Water resource space-time equilibrium evaluation method and system, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a water resource space-time equilibrium assessment method and system, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining water resource supply and demand basic attribute data of a to-be-assessed region, and carrying out the construction of space-time two-dimensional matrix data according to the water resource supply and demand basic attribute data; calculating according to the space-time two-dimensional matrix data to obtain a preset Gini coefficient; calculating according to the space-time two-dimensional matrix data to obtain a preset Tele index; and performing balance degree evaluation according to the preset Gini coefficient and the preset Tele index to obtain a space-time balance degree evaluation result. According to the embodiment of the invention, the water resource difference between different areas can be effectively reflected, and the time characteristic of the water resource change can be reflected, so that the relatively comprehensive water resource space-time equilibrium evaluation can be realized. The method can be widely applied to the technical field of water resource evaluation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of water resource assessment, and in particular to a method, system, electronic device and storage medium for water resource spatiotemporal balance assessment. Background Art

[0002] Water resources are a fundamental and strategic resource for economic and social development. While existing technologies for analyzing the spatial balance of water resources can analyze static spatial distribution, they struggle to capture dynamic changes within or between years. For example, the abundance of water resources in southern China can mask seasonal and interannual shortages, making it difficult to comprehensively assess water resource balance.

[0003] In summary, the technical problems existing in the relevant technologies need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to propose a method, system, electronic device and storage medium for evaluating the spatiotemporal balance of water resources, which can effectively reflect the differences in water resources between different regions and reflect the temporal characteristics of water resource changes, thereby achieving a more comprehensive spatiotemporal balance evaluation of water resources.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for evaluating spatiotemporal balance of water resources, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] Obtaining basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand in the area to be assessed, and constructing spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data based on the basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand;

[0007] Calculate a preset Gini coefficient based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data;

[0008] Calculate a preset Theil index based on the space-time two-dimensional matrix data;

[0009] A balance evaluation is performed based on the preset Gini coefficient and the preset Theil index to obtain a spatiotemporal balance evaluation result.

[0010] In some embodiments, obtaining basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand in the area to be assessed, and constructing spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data based on the basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand, includes:

[0011] Divide the area to be evaluated according to a preset area division rule to obtain a number of preset sub-areas;

[0012] Acquire the water resource supply and demand basic attribute data of each of the preset sub-areas within a preset time period; wherein the water resource supply and demand basic attribute data includes water resource quantity data and water demand basic attribute data;

[0013] The spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data is constructed based on the preset sub-region and the water resources supply and demand basic attribute data.

[0014] In some embodiments, calculating a preset Gini coefficient based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data includes:

[0015] Constructing a spatial distance matrix according to the spatial distance data of the preset sub-regions;

[0016] Constructing a time distance matrix based on the time distance data of the water resources supply and demand basic attribute data;

[0017] A spatiotemporal distance weight matrix is ​​calculated based on the spatial distance matrix and the temporal distance matrix, and a distance-weighted two-dimensional Gini coefficient is calculated based on the spatiotemporal distance weight matrix and the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data.

[0018] In some embodiments, calculating a preset Gini coefficient based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data further includes:

[0019] Constructing a preset block window to traverse the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data according to the preset block window to obtain a plurality of sub-blocks; wherein the preset block window includes a spatial dimension window and a temporal dimension window;

[0020] Calculating the preset Gini coefficient corresponding to each sub-block;

[0021] Data visualization is performed according to the preset Gini coefficient to generate a Gini coefficient surface graph.

[0022] In some embodiments, calculating a preset Theil index based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data includes:

[0023] Grouping the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data according to a preset division condition to obtain a plurality of groups of preset feature data; wherein the preset division condition includes a time condition or a space condition;

[0024] Calculate preset inter-group imbalance data based on the preset characteristic data;

[0025] Calculate preset intra-group imbalance data based on the preset characteristic data;

[0026] The spatiotemporal Theil index is calculated based on the preset inter-group imbalance data and the preset intra-group imbalance data.

[0027] In some embodiments, performing the balance assessment according to the preset Gini coefficient and the preset Theil index to obtain a spatiotemporal balance assessment result includes:

[0028] According to the preset Gini coefficient, a preset Gini value evaluation table is searched to determine first balance evaluation data;

[0029] According to the preset Theil index, a preset Theil index evaluation table is searched to determine the second balance evaluation data;

[0030] The spatiotemporal balance evaluation result is obtained by analyzing the first balance evaluation data and the second balance evaluation data.

