A high-efficiency photoreactor

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-efficiency photoreactor, comprising a shell with an internal cavity, a centralized heat dissipation structure disposed within the cavity, a light source module, a heat-conducting liquid, and a control component. The centralized heat dissipation structure has a central mounting cavity, within which a reaction vessel containing the reaction object is at least partially disposed. The light source module is circumferentially distributed along the inner wall of the mounting cavity. The heat-conducting liquid fills the mounting cavity, simultaneously immersing both the light source module and the reaction vessel. The control component is electrically connected to and drives the light source module to operate in either continuous or intermittent illumination mode. The light source module, reaction vessel, and centralized heat dissipation structure are thermally coupled through the heat-conducting liquid, resulting in a linear temperature change among the three components, thereby achieving temperature control. In this invention, the heat-conducting liquid simultaneously immerses the light source module, reaction vessel, and heat dissipation structure, thereby directly controlling the reaction temperature by adjusting the illumination parameters and controlling the operating parameters of the heat dissipation structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photochemical reaction equipment technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency photochemical reaction device. Background Technology

[0002] Existing solutions typically employ one or more light sources in conjunction with a driving device to continuously irradiate the reaction object within the container to promote the reaction. Independent heat dissipation structures are provided for both the light source and the reaction object container, and temperature management may be required using heating or cooling devices. However, this approach has significant drawbacks: the heat dissipation system design is complex, especially when the reaction object is heated by light radiation, making heat dissipation difficult and prone to overheating. This heat dissipation bottleneck prevents the light source power from being increased, severely restricting the realization of reactions requiring high light power. Furthermore, the continuous illumination mode not only wastes a large amount of light energy (converting it into ineffective heat energy), but more importantly, it is mismatched with the inherent "reaction time" characteristics of the reaction itself, resulting in low illumination efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, this invention proposes a highly efficient photoreaction device in which a heat-conducting liquid simultaneously immerses the light source module, the reaction container, and the heat dissipation structure, forming a three-in-one heat conduction channel. This allows for direct control of the reaction temperature by adjusting the illumination parameters and the operating parameters of the centralized heat dissipation structure.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-efficiency photoreaction device, comprising:

[0005] The shell has an internal cavity, with a mounting cavity at the center of the cavity, and a reaction vessel containing the reaction object is at least partially disposed within the mounting cavity.

[0006] The light source modules are distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the mounting cavity so that the light-emitting surface of the light source modules points to the reaction object inside the reaction vessel.

[0007] The heat-conducting fluid is filled into the mounting cavity so that the heat-conducting fluid simultaneously immerses the light source module and the reaction container;

[0008] A centralized heat dissipation structure is installed inside the cavity to reduce the temperature of the heat transfer fluid;

[0009] The control component is electrically connected to and drives the light source module to operate in continuous or non-continuous lighting modes.

[0010] The light source module, reaction vessel, and centralized heat dissipation structure are thermally coupled through a heat-conducting fluid, so that the temperature of the three components changes linearly, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the heating temperature.

[0011] As an improvement, non-continuous illumination modes include any one of the following: intermittent illumination mode, PWM dimming mode with fixed or variable duty cycle, or user-defined waveform illumination mode.

[0012] As an improvement, centralized heat dissipation structures include either air-cooled structures or circulating pipelines.

[0013] As an improvement, the air-cooled structure includes heat dissipation fins, a fan or ventilation duct connected to the housing for each heat dissipation fin, an air channel formed between the heat dissipation fins, and the fan or ventilation duct forces airflow through the air channel to achieve forced convection cooling of the heat dissipation fins. The fan or ventilation duct is electrically connected to a control component to control the fan power.

[0014] As an improvement, the heat dissipation fins are evenly distributed and extended from the outer wall of the mounting cavity to the inner wall of the cavity, or spirally arranged along the outer wall of the mounting cavity, or evenly distributed and extended outward along the outer wall of the mounting cavity, with the fan correspondingly located at the upper or lower end of the heat dissipation fins.

