Micron-sized gill-shaped microporous aerator for sewage treatment

Abstract

The invention discloses a micron-sized gill-shaped microporous aerator for sewage treatment, and relates to the technical field of sewage purification, the micron-sized gill-shaped microporous aerator comprises a gas distribution system and an aeration unit; a main body of the aeration unit is an annular aeration disc, an annular air path and a gill-like membrane are arranged in the aeration disc, an inflatable airbag is arranged right above the annular aeration disc, and a movable frame is arranged in the inflatable airbag; the inflatable air bag is matched with the movable frame to form an integral folding protection mechanism on the upper surface of the aeration disc, and the movable frame is matched with the flow guide protruding block to integrally support the inflatable air bag to form a flow guide diffusion structure above the aeration disc; when the fixation is released, the inflatable airbag is inflated to drive the whole aeration unit to float to the water surface for maintenance. According to the annular aerator disclosed by the invention, through structural reconstruction, synchronous breakthrough in three dimensions of aeration range, mixing efficiency and maintenance convenience, and in a manner of matching annular aeration with the movable air bag, the operation and maintenance cost is remarkably reduced while the oxygen mass transfer efficiency is improved, and the annular aerator is suitable for high-concentration industrial wastewater and municipal wastewater treatment scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sewage purification, in particular to a micron-level gill-type microporous aerator for sewage treatment. Background Art

[0002] Aerobic biological treatment technology is both economical and efficient in treating wastewater. The dissolved oxygen level in wastewater is a key factor in determining the effectiveness of aerobic biological treatment. Aerators, essential equipment in aerobic biological treatment processes, are crucial for their performance. This is especially true for diaphragm-type microporous aerators, where the diaphragm, as a core component, must be properly installed on the pipeline to function properly. In the wastewater treatment industry, diaphragm aerators typically utilize disc or plate designs. However, these existing technologies have several drawbacks: Disc aerators have a limited aeration range, with a single disc typically measuring 200-300mm in diameter, resulting in a limited diffusion radius. Existing microporous aerators for sewage treatment, such as CN104326580B, utilize a micro-arched plate structure, enhancing the microporous aerator's load resistance and structural stability, maximizing the effective aeration area. However, large-scale sewage treatment tanks require the installation of numerous discs, increasing equipment costs and installation workload. Furthermore, these discs are installed at the bottom of the tank, requiring draining the tank or diving for maintenance, making them difficult and time-consuming to inspect and clean. Plate aeration offers high ventilation volume and uniform dissolved oxygen distribution. For example, the CN105502706B slat-type microporous aerator uses wide, long strips that can be 6,000mm to 10,000mm long and 200mm to 600mm wide. This greatly increases the service area. However, this type of equipment primarily diffuses bubbles vertically, lacking a turbulence enhancement mechanism. The bubble rise trajectory is single, the stirring intensity is insufficient, and the plate surface lacks protection. The aeration membrane is exposed to sewage when the system is shut down. Due to sedimentation in the water body, atmospheric pressure must be increased when the system is restarted after shutdown to flush out the sludge, and frequent inspection and maintenance are also required.

[0003] In view of this, we conducted in-depth research on the above issues, which led to the emergence of this case. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a micron-grade gill-type microporous aerator for sewage treatment, so as to solve the problem raised in the above background technology of how to comprehensively improve the aeration range and mixing efficiency while ensuring the convenience of maintenance.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a micron-scale gill-type microporous aerator for sewage treatment, comprising an air distribution system and an aeration unit; The air distribution system is a rectangular air distribution pipe rack composed of horizontal air distribution pipes and vertical air distribution pipes, and an air inlet is provided on the pipe rack; The main body of the aeration unit is an annular aeration disc, which is fixed to the air distribution pipe frame through a connector. An annular air path and a gill-like membrane are provided in the aeration disc, and the annular air path is connected to the air inlet; An inflatable air bag is provided just above the annular aeration disc, air is supplied through an air supply pipe, and a movable frame is provided inside the inflatable air bag; The inflatable airbag cooperates with the movable frame to form an integral folding protection mechanism on the upper surface of the aeration plate, and the movable frame unfolds into a double-conical frame when the inflatable airbag is inflated; The lower end of the movable frame is provided with a plurality of guide protrusions, and the movable frame cooperates with the guide protrusions to integrally support the inflatable airbag to form a guide diffusion structure above the aeration plate; The air distribution system as a whole is disassembled and fixed in the sewage pool through positioning poles. When the fixation is released, the inflatable airbag is inflated to drive the aeration unit as a whole to float to the water surface for maintenance.

