Cover; 321. Material push-sweep installation interface; 322. Electrode installation interface;

[0019] 40. Material push-sweeping device; 41. Push-sweeping driving member; 42. Push-sweeping member;

[0020] 501. Discharging device; 502. Discharging device; 51. Discharging container; 511. Discharging channel; 512. Discharging port; 513. First discharging body; 514. Second discharging body; 52. Discharging drive assembly; 521. First discharging drive member; 522. Second discharging drive member; 53. Discharging member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. For the sake of clarity and conciseness, not all features of actual implementations are described in the specification. However, it should be understood that many implementation-specific decisions must be made in the process of developing any such actual implementation in order to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as meeting those constraints related to the system and business, and these constraints may vary depending on the implementation. In addition, it should be understood that although the development work may be very complex and time-consuming, it is a routine task for those skilled in the art who benefit from the content of this application.

[0022] It is also necessary to explain here that, in order to avoid obscuring the present application due to unnecessary details, the accompanying drawings only show the device structure and / or processing steps that are closely related to the solution according to the present application, while other details that are not closely related to the present application are omitted.

[0023] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by persons having ordinary skills in the field to which this application belongs.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, “multiple” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0025] The inventors of this application discovered that during the electrolysis of spent fuel using molten salt electrorefining equipment, the molten salt readily absorbs water, which degrades its performance as a medium. Furthermore, the spent fuel is radioactive. Therefore, when electrolyzing spent fuel, the molten salt electrorefining equipment must be capable of processing high-burnup, highly radioactive spent fuel in a high-temperature molten salt medium, and the processes involved in the electrolysis must be performed in a radioactive environment. Consequently, the requirements for molten salt electrorefining equipment are relatively high. Existing molten salt electrorefining equipment cannot achieve continuous discharge in a hot state, cannot meet the needs of processing large amounts of spent fuel, and cannot be applied on a large scale.

[0026] In response to the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a molten salt electrolytic refining equipment suitable for online discharging, which is suitable for a hot chamber. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment suitable for online discharging according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment includes an electrolytic heating device 30, at least one electrode module 100, an electrode transport device, a conductive device, a material sweeping device 40 and a discharging device 501 (or a discharging device 502).

[0027] The electrolysis heating device 30 is used to contain molten salt, which is used to provide a medium for the electrolysis of spent fuel. The molten salt is melted before electrolysis.

[0028] The electrode module 100 is arranged in the electrolysis heating device 30 for electrolyzing the spent fuel. The electrode module 100 is also configured to scrape the electrolysis products on the cathode assembly in the electrode module 100 when it is in the electrolysis heating device 30, wherein the spent fuel is arranged in the anode assembly of the electrode module 100.

[0029] The electrode transport device is used to transport at least one electrode module 100 into the electrolytic heating device 30 .

[0030] The conductive device is used to connect to the conductive device when the electrode module 100 is disposed in the electrolytic heating device 30 so as to energize the electrode module 100 .

[0031] The material sweeping device 40 is arranged in the electrolytic heating device 30, and is used to sweep the material scraped to the bottom of the electrolytic heating device 30 while scraping the material, so as to sweep the material into the discharge range of the discharge device 501 (or the discharge device 502).

[0032] The discharge device 501 (or the discharge device 502 ) is disposed in the electrolytic heating device 30 and is configured to be movable. During the movement, the material swept by the material sweeping device 40 is driven to move so as to transfer the material out of the electrolytic heating device 30 .

[0033] The embodiment of the present application arranges the electrolytic heating device 30, the electrode module 100 and the electrode transfer device, the material pushing and sweeping device 40, the discharging device 501 (or the discharging device 502) and the conductive device in the hot chamber, so that the entire electrolysis reaction can be operated in a low-water-oxygen sealed atmosphere, thereby avoiding the molten salt from absorbing moisture and the oxidation of the electrolytically precipitated products, thereby reducing the probability of problems occurring in the electrolysis process, so that the electrolysis reaction can be carried out continuously and meet the needs of spent fuel treatment; at the same time, through the material pushing and sweeping device 40 and the discharging device 501 (or the discharging device 502), automatic continuous discharging can be achieved, which is conducive to improving the treatment efficiency of spent fuel, thereby meeting larger treatment needs.