[0031] In some embodiments, the preset Theil index includes a first Theil index and a second Theil index; the first Theil index is calculated by grouping the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data according to a time condition, and the second Theil index is calculated by grouping the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data according to a spatial condition;

[0032] The step of querying a preset Theil index evaluation table according to the preset Theil index to determine the second balance evaluation data includes:

[0033] Performing an overall balance assessment based on the first Theil index and the second Theil index to obtain third balance evaluation data;

[0034] querying the preset Theil index evaluation table according to the first Theil index, performing a balance analysis based on the first evaluation grade data obtained from the query, and obtaining fourth balance evaluation data;

[0035] querying the preset Theil index evaluation table according to the second Theil index, performing a balance analysis based on the second evaluation level data obtained from the query, and obtaining fifth balance evaluation data;

[0036] The second balance evaluation data is determined according to the third balance evaluation data, the fourth balance evaluation data, and the fifth balance evaluation data.

[0037] To achieve the above objectives, another aspect of the present application provides a water resources spatiotemporal balance assessment system, the system comprising:

[0038] The first module is used to obtain basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand in the area to be evaluated, and to construct spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data based on the basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand;

[0039] The second module is used to calculate a preset Gini coefficient based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data;

[0040] A third module is configured to calculate a preset Theil index based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data;

[0041] The fourth module is used to perform a balance assessment based on the preset Gini coefficient and the preset Theil index to obtain a spatiotemporal balance assessment result.

[0042] To achieve the above-mentioned object, another aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0043] at least one processor;

[0044] at least one memory for storing at least one program;

[0045] When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the above method.

[0046] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, another aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program implements the above-mentioned method when executed by a processor.

[0047] The embodiments of the present application include at least the following beneficial effects: The present application provides a method, system, electronic device, and storage medium for assessing spatiotemporal balance of water resources. The solution obtains basic attribute data of water resource supply and demand in the area to be assessed, constructs spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data based on the basic attribute data of water resource supply and demand, and then calculates a preset Gini coefficient and a preset Theil index based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data. The balance is assessed based on the preset Gini coefficient and the preset Theil index, and a spatiotemporal balance assessment result is obtained, thereby achieving a spatiotemporal balance assessment of water resources. It is easy to understand that the embodiments of the present invention expand the dimension of water resource balance assessment from one spatial dimension to two spatial dimensions by constructing the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data and then performing the balance assessment based on the preset Gini coefficient and the preset Theil index calculated from the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data. This can reflect the imbalance of water resources in space and time, effectively reflect the differences in water resources between different regions, and reflect the temporal characteristics of water resource changes, thereby achieving a more comprehensive spatiotemporal balance assessment of water resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the spatiotemporal balance of water resources provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 is a Gini coefficient surface graph provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a histogram of the spatiotemporal decomposition of the Theil index provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the water resources spatiotemporal balance assessment system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the embodiments of the present application. They are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0054] It will be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application may be used herein to describe various concepts, but unless otherwise specified, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the words "if" and "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0055] The terms "at least one", "plurality", "each", "any", etc. used in this application include "at least one", "two" or more, "plurality" or "each", "any" or "any one", "each" or "any one" as used herein.

[0056] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0057] Before explaining the embodiments of the present application in detail, some of the nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are first explained. The nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are subject to the following explanations.

[0058] Water resources are essential and strategic resources for economic and social development. Related technologies often assess spatial water resource balance based on regional water resources (e.g., total natural water resources, total available water resources), or indicators calculated based on total water resources and socioeconomic aggregates (e.g., per capita water resources, water resources per unit of GDP). While traditional indicators like the Gini coefficient are often used to analyze spatial imbalances, they only reflect static spatial distribution and fail to capture dynamic changes within and between years. This is particularly true in southern China, where abundant water resources can mask seasonal and interannual shortages.

[0059] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a method, system, electronic device and storage medium for evaluating the spatiotemporal balance of water resources. The scheme obtains basic attribute data of water resource supply and demand in the area to be evaluated, and constructs spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data based on the basic attribute data of water resource supply and demand, and then calculates a preset Gini coefficient and a preset Theil index based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data, and performs a balance evaluation based on the preset Gini coefficient and the preset Theil index to obtain a spatiotemporal balance evaluation result, which can effectively reflect the differences in water resources between different regions and can reflect the temporal characteristics of water resource changes, thereby realizing a more comprehensive spatiotemporal balance evaluation of water resources.

[0060] The water resources spatiotemporal balance assessment method provided in the embodiment of the present application relates to the field of water resources assessment technology. The water resources spatiotemporal balance assessment method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a terminal, can also be applied to a server, and can also be software running in a terminal or a server. In some embodiments, the terminal can be a smart phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a smart speaker, a smart watch, and a car terminal, etc., but is not limited to this; the server side can be configured as an independent physical server, or can be configured as a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, and can also be configured as a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDN, and big data and artificial intelligence platforms. The server can also be a node server in a blockchain network; the software can be an application that implements the water resources spatiotemporal balance assessment method, etc., but is not limited to the above forms.