[0015] As an improvement, the heat dissipation fins are evenly distributed and extended from the outer wall of the mounting cavity to the inner wall of the cavity, and the fan is correspondingly located at the upper end of the heat dissipation fins.

[0016] As an improvement, the circulation pipeline is located inside the mounting cavity, and the mounting cavity is connected to the outside via the inlet and outlet of the circulation pipeline through a heat transfer fluid refrigeration device, including but not limited to liquid nitrogen or cold air refrigeration.

[0017] As an improvement, the heat transfer fluid is either an insulating liquid or a non-insulating liquid suitable for a waterproof light source.

[0018] As an improvement, a magnetic stirrer for stirring the reactants is provided inside the cavity.

[0019] As an improvement, the photoreactor also includes a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the mounting cavity, and controlling the heating temperature includes the following steps:

[0020] S1: Set the desired temperature and continuously collect the temperature T of the heat transfer fluid in the mounting cavity via a temperature sensor. 液 And compare it with the set parameters, when the temperature needs to be increased, i.e., T 液 <Set temperature lower limit T min If so, proceed to step S2; if cooling is required, proceed to step T. 液 > Set the upper temperature limit T max If so, proceed to step S3;

[0021] S2: The control component increases the illumination duty cycle or pulse intensity of the light source module, increases heat input through continuous or non-continuous illumination mode, and simultaneously reduces the fan speed or turns off the fan, or simultaneously reduces the circulation speed of the cooling device or turns off the cooling device to reduce heat loss.

[0022] S3: Reduce the illumination duty cycle or pulse intensity of the light source module to reduce heat input, and simultaneously increase the fan speed or the circulation speed of the cooling device to enhance forced convection heat dissipation;

[0023] S4: Repeat steps S1-S3, making T 液 Dynamically stable at [T min ,T max Within the specified range, the temperature of the reaction vessel is indirectly controlled through the thermal coupling effect of the heat transfer fluid.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] By simultaneously immersing the light source module, reaction vessel, and heat dissipation structure in a thermally conductive liquid, a three-in-one heat conduction channel is formed, breaking through the traditional independent heat dissipation barrier. This integrates the heat generation of the light source and the heat absorption of the reaction vessel into a unified thermal system. Utilizing the high thermal conductivity of the liquid, heat is rapidly and evenly distributed, solving the problem of localized overheating of the reaction object. This provides heat dissipation assurance for the peak power release of the light source, enabling the light source module to operate in continuous mode at high power. Simultaneously, the non-continuous illumination mode driven by arbitrary waveforms allows the light source module to excite peak power several times its nominal value with millisecond-level pulses, meeting the demands of high-energy reactions. Intermittent light emission (such as PWM) matches the reaction kinetic cycle, avoiding the need for continuous illumination. The light energy is efficiently converted into waste heat, and the custom waveform can be precisely adapted to special reaction paths, improving the utilization rate of light energy. The linear temperature change characteristic allows the light source module to function as both a light emitter and a heater. By adjusting the illumination parameters, the reaction temperature can be directly controlled, eliminating traditional heating devices, avoiding secondary heat conversion losses and equipment complexity. The reaction temperature can be estimated simply by monitoring the temperature of the heat transfer fluid. Furthermore, the fin array and top fan construct an efficient air duct, or the external heat transfer fluid cooling device can be directly connected through the circulation pipeline to cope with extreme working conditions. The multi-level heat dissipation capacity can be freely superimposed, supporting full coverage from room temperature reactions to ultra-low temperature photochemistry. This modular centralized heat dissipation structure makes the device more widely applicable. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0027] Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the reaction vessel installed inside the mounting cavity of the high-efficiency photoreactor.

[0028] Figure 2 An exploded view of a highly efficient photo-reaction device;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a high-efficiency photoreactor.