[0006] Preferably, the micropores of the gill-mimicking membrane are distributed in a gradient manner, with a pore size range of 10-200 μm, and a pore density increasing from the annular air path to the outer edge.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the large pores are resistant to clogging, and the small pores ensure the generation of microbubbles, which comprehensively improves the oxygen mass transfer efficiency, effectively increases the dissolved oxygen content, enhances the purification efficiency, shortens the processing time, and achieves efficient and stable sewage treatment effects.

[0008] Preferably, the air inlets are evenly distributed on the horizontal air distribution pipes, and the spacing between the air inlets is equal to the row spacing of the horizontal air distribution pipes, and the annular air path is connected to the air inlets through a connector.

[0009] The above technical solution can facilitate the multi-point connection and installation of gas supply in conjunction with the annular aeration disc, forming an overall frame structure while ensuring uniform gas distribution, reducing energy consumption, improving aeration uniformity, further optimizing sewage treatment effects, and achieving efficient resource utilization.

[0010] Preferably, the aeration unit is at least 4 annular aeration disks, and each annular aeration disk is fixed to the air distribution pipe rack via 4 symmetrically distributed connecting pieces.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple discs work together to enhance the aeration coverage area, balance the air supply pressure, ensure aeration uniformity, improve the overall aeration efficiency, ensure efficient and stable sewage treatment, extend the service life of the equipment, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0012] Preferably, the inflatable airbag is a double-layered airbag structure consisting of a protective inner membrane and a protective outer membrane, with the movable frame disposed between the two. The surfaces of the protective inner membrane and the protective outer bladder are provided with a wear-resistant coating made of a polyurethane-silicon carbide composite material.

[0013] The above technical solution enhances the durability and wear resistance of the inflatable bladder, extending the aerator's overall service life. The dual-layer design of the protective inner membrane and outer bladder further protects the bladder from sewage erosion and physical damage, ensuring stable operation in harsh environments. Furthermore, the movable frame, located between the two-layer bladder structure, not only enhances structural stability but also ensures that the bladder can be stably expanded or folded during inflation and deflation.

[0014] Preferably, the inner ring of the aeration disc is provided with a cross-shaped fixing frame, and the air supply pipe and the movable rotating shaft are both connected to the middle of the fixing frame, and the air supply pipe is communicated with the annular air path.

[0015] The cross-shaped mounting bracket design not only enhances the structural strength of the aeration disc 4 but also facilitates the connection and fixation of the air supply pipe and the movable shaft, ensuring stable gas supply and smooth operation of the rotating guide structure. The central connection of the mounting bracket allows the air supply pipe to directly deliver gas to the annular air path, ensuring efficient and continuous aeration.

[0016] Preferably, the double pyramid structure of the movable frame includes a movable rod, a connecting shaft and a connecting ring, the connecting rings are located at the top and bottom ends of the double pyramid, wherein the top connecting ring is fixedly connected to the top of the protective outer bag, and the bottom connecting ring is connected to the middle of the fixed frame through a movable rotating shaft; The plurality of movable rods serve as edges of the double pyramid, each movable rod is movably hinged to an adjacent connecting ring, and adjacent movable rods are movably connected via a central connecting shaft.

[0017] The bi-pyramid structure of the movable frame, employing this technical solution, not only enhances structural stability and ensures support capacity, but also forms a stable support framework when the airbags are inflated and deployed, effectively resisting water impact and maintaining the stability of the diversion structure. Furthermore, the hinged connection between the movable rods and the connecting ring, as well as the flexible connection between adjacent movable rods, allows the movable frame to flexibly collapse when the airbags are deflated and folded, facilitating maintenance and storage of the aeration unit.

