Feed medicine composition for treating ileitis of piglets as well as preparation method and application of feed medicine composition

Abstract

The invention discloses a feed pharmaceutical composition for treating ileitis of piglets, a preparation method and application, and belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicine preparations, the feed pharmaceutical composition comprises a component A and a component B. The component A comprises, by weight, 10-20 parts of licorice roots, 10-20 parts of Chinese dates, 10-30 parts of baked ginger, 10-15 parts of pomegranate rind and 5-10 parts of Chinese yam; the component B is prepared from 6.5 to 10 parts of lactobacillus fermentum and 6.5 to 10 parts of bacillus subtilis, and the mass ratio of the lactobacillus fermentum to the bacillus subtilis is 1 to 1. According to the present invention, etiology and pathogenesis analysis is performed on pig ileitis through traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation for the first time, the treatment rule and the traditional Chinese medicine prescription are obtained, and in addition, after the mixed probiotics enter the animal body, the colonization of pathogenic bacteria in the ileum can be significantly inhibited and reduced, the occurrence of the ileitis is prevented, the diarrhea rate is reduced, and the growth performance of the infected pig is improved; the content of proinflammatory factors can be reduced, so that the intestinal inflammation reaction is relieved, and on the basis of treating ileitis, the multiple advantages of increasing the lean meat percentage, improving the meat quality and flavor and enhancing the nutrition and health care value are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicine preparations, and specifically relates to a feed medicine composition for treating piglet ileitis, a preparation method and application thereof Background Art

[0002] Porcine ileitis, also known as porcine hyperplastic enteritis or porcine hyperplastic hemorrhagic enteritis, is a contagious disease of pigs caused by ileitis. It poses a serious threat to the pig farming industry and is a highly concerning disease. Because porcine ileitis differs significantly from various types of enteritis in terms of etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical symptoms, the prevention and treatment measures for various types of enteritis in humans and the screening of effective traditional Chinese medicine compositions for porcine ileitis are not applicable. Currently, clinically sensitive drugs for the prevention and treatment of porcine ileitis include tylosin, chlortetracycline, tetracycline, lincomycin, and spectinomycin. However, the overuse of antibiotics in pig farms has significantly reduced the sensitivity of these drugs, leading to the emergence of widespread drug resistance, resulting in recurring disease. While antibiotic treatment may improve symptoms in the short term, repeated attacks and recovery can lead to loss of appetite, poor spirits, and the development of stunted pigs, a common problem with antibiotics. Numerous studies have confirmed that traditional Chinese medicines, while providing antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, can also improve and regulate immunity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on the drawbacks of the use of antibiotics in the prior art, the present invention provides a feed medicine composition for treating piglet ileitis, a preparation method and an application thereof.

[0004] Technical solution: A feed pharmaceutical composition for treating piglet ileitis, comprising component A and component B; calculated by weight:

[0005] Component A includes 10-20 parts of liquorice, 10-20 parts of jujube, 10-30 parts of roasted ginger, 10-15 parts of pomegranate peel, and 5-10 parts of yam;

[0006] Component B comprises 6.5-10 parts of Lactobacillus gerhardtii and 6.5-10 parts of Bacillus subtilis, and the mass ratio of Lactobacillus gerhardtii to Bacillus subtilis is 1:1.

[0007] Furthermore, in an optional solution, in the feed pharmaceutical composition, based on parts by weight:

[0008] Component A includes 15 parts of liquorice, 15 parts of jujube, 20 parts of roasted ginger, 13 parts of pomegranate peel, and 8 parts of yam;

[0009] Component B includes 6.5 parts of Lactobacillus and 6.5 parts of Bacillus subtilis.

[0010] The preparation method of the feed medicine composition comprises the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: Weigh the raw materials in component A, grind them separately, retain the core of the jujube, and obtain powder;

[0012] Step 2: Mix the powder obtained in step 1, add water and boil for extraction, collect the filtrate after filtering, and boil the extract to obtain a powdery water-soluble powder;

[0013] Step 3, mixing Lactobacillus cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis to obtain component B;

[0014] Step 4: Make pellets from the powdered material in step 2 and add component B in step 3 into the pellet core.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 4, the surface of the pills is coated with a sugar coating protective layer.

[0016] The protective layer of sugar crust is made of sucrose and starch or dextrin.

[0017] Sucrose: The most commonly used raw material for the sugar coating layer of traditional Chinese medicine pills. It provides sweetness and stickiness and improves palatability (pigs have a high acceptance of sweetness and it is easier to mix with feed and feed).

[0018] Starch or dextrin: Increase the viscosity and stability of the protective layer to prevent the sugar coating from cracking or falling off.

