A quantitative evaluation experimental system and method for borehole cuttings

Abstract

This invention discloses a quantitative evaluation experimental system and method for drilling chip return. The experimental system includes a drilling rig, a material feeding section, a power torque detection section, a chip return quantitative detection section, and a centralized electrical control section. This invention utilizes the crushing and conveying action of the spiral blades to achieve refined crushing of particles and efficient transport and unblocking of returned chips during the chip return process. By changing the drill rod inclination angle, drill rod operating parameters, drill rod size, and type, different operating scenarios can be simulated. Dynamic monitoring and analysis of drill rod operating parameters, particle size, and mass of the crushed chips are performed to construct a comprehensive evaluation index for the chip crushing effect, achieving quantitative evaluation of the chip crushing effect. By analyzing the relationship between different combinations of operating parameters and the comprehensive evaluation index for the chip crushing effect, the degree of influence of operating parameters on the chip crushing effect can be obtained. This provides a theoretical basis and data support for addressing problems such as stuck drill, drill stoppage, and even drill bit seizing during the drilling process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an experimental system and method, specifically an experimental system and method for quantitatively evaluating borehole cuttings return in mining engineering drilling technology, belonging to the field of mining engineering technology. Background Technology

[0002] Drilling technology has wide applications in the mining industry and is an indispensable key technology in mining, disaster prevention, and geological exploration. Despite its widespread use in mining, drilling technology still faces many problems in practical engineering. Large pieces of drill cuttings can easily clog the borehole, leading to stuck drill bits, drilling stoppages, or even drill bit seizures, severely impacting drilling efficiency and project progress. These problems occur frequently. On the one hand, traditional solutions such as reverse-rotating drill bits and using lubricants have limited effectiveness and cannot fundamentally solve the problem. On the other hand, traditional drill pipes lack the ability to finely break up the drill cuttings, making it difficult to effectively remove large pieces and resulting in low drilling efficiency. Furthermore, drilling parameters have a significant impact on the effectiveness of drill cuttings breaking up, but currently, there is a lack of systematic experimental data and optimization models, making it difficult to quantitatively assess the breaking effect. To avoid stuck drill bits, drilling stoppages, or even drill bit seizures caused by drill cuttings clogging the borehole, solutions are often based on experience, lacking scientific optimization guidance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a quantitative evaluation experimental system and method for borehole chip breakage. This system enables quantitative evaluation of chip breakage effects by simulating different operating scenarios under varying conditions, such as drill rod inclination angle, drill rod operating parameters, drill rod size, and type. This facilitates research into the influence of drill rod operating parameters on chip breakage effects based on the relationship between different combinations of operating parameters and chip breakage results. It provides a theoretical basis and data support for addressing the problems of drill jamming, drilling stoppage, and even drill bit seizure caused by chip blockage, thereby fundamentally solving these problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this borehole chip return quantitative assessment experimental system includes a drilling rig section, a material feeding section, a power torque detection section, a chip return quantitative detection section, and a centralized electrical control section.

[0005] The drilling rig includes a speed-regulating motor, a reducer, and a drill rod. The drill rod has helical blades that are spirally arranged along the axial direction of the rod.

[0006] The material discharge section includes a material box, a material guiding device, and a sleeve; the top of the material guiding device corresponds to the discharge port of the material box, and the bottom of the material guiding device is provided with a material guiding cylinder; the sleeve, which is fitted with the drill rod with a clearance fit, is positioned and sleeved on the drill rod, and the rear end of the sleeve is provided with a discharge port connected to the receiving port of the receiving box, and the front end of the sleeve is connected to the material guiding cylinder of the material guiding device.

[0007] The power torque detection section includes a torque sensor mounted on the drive shaft of the reducer;

[0008] The waste material quantitative detection section includes a particle size analyzer installed at the material receiving port of the receiving box and a mass sensor installed in the receiving box;

[0009] The centralized electrical control section includes a central processing unit, a drilling rig control circuit, a power torque monitoring and analysis circuit, and a particle size and quality analysis circuit. The central controller is electrically connected to the speed-regulating motor, torque sensor, particle size analyzer, and quality sensor, respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the reducer is fixedly mounted on the slide, and the slide is mounted on the swing frame via linear guide rails arranged in the front-to-back direction and a slide propulsion mechanism. The rear end of the swing frame is hinged to the frame via a hinge pin arranged in the left-to-right direction along the central axis, and a swing frame pitch control mechanism is provided between the swing frame and the frame. The power output end of the speed regulating motor is connected to the power input end of the reducer, and the power output end of the reducer is connected to the rear end of the drill rod via a drive shaft.