[0061] The present application can be used in many general or special computer system environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices, and the like. The present application can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, and the like that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. The present application can also be practiced in distributed computing environments in which tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected via a communication network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can be located in local and remote computer storage media, including storage devices.

[0062] Figure 1 This is an optional flow chart of the water resources spatiotemporal balance assessment method provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 The method may include but is not limited to steps S110 to S140.

[0063] Step S110: obtaining basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand in the area to be assessed, and constructing spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data based on the basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand.

[0064] Step S120: Calculate a preset Gini coefficient based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data.

[0065] Step S130: Calculate and obtain a preset Theil index based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data.

[0066] Step S140: Perform a balance assessment based on a preset Gini coefficient and a preset Theil index to obtain a spatiotemporal balance assessment result.

[0067] During the operation of this specific embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention first obtains basic water resource supply and demand attribute data for the area to be assessed, and then constructs spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data based on this basic water resource supply and demand attribute data. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the area to be assessed refers to a region requiring water resource balance assessment, such as a province or river basin. Accordingly, the embodiment of the present invention obtains preset basic water resource supply and demand attribute data for the area to be assessed, such as basic water resource supply and demand attribute data for the area over different time periods (e.g., monthly, quarterly, or annual). Specifically, the basic water resource supply and demand attribute data in the embodiment of the present invention refers to water resource supply and demand-related data for the relevant area, such as hydrometeorological data and socioeconomic data. Accordingly, the embodiment of the present invention constructs spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data by statistically analyzing the collected basic water resource supply and demand attribute data for the area to be assessed over different time periods. Next, the embodiment of the present invention calculates a preset Gini coefficient and a preset Theil index based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data. Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention uses the Gini coefficient and the Theil index as indicators for assessing spatiotemporal water resource balance. Accordingly, the embodiment of the present invention calculates the preset Gini coefficient and the Theil index based on the eigenvalues ​​in the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data. Finally, the embodiment of the present invention performs a balance assessment based on a preset Gini coefficient and a preset Theil index to obtain a spatiotemporal balance assessment result. Specifically, by analyzing the preset Gini coefficient and the preset Theil index, the embodiment of the present invention can effectively reflect the differences in water resources between different regions and the temporal characteristics of seasonal and interannual changes. This allows for a more scientific and comprehensive quantitative analysis of the water resource supply and demand pattern, providing strong decision-making support for the optimal allocation and precise regulation of regional water resources.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present invention, obtaining basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand in the area to be assessed, and constructing spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data based on the basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand, include but are not limited to the following steps:

[0069] The area to be evaluated is divided according to the preset area division rules to obtain several preset sub-areas.

[0070] Obtain basic attribute data of water resource supply and demand for each preset sub-region within a preset time period, wherein the basic attribute data of water resource supply and demand includes water resource quantity data and water demand basic attribute data.

[0071] The spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data is constructed based on the preset sub-regions and basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand.

[0072] In this specific embodiment, the present invention first divides the area to be assessed according to preset regional division rules to obtain a number of preset sub-areas. Specifically, the preset regional division rules in the present invention refer to pre-set regional division conditions, such as administrative regions (e.g., cities, counties) or hydrological units (e.g., sub-watersheds). Accordingly, the present invention divides the area to be assessed into a number of preset sub-areas based on the determined division method. Next, the present invention obtains basic attribute data on water resource supply and demand for each preset sub-area within a preset time period. Specifically, the basic attribute data on water resource supply and demand in the present invention includes water resource quantity data and water demand basic attribute data. The present invention collects the amount of natural water resources or available water resources in each sub-area within a certain time period T (e.g., a month, quarter, or year) to obtain water resource quantity data. At the same time, it collects data reflecting water demand (basic attribute data on water demand), such as the population, economic scale (GDP), and agricultural irrigated area of ​​each sub-area. Furthermore, the present invention constructs spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data based on the preset sub-areas and the basic attribute data on water resource supply and demand. Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention obtains a spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix by counting the water resources and water demand of each sub-region at different time periods, as shown in the following formula (1):

[0073] W i,t i∈{1,2,…,N},t∈{1,2,…,T}(1)

[0074] Among them, W i,t represents the characteristic value of the i-th region in the t-th period. Accordingly, the characteristic value can select different indicators according to the evaluation object. For example, if the evaluation object is water resources, then W i,t It can be represented by the amount of natural water resources or the amount of available water resources (such as the amount of water resources after deducting the ecological base flow or the amount of water resources whose water quality does not meet the utilization requirements). For example, if the assessment object is water stress or water demand, then W i,t It can be represented by per capita water resources, water resources available per unit GDP, and water resources available per mu of farmland irrigation. Accordingly, in the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix constructed in the embodiment of the present invention, the rows represent sub-regions and the columns represent the time series data of each sub-region.