[0018] Preferably, in the folding mechanism of the movable frame, the rotation angle of adjacent movable rods is 15°-30° in the folded state and 90°-120° in the unfolded state; The lower end of the inflatable airbag presents a protruding diversion inclined structure on the lower surface of the cooperation support of the diversion protruding block and the movable rod, and the diversion inclination angle ranges from 20° to 45°.

[0019] The folding and unfolding design of the movable frame not only optimizes the aerator's space usage and improves its portability and flexibility, but also ensures that the inflatable airbags can stably support and diffuse bubbles during underwater operation, improving aeration efficiency. The tilted diversion structure further enhances the diffusion range of the bubbles, allowing for a more even distribution of dissolved oxygen throughout the wastewater, thus optimizing wastewater treatment effectiveness.

[0020] Preferably, the positioning mark is fixed vertically above the air distribution system, and a limit hole is provided on the side of the positioning mark corresponding to the mark scale, and a limit beam is provided on the side of the sewage pool to cooperate with the limit hole for locking.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution and the coordinated design of the positioning mark and the limiting beam, the depth of the aerator in the water can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the coordinated position of the limiting hole and the limiting beam to adapt to different sewage treatment needs and pool structures, further improving the applicability and flexibility of the equipment. It not only realizes the positioning and stable installation of the aerator in the sewage pool, but also facilitates auxiliary positioning during floating maintenance, and facilitates cleaning and maintenance work close to the water surface.

[0022] The maintenance method of the aerator includes the following steps: Release the lock of the positioning pole on the gas distribution system and continue to supply gas; Inflate the air bag through the air supply pipe to expand the movable frame and drive the aeration unit and air distribution system to float upward; After cleaning and maintaining the water surface, stop the air supply to shrink the airbag, and guide the aeration unit and air distribution system to sink and reset under its own weight through the positioning benchmark.

[0023] Using this technical solution and following the appropriate maintenance procedures, operators can easily unlock the positioning rod and, while maintaining a continuous air supply, leverage the buoyancy of the inflated bladder to bring the aeration unit and air distribution system to the surface. Once at the surface, operators can perform necessary cleaning and maintenance work, such as inspecting the aeration disc, gill membranes, and cleaning the bladder surface. Once maintenance is complete, air supply is stopped, and the bladder naturally deflates. The positioning rod then acts as a guide, helping the aeration unit and air distribution system accurately descend and reposition under its own weight. This eliminates the need for additional diving or complex operations, significantly improving maintenance efficiency and safety.

[0024] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the annular aerator of the micron-level gill-type microporous aerator for sewage treatment has achieved breakthroughs in three dimensions: aeration range, mixing efficiency, and maintenance convenience through structural reconstruction. The annular aerator is combined with the movable airbag to form an integrated design of "annular aeration - folding protection - diffusion diversion - floating maintenance". While improving the oxygen mass transfer efficiency, it significantly reduces operation and maintenance costs and is suitable for high-concentration industrial wastewater and municipal sewage treatment scenarios. Specific advantages include: 1. Annular aeration expands the aeration coverage area, increasing the effective radius of a single aeration disc. Reduced layout density allows standard oxygen requirements to be met, reducing equipment usage. Rectangular air distribution pipe racks also support rapid splicing and expansion, reducing installation time. The rectangular air distribution pipe racks enable parallel air supply from multiple aeration discs, reducing pressure loss. The overall frame structure facilitates overall lifting and maintenance. The gill-like diaphragm gradient micropore design ensures microbubble generation, comprehensively improving oxygen mass transfer efficiency and ensuring efficient aeration. 2. Diffusion and diversion optimize gas-liquid mixing. The annular aeration method is combined with the movable frame in the middle and the inflatable airbag to form diversion and enhanced diffusion. The expanded double-cone skeleton forms a three-dimensional diversion field. Combined with the annular aeration, it constitutes a unique diversion-aeration synergistic system, which prolongs the bubble residence time, effectively prolongs the average bubble residence time, and the uniformity of dissolved oxygen distribution is better than that of the plate type, thereby improving oxygen utilization.