[0011] The material box and the material guiding device are installed on the gantry frame located in front of the drilling rig. The bottom of the gantry frame is equipped with a gantry frame translation guide positioning mechanism arranged in the front-back direction of the frame. The discharge port at the bottom of the material box is equipped with an openable and closable discharge gate. The material guiding device is installed on the gantry frame through a material guiding lifting mechanism. The material guiding cylinder at the bottom of the material guiding device can swing in the front-back direction, and the discharge end of the material guiding cylinder is set to the rear. The rear end of the sleeve is fixedly installed on the swing frame through the sleeve mounting seat. The rear end of the sleeve mounting seat is fixedly equipped with a drill rod connecting plate. The drill rod passes through the drill rod connecting plate, and the drill rod connecting plate and the drill rod are connected by a sliding sealing ring. The discharge port is located at the bottom of the sleeve mounting seat. The discharge port is connected to the receiving port of the receiving box through a spring hose II. The front end of the sleeve is connected to the material guiding cylinder of the material guiding device through a spring hose I.

[0012] A quantitative evaluation method for drilling chips based on a drilling chip quantitative evaluation experimental system is disclosed. First, a suitable drill rod and sleeve are selected. The sleeve is fixedly mounted on a swing frame using a sleeve mounting base. The drill rod is inserted into the sleeve mounting base and then fixedly connected to the drive shaft of the reducer. Next, the swing frame's pitch control mechanism is controlled to adjust the pitch angle of the drill rod. The gantry frame's translational guiding and positioning mechanism is controlled to bring the material guiding device closer to the sleeve. The material guiding lifting mechanism is controlled to align the discharge end of the material guiding device's guide cylinder with the front end of the sleeve. The slide advance mechanism is controlled to advance the front end of the drill rod to the discharge end position of the material guiding device's guide cylinder. The front end of the sleeve is connected to the discharge end of the material guiding device's guide cylinder structure via a spring hose I. The outlet of the sleeve mounting base is connected to the receiving port of the receiving box via a spring hose II. Experimental chips are then added to the receiving box before the experiment is conducted.

[0013] During the experiment, after the speed-regulating motor was started, the torque sensor monitored and recorded the torque of the drill rod in real time, and controlled the opening of the discharge gate of the material box. The returned chips entered the sleeve through the guiding device. Under the squeezing, crushing and conveying action of the drill rod spiral blades, the returned chips were crushed into small particles and entered the receiving box through the discharge port. The particle size analyzer and mass sensor measured the particle size and mass of the crushed returned chips. After the crushing process was completed, the experimental data were exported and analyzed.

[0014] Furthermore, the central controller analyzes the crushing effect and mass transfer efficiency of the experimental system by measuring the size and mass of the returned chips, and performs a quantitative evaluation of the effect of the returned chips after crushing, as follows:

[0015] S1, Quantitative particle size assessment: The particle size analyzer scans the returned chip samples in real time and statistically analyzes the particle size. The central controller divides the particle size range into j intervals and counts the number of particles in each interval. And calculate the frequency of particles within each interval. To eliminate differences in data dimensions, the particle size is standardized using the following formula:

[0016] ;

[0017] In the formula: For the first The frequency of particles within a particle size range; This represents the total number of particles in the returned debris sample; For the first Standardized particle size values ​​for each particle size range; For the first Average particle size across the particle size range; This represents the average particle size. The standard deviation of particle size;

[0018] Parameters of the Rosin-Rammler distribution were fitted using measured data. and Calculate the measured cumulative distribution value Define the residual function R and solve it using an optimization algorithm. and The formula is as follows:

[0019] ;

[0020] In the formula: It is the residual function; These are the measured cumulative distribution values; For the first Representative particle size values ​​for each particle size range; This represents the total number of particle size ranges. The characteristic particle size parameter of the Rosin-Rammler distribution; The shape parameter of the Rosin-Rammler distribution; These are the optimal parameters obtained through an optimization algorithm that minimize the residual function;

[0021] The Rosin-Rammler distribution function is used to describe the particle size distribution after particle crushing, and the cumulative distribution function is used. Indicates particle size less than or equal to The proportion of particles, probability density function Indicates particle size as The probability density of particle occurrence is given by the following formula: ;

[0022] In the formula: The particle size of the returned chips; Percentage of quantiles; For the corresponding The cumulative probability particle size value indicates that the particle size is smaller than... The proportion of particles is %

[0023] calculate , , The value is used to derive the particle size uniformity index U, as shown in the following formula: ;

[0024] In the formula: U is the uniformity index; , , These represent the particle sizes corresponding to the 10%, 50%, and 90% quantiles in the cumulative distribution, respectively.

