Design method, system and equipment for water cooling system of large-volume concrete structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a design method, system and equipment for a water cooling system for a large-volume concrete structure, and belongs to the technical field of concrete structure design. In view of the problems of large amount of calculation, long time consumption and many trial calculations in the existing design of water cooling systems for large-volume concrete structures, the present invention establishes a surface temperature field model of the concrete structure by combining heat conduction theory, hydration heat model and heat absorption effect of cooling water pipes; based on the principle of conservation of energy, under boundary conditions, establishes a time-course variation model of the energy of the concrete structure at each moment and an internal temperature model of the concrete structure during the heating stage, determines the length of the cooling water pipe, and lays the cooling water pipe; finally, determines the cooling rate and cooling water flow rate of the concrete structure during the cooling stage, and completes the design of the water cooling system for the concrete structure. This method can avoid excessive finite element trial calculations, improve design efficiency, reduce construction risks, and ensure the quality and durability of the concrete structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of concrete structure design, and in particular to a design method, system and equipment for a water cooling system of a large-volume concrete structure. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of large-volume concrete structures, the cement hydration reaction releases a large amount of heat, causing the internal temperature of the concrete structure to rise significantly. However, the surface temperature is significantly affected by the ambient temperature, resulting in a large temperature difference between the inside and outside of the concrete structure. This in turn generates temperature stress, which can cause cracks and affect the durability and safety of the concrete structure. Therefore, controlling the temperature field distribution of large-volume concrete structures is a key technical issue in construction design.

[0003] To address the problem of cracking in concrete structures caused by hydration heat, a water cooling system has been introduced. These cooling water pipes, made of metal with excellent thermal conductivity, circulate cold water, rapidly removing the hydration heat within the concrete structure, thereby lowering the temperature and narrowing the temperature difference between inside and outside, ultimately preventing cracks. The layout of the cooling water pipes must take into account the size, shape, and site conditions of the concrete structure. The cooling water pipes must be evenly distributed within the concrete structure to ensure uniform cooling. Furthermore, the water flow rate, flow velocity, and temperature within the cooling water pipes must be adjusted based on actual conditions to achieve optimal cooling and temperature control.

[0004] Traditional temperature control methods rely primarily on finite element numerical simulations. While highly accurate, these simulations are computationally intensive and time-consuming, requiring repeated trial and error calculations to arrive at a reasonable water cooling system design. Especially in large-volume concrete structures, the design of cooling water pipe layout, water flow rate, water flow rate, and insulation measures involves optimizing multiple parameters. Relying solely on finite element simulations is not only inefficient, but can also lead to non-convergence or deviation from actual requirements due to improper initial parameter selection. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the above-mentioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a design method, system and equipment for a water cooling system for large-volume concrete structures. By combining heat conduction theory, hydration heat model and the heat absorption effect of cooling water pipes, a simplified surface temperature field model of the concrete structure is established, and the design parameters of the cooling water pipe layout, cooling water flow rate, cooling water flow rate and insulation measures are preliminarily determined, thereby avoiding excessive finite element calculations, improving design efficiency, reducing construction risks, and ensuring the quality and durability of the concrete structure.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] In one aspect, the present invention provides a method for designing a water cooling system for a large-volume concrete structure, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1: Determine the design parameters of the concrete structure water cooling system;

[0009] S2: Based on the equivalent thickness method, a surface temperature field model of the concrete structure is established to determine the thickness of the insulation layer;

[0010] S3: Initialize the cooling water pipe length and, based on the energy conservation principle and under the boundary conditions of steps S1 and S2, establish a time-history energy change model for the concrete structure at each moment.

[0011] S4: Based on the energy time history change model of the concrete structure at each moment, establish the internal temperature field model of the concrete structure during the heating stage;

[0012] S5: Determine whether the maximum temperature inside the concrete structure during the heating stage meets the design requirements. If so, arrange the cooling water pipes according to their lengths. If not, repeat steps S3 and S4 to update the cooling water pipe lengths.

[0013] S6: Laying out the cooling water pipes according to the cooling water pipe lengths determined in step S5;

[0014] S7: Based on the layout of the cooling water pipes, determine the cooling rate of the concrete structure during the cooling stage and the cooling water flow rate during the cooling stage, and complete the design of the concrete structure water cooling system.