[0075] It should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention constructs the spatiotemporal balance evaluation index based on an integrated approach: "sub-regions" and "time periods" are regarded as basic units, and each unit corresponds to one of the above-mentioned characteristic values ​​W i,t Theoretically, if the eigenvalues ​​between these units are more "average", it means that both time and space are more balanced; conversely, if the difference is greater, it means that there is obvious time and space concentration.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present invention, calculating a preset Gini coefficient based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data includes but is not limited to the following steps:

[0077] Construct a spatial distance matrix based on the spatial distance data of the preset sub-regions.

[0078] A time distance matrix is ​​constructed based on the time distance data of basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand.

[0079] The space-time distance weight matrix is ​​calculated based on the spatial distance matrix and the time distance matrix, and the distance-weighted two-dimensional Gini coefficient is calculated based on the space-time distance weight matrix and the space-time two-dimensional matrix data.

[0080] In this specific embodiment, the present invention first constructs a spatial distance matrix based on the spatial distance data of the preset sub-regions, and constructs a temporal distance matrix based on the temporal distance data of the basic attribute data of water resource supply and demand. Then, a spatiotemporal distance weight matrix is ​​calculated based on the spatial distance matrix and the temporal distance matrix. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the spatial distance function and the temporal distance function are linear functions, as shown in the following equations (2) and (3), respectively:

[0081] f space (d ij )=1-d ij / d max (2)

[0082] f time (d ts )=1-d ts / t max (3)

[0083] Among them, d max Refers to the distance between two sub-areas in all study areas; t max Refers to the difference between the two farthest moments in time dimension; d ij is the spatial distance between sub-region i and sub-region j; d ts It is the time distance between period t and period s (month difference, quarter difference, etc.).

[0084] Accordingly, the embodiment of the present invention constructs the corresponding spatial distance matrix and temporal distance matrix through the above-mentioned spatial distance function and temporal distance function. Furthermore, the spatiotemporal distance weight matrix in the embodiment of the present invention is defined as the spatial distance function f space (d ij ) and the time distance function f time (d ts ), as shown in the following formula (4):

[0085] δ(i,j,t,s)=f space(d ij )×f time (d ts ) (4)

[0086] Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention calculates a spatiotemporal distance weight matrix by multiplying the spatial distance matrix by the temporal distance matrix.

[0087] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present invention calculates a distance-weighted two-dimensional Gini coefficient based on the spatiotemporal distance weight matrix and the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data. Specifically, the preset Gini coefficient in the embodiment of the present invention includes a distance-weighted two-dimensional Gini coefficient, as shown in the following formula (5):

[0088]

[0089] Wherein, δ(i,j,t,s) is the spatiotemporal distance weight function; is the overall mean; j and i are both sub-region labels, i,j∈{1,2,…,N}; t and s are both time period labels, t,s∈{1,2,…,T}.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present invention, calculating a preset Gini coefficient based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data further includes but is not limited to the following steps:

[0091] A preset block window is constructed to traverse the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data according to the preset block window to obtain a plurality of sub-blocks, wherein the preset block window includes a spatial dimension window and a temporal dimension window.

[0092] Calculate the preset Gini coefficient corresponding to each sub-block.

[0093] Data visualization is performed based on the preset Gini coefficient to generate a Gini coefficient surface plot.

[0094] In this specific embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention first constructs a preset block window, and then traverses the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data according to the preset block window to obtain a number of sub-blocks, and then calculates the preset Gini coefficient corresponding to each sub-block. Specifically, in order to more intuitively show the changing trend of water resource imbalance at different time and space positions, the embodiment of the present invention first sets a preset block window, including a spatial dimension window and a time dimension window. For example, the embodiment of the present invention sets the spatial dimension window Δi and the time dimension window Δt of the block, then each block is a matrix of size Δi×Δt. Then, the embodiment of the present invention traverses all possible sub-blocks W on the entire data matrix. (i,t) =[W i:i+Δi ,W t:t+Δt ], and calculate each sub-block W (i,t) The Gini coefficient G (i,t)Furthermore, the embodiment of the present invention performs data visualization based on the calculated preset Gini coefficient to generate a Gini coefficient surface graph. Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention plots the three-dimensional data (i, t, G) as a surface graph to obtain a Gini coefficient surface graph, such as Figure 2 As shown. Among them, Figure 2 The time axis represents the alternating characteristics of water resources over the annual cycle; the spatial axis represents the structural differences in water resource endowments across different subregions; the colors from blue to yellow correspond to Gini coefficient values ​​from low to high, with higher Gini coefficient values ​​indicating lower spatiotemporal balance of water resources in that region (i.e., a subregion within a certain time period). It is easy to understand that, through this approach, the embodiments of the present invention can further identify imbalance hotspots within specific time periods and spatial regions based on the analysis of the overall spatiotemporal balance of water resources, further helping to reveal the structural characteristics and evolutionary patterns of spatiotemporal imbalances.