[0034] In some embodiments, the discharge device 501 (or the discharge device 502) includes a discharge container 51, a discharge drive assembly 52, and a discharge member 53. The discharge container 51 forms a discharge channel 511, and the discharge drive assembly 52 and the discharge member 53 are disposed within the discharge channel 511. The discharge container 51 forms a discharge port 512 for discharging material. The discharge drive assembly 52 is used to drive the discharge member 53 to move. The discharge member 53 is used to drive the material swept by the material sweeping device 40 to move during the movement, so as to transfer the material to the discharge port 512 for discharge.

[0035] The embodiment of the present application arranges the discharge drive assembly 52 and the discharge member 53 in the discharge channel 511 of the discharge container 51, which helps to prevent the material from falling and ensure smooth discharge when the discharge member 53 transfers the material to the discharge port 512 for discharge.

[0036] In some embodiments, the discharge container 51 includes a first discharge body 513 and a second discharge body 514. The first discharge body 513 is disposed within the electrolytic heating device 30 along the extension direction of the electrolytic heating device 30 and partially extends outside the electrolytic heating device 30. The first end of the first discharge body 513 located within the electrolytic heating device 30 is disposed near the bottom of the electrolytic heating device 30. The second discharge body 514 is disposed outside the electrolytic heating device 30 in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the electrolytic heating device 30 and is fixedly connected to the first discharge body 513. The discharge drive assembly 52 includes a first discharge drive member 521 and a second discharge drive member 522, each for driving the discharge member 53 to move. The first discharge drive member 521 is disposed within the first discharge body 513, with the first end of the first discharge drive member 521 near the bottom of the electrolytic heating device 30. The second discharge drive member 522 is disposed within the second discharge body 514.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present application, the first discharging body 513 is arranged to extend along the extension direction of the electrolytic heating device 30, and the second discharging body 514 is arranged to extend in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the electrolytic heating device 30, and a first discharging drive member 521 and a second discharging drive member 522 are respectively arranged in the first discharging body 513 and the second discharging body 514, which is conducive to ensuring smooth discharge of materials and improving discharging efficiency.

[0038] In some embodiments, Figure 1 In the discharging device 501 shown, the first discharging drive member 521 and the second discharging drive member 522 are rods, and the discharging member 53 is arranged in a spiral form on the outer surface of the first discharging drive member 521 and the second discharging drive member 522; wherein, during the discharging process, the material is located on the discharging member 53 to follow the movement of the discharging member 53.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, the discharge member 53 is arranged in a spiral form on the outer surface of the first discharge drive member 521 and the second discharge drive member 522. During the rotation of the first discharge drive member 521 and the second discharge drive member 522, the spiral discharge member 53 can be driven to rotate, thereby achieving the purpose of discharging.

[0040] In some embodiments, Figure 1 In the discharging device 502 shown, there are multiple discharging members 53, the second end of the first discharging drive member 521 is fixedly connected to the second end of the second discharging drive member 522, and the first end of the second discharging drive member 522 forms a free end; the multiple discharging members 53 are arranged to be distributed circumferentially along the outer surface of the first discharging drive member 521 and the second discharging drive member 522; wherein, during the discharging process, the material is located between two adjacent discharging members 53 to follow the movement of the discharging members 53.

[0041] In the embodiment of the present application, multiple discharge members 53 are distributed circumferentially along the outer surfaces of the first discharge drive member 521 and the second discharge drive member 522. During the rotation of the first discharge drive member 521 and the second discharge drive member 522, the multiple discharge members 53 can rotate along their circumferential direction, thereby achieving the purpose of discharging.

[0042] In such an embodiment, each outfeed member 53 is the same size.