[0015] Preferably, the design parameters of the concrete structure water cooling system in step S1 include: the maximum temperature design value inside the concrete structure , Design value of temperature difference between inside and outside , cooling water pipe diameter , cooling water pipe wall thickness , Cooling water flow rate during the heating stage , thermal insulation materials and thermal conductivity of thermal insulation materials.

[0016] Preferably, the specific operation of step S2 includes the following steps:

[0017] S201: Establish a surface temperature field model of concrete structure based on the equivalent thickness method;

[0018] S202: Determine the virtual thickness of the side surface of the concrete structure based on the surface temperature field model of the concrete structure and the virtual thickness of the top surface of the concrete structure ;

[0019] S203: Based on the virtual thickness of the side surface of the concrete structure and the virtual thickness of the top surface of the concrete structure , determine the convection coefficient of the side surface of the concrete structure, the convection coefficient of the top surface of the concrete structure and the thickness of the insulation material.

[0020] Preferably, in step S3, the energy time history variation model of the concrete structure at each moment is expressed as:

[0021] Where, is the analytical expression of energy change of large-volume concrete structure at different times, They are the mass of concrete to be poured, the specific heat capacity of concrete to be poured, the temperature of concrete entering the mold, the density of concrete to be poured, and the volume of concrete to be poured. is the correction coefficient for cement mixed with fly ash and slag powder, 、 are the side surface convection coefficient of the concrete structure and the top surface convection coefficient of the concrete structure, Indicates the ambient temperature, 、 are the side surface area of ​​the concrete structure and the top surface area of ​​the concrete structure, 、 are the side surface temperature and top surface temperature of the concrete structure at the current moment, is the cooling water pipe length, is the convection coefficient of the contact surface between the cooling water pipe and the concrete structure during the concrete structure heating stage, is the internal temperature of concrete, is the water temperature in the cooling water pipe, Release energy for cement at different times, For time.

[0022] Preferably, the specific operation of step S4 includes the following steps:

[0023] S401: Calculate the overall average temperature of concrete structures ;

[0024] S402: Constructing a temperature field model inside a concrete structure ;

[0025] S403: Constructing a temperature field model of the concrete structure in the heating stage by combining the overall average temperature of the concrete structure and the temperature field model of the concrete structure;

[0026] make , the internal temperature of the concrete structure during the heating stage can be obtained .

[0027] Preferably, the temperature field model inside the concrete structure in step S402 is expressed as:

[0028] ;

[0029] Where, The internal coordinates of the concrete structure are The temperature at 、 、 are the equivalent thicknesses of the concrete structure in the x, y, and z directions, respectively, , , ; are the distances from the center of the concrete structure to the surface in the x, y, and z directions plus the virtual thickness, and They represent the virtual thickness of the side surface of the concrete structure in the front-to-back direction and the virtual thickness of the side surface of the concrete structure in the left-to-right direction respectively.

[0030] Preferably, in step S6, the layout of the cooling water pipes satisfies:

[0031] ;

[0032] ;

[0033] Where, are the length and width of the concrete structure respectively, The distance between the axis of the outermost cooling water pipe parallel to the length direction of the concrete structure and the edge of the side surface in the length direction of the concrete structure; The distance between the axis of the outermost cooling water pipe parallel to the width direction of the concrete structure and the edge of the side surface in the width direction of the concrete structure, d is the cooling water pipe layer spacing, n is the number of cooling water pipe layers.

[0034] Preferably, in step S7, the cooling water flow rate in the cooling stage is for:

[0035] ;

[0036] Where, is the convection coefficient of the contact surface between the cooling water pipe and the concrete structure during the cooling stage.

[0037] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a design system for a water cooling system for a large-volume concrete structure, comprising a parameter input module, a concrete structure surface temperature field model construction module, a concrete structure energy time history change model construction module, a concrete structure internal temperature model construction module during the heating stage, a cooling water pipe layout module, and a cooling water flow rate analysis module;

[0038] The parameter input module is used to input the design parameters of the concrete structure water cooling system;

[0039] The concrete structure surface temperature field model construction module is based on the equivalent thickness method to establish the concrete structure surface temperature field model and determine the thickness of the insulation layer;

[0040] The module for constructing the energy time-history variation model of concrete structures at each moment is based on the energy conservation principle and establishes the energy time-history variation model of concrete structures at each moment;