[0030] Figure 4This is a cross-sectional view of a high-efficiency photoreactor.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of PWM square wave control;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a waveform diagram of the pulse control signal under the condition that the color temperature of the light source module is 6500K and the illumination time is 22h.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a waveform diagram of the pulse control signal under the following conditions: color temperature of the light source module is 6500K, duty cycle is 10%, frequency is 10Hz, display power is 2.1W, and illumination time is 22h.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a waveform diagram of the pulse control signal under the following conditions: color temperature of the light source module is 6500K, duty cycle is 100%, frequency is 999Hz, display power is 51.6W, and illumination time is 6h.

[0035] The markings in the above figures are as follows: 1. Shell; 1.1. Cavity; 2. Mounting cavity; 3. Reaction vessel; 4. Light source module; 5. Heat transfer fluid; 6. Heat dissipation fins; 7. Fan; 8. Magnetic stirrer; 9. Temperature sensor; 10. Circulation pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0036] In this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "planar direction", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, a high-efficiency photoreactor includes a housing 1, a centralized heat dissipation structure, a light source module 4, a heat-conducting liquid 5, and a control component. The housing 1 has an internal cavity 1.1, with a mounting cavity 2 at its center. A reaction container 3 containing the reaction object is at least partially disposed within the mounting cavity 2. The light source module 4 is circumferentially distributed along the inner wall of the mounting cavity 2, such that the light-emitting surface of the light source module 4 points towards the reaction object within the reaction container 3. The heat-conducting liquid 5 fills the mounting cavity 2, simultaneously immersing both the light source module 4 and the reaction container 3. The centralized heat dissipation structure is disposed within the cavity 1.1 to reduce the temperature of the heat-conducting liquid 5. The control component is electrically connected to and drives the light source module 4 to operate in continuous or non-continuous illumination mode. The light source module 4, the reaction container 3, and the centralized heat dissipation structure are thermally coupled through the heat-conducting liquid 5, resulting in a linear temperature change among the three components, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the heating temperature. Preferably, the mounting cavity 2 has a circular, rectangular, or irregular cross-section.

[0039] Non-continuous illumination modes include any one of the following: intermittent illumination mode, PWM dimming mode with fixed or variable duty cycle, or user-defined waveform illumination mode.

[0040] The centralized heat dissipation structure is an air-cooled structure.

[0041] The air-cooled structure includes heat dissipation fins 6, and a fan 7 or ventilation duct connected to the housing 1 is provided for each heat dissipation fin 6. An air channel is formed between the heat dissipation fins 6. The fan 7 or ventilation duct forces airflow through the air channel to achieve forced convection cooling of the heat dissipation fins 6. The fan 7 or ventilation duct is electrically connected to the control component to control the power of the fan 7.

[0042] The heat dissipation fins 6 are evenly distributed and extended along the outer wall of the mounting cavity 2 toward the inner wall of the cavity 1.1, or spirally arranged along the outer wall of the mounting cavity 2, or evenly distributed and extended outward along the outer wall of the mounting cavity 2. The fan 7 is correspondingly arranged at the upper or lower end of the heat dissipation fins 6.

[0043] The heat dissipation fins 6 extend evenly along the outer wall of the mounting cavity 2 toward the inner wall of the cavity 1.1, and the fan 7 is correspondingly positioned at the upper end of the heat dissipation fins 6.

[0044] The heat-conducting fluid 5 is an insulating liquid or a non-insulating liquid suitable for a waterproof light source.

[0045] The cavity 1.1 is equipped with a magnetic stirrer 8 for stirring the reaction objects.

[0046] The photo-reaction device also includes a temperature sensor 9 for monitoring the temperature of the mounting cavity 2.