[0025] 3. The use of folding protection and floating maintenance methods brings innovative changes to the maintenance of the aeration system. The inflatable airbag is combined with the double-conical movable frame of the movable frame. The folded state saves space. The foldable protective airbag covers the aeration disc when the system is stopped to prevent sludge deposition. The air supply pipe connects the annular air path and the inflatable airbag at the same time, using the same air source to achieve aeration and floating functions. After inflation, it automatically unfolds to form a rigid skeleton to support the diversion. After unfolding, it can also serve as a buoyancy device to drive the integrated overall frame to float. It is positioned with the positioning mark to achieve positioning, and can be directly maintained on the water surface without draining the pool or diving. It can quickly clean and maintain while effectively reducing maintenance needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air distribution system when the inflatable airbag of the present invention is folded; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the folding structure of the inflatable airbag of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air distribution system when the inflatable airbag of the present invention is inflated; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the inflatable structure of the inflatable airbag of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the inflatable airbag of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the movable frame structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inflatable airbag of the present invention when it is inflated; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the aeration plate of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention during floating maintenance.

[0027] In the figure: 1. Air distribution system; 101. Horizontal air distribution pipe; 102. Vertical air distribution pipe; 2. Aeration unit; 3. Air inlet; 4. Aeration plate; 5. Connecting piece; 6. Annular air path; 7. Gill-like membrane; 8. Inflatable airbag; 81. Protective inner membrane; 82. Protective outer bag; 9. Movable frame; 91. Movable rod; 92. Connecting shaft; 93. Connecting ring; 10. Guide protrusion; 11. Movable rotating shaft; 12. Positioning mark; 121. Limiting hole; 13. Fixing frame; 14. Air supply pipe; 15. Limiting beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] See also Figure 1-10 The present invention provides a technical solution: a micron-level gill-type microporous aerator for sewage treatment, comprising an air distribution system 1 and an aeration unit 2; the air distribution system 1 is a rectangular air distribution pipe rack composed of a horizontal air distribution pipe 101 and a vertical air distribution pipe 102; the rectangular air distribution pipe rack supports rapid splicing and expansion, reducing installation time by 40%, the aeration unit 2 is mainly an annular aeration disk 4, fixed to the air distribution pipe rack by a connector 5, a single aeration disk 4 with an outer diameter of Φ350mm and an effective effective radius of 1.2m, which is 50% higher than that of traditional disks, and the standard oxygen demand can be met by a layout density of 4 / ㎡, greatly reducing the amount of equipment used, the aeration disk 4 is provided with an annular air path 6 and a gill-like diaphragm 7, the micropores of the gill-like diaphragm 7 are distributed in a gradient, with a pore size range of 10-200μm, and the pore density increases from the annular air path 6 to the outer edge. The large pores are resistant to clogging, and the small pores ensure the generation of microbubbles, which comprehensively improve the oxygen mass transfer efficiency, effectively increase the dissolved oxygen content, enhance the purification efficiency, shorten the processing time, and achieve efficient and stable sewage treatment effects.

