Top combustion type hot blast stove

Abstract

A flow guide part is arranged in a furnace body and can change the flow direction of most airflow at a cold air inlet, so that the cold air flow flows at a preset angle with the radial direction, the airflow can be uniformly distributed in a cold air chamber, and the phenomenon that the airflow is intensively distributed in the middle of the cold air chamber in the prior art is improved. Meanwhile, in consideration of the phenomenon that the circumferential airflow is possibly concentrated after the flow direction of the cold air flow is changed, the lattice holes of the heat accumulator are further arranged to be in a non-uniform-section mode, and the through-flow area of the second lattice holes far away from the center axis is smaller than that of the first lattice holes close to the center axis; in this way, airflow in the circumferential area of the cold air chamber can be forced to flow to the middle area of the cold air chamber, air distribution of the cold air chamber is uniform, the uniformity of airflow entering the heat storage chamber is improved, and the overall heat exchange efficiency of the heat storage body is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of combustion technology, in particular to a top-burning hot blast stove. Background Art

[0002] A top-fired hot blast furnace is a key piece of equipment used primarily in the blast furnace ironmaking process. Its function is to provide the blast furnace with a continuous and stable supply of high-temperature hot air (typically exceeding 1200°C). The regenerator is one of its core components, fulfilling the crucial function of heat storage and transfer. The even flow of high-temperature flue gas from the top of the regenerator during firing, and the even flow of cool air from the bottom during blast, directly determine the hot blast furnace's thermal efficiency, air supply temperature stability, and energy efficiency.

[0003] In traditional top-burning hot blast furnaces, the airflow in the center of the combustion chamber flows upward and back when the furnace is burning. The flue gas velocity at the combustion chamber wall is large and the airflow distribution is uneven. Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This diagram simulates the airflow direction at the cold air inlet in conventional technology. During air supply, cold air enters the bottom space of the hot air furnace through the cold air inlet and then enters the regenerator for heating. It can be seen that the airflow velocity is relatively high along the inlet flow direction. This results in a high velocity entering the regenerator through the central area near the cold air inlet, while the velocity of fluid entering the regenerator from the peripheral areas is lower. The uniformity of the airflow distribution entering the regenerator directly determines the heating effect of the hot air.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the uniformity of the airflow entering the heat storage chamber as much as possible has been a technical issue that has always been of concern to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a top-fired hot blast stove that improves the uniformity of the airflow entering the regenerator.

[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides a top-fired hot blast stove, comprising:

[0007] A furnace body, comprising a heat storage chamber and a cold air chamber, wherein the cold air chamber is located below the heat storage chamber, and the furnace body further comprises a cold air inlet connected to the cold air chamber;

[0008] a flow guide component installed in the cold air chamber, wherein the flow direction of at least part of the cold air entering the cold air chamber from the cold air inlet is deflected by the flow guide component;

[0009] A heat storage body is located in the heat storage chamber, and the heat storage body includes a first part and a second part. The second part is located on the side of the first part away from the central axis of the heat storage body. The first part has a plurality of first grid holes, and the second part has a plurality of second grid holes. On the side facing the cold air chamber, the flow area of ​​the second grid holes is smaller than the flow area of ​​the first grid holes.

[0010] In the embodiment of the present application, the top-fired hot blast furnace is provided with a flow guide component capable of changing the direction of most of the airflow at the cold air inlet, so that the cold airflow flows at a predetermined angle to the radial direction, so that the airflow can be more evenly distributed inside the cold air chamber, thereby improving the phenomenon of the airflow being concentrated in the middle of the cold air chamber in the prior art. At the same time, considering that the circumferential airflow may be more concentrated after the direction of the cold air flow is changed, the embodiment of the present application further sets the grid holes of the heat storage body facing the cold air chamber in a non-uniform cross-section, and the flow area of ​​the second grid hole farther from the central axis is smaller than the flow area of ​​the first grid hole closer to the central axis. In this way, the airflow in the circumferential area of ​​the cold air chamber can be forced to flow to the central area of ​​the cold air chamber, making the gas distribution in the cold air chamber more uniform, thereby improving the uniformity of the airflow entering the heat storage chamber and improving the overall heat exchange efficiency of the heat storage body.

[0011] In one example, the second portion is located circumferentially around the first portion.

[0012] In one example, the projection of the guide component in the horizontal plane is located within the range of the projection of the second part in the horizontal plane.

[0013] In one example, the projection of the first part in the horizontal plane is a circle, the diameter of the circle is R1, the windward surface of the guide component is an arc surface, the arc surface is coaxially arranged with the circle, and the diameter of the arc surface is greater than or equal to R1.

[0014] In one example, a plurality of support columns are further included, each of which is located in the cold air chamber and is used to support the heat storage body, and the flow guide component is fixed on the support column.

[0015] In one example, a detachable part is further included, and the guide component is detachably connected to the support column via the detachable part.

[0016] In one example, the air guide component is arranged opposite to the cold air inlet, and a plurality of through holes are further provided on the air guide component, and the through holes penetrate the windward surface of the air guide component.