[0043] It can be understood that the discharge member 53 in the discharge device 501 and the discharge member 53 in the discharge device 502 have different structures and correspond to different discharge methods, but both can be used to discharge materials.

[0044] In some embodiments, there are multiple discharge devices 501 (or discharge devices 502), and multiple discharge devices 501 (or discharge devices 502) are respectively arranged on the periphery of at least one electrode module 100 to further improve the discharge efficiency and reliability of the discharge device 501 (or discharge device 502).

[0045] In some embodiments, the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment may include multiple discharge devices 501 , or the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment may include multiple discharge devices 502 .

[0046] In other embodiments, the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment may include one or more discharge devices 501 and one or more discharge devices 502 .

[0047] In some embodiments, the electrolytic heating device 30 includes an electrolytic heating body 31 and a cover body 32. The electrolytic heating body 31 is used to accommodate molten salt; the cover body 32 is used to seal the electrolytic heating body 31; the cover body 32 forms a material pushing and sweeping installation interface 321, and the material pushing and sweeping installation interface 321 is located in the middle area of ​​the cover body 32, for installing the material pushing and sweeping device 40.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present application, the electrolytic heating device 30 is configured to include an electrolytic heating body 31 and a cover body 32, and then the electrolytic heating body 31 is sealed using the cover body 32. This can facilitate the installation of the electrode module 100, the material sweeping device 40, and the discharge device 501 (or the discharge device 502) while ensuring that the electrolytic heating body 31 is sealed, thereby ensuring that the electrolytic reaction proceeds smoothly.

[0049] In some embodiments, the electrolytic heating body 31 can be configured as a central protrusion, and the height of the protrusion gradually decreases from the center to the edge, so that in the process of using the material sweeping device 40 to sweep the material, the material can move to the edge under the action of gravity, thereby facilitating the discharge device 501 (or discharge device 502) to collect the material.

[0050] In some embodiments, the material pushing and sweeping device 40 includes a pushing and sweeping drive member 41 and a pushing and sweeping member 42. The pushing and sweeping drive member 41 is arranged inside the electrolytic heating device 30 through the material pushing and sweeping installation interface 321, and is used to drive the pushing and sweeping member 42 to move; the pushing and sweeping member 42 is fixedly connected to the end of the pushing and sweeping drive member 41 located inside the electrolytic heating device 30, and is configured to be able to make circular motion around the pushing and sweeping drive member 41, and drive the material at the bottom of the electrolytic heating device 30 to move during the movement.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present application, the push-sweeping drive component 41 is arranged inside the electrolytic heating device 30 through the material push-sweeping installation interface 321, and then the push-sweeping component 42 is fixedly connected to the end of the push-sweeping drive component 41 located inside the electrolytic heating device 30, which is beneficial to saving the space occupied by the material push-sweeping device 40 in the electrolytic heating device 30. At the same time, it ensures that the scraped material can be pushed and swept into the discharge range of the discharge device 501 (or the discharge device 502) to avoid omission.

[0052] In some embodiments, the push-sweep driving member 41 is disposed inside the electrolytic heating device 30 along the extension direction of the electrolytic heating device 30 , and the push-sweep member 42 is fixedly connected to the end of the push-sweep driving member 41 along the radial direction of the electrolytic heating device 30 .

[0053] In such an embodiment, the plane swept by the push-sweep member 42 is a circular plane with the end of the push-sweep driving member 41 located in the electrolytic heating device 30 as the center.

[0054] In some embodiments, the cover body 32 forms a plurality of electrode mounting interfaces 322 , and the plurality of electrode mounting interfaces 322 are circumferentially distributed along the material sweeping mounting interface 321 , so that the plurality of electrode modules 100 are circumferentially arranged along the sweeping driving member 41 .

[0055] In the embodiment of the present application, multiple electrode modules 100 are arranged circumferentially along the sweeping drive member 41 so that when the electrolysis products on the electrode modules 100 are scraped, the scraped materials can fall near the material sweeping device 40 so that the material sweeping device 40 can sweep the materials.