[0019] The sugar coating may mask the bitterness of Chinese medicine through sweetness, while protecting the probiotics in the pill core (such as Lactobacillus and Bacillus subtilis) from external environmental damage (such as gastric acid erosion) during storage and the gastrointestinal tract.

[0020] Furthermore, the raw materials in component A in step 1 are crushed and passed through 50 mesh.

[0021] Furthermore, the procedure for boiling with water in step 2 is to first add 10 times the water and boil for 0.5 hours, filter the liquid, and then add 8 times the water to the residue and boil it again using the same method.

[0022] The feed medicine composition can be used for preventing and treating porcine ileitis.

[0023] Beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The present invention is the first to analyze the etiology and pathogenesis of ileitis in pigs using traditional Chinese medicine differentiation of symptoms and signs, and thus derives treatment principles and traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions: liquorice and jujube are used as the main medicines to strengthen the spleen and replenish qi, dry dampness and promote diuresis; roasted ginger is used as the auxiliary medicine to warm the middle and dispel cold; pomegranate peel and yam are used as the adjuvant medicines to astringe the intestines and stop diarrhea, counter-assist the diuretic effect of the main medicine, and prevent excessive diarrhea and the resulting vaginal loss. In addition, after the mixed probiotics enter the animal body, they can significantly inhibit and reduce the colonization of pathogens in the ileum, prevent the occurrence of ileitis, reduce the diarrhea rate and improve the growth performance of infected pigs; and can reduce the content of proinflammatory cytokines, thereby alleviating intestinal inflammatory reactions.

[0025] 2. The present invention combines traditional Chinese medicine and probiotics, which is green and safe, treats both the symptoms and the root causes, has no toxic side effects, and the granules have no palatability issues. They can be used as both mixed materials and drinking water. In addition, on the basis of treating ileitis, it has the multiple advantages of increasing lean meat rate, improving meat flavor, and enhancing nutritional and health value, thereby improving the market competitiveness of the product. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below through examples, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples.

[0027] In the embodiment of the present invention,

[0028] Licorice: purchased from Beijing Tong Ren Tang (Bozhou) Medicinal Pieces Co., Ltd. (in compliance with the standards of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia of Veterinary Medicine).

[0029] Jujube: purchased from Shandong Lehui Ecological Agriculture Development Co., Ltd. (no mildew or insect damage).

[0030] Pao Jiang (rice root): purchased from Henan Yizongtang Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd. (the processing technology complies with GB / T 30383-2013).

[0031] Pomegranate peel: purchased from Sichuan Tianyu Botanical Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (dried mature peel, tannin content ≥10%).

[0032] Chinese Yam: purchased from Jiaozuo Xincheng Huaiyao Co., Ltd. (Chinese Yam, polysaccharide content ≥4.5%)

[0033] Lactobacillus shi (Lactobacillus shi + strain name LBS-01): purchased from Beijing Weikang Probiotics Technology Co., Ltd.

[0034] Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus subtilis + strain name BS-02): purchased from Shanghai Kangyuan Microecological Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. (Deposit number: CGMCC NO.20250421).

[0035] Example 1

[0036] The embodiment of the present invention provides a feed pharmaceutical composition for treating piglet ileitis. The Chinese medicine composition is composed of Chinese medicine extracts equivalent to the following medicinal materials in parts by weight:

[0037] Component A: 150g licorice, 150g jujube, 200g roasted ginger, 130g pomegranate peel, 80g yam;

[0038] Component B: Lactobacillus subtilis 65g, Bacillus subtilis 65g.

[0039] A feed pharmaceutical composition for treating piglet ileitis, the preparation method of which comprises the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Weigh each raw material and grind them separately, retain the core of the jujube, and pass through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain the powder of the Chinese medicinal material of component A.

[0041] Step 2: Mix the powder obtained in step 1, add water and boil to extract, filter and collect the filtrate; and boil the extract to obtain a powdery water-soluble powder;

[0042] The water boiling procedure is to first add 10 times the water and boil for 0.5h, filter the liquid, add 8 times the water to the residue and boil it again in the same way, and collect the filtrate twice.

[0043] Step 3: Evenly mix Lactobacillus cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis to obtain component B.

[0044] Step 4: Make the powdered material in step 2 into pellets, and add component B in step 3 into the pellet core to obtain the target drug.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] A feed pharmaceutical composition for treating piglet ileitis, wherein the Chinese medicine composition is composed of Chinese medicine extracts equivalent to the following medicinal materials in parts by weight:

[0047] Component A: 150g of licorice, 150g of jujube, 200g of roasted ginger, 100g of pomegranate peel, and 50g of yam;

[0048] Component B: 130g of Lactobacillus subtilis and Bacillus subtilis;

[0049] A feed pharmaceutical composition for treating piglet ileitis, the preparation method of which comprises the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Weigh each raw material and grind them separately, retain the core of the jujube, and pass through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain the powder of the Chinese medicinal material of component A.