[0025] S2, Quality Assessment: The quality sensor measures the total mass of the returned chip sample and calculates the returned chip mass ratio. To quantify the matching degree between the actual returned chip quality and the theoretical crushing quality, the transport efficiency of returned chips is obtained by analyzing the returned chip quality ratio;

[0026] Chip return quality ratio The calculation formula is as follows: ;

[0027] In the formula: The density of the returned debris sample; This represents the borehole volume; The total mass of the returned debris sample;

[0028] S3, Overall Evaluation: [Positive] Particle size uniformity index Compared with the quality of returned chips The normalization process is performed using the following formula: ;

[0029] In the formula: for Normalized index values; Particle size uniformity index Normalized index values; For the ratio of returned chips Normalized index values; and These are historical experimental data. The minimum and maximum values; and These are the particle size uniformity indices from historical experimental data. The minimum and maximum values; and The ratio of returned chip mass in historical experimental data are respectively The minimum and maximum values;

[0030] Based on the lithology adaptive weight adjustment, a modified power function weighting method is adopted to construct a comprehensive evaluation index for return-cutting crushing through the crushing efficiency index, as shown in the following formula: ;

[0031] In the formula: The crushing efficiency index; , , They are respectively Particle size uniformity index , return chip quality ratio The weight constraints satisfy .

[0032] Furthermore, , , The default initial values ​​are respectively , , .

[0033] Furthermore, based on the evaluation results, the operating parameters were adjusted, and the experiment was repeated using the controlled variable method. The evaluation results of chip breakage under different combinations of operating parameters were statistically analyzed. Using the operating parameters of the drill pipe as the variable sequence and the chip breakage evaluation index as the reference sequence, Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) was used to determine the key parameters to study the influence of different operating parameters on the breakage effect, as detailed below:

[0034] S1, the operating parameters are linearly normalized. The formula for linear normalization is as follows: ;

[0035] In the formula: The data has been normalized. Input data; This is the minimum value in the input sample data; This represents the maximum value in the input sample data.

[0036] S2, using the chip crushing evaluation index as a reference sequence, calculates the correlation between the working condition parameters and the reference sequence, and the correlation coefficient. The calculation formula is as follows: ;

[0037] In the formula: For the first A sequence; For reference sequence; For the first in the sequence A number; The resolution coefficient; For the first The operating condition parameter at the first The correlation coefficient of each data point;

[0038] correlation The calculation formula is as follows: ;

[0039] In the formula: The number of data points; For the first The correlation degree of individual operating condition parameters;

[0040] S3, determine the influence weight of each working condition parameter on the evaluation index of chip crushing, and obtain the degree of influence of each index on the roof roadway layout based on the sum of the weights of each physical index. The calculation formula is as follows: ;

[0041] In the formula: This represents the total number of operating parameters. For the first The weights of each operating condition parameter.

[0042] Compared with existing technologies, this borehole cuttings quantitative evaluation experimental system utilizes the crushing and conveying action of the spiral blades to achieve fine crushing of particles and efficient transport and unblocking of cuttings during the cuttings return process. It can simulate different operating scenarios by changing the drill rod inclination angle, drill rod operating parameters, drill rod size, and type. Because it includes a power torque detection section and a cuttings quantitative detection section, it can dynamically monitor drill rod operating parameters, the particle size and mass of the crushed cuttings, and more. By analyzing the particle size and mass of the crushed cuttings, a comprehensive evaluation index for the cuttings crushing effect can be constructed, enabling a quantitative evaluation of the cuttings crushing effect. The drill rod operating parameters can be independently controlled and freely combined. By analyzing the relationship between different combinations of operating parameters and the comprehensive evaluation index for the cuttings crushing effect, the influence of drill rod operating parameters on the cuttings crushing effect can be obtained. This provides a theoretical basis and data support for solving the problems of drill jamming, drilling stoppage, and even drill bit seizure caused by cuttings clogging the borehole, thereby fundamentally solving these problems. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the borehole cuttings quantitative evaluation experimental system;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the experimental method for quantitative evaluation of borehole cuttings.