[0056] In some embodiments, the distance between the electrode module 100 and the sweeping driving member 41 is smaller than the length of the sweeping member 42 to further avoid dead angles in the process of sweeping the material.

[0057] In some embodiments, a blocking portion is formed at the bottom of the electrolytic heating body 31, and the blocking portion is arranged on the periphery of the plane swept by the sweeping member 42, and is located between the first discharge body 513 and the electrolytic heating body 31, so as to avoid the occurrence of dead corners in the process of sweeping the material due to the material falling between the first discharge body 513 and the electrolytic heating body 31, thereby improving the material sweeping efficiency.

[0058] The embodiment of the present application further provides an integrated electrode module 100 , which is applicable to the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment of the embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 is a structural diagram of an electrode module according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 2 As shown, the electrode module 100 includes a cathode assembly 10 and an anode assembly 20 .

[0059] The cathode assembly 10 is configured to be conductive and rotatable. The cathode assembly 10 is used for conducting electricity and providing an attachment space for electrolysis products generated by the electrolysis reaction.

[0060] The anode assembly 20 is used to accommodate the spent fuel. The anode assembly 20 is arranged outside the cathode assembly 10 and is connected to the cathode assembly 10. There is a first predetermined interval between the anode assembly 20 and the cathode assembly 10. The anode assembly 20 is also configured to scrape the electrolysis products precipitated on the cathode assembly 10. The anode assembly 20 is also configured to allow the spent fuel to contact the molten salt during the electrolysis process.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, the cathode assembly 10 and the anode assembly 20 are integrated together by arranging the anode assembly 20 outside the cathode assembly 10 with a first predetermined interval between the anode assembly 20 and the cathode assembly 10, which is beneficial to reducing the space occupied by the electrode module 100 in the molten salt electrolysis refining equipment and meeting the application requirements of large quantities of spent fuel or large-scale application of the electrode module 100.

[0062] In some embodiments, the anode assembly 20 includes a scraper and an anode basket assembly 21; the anode basket assembly 21 is used to accommodate spent fuel, wherein the cathode assembly 10 is disposed inside the anode basket assembly 21; the scraper is fixedly connected to the anode basket assembly 21, disposed inside the anode basket assembly 21 and close to the cathode assembly 10, and is used to scrape electrolysis products deposited on the cathode assembly 10.

[0063] In the embodiment of the present application, the anode assembly 20 is configured to include a scraper and an anode basket assembly 21, and the scraper is disposed inside the anode basket assembly 21. This allows the electrolysis products on the cathode assembly 10 to be scraped without removing the cathode assembly 10 from the anode basket assembly 21, resulting in a relatively high scraping efficiency.

[0064] In some embodiments, the scraper is a knife that can scrape off the electrolysis products on the cathode assembly 10 during the conductive rotation of the cathode assembly 10 .

[0065] In some embodiments, the anode basket assembly 21 includes a first anode basket 22 and a second anode basket 23, wherein the first anode basket 22 is partially located inside the second anode basket 23 and is fixedly connected to the second anode basket 23 to form a cathode accommodating chamber, which is used to accommodate the cathode assembly 10; the second anode basket 23 is used to accommodate spent fuel; a scraper is fixedly connected to the first anode basket 22 and is used to scrape electrolytic products precipitated on the cathode assembly 10; wherein the extension direction of the cathode assembly 10 is the same as the extension direction of the first anode basket 22 and is partially located outside the cathode accommodating chamber, and the portion of the cathode assembly 10 located outside the cathode accommodating chamber is connected to the conductive device of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present application, the anode basket assembly 21 is configured to include a first anode basket 22 and a second anode basket 23. The cathode accommodating cavity formed by the first anode basket 22 is used to accommodate the cathode assembly 10, and the second anode basket 23 is used to accommodate the spent fuel. In this way, after the electrolysis reaction is completed, the anode mud can be discharged by separating the first anode basket 22 and the second anode basket 23, which is relatively simple to operate.