[0095] In some embodiments of the present invention, calculating a preset Theil index based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data includes but is not limited to the following steps:

[0096] The time-space two-dimensional matrix data is grouped according to preset division conditions to obtain a plurality of groups of preset feature data, wherein the preset division conditions include time conditions or space conditions.

[0097] The preset inter-group imbalance data is calculated based on the preset characteristic data.

[0098] The preset intra-group imbalance data is calculated based on the preset characteristic data.

[0099] The space-time Theil index is calculated based on the preset inter-group imbalance data and the preset intra-group imbalance data.

[0100] In this specific embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention first groups the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data according to preset division conditions to obtain several groups of preset characteristic data, and then calculates preset inter-group imbalance data and preset intra-group imbalance data based on the preset characteristic data, and then calculates the spatiotemporal Theil index. Specifically, the preset division conditions in the embodiment of the present invention include time conditions and space conditions. Exemplarily, the embodiment of the present invention first groups the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data according to time conditions, and then divides the data within the group according to space conditions, that is, distinguishes space within the group. For example, the embodiment of the present invention groups by time, that is, each time period t is regarded as a group, and there are T groups in total. Each time period corresponds to a 1×N matrix, and T time periods will obtain T 1×N matrices. For example, based on the water resource data of 21 cities in a province from 1960 to 2024, the spatiotemporal balance of water resources is analyzed. Then, each year has a group of water resource data for 21 cities. Accordingly, the tth group contains all regions i=1,2,…,N, and the total eigenvalue of the group is W t and mean They are shown in the following equations (6) and (7) respectively:

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] Accordingly, the embodiment of the present invention calculates the inter-group imbalance That is, it measures the imbalance in the time dimension and reflects the contribution of the difference in average water volume in different time periods to the overall imbalance, as shown in the following formula (8):

[0104]

[0105] Next, the embodiment of the present invention calculates the intra-group imbalance That is, it measures the imbalance in the spatial dimension and reflects the contribution of distribution differences between regions in the same time period, as shown in the following formula (9):

[0106]

[0107] Accordingly, the embodiment of the present invention calculates the spatiotemporal Theil index, i.e., the overall imbalance T, based on the calculated preset inter-group imbalance data and the preset intra-group imbalance data. total , as shown in the following formula (10):

[0108]

[0109] Alternatively, the embodiment of the present invention can also group the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data according to spatial conditions first, and then divide it according to time conditions within the group, that is, distinguish time within the group. For example, the embodiment of the present invention groups by space, that is, each sub-region i is regarded as a group, and there are N groups in total. Among them, the i-th group contains all time periods t = 1, 2, ..., T, then the total number of eigenvalues ​​of this group W i and mean They are shown in the following equations (11) and (12) respectively:

[0110]

[0111]

[0112] Next, the embodiment of the present invention calculates the inter-group imbalance That is, it measures the imbalance in the spatial dimension and reflects the contribution of the overall average value difference of different regions to the imbalance, as shown in the following formula (13):

[0113]

[0114] Then, the embodiment of the present invention calculates the intra-group imbalance That is, it measures the imbalance in the time dimension and reflects the unequal contribution of time allocation within each region, as shown in the following formula (14):

[0115]

[0116] Accordingly, the embodiment of the present invention calculates the overall imbalance degree T total , as shown in the following formula (15):

[0117]

[0118] In some embodiments of the present invention, performing a balance assessment based on a preset Gini coefficient and a preset Theil index to obtain a spatiotemporal balance assessment result includes but is not limited to the following steps:

[0119] A preset Gini value evaluation table is queried according to the preset Gini coefficient to determine the first balance evaluation data.

[0120] A preset Theil index evaluation table is queried according to the preset Theil index to determine the second balance evaluation data.

[0121] An analysis is performed based on the first balance evaluation data and the second balance evaluation data to obtain a spatiotemporal balance evaluation result.