[0045] In the diagram: 1. Material box lifting mechanism, 2. Material box, 3. Gantry frame, 4. Material guiding device, 5. Electrical control box, 6. Hydraulic pump station, 7. Speed ​​regulating motor, 8. Reducer, 9. Slide propulsion mechanism, 10. Slide, 11. Torque sensor, 12. Swing frame pitch control mechanism, 13. Linear guide rail, 14. Bearing seat, 15. Receiving box, 16. Drill rod, 17. Discharge port, 18. Sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, this drilling chip quantitative assessment experimental system includes a drilling rig section, a material feeding section, a power torque detection section, a chip quantitative detection section, and a centralized electrical control section.

[0048] The drilling rig includes a speed-regulating motor 7, a reducer 8, and a drill rod 16. The reducer 8 is fixedly mounted on a slide 10, which is mounted on a swing frame via a linear guide rail 13 arranged in the front-to-back direction and a slide propulsion mechanism 9. The rear end of the swing frame is hinged to the frame via a hinge pin arranged in the left-to-right direction along the central axis. A swing frame pitch control mechanism 12 is provided between the swing frame and the frame. By controlling the movement of the slide propulsion mechanism 9, the slide 10 can be moved in the front-to-back direction on the swing frame. By controlling the movement of the swing frame pitch control mechanism 12, the movement of the slide 10 in the front-to-back direction can be controlled. To control the pitch angle of the swing frame relative to the frame, both the slide propulsion mechanism 9 and the swing frame pitch control mechanism 12 are preferably hydraulic cylinders, which can be connected to the hydraulic pump station 6 located on the frame; the power output end of the speed regulating motor 7 is connected to the power input end of the reducer 8, and the power output end of the reducer 8 is connected to the bottom end of the drill rod 16 through the drive shaft. The drive shaft can be mounted on the slide 10 through the bearing seat 14 to ensure stable output of rotational power. The drill rod 16 is fixed with helical blades arranged spirally along the axial direction of the rod.

[0049] The material discharge section includes a material box 2, a material guiding device 4, and a sleeve 18. The material box 2 and the material guiding device 4 are installed on a gantry frame 3 located in front of the drilling rig. The discharge port at the bottom of the material box 2 is equipped with an openable and closable discharge gate. By controlling the opening of the discharge gate, the material box 2 can discharge material. An auxiliary discharge control mechanism, including a material box motor and a discharge roller connected to the material box motor, can also be installed on the discharge port of the material box 2. A rotating blade can be installed on the discharge roller. After the discharge gate is opened, the material box motor can be started to drive the discharge roller to rotate the rotating blade, thereby preventing large particles from getting stuck in the discharge gate. The top of the material guiding device 4 is a conical guide channel structure with a larger top and a smaller bottom, and the top of the conical guide channel structure corresponds to the discharge port of the material box 2. The bottom of the material guiding device 4 has a guide cylinder that can swing in the front and back direction. The inlet end of the guide cylinder is connected to the bottom end of the conical guide channel structure. The discharge end is set to face rearward. The guide device 4 can be installed on the gantry frame 3 through the guide lifting mechanism. The material box 2 can be installed on the gantry frame 3 through the material box lifting mechanism 1. The bottom of the gantry frame 3 can also be provided with a gantry frame translation guide positioning mechanism set along the front and rear direction of the frame. The sleeve 18, which is in clearance fit with the drill rod 16, is sleeved on the drill rod 16. The rear end of the sleeve 18 is fixedly installed on the swing frame through the sleeve mounting seat. The rear end of the sleeve mounting seat is fixedly provided with a drill rod connecting plate. The drill rod 16 passes through the drill rod connecting plate, and the drill rod connecting plate and the drill rod 16 are directly connected through a sliding sealing ring. The front end of the sleeve 18 is connected to the discharge end of the guide cylinder structure of the guide device 4 through the spring hose I. The bottom of the sleeve mounting seat is also provided with a discharge port 17. The discharge port 17 is connected to the receiving port of the receiving box 15 through the spring hose II. The receiving box 15 can be set at the bottom of the frame.

[0050] The power torque detection section includes a torque sensor 11 mounted on the drive shaft of the reducer 8.

[0051] The chip quantitative detection section includes a particle size analyzer installed at the receiving port of the receiving box 15 and a mass sensor installed on the receiving box 15. The particle size analyzer is preferably a laser particle size analyzer based on the MIE scattering principle.