[0067] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of holes are formed on the first anode basket 22 and the second anode basket 23 respectively, so that the spent fuel can contact the molten salt in the electrolysis process.

[0068] In such an embodiment, the size and number of the holes formed in the first anode basket 22 and the second anode basket 23 can be arbitrary. For example, the diameter of the holes is 3-5 mm, and the open porosity is 50%.

[0069] In some embodiments, the cathode assembly 10 includes a cathode 11 and a cathode connector 12. The cathode 11 is configured to rotate and is configured to provide an attachment space for electrolysis products generated by the electrolysis reaction while conducting electricity. The cathode connector 12 is connected to the cathode 11 and the conductive device, respectively, and is configured to energize the cathode 11 and drive the cathode 11 to rotate when connected to the conductive device. The first anode basket 22 includes a receiving support 221 and an anode connector 222. The receiving support 221 and the anode connector 222 together form a cathode receiving cavity. The receiving support 221 extends along the extension direction of the second anode basket 23 and is partially located inside the second anode basket 23 and another portion is located outside the second anode basket 23. The receiving support 221 is configured to accommodate and support the cathode connector 12 and is also configured to connect to the conductive device to ensure that the entire anode assembly 20 is energized. One end of the receiving support 221 is fixedly connected to the second anode basket 23 via the anode connector 222, and the anode connector 222 is disposed to seal the end of the receiving support 221 on the same side as the second anode basket 23.

[0070] In the embodiment of the present application, the accommodating support member 221 is arranged to extend along the extension direction of the second anode basket 23 and is partially located inside the second anode basket 23. Then, the anode connector 222 is closed and arranged at the end of the accommodating support member 221 and the second anode basket 23 on the same side. This facilitates the discharge of anode mud by pressing down the first anode basket 22 as a whole.

[0071] In some embodiments, a second predetermined interval is defined between the accommodation support 221 and the second anode basket 23 for accommodating the spent fuel to ensure that the spent fuel can contact the molten salt.

[0072] In some embodiments, the accommodating support member 221 includes a accommodating portion 2211, a supporting matching portion 2212 and a conductive connecting portion 2213, wherein one end of the accommodating portion 2211 is fixedly connected to the supporting matching portion 2212, and the other end of the accommodating portion 2211 is fixedly connected to the anode connector 222 for accommodating the cathode 11; the supporting matching portion 2212 is configured to match the cathode 11 for supporting the cathode 11; the conductive connecting portion 2213 is fixedly connected to the supporting matching portion 2212 for connecting a conductive device to energize the anode assembly 20 as a whole.

[0073] In the embodiment of the present application, the cathode 11 is supported by the mutual cooperation between the supporting matching portion 2212 and the cathode 11 , which helps to stably position the cathode 11 in the accommodating portion 2211 .

[0074] In some embodiments, the anode assembly 20 further includes an electrode connector, and the receiving portion 2211 is connected to the cathode 11 via the electrode connector. The electrode connector includes a bearing and an insulating ring.

[0075] In some embodiments, the cathode 11 includes a cathode body 111 and a cathode support portion 112, wherein the cathode body 111 is fixedly connected to the cathode support portion 112, and the anode assembly 20 is arranged outside the cathode body 111; the cathode support portion 112 is used to cooperate with the support matching portion 2212 to support the cathode body 111.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present application, the cathode 11 is configured to include a cathode body 111 and a cathode support portion 112 , and the stability of the cathode body 111 is further improved by utilizing the mutual cooperation between the cathode support portion 112 and the support matching portion 2212 .

[0077] In some embodiments, the cathode assembly 10 and the anode assembly 20 are configured to be insulated to avoid a short circuit between the cathode assembly 10 and the anode assembly 20 , thereby ensuring the normal operation and safety of the electrode module 100 .

[0078] The embodiment of the present application also provides a tool design method suitable for scraping the electrolytic products deposited on the cathode assembly 10 in the electrode module of the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a tool design method according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 3 As shown, the tool design method includes the following steps S10 to S70.

[0079] S10. Determine the scraping force applied to the electrolysis product.