[0122] In this specific embodiment, the present invention performs an assessment and analysis of the spatiotemporal balance of water resources based on two water resource spatiotemporal balance assessment indicators (a preset Gini coefficient and a preset Theil index). First, the present invention determines the first balance evaluation data by querying a preset Gini value evaluation table. Specifically, the present invention first sets a Gini value interval to assess the spatiotemporal balance, as shown in Table 1 below:

[0123] Table 1

[0124] Gini value range Evaluation level 0.00–0.15 Highly balanced 0.15–0.30 Higher balance 0.30–0.50 Moderate Balance 0.50–0.70 Obvious imbalance >0.70 Serious imbalance

[0125] Accordingly, in the embodiment of the present invention, the Gini coefficient (distance-weighted two-dimensional Gini coefficient G 2D,δ ) ranges from [0 to 1]. Values ​​closer to 0 indicate a more balanced spatiotemporal distribution of water resources; values ​​closer to 1 indicate a more uneven spatiotemporal distribution of water resources. The distance-weighted two-dimensional Gini coefficient in Table 1 is primarily used to measure the degree of uneven distribution of water resources across the entire spatiotemporal matrix.

[0126] Next, the embodiment of the present invention searches the preset Theil index evaluation table according to the preset Theil index to determine the second balance evaluation data. Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention presets the Theil index T totalThe numerical range of is [0, ln(N×T)]. The closer the value is to 0, the more balanced the spatiotemporal distribution of water resources is; the larger the value is, the more unbalanced the spatiotemporal distribution of water resources is. To facilitate decision analysis, the embodiment of the present invention first normalizes the preset Theil index to the range of [0, 1], as shown in the following formula (16):

[0127]

[0128] Among them, T total,norm The preset Theil index T total The normalized value.

[0129] Similarly, the embodiment of the present invention can also perform standardization on the indicators after time-space decomposition to and For example, they are shown in the following equations (17) and (18):

[0130]

[0131]

[0132] Accordingly, the normalized preset Theil index is calculated as shown in the following formula (19):

[0133]

[0134] Among them, and They are and The normalized value.

[0135] At the same time, the embodiment of the present invention constructs a preset Theil index evaluation table, and sets the Theil index value range to evaluate the spatiotemporal balance, as shown in Table 2 below:

[0136] Table 2

[0137]

[0138]

[0139] Among them, Table 2 above can measure the degree of imbalance in the distribution of water resources in the entire time-space matrix. Accordingly, the embodiment of the present invention can evaluate the imbalance of water resources in time and space based on the calculation ideas of the above two preset Theil indexes. For example, if the imbalance between time groups is or imbalance within regional groups If the imbalance degree is large, it means that the gap between water resources in different months / quarters / years is obvious; if the imbalance degree within the time group is large, it means that the gap between water resources in different months / quarters / years is obvious; or regional imbalance between groups If the difference is large, it means that there is a large gap in the total amount of water resources between regions.

[0140] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present invention analyzes the first and second balance evaluation data obtained through evaluation to obtain a spatiotemporal balance evaluation result. Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention combines the first balance evaluation data obtained through a preset Gini coefficient evaluation analysis with the second balance evaluation data obtained through a preset Theil index evaluation analysis to perform a balance analysis, thereby enabling a more scientific and comprehensive quantitative analysis of the water resource supply and demand pattern, providing strong decision-making support for the optimal allocation and precise regulation of regional water resources.

[0141] In some embodiments of the present invention, the preset Theil index includes a first Theil index and a second Theil index. The first Theil index is calculated by grouping the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data according to time conditions, i.e., by first dividing the data by time conditions and then performing spatial division within the groups. The second Theil index is calculated by grouping the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data according to space conditions, i.e., by first dividing the data by space conditions and then performing time division within the groups. Accordingly, in embodiments of the present invention, querying a preset Theil index evaluation table based on the preset Theil index to determine the second balance evaluation data includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0142] An overall balance assessment is conducted based on the first Theil index and the second Theil index to obtain the third balance evaluation data.

[0143] A preset Theil index evaluation table is queried according to the first Theil index, and a balance analysis is performed based on the first evaluation grade data obtained by the query to obtain fourth balance evaluation data.

[0144] A preset Theil index evaluation table is queried according to the second Theil index, and a balance analysis is performed based on the second evaluation level data obtained by the query to obtain fifth balance evaluation data.

[0145] The second balance evaluation data is determined based on the third balance evaluation data, the fourth balance evaluation data, and the fifth balance evaluation data.