[0052] The centralized electrical control section includes an electrical control box 5, a central processing unit, a drilling rig control circuit, a power torque monitoring and analysis circuit, and a particle size and quality analysis circuit. The central controller is electrically connected to the speed regulating motor 7, the torque sensor 11, the particle size analyzer, and the quality sensor, respectively.

[0053] Working principle of this borehole cuttings quantitative assessment experimental system:

[0054] First, select suitable drill rod 16 and sleeve 18. Fix sleeve 18 on the swing frame using sleeve mounting base. Insert drill rod 16 into sleeve mounting base and fix it to the drive shaft of reducer 8. Then, control the swing frame tilt control mechanism 12 to adjust the tilt angle of drill rod 16. Control the gantry translation guide positioning mechanism to bring material guide device 4 closer to sleeve 18. Control the material guide lifting mechanism to make the discharge end of material guide cylinder of material guide device 4 face the front end of sleeve 18. Control the slide push mechanism 9 to push the front end of drill rod 16 to the discharge end of material guide cylinder of material guide device 4. Connect the front end of sleeve 18 to the discharge end of material guide cylinder structure of material guide device 4 through spring hose I. Connect the outlet 17 of sleeve mounting base to the receiving port of receiving box 15 through spring hose II. Control the material box lifting mechanism 1 to make the discharge port of material box 2 connect to the top of material guide device 4. Put experimental return chips into material box 2 and then carry out the experiment.

[0055] During the experiment, after the speed-regulating motor 7 was started, the torque sensor 11 monitored and recorded the torque of the drill rod 16 in real time, controlling the opening of the discharge gate of the material box 2. The returned chips could then enter the sleeve 18 through the guide device 4. Under the squeezing, crushing, and conveying action of the spiral blades of the drill rod 16, the returned chips were further crushed into smaller particles and entered the receiving box 15 through the discharge port 17. The particle size analyzer and mass sensor measured the particle size and mass of the crushed returned chips. After the crushing process was completed, the experimental data were exported and analyzed. The flowchart of the experimental method for quantitative evaluation of drill returned chips is as follows: Figure 2 As shown.

[0056] The central controller analyzes the crushing effect and mass transfer efficiency of the experimental system by measuring the size and mass of the returned chips, thereby quantitatively evaluating the effect of the crushed returned chips.

[0057] 1. Quantitative particle size assessment:

[0058] The particle size analyzer scans the returned chip samples in real time and counts the particle size. The central controller divides the particle size range into Divide the intervals and count the number of particles in each interval. And calculate the frequency of particles within each interval. To eliminate differences in data dimensions, the particle size is standardized using the following formula: ;

[0059] In the formula: For the first The frequency of particles within a particle size range; This represents the total number of particles in the returned debris sample; For the first Standardized particle size values ​​for each particle size range; For the first Average particle size across the particle size range; This represents the average particle size. The standard deviation of particle size;

[0060] Parameters of the Rosin-Rammler distribution were fitted using measured data. and Calculate the measured cumulative distribution value Define the residual function R and solve it using an optimization algorithm. and The formula is as follows:

[0061] ;

[0062] In the formula: This is the residual function, used to measure the difference between the measured and theoretical distributions; These are the measured cumulative distribution values; For the first Representative particle size values ​​for each particle size range; This represents the total number of particle size ranges. The characteristic particle size parameter of the Rosin-Rammler distribution; The shape parameter of the Rosin-Rammler distribution; The optimal parameters obtained through the optimization algorithm are those that minimize the residual function, thus minimizing the residual function.

[0063] The Rosin-Rammler distribution function is used to describe the particle size distribution after particle crushing, and the cumulative distribution function is used. Indicates particle size less than or equal to The proportion of particles, probability density function Indicates particle size as The probability density of particle occurrence is given by the following formula: ;

[0064] In the formula: The particle size of the returned chips; Percentage of quantiles; For the corresponding The cumulative probability particle size value indicates that the particle size is smaller than... The proportion of particles is %.

[0065] calculate , , The value is used to derive the particle size uniformity index U, as shown in the following formula: ;

[0066] In the formula: U is the uniformity index; , , These represent the particle sizes corresponding to the 10%, 50%, and 90% quantiles in the cumulative distribution, respectively; U is the uniformity index, and the smaller the U value, the more uniform the particle distribution after crushing and the better the crushing effect of the returned chip size.