[0080] S20. Determine the corrosive effect of electrolysis products on the cutting tool.

[0081] S30. Determine the physical and chemical properties of the electrolysis products.

[0082] S40. Determine the material of the tool based on scraping force, corrosion effect, and physical and chemical properties.

[0083] S50 , determining the appearance characteristics of the electrolysis product and the appearance characteristics of the cathode 11 .

[0084] S60: Determine the movement mode of the cathode 11 and the tool.

[0085] S70 , determining the structure of the tool according to the shape characteristics of the electrolysis product and the cathode 11 determined in step S50 , the material determined in step S40 , and the movement mode determined in step S60 .

[0086] The embodiments of the present application determine the appropriate tool material by the scraping force that needs to be applied to the precipitate, the corrosive effect of the precipitate on the tool, and the physical and chemical properties of the precipitate, and then determine the structure of the tool based on the external characteristics of the precipitate and the external characteristics of the cathode 11, the material of the tool, and the movement mode of the cathode 11 and the tool. This helps to ensure that the selected tool can match the difficulty of scraping the precipitate, so as to smoothly scrape the precipitate on the cathode 11, while avoiding the tool from breaking during the scraping process or causing damage to other components of the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment.

[0087] In some embodiments, since the tool is in direct contact with the precipitate during the scraping process, it needs to withstand greater cutting pressure and impact, and will be subjected to severe friction, so it is easy to generate very high cutting temperature. The material of the determined tool should meet the requirements of high hardness, sufficient strength and toughness, good wear resistance and corrosion resistance, good heat resistance and thermal conductivity, etc.

[0088] In such an embodiment, the material of the cutting tool may include, but is not limited to, tool steel, high-speed steel, cemented carbide, ceramic, and superhard material.

[0089] In some embodiments, the tool may be made of high-speed steel.

[0090] In some embodiments, the structure of a tool may include the basic form of the tool, the shape of the blades in the tool, and the size of the tool.

[0091] In some embodiments, basic forms of the cutting tools include but are not limited to integral, welded, machine-clamped, and replaceable types, among which welded and replaceable cutting tools are more widely used.

[0092] In some embodiments, welded cutting tools primarily consist of a blade of a predetermined shape and a toolholder joined together through welding. These tools offer advantages such as a simple and compact structure, good tool rigidity, strong vibration resistance, ease of manufacture, and flexible use. However, due to the welding process during manufacturing, welded cutting tools often develop internal stress in the blade after cooling, making it prone to cracking and reducing cutting performance. Furthermore, the toolholder cannot be reused, requiring complete replacement if damaged.

[0093] In some embodiments, the interchangeable tool is a machine-clamped turning tool using an interchangeable insert, which is mainly composed of a tool rod, a tool pad, a blade and a clamping element. After one cutting edge of the blade becomes blunt, it can be quickly replaced with an adjacent new cutting edge. It has the advantages of long tool and tool rod life, short downtime for tool changing, resulting in high production efficiency, and low tool inventory requirements.

[0094] In the embodiment of the present application, the cutting tool needs to work in a high radiation environment and is difficult to replace, so a replaceable cutting tool can be used.

[0095] In some embodiments, the shape of the blade includes but is not limited to a triangle, a triangle with an angle of 8°, a convex triangle, a regular quadrilateral, a pentagon, a parallelogram, or a rhombus.

[0096] In such an embodiment, the shape of the blade can be a regular quadrilateral, which has good versatility and the sharp angle of the blade is 90 degrees, so the blade strength and tool life are relatively high.

[0097] In some embodiments, the dimensions of the knife include the length of the blade and the angle of the blade.

[0098] In such an embodiment, the blade length refers to the theoretical side length of its geometric shape. Generally speaking, due to the rounded corners of the blade tip, the effective blade length of the blade is shorter than the blade length.