[0047] Controlling the heating temperature includes the following steps:

[0048] S1: Set the desired temperature and continuously collect the temperature T of the heat transfer fluid in the mounting cavity via a temperature sensor. 液 And compare it with the set parameters, when the temperature needs to be increased, i.e., T 液 <Set temperature lower limit T min If so, proceed to step S2; if cooling is required, proceed to step T. 液 > Set the upper temperature limit T max If so, proceed to step S3;

[0049] S2: The control component increases the illumination duty cycle or pulse intensity of the light source module, and increases the heat input through continuous or non-continuous illumination mode, while simultaneously reducing the fan speed or turning off the fan to reduce heat loss;

[0050] S3: Reduce the illumination duty cycle or pulse intensity of the light source module to reduce heat input and simultaneously increase the fan speed to enhance forced convection cooling;

[0051] S4: Repeat steps S1-S3, making T 液 Dynamically stable at [T min ,T max Within the specified range, the temperature of the reaction vessel is indirectly controlled through the thermal coupling effect of the heat transfer fluid.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, a high-efficiency photoreactor includes a housing 1, a centralized heat dissipation structure, a light source module 4, a heat-conducting liquid 5, and a control component. The housing 1 has a cavity 1.1 inside, with a mounting cavity 2 at its center. A reaction container 3 containing the reaction object is at least partially disposed within the mounting cavity 2. The light source module 4 is circumferentially distributed along the inner wall of the mounting cavity 2, such that the light-emitting surface of the light source module 4 points towards the reaction object within the reaction container 3. The heat-conducting liquid 5 fills the mounting cavity 2, simultaneously immersing both the light source module 4 and the reaction container 3. The centralized heat dissipation structure is disposed within the cavity 1.1 to reduce the temperature of the heat-conducting liquid 5. The control component is electrically connected to and drives the light source module 4 to operate in continuous or non-continuous illumination mode. The light source module 4, the reaction container 3, and the centralized heat dissipation structure are thermally coupled through the heat-conducting liquid 5, resulting in a linear temperature change among the three components, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the heating temperature.

[0054] Non-continuous illumination modes include any one of the following: intermittent illumination mode, PWM dimming mode with fixed or variable duty cycle, or user-defined waveform illumination mode.

[0055] The centralized heat dissipation structure is a circulation pipe 10.

[0056] The circulation pipe 10 is installed inside the mounting cavity 2. The mounting cavity 2 is connected to the outside through the inlet and outlet of the circulation pipe 10 via a heat transfer liquid refrigeration device, including but not limited to liquid nitrogen or cold air refrigeration.

[0057] Controlling the heating temperature includes the following steps:

[0058] S1: Set the desired temperature and continuously collect the temperature T of the heat transfer fluid in the mounting cavity via a temperature sensor. 液 And compare it with the set parameters, when the temperature needs to be increased, i.e., T 液 <Set temperature lower limit T min If so, proceed to step S2; if cooling is required, proceed to step T. 液 > Set the upper temperature limit T max If so, proceed to step S3;

[0059] S2: The control component increases the illumination duty cycle or pulse intensity of the light source module, and increases the heat input through continuous or non-continuous illumination mode, while simultaneously reducing the circulation speed of the cooling device or shutting down the cooling device to reduce heat loss.

[0060] S3: Reduce the illumination duty cycle or pulse intensity of the light source module to reduce heat input, and simultaneously increase the circulation speed of the cooling device to enhance forced convection heat dissipation;

[0061] S4: Repeat steps S1-S3, making T 液 Dynamically stable at [T min ,T max Within the specified range, the temperature of the reaction vessel is indirectly controlled through the thermal coupling effect of the heat transfer fluid.

[0062] Preferably, the device has a maximum average power of 95W, a peak power of 145W, an adjustable frequency of 1-125k, and an adjustable duty cycle of 0-100%.

[0063] The reactant container is made of quartz glass with a wall thickness of 1.5 mm. The height of the heat-conducting liquid is 60 mm, the height of the reactant is 15 mm, and the diameter is 10 mm. Therefore, the contact area is approximately: π x 10 x 60 = 1884 mm². 2 The thermal conductivity of common quartz glass materials at 20℃ is approximately 1.4 W / (m·K);

[0064] The heat transfer fluid is water, the linear conduction distance is L (approximately 15mm in the example diagram), and the diameter is 42mm. Therefore, the contact area is approximately: π x 42 x 60 = 7912.8 mm². 2 At standard atmospheric pressure (1 atmosphere) and room temperature (20°C), the thermal conductivity of water is approximately 0.596 W / (m·K).