[0146] In this specific embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention first performs an overall balance evaluation based on the first Theil index and the second Theil index to obtain third balance evaluation data. Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention first performs an overall balance evaluation based on the preset Theil index calculated by the two spatiotemporal Theil index calculation ideas. For example, Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The time (here is year) and space (here is city) imbalances are shown after further decomposing the spatiotemporal Theil index of a region. Figure 3The overall height of the two columns represents the overall spatiotemporal balance of water resources in the region, where group (a) is 0.18 and group (b) is 0.23, both in the range of 0.15–0.30. Therefore, the overall spatiotemporal balance of water resources in the region is moderately balanced. Next, the embodiment of the present invention queries the preset Theil index evaluation table based on the first Theil index and the second Theil index, thereby determining the corresponding evaluation levels, i.e., the first evaluation level data and the second evaluation level data, and then performs a balance analysis to determine the corresponding fourth balance evaluation data and the fifth balance evaluation data. Specifically, in the example of the present invention, the first Theil index and the second Theil index are spatiotemporal Theil indices. The embodiment of the present invention performs a spatiotemporal balance analysis on the first Theil index and the second Theil index, respectively. For example, Figure 3 As shown, in group (a), the imbalance between groups The difference in water resources in the region between different years is small; the intra-group imbalance is 0.12, indicating that the water resources in different cities in the same year are quite different. The value is 0.18, which means that the average water resources among different cities vary greatly over the years; the imbalance degree within the group is 0.05, indicating that the difference in water resources between different years in the same city is small. Finally, the embodiment of the present invention determines the second balance evaluation data based on the third balance evaluation data, the fourth balance evaluation data, and the fifth balance evaluation data. Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention analyzes the corresponding overall balance evaluation results and the spatiotemporal balance analysis results to determine the balance evaluation results based on the spatiotemporal Theil index. For example, through the above Figure 3 Analysis of the central region shows that the imbalance in water resources in this region stems primarily from structural differences in water resource distribution across different prefecture-level cities. Accordingly, the spatiotemporal balance assessment results derived from this analysis can inform decision-making regarding water resource management. For example, recommendations for water network layout could prioritize strengthening the interconnectivity of the region's internal water networks, followed by consideration of reservoir construction and other storage and regulation projects.

[0147] It should be noted that in some embodiments of the present invention, after calculating the distance-weighted two-dimensional Gini coefficient and the spatiotemporal Theil index, at least one of the distance-weighted two-dimensional Gini coefficient and the spatiotemporal Theil index can be used to assess the spatiotemporal balance of water resources. This can reflect water resource differences between different regions and reflect the temporal characteristics of water resource changes, thereby achieving a more comprehensive assessment of the spatiotemporal balance of water resources. It is easy to understand that related technologies focus on analyzing water resource balance from a spatial dimension, but this fails to fully reflect the characteristics of water resources. For example, it cannot accurately reflect the characteristics of abundant total water resources in southern China but uneven distribution within and between years. To address this problem, embodiments of the present invention propose a water resource balance assessment method that simultaneously considers both spatial and temporal distribution. This method not only effectively reflects water resource differences between different regions, but also reflects the temporal characteristics of seasonal and interannual changes. It can more scientifically and comprehensively quantify the water resource supply and demand pattern in southern China, providing strong decision-making support for regional water resource optimization and precise regulation.

[0148] See also Figure 4 The present application also provides a water resources spatiotemporal balance assessment system, which can implement the above-mentioned water resources spatiotemporal balance assessment method. The system includes:

[0149] The first module 210 is used to obtain basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand in the area to be evaluated, so as to construct spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data based on the basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand.

[0150] The second module 220 is configured to calculate a preset Gini coefficient based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data.

[0151] The third module 230 is configured to calculate a preset Theil index based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data.

[0152] The fourth module 240 is used to perform a balance assessment based on a preset Gini coefficient and a preset Theil index to obtain a spatiotemporal balance assessment result.

[0153] It can be understood that the contents of the above method embodiments are all applicable to the present system embodiments, the functions specifically implemented by the present system embodiments are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0154] The present application also provides an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the above-described method for assessing spatiotemporal water resource balance. The electronic device can be any smart terminal, such as a tablet computer or an in-vehicle computer.

[0155] It can be understood that the contents of the above method embodiments are applicable to the present device embodiments, the functions specifically implemented by the present device embodiments are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0156] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 The hardware structure of an electronic device according to another embodiment is shown. The electronic device includes:

[0157] The processor 310 may be implemented as a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is configured to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0158] The memory 320 can be implemented in the form of a read-only memory (ROM), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or a random access memory (RAM). The memory 320 can store an operating system and other application programs. When the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification are implemented through software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in the memory 320 and is called by the processor 310 to execute the water resources spatiotemporal balance assessment method of the embodiments of this application.

[0159] Input / output interface 330, used to implement information input and output;

[0160] Communication interface 340, used to implement communication interaction between this device and other devices, which can be achieved through wired means (such as USB, network cable, etc.) or wireless means (such as mobile network, WiFi, Bluetooth, etc.);

[0161] bus 350 , which transmits information between the various components of the device (e.g., processor 310 , memory 320 , input / output interface 330 , and communication interface 340 );

[0162] The processor 310 , the memory 320 , the input / output interface 330 and the communication interface 340 are connected to each other in communication within the device via the bus 350 .

[0163] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the above-mentioned water resources spatiotemporal balance assessment method.