[0099] In such an embodiment, the blade angles include: rake angle, main clearance angle, main deflection angle, cutting edge inclination angle, secondary deflection angle, and secondary clearance angle. The rake angle is the angle between the front face of the tool and the base plane; the main deflection angle is the angle between the main cutting plane and the assumed working plane; and the cutting edge inclination angle is the angle between the main cutting edge and the base plane. For some cutting tools, such as indexable cutting tools, the design of some angles is restricted by the blade shape due to their special structure. Only the rake angle, main deflection angle, and cutting edge inclination angle can be designed.

[0100] In some embodiments, step S10 further includes the following steps: S11: determining the torque of the motor driving the cathode 11 to rotate; S12: determining the scraping force according to the torque determined in step S11.

[0101] The embodiment of the present application determines the scraping force by the torque of the motor driving the cathode 11 to rotate, so that the determined scraping force can be consistent with the force required to be applied by the tool in the actual scraping operation, thereby ensuring the service life and scraping effect of the determined tool.

[0102] In some embodiments, in step S12, the scraping force satisfies the following expression (1):

[0103]

[0104] Among them, F c Indicates scraping force; T tot T represents the torque of the motor driving the cathode 11 to rotate when the tool scrapes the precipitate; unl represents the torque of the motor driving the cathode 11 to rotate when the tool does not scrape the precipitate; r represents the radial distance from the point where the tool contacts the precipitate to the rotation center of the cathode 11; N ac Indicates the number of teeth of the motor's driving gear; N pa It represents the number of teeth of the driven gear driven by the driving gear; i represents the reduction ratio of the motor.

[0105] The method provided in the embodiment of the present application determines the scraping force of the tool through the above expression (1), which is conducive to ensuring that the tool involved can smoothly scrape off the precipitates on the cathode 11.

[0106] In some embodiments, step S30 further includes the following steps: S31: determining the sampling sites for physical and chemical analysis of the precipitate; S32: determining the number of sampling sites; S33: preparing different samples for determining the physical and chemical properties of the precipitate according to the analysis requirements of the physical and chemical analysis; S34: analyzing different samples to determine the metal content, salt content, and mechanical properties of the precipitate, wherein the physical and chemical properties include metal content, salt content, and mechanical properties.

[0107] The method provided in the embodiments of the present application can produce different samples for determining the physical and chemical properties of the precipitate by determining the sampling locations and the number of sampling locations for physical and chemical analysis of the precipitate, so that the produced samples can meet the analytical requirements of the physical and chemical analysis, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the determined metal content, salt content, and mechanical properties of the precipitate.

[0108] In some embodiments, the sampling site may be located at the upper or lower portion of the cathode 11 .

[0109] In some embodiments, for the same position on the cathode 11 , such as the upper portion of the cathode 11 , the sampling portion can be located at a deeper position on the upper portion of the cathode 11 or at a shallower position on the upper portion of the cathode 11 .

[0110] In some embodiments, in step S31 , the upper portion, the middle portion, and the bottom portion of the cathode 11 are selected as sampling locations, respectively, to ensure that samples are prepared from the sampling locations.

[0111] In some embodiments, the movement mode of the tool is determined according to the movement mode of the cathode 11 and the distribution of the precipitates on the cathode 11. Different tool movement modes can be determined according to different distribution modes of the precipitates on the cathode 11, which is beneficial to improving the scraping efficiency of the precipitates.

[0112] In some embodiments, the blade of the tool can be arranged to surround the cathode 11, or can be arranged so that its sharp portion contacts the cathode 11, that is, the blade and the cathode 11 can be in surface contact, point contact, or line contact.