[0030] An air inlet 3 is provided on the pipe rack, and an annular air path 6 is connected to the air inlet 3. The air inlets 3 are evenly distributed on the horizontal air distribution pipe 101, and the spacing between the air inlets 3 is equal to the row spacing of the horizontal air distribution pipe 101, and the annular air path 6 is connected to the air inlet 3 via a connector 5. It can be conveniently combined with the annular aeration disc 4 for multi-point connection and installation of air supply, forming an overall frame structure while ensuring uniform gas distribution, reducing energy consumption, improving aeration uniformity, further optimizing sewage treatment effects, and achieving efficient resource utilization. The aeration unit 2 is composed of at least four annular aeration discs 4, and each annular aeration disc 4 is fixed to the air distribution pipe rack by four symmetrically distributed connectors 5. Multiple discs work together to increase the aeration coverage area, balance the air supply pressure, ensure aeration uniformity, improve overall aeration efficiency, ensure efficient and stable sewage treatment, extend the service life of the equipment, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0031] An inflatable airbag 8 is arranged directly above the annular aeration disc 4, and air is supplied through the air supply pipe 14. A movable frame 9 is arranged inside the inflatable airbag 8. The inflatable airbag 8 is a double-layered capsule structure consisting of a protective inner membrane 81 and a protective outer capsule 82, and the movable frame 9 is arranged between the two. The surfaces of the protective inner membrane 81 and the protective outer capsule 82 are provided with a wear-resistant coating made of a polyurethane-silicon carbide composite material. The protective inner membrane 81 and the protective outer capsule 82 are EPDM rubber layers with a thickness of 1.5-2mm, and the wear-resistant coating is made of a polyurethane matrix and 20-30wt% silicon carbide particles. The durability and wear resistance of the inflatable airbag 8 are enhanced, and the overall service life of the aerator is increased. The double-layer design of the protective inner membrane 81 and the protective outer capsule 82 further protects the inflatable airbag 8 from sewage erosion and physical damage, ensuring that the aerator can still operate stably in harsh environments. In addition, the movable frame 9 is arranged between the double-layer bag structure, which not only enhances the stability of the structure, but also ensures that the inflatable airbag 8 can be stably expanded or folded for protection when inflating and deflating.

[0032] The inflatable airbag 8 cooperates with the movable frame 9 on the upper surface of the aeration plate 4. Figure 3 The integral folding protection mechanism is formed, and the movable frame 9 is unfolded into a double-conical frame when the airbag 8 is inflated; Figure 7As shown, the double pyramid structure of the movable frame 9 includes a movable rod 91, a connecting shaft 92, and a connecting ring 93. The connecting ring 93 is located at the top and bottom ends of the double pyramid, wherein the top connecting ring 93 is fixedly connected to the top of the protective outer bag 82, and the bottom connecting ring 93 is connected to the middle of the fixed frame 13 via a movable rotating shaft 11. Multiple movable rods 91 serve as the edges of the double pyramid, and each movable rod 91 is movably hinged to the adjacent connecting ring 93. Adjacent movable rods 91 are movably connected via the middle connecting shaft 92. The double pyramid structure design of the movable frame 9 not only enhances the stability of the structure and ensures its support capacity, but also, the movable hinge between the movable rods 91 and the connecting ring 93 and the movable connection between adjacent movable rods 91 enable the movable frame 9 to flexibly retract when the inflatable air bag 8 is deflated and folded, facilitating the maintenance and storage of the aeration unit.

[0033] Combine Figure 5-Figure 8 As shown, the lower end of the movable frame 9 is provided with multiple diversion protrusions 10. The movable frame 9 cooperates with the diversion protrusions 10 to integrally support the inflatable airbag 8 above the aeration disk 4 to form a diversion and diffusion structure. The movable frame 9 forms a stable support framework when the inflatable airbag 8 is inflated and expanded, effectively resisting the impact of water flow and maintaining the stability of the diversion structure. In the folding mechanism of the movable frame 9, the rotation angle between adjacent movable rods 91 is 15°-30° in the folded state and 90°-120° in the expanded state. The lower end of the inflatable airbag 8 presents a protruding diversion tilt structure on the lower surface supported by the diversion protrusions 10 and the movable rods 91, with a diversion tilt range of 20°-45°. The folding and expanding design of the movable frame 9 not only optimizes the space occupied by the aerator and improves the portability and flexibility of the equipment, but also ensures that the inflatable airbag 8 can stably support and diffuse bubbles when working underwater, improving aeration efficiency and extending the average bubble residence time to 8-10 seconds. The setting of the inclined diversion structure further enhances the diffusion range of bubbles, allowing the dissolved oxygen to be more evenly distributed in the sewage. The CV value of the dissolved oxygen distribution uniformity is less than 15%, which optimizes the sewage treatment effect.