[0164] It can be understood that the contents of the above method embodiments are all applicable to the present storage medium embodiment, the functions specifically implemented by the present storage medium embodiment are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0165] The memory, as a non-transient computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transient software programs and non-transient computer executable programs. In addition, the memory may include a high-speed random access memory and may also include a non-transient memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transient solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory may optionally include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor, and these remote memories may be connected to the processor via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0166] The embodiments described in the embodiments of this application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0167] Those skilled in the art will understand that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application, and may include more or fewer steps than shown in the figures, or a combination of certain steps, or different steps.

[0168] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, i.e., they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of this embodiment.

[0169] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps in the methods, systems, and functional modules / units in the devices disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or appropriate combinations thereof.

[0170] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0171] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0172] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the above-mentioned units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0173] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0174] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0175] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes multiple instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store programs, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0176] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and essence of the present invention should be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the spatiotemporal balance of water resources, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Obtaining basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand in the area to be assessed, and constructing spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data based on the basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand; Calculate a preset Gini coefficient based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data; Calculate a preset Theil index based on the space-time two-dimensional matrix data; A balance evaluation is performed based on the preset Gini coefficient and the preset Theil index to obtain a spatiotemporal balance evaluation result.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of obtaining basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand in the area to be assessed, and constructing spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data based on the basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand, includes: Divide the area to be evaluated according to a preset area division rule to obtain a number of preset sub-areas; Acquire the water resource supply and demand basic attribute data of each of the preset sub-areas within a preset time period; wherein the water resource supply and demand basic attribute data includes water resource quantity data and water demand basic attribute data; The spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data is constructed based on the preset sub-region and the water resources supply and demand basic attribute data.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The step of calculating a preset Gini coefficient based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data includes: Constructing a spatial distance matrix according to the spatial distance data of the preset sub-regions; Constructing a time distance matrix based on the time distance data of the water resources supply and demand basic attribute data; A spatiotemporal distance weight matrix is ​​calculated based on the spatial distance matrix and the temporal distance matrix, and a distance-weighted two-dimensional Gini coefficient is calculated based on the spatiotemporal distance weight matrix and the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The step of calculating a preset Gini coefficient based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data further includes: Constructing a preset block window to traverse the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data according to the preset block window to obtain a plurality of sub-blocks; wherein the preset block window includes a spatial dimension window and a temporal dimension window; Calculating the preset Gini coefficient corresponding to each sub-block; Data visualization is performed according to the preset Gini coefficient to generate a Gini coefficient surface graph.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The step of calculating a preset Theil index based on the space-time two-dimensional matrix data includes: Grouping the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data according to a preset division condition to obtain a plurality of groups of preset feature data; wherein the preset division condition includes a time condition or a space condition; Calculate preset inter-group imbalance data based on the preset characteristic data; Calculate preset intra-group imbalance data based on the preset characteristic data; The spatiotemporal Theil index is calculated based on the preset inter-group imbalance data and the preset intra-group imbalance data.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein The balance evaluation is performed according to the preset Gini coefficient and the preset Theil index to obtain a spatiotemporal balance evaluation result, including: According to the preset Gini coefficient, a preset Gini value evaluation table is searched to determine first balance evaluation data; According to the preset Theil index, a preset Theil index evaluation table is searched to determine the second balance evaluation data; The spatiotemporal balance evaluation result is obtained by analyzing the first balance evaluation data and the second balance evaluation data.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The preset Theil index includes a first Theil index and a second Theil index; the first Theil index is calculated by grouping the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data according to a time condition, and the second Theil index is calculated by grouping the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data according to a spatial condition; The step of querying a preset Theil index evaluation table according to the preset Theil index to determine the second balance evaluation data includes: Performing an overall balance assessment based on the first Theil index and the second Theil index to obtain third balance evaluation data; querying the preset Theil index evaluation table according to the first Theil index, performing a balance analysis based on the first evaluation grade data obtained from the query, and obtaining fourth balance evaluation data; querying the preset Theil index evaluation table according to the second Theil index, performing a balance analysis based on the second evaluation level data obtained from the query, and obtaining fifth balance evaluation data; The second balance evaluation data is determined according to the third balance evaluation data, the fourth balance evaluation data, and the fifth balance evaluation data.

8. A water resources spatiotemporal balance assessment system, characterized in that: The system comprises: The first module is used to obtain basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand in the area to be evaluated, and to construct spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data based on the basic attribute data of water resources supply and demand; The second module is used to calculate a preset Gini coefficient based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data; A third module is configured to calculate a preset Theil index based on the spatiotemporal two-dimensional matrix data; The fourth module is used to perform a balance assessment based on the preset Gini coefficient and the preset Theil index to obtain a spatiotemporal balance assessment result.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; at least one memory for storing at least one program; When the at least one program is executed by the at least one processor, the at least one processor implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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