[0113] Regarding the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0114] The above description is only a specific implementation method of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. The protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A molten salt electrolytic refining equipment suitable for online discharging, characterized in that: It is suitable for a hot chamber, and the molten salt electrolytic refining equipment includes an electrolytic heating device, at least one electrode module, an electrode transport device, a conductive device, a material sweeping device, and a discharging device, wherein: The electrolysis heating device is used to contain molten salt, which is used to provide a medium for the electrolysis of spent fuel. The molten salt is melted before electrolysis. The electrode module is disposed in the electrolytic heating device and is used to electrolyze the spent fuel. The electrode module is further configured to scrape electrolysis products on the cathode assembly in the electrode module when it is in the electrolytic heating device. The electrode transport device is used to transport at least one of the electrode modules into the electrolytic heating device; The conductive device is used to connect with the conductive device when the electrode module is arranged in the electrolytic heating device, so as to energize the electrode module; The material sweeping device is provided in the electrolytic heating device, and is used to sweep the material scraped to the bottom of the electrolytic heating device while scraping the material, so as to sweep the material into the discharge range of the discharge device; The discharging device is arranged in the electrolytic heating device and is configured to be movable, and during the movement, drives the material swept by the material sweeping device to move, so as to transfer the material out of the electrolytic heating device; Wherein, the spent fuel is arranged in the anode assembly of the electrode module.

2. The molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharging device includes a discharging container, a discharging drive assembly and a discharging member. The material discharging accommodating member forms a material discharging channel, the material discharging driving assembly and the material discharging member are arranged in the material discharging channel, and the material discharging accommodating member forms a material discharging port for discharging material; The discharging drive assembly is used to drive the discharging piece to move; The discharge member is used to drive the material swept by the material sweeping device to move during the movement, so as to transfer the material to the discharge port for discharge.

3. The molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The discharging container includes a first discharging body and a second discharging body. The first discharge body is arranged inside the electrolytic heating device along the extension direction of the electrolytic heating device and partially extends outside the electrolytic heating device, wherein the first end portion of the first discharge body located inside the electrolytic heating device is arranged close to the bottom of the electrolytic heating device; The second discharging body is arranged outside the electrolytic heating device in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the electrolytic heating device and is fixedly connected to the first discharging body; The discharging drive assembly includes a first discharging drive member and a second discharging drive member, each of which is used to drive the discharging member to move; The first discharging driving member is disposed in the first discharging body, and a first end portion of the first discharging driving member is close to the bottom of the electrolytic heating device. The second discharging driving member is disposed in the second discharging body.

4. The molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first discharging driving member and the second discharging driving member are rods, and the discharging members are spirally arranged on the outer surfaces of the first discharging driving member and the second discharging driving member; Wherein, during the discharging process, the material is located on the discharging member to follow the movement of the discharging member.

5. The molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the output pieces is multiple, The second end of the first discharging driving member is fixedly connected to the second end of the second discharging driving member, and the first end of the second discharging driving member forms a free end; The plurality of discharging members are arranged to be distributed circumferentially along the outer surfaces of the first discharging driving member and the second discharging driving member; Wherein, during the discharging process, the material is located between two adjacent discharging pieces to move along with the discharging pieces.

6. The molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolytic heating device includes an electrolytic heating body and a cover. The electrolytic heating body is used to accommodate molten salt; The cover is used to seal the electrolytic heating body; The cover body forms a material pushing and sweeping installation interface, and the material pushing and sweeping installation interface is located in the middle area of ​​the cover body and is used for installing the material pushing and sweeping device.

7. The molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The material sweeping device includes a sweeping driving member and a sweeping member. The push-sweep driving member is arranged inside the electrolytic heating device through the material push-sweep mounting interface, and is used to drive the push-sweep member to move; The push-sweep member is fixedly connected to the end of the push-sweep drive member located in the electrolytic heating device, and is configured to be able to make circular motion around the push-sweep drive member, and drive the material at the bottom of the electrolytic heating device to move during the motion.

8. The molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cover body forms a plurality of electrode mounting interfaces, and the plurality of electrode mounting interfaces are distributed circumferentially along the material push-sweeping mounting interface, so that the plurality of electrode modules are arranged circumferentially along the push-sweeping driving component.

9. The molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The distance between the electrode module and the push-sweep driving member is smaller than the length of the push-sweep member.

10. The molten salt electrolytic refining equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: There are multiple discharging devices. The plurality of discharge devices are respectively arranged on the periphery of at least one electrode module.

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