[0034] The inner ring of the aeration disc 4 is equipped with a cross-shaped mounting bracket 13. The air supply pipe 14 and the movable shaft 11 are both connected to the middle of the mounting bracket 13. The air supply pipe 14 is connected to the annular air path 6. The design of the cross-shaped mounting bracket 13 not only enhances the structural strength of the aeration disc but also facilitates the connection and fixation of the air supply pipe 14 and the movable shaft 11, ensuring the stability of the gas supply and the smooth operation of the rotating guide structure. The connection in the middle of the mounting bracket 13 allows the air supply pipe 14 to directly deliver gas to the annular air path 6, ensuring the efficiency and continuity of the aeration process.

[0035] like Figure 10As shown, when maintenance is required, the air distribution system 1 is disassembled and fixed in the sewage pool by the positioning mark 12. When the fixation is released, the inflatable airbag 8 is inflated to drive the aeration unit 2 to float to the water surface for maintenance. The positioning mark 12 is fixed vertically above the air distribution system 1, and a limit hole 121 is provided on the side of the positioning mark 12 corresponding to the mark scale. A limit beam 15 is provided on the side of the sewage pool to lock with the limit hole 121. The matching design of the positioning mark 12 and the limit beam 15 can flexibly control the depth of the aerator in the water by adjusting the matching position of the limit hole 121 and the limit beam 15 to adapt to different sewage treatment needs and pool structures, further improving the applicability and flexibility of the equipment. It not only realizes the positioning and stable installation of the aerator in the sewage pool, but also facilitates auxiliary positioning during floating maintenance, and facilitates cleaning and maintenance work close to the water surface.

[0036] The maintenance method of the aerator specifically includes the following steps: Release the lock of the positioning mark 12 on the air distribution system 1 and continue to supply air; during the ascent, maintain the internal pressure of the inflatable airbag 8 at 0.15-0.25MPa Inflate the airbag 8 through the air supply pipe 14, so that the movable frame 9 is unfolded and drives the aeration unit 2 and the air distribution system 1 to float upward, and the unit lifting is completed within 3 minutes; After the water surface is cleaned and maintained, the air supply is stopped to shrink the airbag, and the aeration unit 2 and the air distribution system 1 are guided by the positioning mark 12 to sink and reset under their own weight.

[0037] Through the corresponding maintenance process, the operator can easily unlock the positioning mark 12 and, while maintaining a continuous air supply, use the buoyancy of the inflatable airbag 8 to float the aeration unit 2 and air distribution system 1 as a whole to the surface. Once at the surface, the operator can perform necessary cleaning and maintenance work, such as inspecting the aeration disc 4, the gill-like membrane 7, or cleaning the airbag surface. After maintenance is completed, the air supply is stopped, and the airbag naturally deflates. At this time, the positioning mark 12 acts as a guide, helping the aeration unit 2 and air distribution system 1 to accurately sink and reset under its own weight. This eliminates the need for additional diving or complex operations, greatly improving maintenance efficiency and safety.

[0038] Under standard test conditions of 300mg / L COD, this solution achieves an oxygen utilization efficiency (SOTE) of 38.5%, a 55% improvement over traditional disc-type aeration systems. Unit energy consumption is reduced to 2.1kW·h / kgO2, saving 25% in operating costs. By reconstructing the flow field within a ring structure, this solution achieves breakthroughs in aeration range, mixing efficiency, and ease of maintenance, making it suitable for a wide range of large-scale wastewater treatment projects. Actual measurement data shows that in an A²O process with a treatment capacity of 10,000 m³ / d, the number of aeration units can be reduced by 42%, lowering annual maintenance costs by over 600,000 yuan.

[0039] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A micron-sized gill-type microporous aerator for sewage treatment, comprising an air distribution system (1) and an aeration unit (2), characterized in that: The air distribution system (1) is a rectangular air distribution pipe rack formed by the intersection of horizontal air distribution pipes (101) and vertical air distribution pipes (102), and an air inlet (3) is provided on the pipe rack; The main body of the aeration unit (2) is an annular aeration disc (4), which is fixed to the air distribution pipe frame via a connector (5); an annular air path (6) and a gill-like membrane (7) are provided inside the aeration disc (4); the annular air path (6) is connected to the air inlet (3); An inflatable air bag (8) is provided directly above the annular aeration disc (4), air is supplied via an air supply pipe (14), and a movable frame (9) is provided inside the inflatable air bag (8); The inflatable airbag (8) cooperates with the movable frame (9) to form an integral folding protective mechanism on the upper surface of the aeration plate (4); when the inflatable airbag (8) is inflated, the movable frame (9) unfolds into a double-conical frame; A plurality of diversion protrusions (10) are provided at the lower end of the movable frame (9), and the movable frame (9) cooperates with the diversion protrusions (10) to integrally support the inflatable airbag (8) above the aeration plate (4) to form a diversion diffusion structure; The air distribution system (1) is disassembled and fixed in the sewage pool as a whole through a positioning mark (12). When the fixation is released, the inflatable air bag (8) is inflated to drive the aeration unit (2) as a whole to float to the water surface for maintenance.