[0065] The mounting cavity is made of 6061 aluminum alloy. The temperature sensor is fitted to the housing, which is 2mm thick and has a center diameter of 43mm. The contact area is approximately π x 43 x 60 = 8101.2mm². 2 The thermal conductivity of 6061 aluminum alloy is 160 W / (m·K);

[0066] Where: W / (m·K) W is watt, a unit of power, representing the energy transferred per unit time. 1 watt equals 1 joule per second (1W=1J / s), m is meter, a unit of length, representing the straight-line length of conduction, and K is Kelvin, a unit of temperature.

[0067] Therefore, the heat generated by the reactants due to light and the reaction itself per unit time ( ), W obj， If the heat dissipation is constant at equilibrium, then:

[0068] First layer: Based on W = material thermal conductivity x contact area x ∆ From T / conduction distance, we can obtain: ∆ T1=W obj x1.5x10 -3 / (1884x10) -6 x1.4) = 0.5687W obj ℃;

[0069] Similarly:

[0070] Second layer: ∆ T2=W obj x (42 – 1.5 x 2 – 10) / 2 x 10 -3 / (7912.8x10 -6 x0.596) = 3.075W obj ℃;

[0071] Third layer: ∆ T3=W obj x2x10 -3 / (8101.2x10 -6 x160) = 0.0015W obj ℃;

[0072] The total temperature difference is: ∆ T Total = ∆ T 1+∆ T 2+∆ T3=0.5687+3.075+0.0015=3.6452W obj ℃;

[0073] That is, the temperature difference between the two is directly proportional to the heat power that the reactants need to dissipate;

[0074] In actual testing, the light source module had a power of 60W and a ring structure. Based on a reaction vessel diameter of 10mm, a reaction liquid height of 15mm, and a ring light source diameter of 42mm, the light power received by the reactants was approximately 10 / 40 = 25% (ignoring factors such as light refraction), while the light source efficiency was approximately 30%.

[0075] The light-receiving area of ​​the reactants is π x 10 x 15 = 471 mm² 2 ;

[0076] The ring light consists of 48 LEDs arranged in two rows, connected in series and parallel. The illumination area of ​​a single LED is 10mm wide and has a 120° emission angle.

[0077] The distance from the reactants is (42–10) / 2 = 16 mm;

[0078] As can be seen, the halo height is: x16x2=55.424, the LED light source is composed of two rows of equally distributed LED beads connected in series and parallel, and the area of ​​the object illuminated by each LED bead is: πx(55.424 / 2). 2 =2411.38mm 2 The percentage of light illuminating the object from each LED (ignoring light uniformity and taking the average value) is: 471 / 2411.38 = 19.53%;

[0079] therefore:

[0080] W obj ≈60 x 30% x 19.53% = 3.516W, which means:

[0081] ∆ T Total ≈3.516x3.6452≈12.816℃;

[0082] Actual test results:

[0083] Based on the above calculations, and through actual testing (with a temperature sensor installed in the reaction solution), the results are as follows:

[0084] When the room temperature is 27℃, the light source power is 60W, the fan power is 4.8W, the fan speed is 3780 rpm, and after stabilization, the reactant temperature is 41.3℃, and the instrument-detected temperature is 32.8℃. ∆ T Total =41.3–32.8 = 8.5℃, which is consistent with the theoretical calculation of 12.816℃;

[0085] Multiple tests and experiments have proven that under these conditions... ∆ T TotalThe temperature is basically stable within 8.5 degrees Celsius ± 1℃. Therefore, the light source module, reaction container and centralized heat dissipation structure are thermally coupled through heat-conducting fluid, so that the temperature of the three parts changes linearly, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the heating temperature. Thus, the reaction temperature can be directly controlled by adjusting the illumination parameters.