[0067] 2. Quality Assessment:

[0068] The mass sensor measures the total mass of the returned chip sample and calculates the returned chip mass ratio. To quantify the matching degree between the actual returned chip quality and the theoretical crushing quality, the transport efficiency of returned chips is obtained by analyzing the returned chip quality ratio;

[0069] Chip return quality ratio The calculation formula is as follows: ;

[0070] In the formula: The density of the returned debris sample; This refers to the drilling volume, which is the internal volume of the sleeve 18. The total mass of the returned debris sample.

[0071] 3. Overall Evaluation:

[0072] To eliminate dimensional differences, Particle size uniformity index Compared with the quality of returned chips The normalization process is performed using the following formula: ;

[0073] In the formula: for Normalized index values; Particle size uniformity index Normalized index values; For the ratio of returned chips Normalized index values; and These are historical experimental data. The minimum and maximum values; and These are the particle size uniformity indices from historical experimental data. The minimum and maximum values; and The ratio of returned chip mass in historical experimental data are respectively The minimum and maximum values;

[0074] Based on the lithology adaptive weight adjustment, a modified power function weighting method is adopted to construct a comprehensive evaluation index for return-cutting crushing through the crushing efficiency index, as shown in the following formula: ;

[0075] In the formula: The crushing efficiency index; , , They are respectively Particle size uniformity index , return chip quality ratio The weight constraints satisfy .

[0076] Furthermore, , , The default initial values ​​are respectively , , .

[0077] Based on the evaluation results, drilling parameters were adjusted, and experiments were repeated using the controlled variable method. The evaluation results of chip breakage under different combinations of working conditions were statistically analyzed to study the influence of working conditions such as drill rod torque and rotation speed on the chip breakage effect.

[0078] Using drill pipe operating parameters as a variable sequence and chip breakage evaluation indicators as a reference sequence, grey relational analysis (GRA) was employed to determine key parameters. First, the operating parameters were linearly normalized, and the chip breakage evaluation indicators were used as the reference sequence. Based on this, the correlation between the operating parameters and the reference sequence was calculated. Then, the influence weight of each operating parameter on the chip breakage evaluation indicators was determined. Finally, the degree of influence of each indicator on the chip breakage effect was obtained by summing the weights of each physical indicator.

[0079] The formula for linear normalization is as follows: ;

[0080] In the formula: The data has been normalized. Input data; This is the minimum value in the input sample data; This represents the maximum value in the input sample data.

[0081] Correlation coefficient The calculation formula is as follows: ;

[0082] In the formula: For the first A sequence; For reference sequence; For the first in the sequence A number; The resolution coefficient; For the first The operating condition parameter at the first The correlation coefficient of the data points.

[0083] correlation The calculation formula is as follows: ;

[0084] In the formula: The number of data points; For the first The correlation degree of individual operating condition parameters;

[0085] Weight The calculation formula is as follows: ;

[0086] In the formula: This represents the total number of operating parameters. For the first The weights of each operating condition parameter.

[0087] According to actual needs, the working parameters of the drill rod can be changed to further refine the crushing process. The optimal parameter combination for fine crushing of drill cuttings under different actual drilling conditions can be obtained through research, thereby optimizing the technical solution, improving drilling efficiency, and guiding engineering practice.

[0088] This quantitative evaluation experimental system for borehole cuttings can quantitatively evaluate the effect of cuttings breaking by simulating different operating scenarios under varying conditions, such as drill rod inclination angle, drill rod operating parameters, drill rod size, and type. This facilitates research into the influence of drill rod operating parameters on the effect of cuttings breaking by examining the relationship between different combinations of operating parameters and the effect of cuttings breaking. It provides a theoretical basis and data support for addressing the problems of drill jamming, drilling stoppage, and even drill bit seizure caused by cuttings clogging the borehole, thereby fundamentally solving these problems.