2. The micron-grade gill-type microporous aerator for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micropores of the gill-mimicking membrane (7) are distributed in a gradient manner, with a pore size range of 10-200 μm, and a pore density that increases from the annular air path (6) toward the outer edge.

3. The micron-grade gill-type microporous aerator for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlets (3) are evenly distributed on the horizontal air distribution pipe (101), and the spacing between the air inlets (3) is equal to the row spacing of the horizontal air distribution pipe (101), and the annular air path (6) is connected to the air inlets (3) through a connecting piece (5).

4. The micron-grade gill-type microporous aerator for sewage treatment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The aeration unit (2) comprises at least four annular aeration discs (4), and each annular aeration disc (4) is fixed to an air distribution pipe frame via four symmetrically distributed connecting pieces (5).

5. The micron-grade gill-type microporous aerator for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inflatable airbag (8) is a double-layered airbag structure consisting of a protective inner membrane (81) and a protective outer membrane (82), with the movable frame (9) being arranged between the two. The surfaces of the protective inner membrane (81) and the protective outer bladder (82) are provided with a wear-resistant coating made of a polyurethane-silicon carbide composite material.

6. The micron-grade gill-type microporous aerator for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner ring of the aeration disc (4) is provided with a cross-shaped fixing frame (13), and the air supply pipe (14) and the movable rotating shaft (11) are both connected to the middle of the fixing frame (13), and the air supply pipe (14) is communicated with the annular air path (6).

7. The micron-grade gill-type microporous aerator for sewage treatment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The double pyramid structure of the movable frame (9) includes a movable rod (91), a connecting shaft (92) and a connecting ring (93), wherein the connecting ring (93) is located at the top and bottom ends of the double pyramid, wherein the top connecting ring (93) is fixedly connected to the top of the protective outer bag (82), and the bottom connecting ring (93) is connected to the middle of the fixed frame (13) via a movable rotating shaft (11); The plurality of movable rods (91) serve as edges of the double pyramid, and each movable rod (91) is movably hinged to an adjacent connecting ring (93), and adjacent movable rods are movably connected via a central connecting shaft (92).

8. The micron-grade gill-type microporous aerator for sewage treatment according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the folding mechanism of the movable frame (9), the rotation angle of adjacent movable rods (91) is 15°-30° in the folded state and 90°-120° in the unfolded state; The lower end of the inflatable airbag (8) presents a protruding diversion inclined structure on the lower surface of the supporting cooperation between the diversion protruding block (10) and the movable rod (91), and the diversion inclination angle ranges from 20° to 45°.

9. The micron-grade gill-type microporous aerator for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning mark rod (12) is vertically fixed above the air distribution system (1), and a limit hole (121) is provided on the side of the positioning mark rod (12) corresponding to the mark rod scale, and a limit beam (15) is provided on the side of the sewage pool to cooperate with the limit hole (121) for locking.

10. A maintenance method for the aerator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Release the locking of the positioning rod (12) on the gas distribution system (1) and continue to supply gas; Inflate the inflatable airbag (8) through the air supply pipe (14), so that the movable frame (9) unfolds and drives the aeration unit (2) and the air distribution system (1) to float upward; After the water surface is cleaned and maintained, the air supply is stopped to shrink the air bag, and the aeration unit (2) and the air distribution system (1) are guided by the positioning mark (12) to sink and reset under their own weight.

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