[0086] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the control component is electrically connected to and drives the light source module to operate in a non-continuous illumination mode by controlling the output power and light energy output waveform of the light source module:

[0087] Light source module parameters: actual operating voltage 24.24V, current 3.60A, continuous total power 87.264W; peak power (pulse power): current 6.00A, voltage: 25.2V, peak power: 151.20W; lamp setting maximum continuous current 3.6A, maximum average power: 87.264W;

[0088] At this point, when the PWM waveform has different duty cycles, the output power is:

[0089] 151.20W x 25% = 37.80W (average power), which is less than 87.264W. Therefore, the actual peak power of the lamp is 151.20W.

[0090] 151.20W x 50% = 75.60W (average power), which is less than 87.264W. Therefore, the actual peak power of the lamp is 151.20W.

[0091] The calculated average power is 151.20W x 75% = 113.40W, which is greater than 87.264W. Therefore, the actual peak power of the luminaire at this point is 87.264W / 75% = 116.352W; and the actual average power at this point is 116.352W x 75% = 87.264W. In other words, it is limited by the luminaire's maximum average and continuous power.

[0092] However, under the same continuous power output conditions, a stronger light power output is obtained when pulsed light is output, thus enabling the response that requires a larger light power to function.

[0093] The photo-reaction device in existing technology

[0094] The above description only illustrates the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and variations in its specific structure are permitted. All modifications made within the scope of the independent claims of this invention are also within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A photoreaction device, characterized in that, include: The shell has an internal cavity, and a mounting cavity is located at the center of the cavity. At least part of the reaction vessel containing the reaction object is located inside the mounting cavity. The light source modules are distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the mounting cavity so that the light-emitting surface of the light source modules points to the reaction object inside the reaction vessel. A heat-conducting fluid is filled into the mounting cavity so that the heat-conducting fluid simultaneously immerses the light source module and the reaction container; A centralized heat dissipation structure is installed inside the cavity to reduce the temperature of the heat transfer fluid. The centralized heat dissipation structure is an air-cooled structure, which includes heat dissipation fins and fans connected to the housing, corresponding to the heat dissipation fins. An air channel is formed between the heat dissipation fins, and the fans force airflow through the air channel to achieve forced convection heat dissipation of the heat dissipation fins. The fans are electrically connected to a control component to control the fan power. The heat dissipation fins extend evenly along the outer wall of the mounting cavity towards the inner wall of the cavity or are spirally arranged along the outer wall of the mounting cavity. The fans are correspondingly located at the upper ends of the heat dissipation fins. The control component is electrically connected to and drives the light source module to operate; The light source module, reaction vessel, and centralized heat dissipation structure are thermally coupled through a heat-conducting fluid, so that the temperature of the three components changes linearly, thereby controlling the heating temperature. The photoreaction device also includes a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the mounting cavity, and the control of the heating temperature includes the following steps: S1: Set the desired temperature and continuously collect the temperature T of the heat transfer fluid in the mounting cavity via a temperature sensor. 液 And compare it with the set parameters, when the temperature needs to be increased, i.e., T 液 <Set temperature lower limit T min If the temperature is too high, proceed to step S2. If cooling is required, proceed to step T. 液 > Set the upper temperature limit T max If so, proceed to step S3; S2: The control component increases the illumination duty cycle or pulse intensity of the light source module to increase heat input, and simultaneously reduces the fan speed or turns off the fan to reduce heat loss; S3: Reduce the illumination duty cycle or pulse intensity of the light source module to reduce heat input and simultaneously increase the fan speed to enhance forced convection cooling; S4: Repeat steps S1-S3, making T 液 Dynamically stable at [T min ,T max Within the specified range, the temperature of the reaction vessel is indirectly controlled through the thermal coupling effect of the heat transfer fluid.

2. The photoreaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-conducting fluid is an insulating liquid or a non-insulating liquid adapted to a waterproof light source.

3. The photoreaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity is equipped with a magnetic stirrer for stirring the reaction objects.

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