Claims

1. A drilling chip quantitative assessment experimental system, comprising a drilling rig section, a material feeding section, a power torque detection section, a chip quantitative detection section, and a centralized electrical control section, characterized in that, The drilling rig includes a speed-regulating motor (7), a reducer (8), and a drill rod (16). The reducer (8) is fixedly mounted on a slide (10), and the slide (10) is mounted on a swing frame via a linear guide rail (13) arranged in the front-to-back direction and a slide propulsion mechanism (9). The rear end of the swing frame is hinged to the frame via a hinge pin arranged in the left-to-right direction along the central axis, and a swing frame pitch control mechanism (12) is provided between the swing frame and the frame. The power output end of the speed-regulating motor (7) is connected to the power input end of the reducer (8), and the power output end of the reducer (8) is connected to the rear end of the drill rod (16) via a drive shaft. The drill rod (16) is fixedly provided with helical blades arranged spirally in the axial direction of the rod. The material discharge section includes a material box (2), a material guide device (4), and a sleeve (18); the material box (2) and the material guide device (4) are installed on a gantry frame (3) located in front of the drilling rig section. The bottom of the gantry frame (3) is provided with a gantry frame translation guide positioning mechanism arranged in the front-back direction of the frame; the discharge port at the bottom of the material box (2) is provided with an openable and closable discharge gate; the material guide device (4) is installed on the gantry frame (3) through a material guide lifting mechanism. The top of the material guide device (4) corresponds to the discharge port of the material box (2). The bottom of the material guide device (4) is provided with a material guide cylinder, which can swing in the front-back direction and the discharge end of the material guide cylinder is set to the rear; the sleeve (18) which is clearance-fitted with the drill rod (16) is positioned and sleeved on the drill rod. On the rod (16), the front end of the sleeve (18) is connected to the guide tube of the guide device (4). The rear end of the sleeve (18) is fixedly installed on the swing frame through the sleeve mounting seat. The rear end of the sleeve mounting seat is fixedly provided with a drill rod connecting plate. The drill rod (16) passes through the drill rod connecting plate and the drill rod connecting plate is connected to the drill rod (16) through a sliding sealing ring. The rear end of the sleeve (18) is also provided with a discharge port (17) connected to the receiving port of the receiving box (15). The discharge port (17) is located at the bottom of the sleeve mounting seat. The discharge port (17) is connected to the receiving port of the receiving box (15) through the spring hose II. The front end of the sleeve (18) is connected to the guide tube of the guide device (4) through the spring hose I. The power torque detection section includes a torque sensor (11) mounted on the drive shaft of the reducer (8). The back chip quantitative detection section includes a particle size analyzer installed on the receiving port of the receiving box (15) and a mass sensor installed on the receiving box (15); The centralized electrical control section includes a central processor, a drilling rig control circuit, a power torque monitoring and analysis circuit, and a particle size and quality analysis circuit. The central controller is electrically connected to the speed regulating motor (7), the torque sensor (11), the particle size analyzer, and the quality sensor, respectively.

2. A quantitative evaluation method for borehole cuttings based on the borehole cuttings quantitative evaluation experimental system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, First, select a suitable drill rod (16) and sleeve (18). Fix the sleeve (18) on the swing frame using the sleeve mounting base. Insert the drill rod (16) into the sleeve mounting base and fix it to the drive shaft of the reducer (8). Then, control the swing frame pitch control mechanism (12) to adjust the pitch angle of the drill rod (16), control the gantry translation guide positioning mechanism to bring the guide device (4) closer to the sleeve (18), and control the guide lifting mechanism to bring the guide device (4) closer to the sleeve (18). The discharge end of the guide cylinder is directly opposite the front end of the sleeve (18). Control the slide propulsion mechanism (9) to push the front end of the drill rod (16) to the discharge end of the guide cylinder of the guide device (4). Connect the front end of the sleeve (18) to the discharge end of the guide cylinder structure of the guide device (4) through the spring hose I. Connect the outlet (17) of the sleeve mounting seat to the receiving port of the receiving box (15) through the spring hose II. Put the experimental return chips into the material box (2) and then conduct the experiment. During the experiment, after the speed-regulating motor (7) is started, the torque sensor (11) monitors and records the torque of the drill rod (16) in real time, controls the opening of the discharge gate of the material box (2), and the returned chips enter the sleeve (18) through the guide device (4). The returned chips are crushed into small particles by the squeezing and conveying action of the spiral blades of the drill rod (16) and enter the receiving box (15) through the discharge port (17). The particle size analyzer and mass sensor measure the particle size and mass of the crushed returned chips. After the crushing process is completed, the experimental data are exported and data analysis is performed.