[0051] Step 2: Mix the powder obtained in step 1, add water and boil to extract, filter and collect the filtrate; and boil the extract to obtain a powdery water-soluble powder;

[0052] The water boiling procedure is to first add 10 times the water and boil for 0.5h, filter the liquid, add 8 times the water to the residue and boil it again in the same way, and collect the filtrate twice.

[0053] Step 3: Evenly mix Lactobacillus cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis at a ratio of 1:1 to obtain component B.

[0054] Step 4: Make pellets from the powdered material in step 2 and add component B in step 3 into the pellet core.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] A feed pharmaceutical composition for treating piglet ileitis, wherein the Chinese medicine composition is composed of Chinese medicine extracts equivalent to the following medicinal materials in parts by weight:

[0057] Component A: 150g licorice, 150g jujube, 200g roasted ginger, 50g pomegranate peel, 50g yam;

[0058] Component B: Lactobacillus subtilis 65g, Bacillus subtilis 65g.

[0059] A feed pharmaceutical composition for treating piglet ileitis, the preparation method of which comprises the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: Weigh each raw material and grind them separately, retain the core of the jujube, and pass through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain the powder of the Chinese medicinal material of component A.

[0061] Step 2: Mix the powder obtained in step 1, add water and boil to extract, filter and collect the filtrate; and boil the extract to obtain a powdery water-soluble powder;

[0062] The water boiling procedure is to first add 10 times the water and boil for 0.5h, filter the liquid, add 8 times the water to the residue and boil it again in the same way, and collect the filtrate twice.

[0063] Step 3, mixing Lactobacillus cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis to obtain component B;

[0064] Step 4: Make the powdered material in step 2 into pellets, and add component B in step 3 into the pellet core to obtain the target drug.

[0065] Comparative Example 1

[0066] A feed pharmaceutical composition for treating piglet ileitis, wherein the Chinese medicine composition is composed of Chinese medicine extracts equivalent to the following medicinal materials in parts by weight:

[0067] Component A: 200g roasted ginger, 130g pomegranate peel, 80g yam;

[0068] Component B: Lactobacillus subtilis 65g, Bacillus subtilis 65g.

[0069] A feed pharmaceutical composition for treating piglet ileitis, the preparation method of which comprises the following steps:

[0070] Step 1: Weigh each raw material, grind it separately, and pass it through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain the powder of the Chinese medicinal material of component A.

[0071] Step 2: Mix the powder obtained in step 1, add water and boil to extract, filter and collect the filtrate; and boil the extract to obtain a powdery water-soluble powder;

[0072] The water boiling procedure is to first add 10 times the water and boil for 0.5h, filter the liquid, add 8 times the water to the residue and boil it again in the same way, and collect the filtrate twice.

[0073] Step 3: Evenly mix Lactobacillus cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis to obtain component B.

[0074] Step 4: Make the powdered material in step 2 into pellets, and add component B in step 3 into the pellet core to obtain the target drug.

[0075] Comparative Example 2

[0076] A feed pharmaceutical composition for treating piglet ileitis, wherein the Chinese medicine composition is composed of Chinese medicine extracts equivalent to the following medicinal materials in parts by weight:

[0077] Component A: 150g of licorice, 150g of jujube, and 200g of roasted ginger;

[0078] Component B: Lactobacillus subtilis 65g, Bacillus subtilis 65g.

[0079] A feed pharmaceutical composition for treating piglet ileitis, the preparation method of which comprises the following steps:

[0080] Step 1: Weigh each raw material and grind them separately, retain the core of the jujube, and pass through a 50-mesh sieve to obtain the powder of the Chinese medicinal material of component A.

[0081] Step 2: Mix the powder obtained in step 1, add water and boil to extract, filter and collect the filtrate; and boil the extract to obtain a powdery water-soluble powder;

[0082] The water boiling procedure is to first add 10 times the water and boil for 0.5h, filter the liquid, add 8 times the water to the residue and boil it again in the same way, and collect the filtrate twice.

[0083] Step 3: Evenly mix Lactobacillus cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis to obtain component B.

[0084] Step 4: Make the powdered material in step 2 into pellets, and add component B in step 3 into the pellet core to obtain the target drug.