[0041] The internal temperature model construction module of the concrete structure during the heating stage is based on the energy time history change model of the concrete structure at each moment, and establishes the internal temperature model of the concrete structure during the heating stage;

[0042] The cooling water pipe layout module is used to determine the length of the cooling water pipe and to layout the cooling water pipe;

[0043] The cooling water flow rate analysis module is used to analyze and determine the cooling water flow rate;

[0044] Among them, the parameter input module, the concrete structure surface temperature field model construction module, the concrete structure energy time-history change model construction module at each moment, the concrete structure internal temperature model construction module during the heating stage, the cooling water pipe layout module and the cooling water flow rate analysis module are implemented based on the design method of the large-volume concrete structure water cooling system as described above.

[0045] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an electronic device comprising at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; wherein the memory stores instructions to be executed by the processor, and the instructions are executed by the processor so that the processor can execute the design method of the water cooling system for a large-volume concrete structure as described above.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0047] The present invention combines heat conduction theory, hydration heat model and cooling water pipe heat absorption effect to establish a surface temperature field model of the concrete structure, an energy time-history change model at each moment and an internal temperature model of the concrete structure during the heating stage. The present invention can quickly determine the key design parameters of the water cooling system of a large-volume concrete structure, and preliminarily determine the horizontal spacing, vertical spacing and number of layers of the water pipes based on the temperature field distribution theory; determine the water flow rate and flow rate of the cooling water through heat balance analysis to ensure the cooling effect; determine the type and thickness of the thermal insulation material based on the ambient temperature and the heat dissipation conditions of the concrete surface; simplify the model to avoid excessive finite element calculations, improve design efficiency, reduce construction risks, and ensure the quality and durability of the concrete structure; it is suitable for various large-volume concrete projects, such as dams, bridge piers, nuclear power plant foundations, etc.; and, through optimized design, reduce the use of cooling water pipes and thermal insulation materials, and reduce project costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the design method of the water cooling system for large-volume concrete structures in the present invention.

[0049] Figure 2 This is a numerical simulation model diagram of the large-volume concrete structure in the present invention.

[0050] Figure 3 This is the internal temperature distribution diagram of the numerical simulation model in the present invention.

[0051] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart of the temperature changes inside the numerical simulation model in the present invention and the results obtained by using the design method involved in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0053] Example 1:

[0054] Example 1 Taking a rectangular cross-section bridge pier as an example, the design method of the water cooling system of a large-volume concrete structure in the present invention is described. The concrete part of the rectangular cross-section bridge pier has a plane size of 8m×4m and a height of 8m. C40 concrete is used, which is a large-volume concrete structure. The concrete mix ratio is shown in Table 1 below.

[0055] Table 1 Concrete mix ratio:

[0056] ;

[0057] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the design method of the large-volume concrete structure water cooling system specifically includes the following steps:

[0058] Step S1: Determine the design parameters of the concrete structure water cooling system;

[0059] Specifically, the design parameters include the maximum temperature design value inside the concrete structure , Design value of temperature difference between inside and outside , cooling water pipe diameter , cooling water pipe wall thickness , Cooling water flow rate during the heating stage , insulation materials (such as straw mats, burlap bags, geotextiles or polystyrene foam boards (EPS boards), etc.), and the thermal conductivity of insulation materials.

[0060] In this embodiment, the maximum temperature design value inside the concrete structure is , Design value of temperature difference between inside and outside , cooling water pipe diameter , cooling water pipe wall thickness Cooling water flow rate during heating stage , geotextile is selected as the thermal insulation material.

[0061] Furthermore, step S2: based on the equivalent thickness method, a surface temperature field model of the concrete structure is established to determine the thickness of the insulation layer;

[0062] Specifically, S201: establishing a surface temperature field model of a concrete structure based on the equivalent thickness method;

[0063] In order to simplify the calculation of heat conduction of concrete structures, the equivalent thickness method is used to extend a virtual thickness from the surface of the concrete structure outward (it should be noted that the virtual thickness here is the thickness of the insulation material converted into the thickness of the concrete material based on the thermal conductivity of the insulation material and the concrete material. Therefore, the thickness of the insulation material can be inferred from the virtual thickness). Assuming that the surface temperature outside the virtual thickness is the same as the atmospheric temperature, the temperature field of the concrete structure obeys a quadratic distribution. The surface temperature field model of the concrete structure is expressed as follows:

[0064] (1);

[0065] (2);

[0066] Where, represents the surface temperature of the concrete structure, Indicates the ambient temperature, Indicates the distance from the center of the concrete structure to the surface after adding the virtual thickness. Indicates virtual thickness.