3. The experimental method for quantitative evaluation of borehole cuttings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The central controller analyzes the crushing effect and mass transfer efficiency of the experimental system by measuring the size and mass of the returned chips, and performs a quantitative evaluation of the effect of the returned chips after crushing, as follows: S1, Quantitative particle size assessment: The particle size analyzer scans the returned chip samples in real time and statistically analyzes the particle size. The central controller divides the particle size range into j intervals and counts the number of particles in each interval. And calculate the frequency of particles within each interval. To eliminate differences in data dimensions, the particle size is standardized using the following formula: ； Where: For the first The frequency of particles within a particle size range; This represents the total number of particles in the returned debris sample; For the first Standardized particle size values ​​for each particle size range; For the first Average particle size across the particle size range; This represents the average particle size. The standard deviation of particle size; Parameters of the Rosin-Rammler distribution were fitted using measured data. and Calculate the measured cumulative distribution value Define the residual function R and solve it using an optimization algorithm. and The formula is as follows: ； Where: It is the residual function; This represents the measured cumulative distribution value; For the first Representative particle size values ​​for each particle size range; This represents the total number of particle size ranges. The characteristic particle size parameter of the Rosin-Rammler distribution; The shape parameter of the Rosin-Rammler distribution; These are the optimal parameters obtained through an optimization algorithm that minimize the residual function; The Rosin-Rammler distribution function is used to describe the particle size distribution after particle crushing, and the cumulative distribution function is used. Indicates particle size less than or equal to The proportion of particles, probability density function Indicates particle size as The probability density of particle occurrence is given by the following formula: ; In the formula: The particle size of the returned chips; Percentage of quantiles; For the corresponding The cumulative probability particle size value indicates that the particle size is smaller than... The proportion of particles is % calculate , , The value is used to derive the particle size uniformity index U, as shown in the following formula: ; In the formula: U is the uniformity index; , , These represent the particle sizes corresponding to the 10%, 50%, and 90% quantiles in the cumulative distribution, respectively. S2, Quality Assessment: The quality sensor measures the total mass of the returned chip sample and calculates the returned chip mass ratio. To quantify the matching degree between the actual returned chip quality and the theoretical crushing quality, the transport efficiency of returned chips is obtained by analyzing the returned chip quality ratio; Chip return quality ratio The calculation formula is as follows: ; In the formula: The density of the returned debris sample; This represents the borehole volume; The total mass of the returned debris sample; S3, Overall Evaluation: [Positive] Particle size uniformity index Compared with the quality of returned chips The normalization process is performed using the following formula: ; In the formula: for Normalized index values; Particle size uniformity index Normalized index values; For the ratio of returned chips Normalized index values; and These are historical experimental data. The minimum and maximum values; and These are the particle size uniformity indices from historical experimental data. The minimum and maximum values; and The ratio of returned chip mass in historical experimental data are respectively The minimum and maximum values; Based on the lithology adaptive weight adjustment, a modified power function weighting method is adopted to construct a comprehensive evaluation index for return-cutting crushing through the crushing efficiency index, as shown in the following formula: ; Where: The crushing efficiency index; , , They are respectively Particle size uniformity index , quality ratio of returned chips The weight constraints satisfy .

4. The experimental method for quantitative evaluation of borehole cuttings according to claim 3, characterized in that, , , The default initial values ​​are respectively , , .

5. The experimental method for quantitative evaluation of borehole cuttings according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the evaluation results, the operating parameters were adjusted, and the experiment was repeated using the controlled variable method. The evaluation results of chip breakage under different combinations of operating parameters were statistically analyzed. The operating parameters of the drill pipe were used as the variable sequence, and the chip breakage evaluation index was used as the reference sequence. Grey relational analysis (GRA) was used to determine the key parameters to study the influence of different operating parameters on the breakage effect, as detailed below: S1, the operating parameters are linearly normalized. The formula for linear normalization is as follows: ; Where: The data has been normalized. Input data; This is the minimum value in the input sample data; This represents the maximum value in the input sample data. S2, using the chip crushing evaluation index as a reference sequence, calculates the correlation between the working condition parameters and the reference sequence, and the correlation coefficient. The calculation formula is as follows: ; Where: For the first A sequence; For reference sequence; For the first in the sequence numerical values; The resolution coefficient; For the first The operating condition parameter at the first The correlation coefficient of each data point; correlation The calculation formula is as follows: ; In the formula: The number of data points; For the The correlation degree of individual operating condition parameters; S3, determine the influence weight of each working condition parameter on the evaluation index of chip crushing, and obtain the degree of influence of each index on the roof roadway layout based on the sum of the weights of each physical index. The calculation formula is as follows: ; In the formula: This represents the total number of operating parameters. For the The weights of each operating condition parameter.

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