[0085] Example 1 and Example 2 mainly test the therapeutic effect of the drug on experimental pig lesions, and Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 mainly test whether the therapeutic effect will change after the corresponding components are missing.

[0086] Experimental process:

[0087] Experimental subjects and grouping: Before the experiment began, 500 six-week-old nursery pigs with a 100% ileitis detection rate were selected from a pig farm. These pigs were also free of epidemic diarrhea and enterohemorrhagic syndrome. Five independent fattening pens were selected and the 500 pigs were randomly divided into five groups (100 pigs per pens): experimental group 1, experimental group 2, experimental group 3, experimental group 4, and a blank control group.

[0088] Dosage and method: The blank control group was fed a complete feed, and the other groups added the test drug to the experimental pig feed: Experimental group 1 was fed with the drug prepared in Example 1 at 0.1% of the feed mass, and fed continuously for 30 days; Experimental group 2 was fed with the drug prepared in Example 2 at 0.1% of the feed mass, and fed continuously for 30 days; Experimental group 3 was fed with the drug prepared in Comparative Example 1 at 0.1% of the feed mass, and fed continuously for 30 days; Experimental group 4 was fed with the drug prepared in Comparative Example 2 at 0.1% of the feed mass, and fed continuously for 30 days. Except for the addition of different drugs in the feed, other external conditions such as house temperature, epidemic prevention conditions, and feed were the same for each group;

[0089] Experimental indicators and data statistics Before the experiment, the initial weight of each group of experimental pigs was counted. After the experiment, the final weight, total feed consumption, total number of diarrhea pigs, final number of live pigs, and number of ileitis-positive pigs of each group were counted. Then, the average daily weight gain, feed-to-meat ratio, diarrhea rate, mortality rate, and ileitis-positive rate of the experimental pigs were calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0090] Table 1

[0091] Group Diarrhea rate Average daily weight gain / g Treatment success rate Number of tests Meat to feed ratio Experimental group 1 15% 490±20 75% 100 1.53±0.5 Experimental Group 2 17% 480±15 73% 100 1.61±0.32 Experimental group 3 36% 380±25 64% 100 2.33±0.5 Experimental Group 4 39% 340±32 61% 100 2.43±0.34 Blank control group 54% 220±50 46% 100 2.92±0.41

[0092] Deficiencies in the comparative examples led to reduced efficacy: Comparative Example 1 (lacking pomegranate peel and Chinese yam) had a diarrhea rate of 36%, an average daily weight gain of only 380 ± 25 g, and a treatment success rate of 64%, all indicators significantly inferior to those of the example group. Comparative Example 2 (lacking licorice and jujube) had a diarrhea rate of 39%, an average daily weight gain of 340 ± 32 g, and a treatment success rate of 61%, further reducing efficacy. These data demonstrate that pomegranate peel, Chinese yam, licorice, and jujube are core components of the prescription, and their omission severely impairs the therapeutic efficacy for ileitis.

[0093] The complete formula of the example has significant therapeutic effects: Examples 1 and 2 (containing complete Chinese medicine + probiotics): the diarrhea rate is as low as 15%-17%, the average daily weight gain is 480-490g, the treatment success rate is 73%-75%, and the feed-to-meat ratio, mortality rate, and positive rate are significantly lower than those of the blank control group.

[0094] Comparative advantages: Compared with the blank control group (diarrhea rate 54%, average daily weight gain 220g), the embodiment group has significant advantages in growth performance (average daily weight gain increased by more than 100%) and disease control (diarrhea rate decreased by more than 70%); compared with the positive control group (chlortetracycline), indicators such as average daily weight gain and feed-to-meat ratio also performed better.

[0095] Conclusion: The synergistic effect of the Chinese herbal components (especially pomegranate peel, yam, liquorice, and jujube) and probiotics in the prescription is the key to the treatment of porcine ileitis. The complete formula can significantly improve the efficacy and breeding efficiency.

[0096] Furthermore, the present invention examined pork quality and found that pork prepared using the present invention's formula had improved quality. Based on previous experiments, 20 pigs were randomly selected from each group (a total of 100 pigs) for meat quality analysis. The pigs were slaughtered two days after the end of feeding. The experimental treatments are shown in Table 2. The testing methods included intramuscular fat (IMF) measured using the Soxhlet extraction method (GB / T9695.7-2008), shear force measured using a Warner-Bratzler shearing apparatus (longissimus dorsi muscle, cooked meat), fatty acid composition measured using gas chromatography (GB / T 17377-2008), meat color measured using a colorimeter to determine L* (lightness), a* (redness), and b* (yellowness), and flavor compounds were analyzed using GC-MS. The test results are shown in Tables 3-5.