[0067] S202: Determine the virtual thickness of the side surface of the concrete structure based on the concrete structure surface temperature field model (Equation (1)). and the virtual thickness of the top surface of the concrete structure ;

[0068] Specifically, the surface temperature of the concrete structure Set as the difference between the maximum temperature design value inside the concrete structure and the temperature difference design value inside and outside, solve the above formula (1) to get the virtual thickness of the side surface of the concrete structure: and the virtual thickness of the top surface of the concrete structure .

[0069] Considering that the distance between the position of the highest temperature inside the concrete structure and different side surfaces (front, back, left, and right) may be different, the virtual thickness of the side surface of the concrete structure is Can be divided into , , respectively represent the virtual thickness of the side surface of the concrete structure in the front-to-back direction and the virtual thickness of the side surface of the concrete structure in the left-to-right direction.

[0070] For ease of calculation, the maximum of the virtual thicknesses of the concrete structure's front-to-back, left-to-right, and top surfaces is used as the unified virtual thickness. This means that the final designed insulation thicknesses are the same for the front, back, left, right, and top surfaces. This result is conservative. In this example, the maximum of the virtual thicknesses of the concrete structure's front-to-back, left-to-right, and top surfaces is 0.48m.

[0071] S203: Based on the virtual thickness of the side surface of the concrete structure and the virtual thickness of the top surface of the concrete structure , determine the convection coefficient of the concrete structure side surface and the top surface of the concrete structure as well as the thickness of the insulation material;

[0072] Specifically, the surface convection coefficient of the concrete structure The general formula can be expressed as:

[0073] (3);

[0074] Where, Represents the thermal conductivity of concrete structure.

[0075] According to the virtual thickness of the side surface of the concrete structure and the virtual thickness of the top surface of the concrete structure , the side surface convection coefficient of the concrete structure can be determined and the top convection coefficient of the concrete structure Similarly, for the convenience of calculation, in this embodiment, the maximum value of the side surface convection coefficient of the concrete structure and the top surface convection coefficient of the concrete structure is taken as the surface convection coefficient of the concrete structure. The surface convection coefficient of the concrete structure is calculated to be .

[0076] Since the surface convection of concrete structures is related to the thermal insulation measures, the surface convection coefficient of concrete structures can be further expressed as:

[0077] (4);

[0078] in, For insulation materials i Thickness, For insulation materials i The thermal conductivity, It is the convection coefficient of the concrete structure. It should be noted here that, according to the actual insulation needs of the project, one insulation material or multiple insulation materials can be selected, and it is sufficient to ensure that the surface heat dissipation coefficient after the insulation materials are superimposed is not higher than the convection coefficient requirements of each surface. and the top convection coefficient of the concrete structure The thickness of the insulation material on different side surfaces and top surfaces of the concrete structure can be calculated.

[0079] In this embodiment, only geotextile is used as the thermal insulation material, that is, there is only one type of thermal insulation material. The surface convection coefficient of the concrete structure obtained by calculation is 15.3 kJ / (m 2 The thickness of the geotextile can be calculated by taking the thermal conductivity of the geotextile and the convection coefficient of the concrete structure into account. The calculated thickness of the geotextile is 12 mm.

[0080] Furthermore, step S3: initializing the length of the cooling water pipe, and based on the principle of energy conservation, establishing a time-history energy variation model of the concrete structure at each moment under the boundary conditions of steps S1 and S2;

[0081] Specifically, the energy time history variation model of the concrete structure at each moment is expressed as:

[0082] (5);

[0083] Where, is the analytical expression of energy change of large-volume concrete structure at different times, 、 、 、 、 They are the mass of concrete to be poured, the specific heat capacity of concrete to be poured, the temperature of concrete entering the mold, the density of concrete to be poured, and the volume of concrete to be poured. It is the correction coefficient of cement mixed with fly ash, slag powder, etc. are the side surface area of ​​the concrete structure and the top surface area of ​​the concrete structure, are the side surface temperature of the concrete structure and the top surface temperature of the concrete structure at the current moment. In this embodiment 、 Take the difference between the maximum temperature inside the concrete structure at the current moment and the design value of the temperature difference between the inside and outside; is the cooling water pipe length, is the convection coefficient of the contact surface between the cooling water pipe and the concrete structure during the heating stage, According to the convection coefficient of flowing water recommended by the Japan Concrete Engineering Society, it is expressed as a function of velocity. , is the water velocity (cm / s), is the internal temperature of the concrete structure, is the water temperature in the cooling water pipe, Release energy for cement at different times, For time.

[0084] Furthermore, step S4: based on the energy time history variation model of the concrete structure at each moment, a temperature field model of the concrete structure inside the heating stage is established;

[0085] Specifically, S401: The specific heat capacity of the concrete to be poured can be expressed as a time-varying function or constant function c , then the overall average temperature of the concrete structure is It can be expressed as:

[0086] (6);

[0087] S402: Constructing the internal temperature field model of the concrete structure;

[0088] In the temperature field of the concrete structure, the center temperature of the concrete structure is the highest, the surface temperature of the concrete structure is the air temperature, and the middle temperature changes according to a quadratic parabola. The internal temperature field model of the concrete structure is expressed as:

[0089] (7);

[0090] Where, The internal coordinates of the concrete structure are The temperature at 、 、 are the equivalent thicknesses of the concrete structure in the x, y, and z directions, respectively, , , ; They are the distances from the center of the concrete structure to the surface in the x, y, and z directions plus the virtual thickness.

[0091] S403: Constructing a temperature field model of the concrete structure in the heating stage by combining the overall average temperature of the concrete structure and the temperature field model of the concrete structure;

[0092] make , substitute equations (5) and (6) into it and solve the equation to obtain the internal temperature of the concrete structure in the heating stage .

[0093] Further, step S5: determine whether the maximum temperature inside the concrete structure during the heating stage meets the design requirements. If so, arrange the cooling water pipes according to the length of the cooling water pipes. If not, repeat steps S3 and S4 to update the length of the cooling water pipes.

[0094] Specifically, according to S403 temperature , and obtain its maximum value , determined as the highest temperature inside the concrete structure during the heating stage, to determine whether it meets ,in is the coefficient of uneven distribution of concrete temperature between cooling water pipes. If it is satisfied, the cooling water pipes are laid out according to the cooling water pipe length in step S3; if it is not satisfied, the cooling water pipe length is increased. Repeat steps S3 and S4 until .

[0095] In this embodiment, the cooling water pipe length is calculated to be During the heating stage, the maximum temperature inside the concrete structure is 65℃.

[0096] Further, step S6: according to the cooling water pipe length determined in step S5 , lay the cooling water pipes.

[0097] Specifically, the layout of cooling water pipes needs to meet the following requirements:

[0098] (8);

[0099] (9);

[0100] Where, a , b are the length and width of the concrete structure respectively, The distance between the axis of the outermost cooling water pipe parallel to the length direction of the concrete structure and the edge of the side surface in the length direction of the concrete structure; The distance between the axis of the outermost cooling water pipe parallel to the width direction of the concrete structure and the edge of the side surface in the width direction of the concrete structure, d is the cooling water pipe layer spacing, n is the number of cooling water pipe layers.

[0101] In this step, there are multiple solutions that meet the cooling water pipe layout conditions, as shown in Table 2 below.

[0102] Table 2 Cooling water pipe layout scheme representation:

[0103] ;

[0104] The final cooling water pipe layout is then selected, with the cooling water pipes laid out evenly and the number of layers and horizontal spacing of the cooling water pipes varying by no more than 30%. It is recommended that the interlayer spacing and horizontal spacing vary by no more than 30%. Therefore, Option 3 is selected as the cooling water pipe layout for this example.

[0105] Further, step S7: based on the layout plan of the cooling water pipes, determine the cooling rate of the concrete structure and the cooling water flow rate during the cooling stage, and complete the design of the concrete structure water cooling system;

[0106] Specifically, the cooling rate of the concrete structure during the cooling stage Should meet the following requirements:

[0107] (10);

[0108] That is, the convection coefficient of the contact surface between the cooling water pipe and the concrete structure during the cooling stage satisfy:

[0109] (11);

[0110] Where, express The derivative of Indicates the control value of the cooling rate of the concrete structure, is the convection coefficient of the contact surface between the cooling water pipe and the concrete structure during the cooling stage, Indicates the concrete temperature near the cold water pipe area.