[0097] Table 2

[0098] Group Treatment Sample size Blank group Basic feed 20 Optimization Group Optimized formula (0.1% addition) 20 Positive control group Commercially available growth promoter (chlortetracycline 300 ppm) 20

[0099] Table 3: Comparison results of conventional meat quality indicators

[0100] Group Intramuscular fat (%) Shear force (N) L* value a * value b* value Blank group 2.1±0.3 42.5±3.2 52.3±1.5 12.1±0.8 8.5±0.6 Optimization Group 3.5±0.4* 32.8±2.5* 50.1±1.2* 14.5±1.0*** 7.8±0.5* Positive control group 2.8±0.3* 38.7±2.8* 51.5±1.3 13.0±0.9* 8.2±0.5

[0101] Note: *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 (compared with the blank group);

[0102] Table 4: Fatty acid composition (% of total fatty acids)

[0103] fatty acid Blank group Optimization Group Positive control group Palmitic acid (C16:0) 25.3 23.1* 24.5 Stearic acid (C18:0) 18.7 16.2* 17.9 Oleic acid (C18:1) 40.2 45.8* 42.1* Linoleic acid (C18:2) 8.5 11.2* 9.3* Linolenic acid (C18:3) 2.1 3.5* 2.5 PUFA / SFA 0.42 0.58* 0.48*

[0104] Table 5: Volatile flavor compounds (GC-MS detection, μg / kg)

[0105] Substance Category Blank group Optimization Group Positive control group Aldehydes (fragrance main body) 215 285* 230* Ketones (fatty aroma) 45 68* 52* Sulfur compounds (roasted aroma) 12 22* 15*

[0106] Increased intramuscular fat: The optimized group's IMF reached 3.5% (high-quality pork standard ≥2.5%), because yam polysaccharides + probiotics promoted fat cell differentiation.

[0107] Tenderness is significantly improved: shear force decreases by 22.8% because licorice flavonoids inhibit collagen deposition in muscles and proteases secreted by probiotics degrade muscle fibers.

[0108] Optimized fatty acid composition: Unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) increased by 33.3%. Pomegranate peel polyphenols activate the PPARγ pathway and promote the conversion of linoleic acid to conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). CLA has anti-cancer and fat-reducing effects.

[0109] Increased flavor substances: Aldehydes (such as hexanal and nonanal) increased by 32.6%, due to the oxidation of intramuscular fat to produce more flavor precursors, and the volatile oil of roasted ginger inhibited the production of unpleasant flavor substances (such as trimethylamine);

[0110] The above data clearly demonstrates that this formula, on the basis of treating ileitis, has the multiple advantages of increasing lean meat rate, improving meat flavor, and enhancing nutritional and health value, thereby improving the market competitiveness of the product.

[0111] As described above, although the present invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as limiting the present invention itself. Various changes may be made to the form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed pharmaceutical composition for treating piglet ileitis, characterized in that: Including component A and component B; calculated by weight: Component A comprises 10-20 parts of liquorice, 10-20 parts of jujube, 10-30 parts of roasted ginger, 10-15 parts of pomegranate peel and 5-10 parts of yam; Component B comprises 6.5-10 parts of Lactobacillus gerhardtii and 6.5-10 parts of Bacillus subtilis, and the mass ratio of Lactobacillus gerhardtii to Bacillus subtilis is 1:

1.

2. The feed pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1, characterized in that In parts by weight, the feed pharmaceutical composition comprises: Component A includes 15 parts of liquorice, 15 parts of jujube, 20 parts of roasted ginger, 13 parts of pomegranate peel, and 8 parts of yam; Component B includes 6.5 parts of Lactobacillus and 6.5 parts of Bacillus subtilis.

3. The method for preparing the feed pharmaceutical composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Weigh the raw materials in component A, grind them separately, retain the core of the jujube, and obtain powder; Step 2: Mix the powder obtained in step 1, add water and boil for extraction, collect the filtrate after filtering, and boil the extract to obtain a powdery water-soluble powder; Step 3, mixing Lactobacillus cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilis to obtain component B; Step 4: Make pellets from the powdered material in step 2 and add component B in step 3 into the pellet core.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that In step 4, the surface of the pills is coated with a sugar coating; the sugar coating is made of sucrose and starch or dextrin.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that In step 1, the raw material of component A is crushed and passed through 50 mesh.

6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that In step 2, the procedure for adding water and boiling is as follows: first add 10 times the water and boil for 0.5h, filter the liquid, add 8 times the water to the residue and boil again using the same method.

7. Use of the feed medicine composition according to claim 1 or 2 in preventing and treating porcine ileitis.