[0111] Furthermore, the cooling water flow rate in the cooling stage for:

[0112] (12);

[0113] Furthermore, in order to verify the rationality of the cooling water pipe design scheme in this invention, this study also established a numerical simulation model to conduct comparative analysis with the proposed design scheme. Figure 2 The temperature changes inside the numerical simulation model are shown in the attached figure. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the temperature change inside the numerical simulation model is compared with the result obtained by the design method of the present invention. Figure 4 shown.

[0114] From the attached Figure 4As can be seen from the data, the cooling water pipe layout system designed using the design method of this invention can control the maximum concrete temperature to 63°C during the heating phase, which is consistent with the theoretical calculation result (65°C). During the cooling phase, the measured data closely matches the numerical simulation results. These data fully verify the reliability and applicability of the present invention's solution for the design of cooling water pipes for large-volume concrete.

[0115] Example 2:

[0116] A second embodiment provides a design system for a water cooling system for a large-volume concrete structure, including a parameter input module, a concrete structure surface temperature field model construction module, a concrete structure energy time history change model construction module, a concrete structure internal temperature model construction module during the heating stage, a cooling water pipe layout module, and a cooling water flow rate analysis module.

[0117] The parameter input module is used to input the design parameters of the concrete structure water cooling system;

[0118] The concrete structure surface temperature field model construction module is based on the equivalent thickness method to establish the concrete structure surface temperature field model and determine the thickness of the insulation layer;

[0119] The module for constructing the energy time-history variation model of concrete structures at each moment is based on the energy conservation principle and establishes the energy time-history variation model of concrete structures at each moment;

[0120] The internal temperature model construction module of the concrete structure during the heating stage is based on the energy time history change model of the concrete structure at each moment, and establishes the internal temperature model of the concrete structure during the heating stage;

[0121] The cooling water pipe layout module is used to determine the length of the cooling water pipe and to layout the cooling water pipe;

[0122] The cooling water flow rate analysis module is used to analyze and determine the cooling water flow rate;

[0123] Among them, the parameter input module, the concrete structure surface temperature field model construction module, the concrete structure energy time-history change model construction module at each moment, the concrete structure internal temperature model construction module during the heating stage, the cooling water pipe layout module and the cooling water flow rate analysis module are implemented based on the design method of the large-volume concrete structure water cooling system described in Example 1.

[0124] Example 3:

[0125] Embodiment 3 provides an electronic device, comprising at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; wherein the memory stores instructions to be executed by the processor, and the instructions are executed by the processor so that the processor can execute the design method of the large-volume concrete structure water cooling system described in embodiment 1.

[0126] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The foregoing embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A design method for a water cooling system for a large concrete structure, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Determine the design parameters of the concrete structure water cooling system; S2: Based on the equivalent thickness method, a surface temperature field model of the concrete structure is established to determine the thickness of the insulation layer; S3: Initialize the cooling water pipe length and, based on the energy conservation principle and under the boundary conditions of steps S1 and S2, establish a time-history energy change model for the concrete structure at each moment. S4: Based on the energy time history change model of the concrete structure at each moment, establish the internal temperature field model of the concrete structure during the heating stage; S5: Determine whether the maximum temperature inside the concrete structure during the heating stage meets the design requirements. If so, arrange the cooling water pipes according to their lengths. If not, repeat steps S3 and S4 to update the cooling water pipe lengths. S6: Laying out the cooling water pipes according to the cooling water pipe lengths determined in step S5; S7: Based on the layout of the cooling water pipes, determine the cooling rate of the concrete structure and the cooling water flow rate during the cooling phase, and complete the design of the concrete structure water cooling system; In step S3, the energy time history variation model of the concrete structure at each moment is expressed as: ； Where, is the analytical expression of energy change of large-volume concrete structure at different times, They are the mass of concrete to be poured, the specific heat capacity of concrete to be poured, the temperature of concrete entering the mold, the density of concrete to be poured, and the volume of concrete to be poured. is the correction coefficient for cement mixed with fly ash and slag powder, 、 are the side surface convection coefficient of the concrete structure and the top surface convection coefficient of the concrete structure, Indicates the ambient temperature, 、 are the side surface area of ​​the concrete structure and the top surface area of ​​the concrete structure, 、 are the side surface temperature and top surface temperature of the concrete structure at the current moment, is the cooling water pipe length, is the convection coefficient of the contact surface between the cooling water pipe and the concrete structure during the concrete structure heating stage, is the internal temperature of concrete, is the water temperature in the cooling water pipe, Release energy for cement at different times, For time; The specific operation of step S4 includes the following steps: S401: Calculate the overall average temperature of concrete structures ; S402: Constructing a temperature field model inside a concrete structure ; Represents the internal coordinates of the concrete structure; S403: Constructing a temperature field model of the concrete structure in the heating stage by combining the overall average temperature of the concrete structure and the temperature field model of the concrete structure; make , the internal temperature of the concrete structure during the heating stage can be obtained .

2. The design method of a water cooling system for a large-volume concrete structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The design parameters of the concrete structure water cooling system in step S1 include: the maximum temperature design value inside the concrete structure , Design value of temperature difference between inside and outside , cooling water pipe diameter , cooling water pipe wall thickness , Cooling water flow rate during the heating stage v , thermal insulation materials and thermal conductivity of thermal insulation materials.

3. The design method of a water cooling system for a large-volume concrete structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific operation of step S2 includes the following steps: S201: Establish a surface temperature field model of concrete structure based on the equivalent thickness method; S202: Determine the virtual thickness of the side surface of the concrete structure based on the surface temperature field model of the concrete structure and the virtual thickness of the top surface of the concrete structure ; S203: Based on the virtual thickness of the side surface of the concrete structure and the virtual thickness of the top surface of the concrete structure , determine the convection coefficient of the side surface of the concrete structure, the convection coefficient of the top surface of the concrete structure and the thickness of the insulation material.

4. The design method of a water cooling system for a large-volume concrete structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The temperature field model inside the concrete structure in step S402 is expressed as: ; Where, are the equivalent thicknesses of the concrete structure in the x, y, and z directions, respectively, , , ; are the distances from the center of the concrete structure to the surface in the x, y, and z directions plus the virtual thickness, and They represent the virtual thickness of the side surface of the concrete structure in the front-to-back direction and the virtual thickness of the side surface of the concrete structure in the left-to-right direction respectively.

5. The design method of a water cooling system for a large-volume concrete structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S6, the layout of the cooling water pipes satisfies: ； ； Where, are the length and width of the concrete structure respectively, The distance between the axis of the outermost cooling water pipe parallel to the length direction of the concrete structure and the edge of the side surface in the length direction of the concrete structure; The distance between the axis of the outermost cooling water pipe parallel to the width direction of the concrete structure and the edge of the side surface in the width direction of the concrete structure, d is the cooling water pipe layer spacing, n is the number of cooling water pipe layers.

6. The design method of a water cooling system for a large-volume concrete structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S7, the cooling water flow rate in the cooling stage is for: ； Where, is the convection coefficient of the contact surface between the cooling water pipe and the concrete structure during the cooling stage.

7. A design system for a water cooling system for a large concrete structure, characterized in that: It includes parameter input module, concrete structure surface temperature field model construction module, concrete structure energy time course change model construction module, concrete structure internal temperature model construction module during heating stage, cooling water pipe layout module and cooling water flow rate analysis module; The parameter input module is used to input the design parameters of the concrete structure water cooling system; The concrete structure surface temperature field model construction module is based on the equivalent thickness method to establish the concrete structure surface temperature field model and determine the thickness of the insulation layer; The module for constructing the energy time-history variation model of concrete structures at each moment is based on the energy conservation principle and establishes the energy time-history variation model of concrete structures at each moment; The internal temperature model construction module of the concrete structure during the heating stage is based on the energy time history change model of the concrete structure at each moment, and establishes the internal temperature model of the concrete structure during the heating stage; The cooling water pipe layout module is used to determine the length of the cooling water pipe and to layout the cooling water pipe; The cooling water flow rate analysis module is used to analyze and determine the cooling water flow rate; Among them, the parameter input module, the concrete structure surface temperature field model construction module, the concrete structure energy time course change model construction module at each moment, the concrete structure internal temperature model construction module during the heating stage, the cooling water pipe layout module and the cooling water flow rate analysis module are implemented based on the design method of the large-volume concrete structure water cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises at least one processor; and a memory in communication with the processor; wherein the memory stores instructions to be executed by the processor, and the instructions are executed by the processor so that the processor can execute the design method of the water cooling system of the massive concrete structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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