[0017] In one example, a projection of the air guide component in a first plane covers a projection of the cold air inlet in the first plane, and the first plane is perpendicular to a main axis of the cold air inlet.

[0018] In one example, the first grid holes are evenly arranged in the first portion, and the second grid holes are evenly arranged in the second portion;

[0019] Alternatively / and, the cross-section of the first grid holes is the same at all locations along the axial direction, or the cross-section of the first grid holes gradually increases from bottom to top;

[0020] Alternatively or alternatively, the cross-sections of the second grid holes are the same at all locations along the axial direction, or the cross-sections of the second grid holes gradually increase from bottom to top.

[0021] In one example, the top-fired hot air furnace further includes a combustion chamber, which is located on a side of the heat storage chamber away from the cold air chamber, and the cavity wall of the furnace body surrounding the combustion chamber further includes a gas inlet, an air inlet and a hot air outlet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a simulation diagram of the airflow direction at the cold air inlet position in the prior art;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a top-fired hot blast stove according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic top view of a cold air chamber according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Middle AA section view;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic top view of the structure shown;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat storage body in one embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a simulation diagram of the airflow direction in the cold air chamber in one embodiment of the present application.

[0029] in, Figures 1 to 7 The reference numerals in the figures are described as follows:

[0030] 1 furnace body; 11 gas inlet; 12 air inlet; 13 hot air outlet; 14 cold air inlet; 2 heat storage body; 21 first part; 211 first grid hole; 22 second part; 221 second grid hole; 3 support column; 31 base; 4 flow guide component; 5 grate; 6 beam; 7 clamp;

[0031] 101 cold air room; 102 heat storage room. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 2 to 7 , Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a top-fired hot blast stove according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A schematic top view of a cold air chamber according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Middle AA section view; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic top view of the structure shown; Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat storage body in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 This is a simulation diagram of the airflow direction in the cold air chamber in one embodiment of the present application.

[0034] The embodiment of the present application provides a top-burning hot air furnace, comprising a furnace body 1 and a heat storage body 2. The interior of the furnace body 1 includes a combustion chamber, a heat storage chamber 102, and a cold air chamber 101. The combustion chamber, the heat storage chamber 102, and the cold air chamber 101 are arranged from top to bottom. That is, the combustion chamber is located at the top of the heat storage chamber 102, and the cold air chamber 101 is located at the bottom of the heat storage chamber 102. In other words, the combustion chamber is located on the side of the heat storage chamber 102 facing away from the cold air chamber 101. The furnace body 1 is provided with a gas inlet 11, an air inlet 12, and a hot air outlet 13. Specifically, the gas inlet 11, the air inlet 12, and the hot air outlet 13 are all provided on the cavity wall of the furnace body 1 that forms the combustion chamber, and all three can be connected to the air mixing chamber. The cavity wall of the furnace body 1 that forms the cold air chamber 101 is provided with a cold air inlet 14. The cold air inlet 14 is connected to the cold air duct outside the furnace body 1 for introducing cold air into the cold air chamber 101.

[0035] In the embodiment of the present application, the regenerator 2 may be a checker brick with a plurality of lattice holes. The operating principle of a top-fired hot blast furnace is to first burn gas, using the resulting flue gas to heat the checker bricks (regenerator 2) in the regenerator chamber 102. The cold air entering through the cold air inlet 14 is then heated by the hot checker bricks. The hot blast furnace then alternates between combustion and air delivery, allowing the blast furnace to continuously receive high-temperature hot air. The hot blast furnace has two main operating modes: burning the blast furnace gas to heat the checker bricks in the regenerator chamber 102 (the "burning" mode), and using the checker bricks in the regenerator chamber 102 to heat the cold air and deliver it to the blast furnace (the "air delivery" mode).

[0036] In the embodiment of the present application, the top-fired hot blast furnace further includes a flow guide member 4, which is mounted on the support column 3. In the embodiment of the present application, the interior of the cold air chamber 101 is provided with the support column 3, and the flow guide member 4 is mounted on the support column 3. A grate 5 and a beam 6 may be provided on the top of the support column 3, and the heat storage body 2 is supported on the grate 5. The flow guide member 4 is used to change the flow direction of at least part of the cold air entering the cold air chamber 101 from the cold air inlet 14. In other words, under the action of the flow guide member 4, the flow direction of part or all of the cold air entering the cold air chamber 101 from the cold air inlet 14 is changed. Typically, cold air enters the cold air chamber 101 radially from the cold air inlet 14. Under the action of the flow guide member 4, the flow direction of at least part of the cold air is deflected, that is, under the action of the flow guide member 4, the flow direction of at least part of the cold air is deflected, that is, the flow direction of at least part of the cold air is changed to flow in a direction that is angled with the radial direction, and the flow guide member 4 directs the majority of the cold air toward the surrounding wall of the cold air chamber 101.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present application, the heat storage body 2 includes a first portion 21 and a second portion 22. The second portion 22 is located on the side of the first portion 21 facing away from the central axis of the heat storage body 2. The first portion 21 has a first grid hole 211, and the second portion 22 has a plurality of second grid holes 221. On the side facing the cold air chamber 101, the flow area of ​​the second grid holes 221 is smaller than the flow area of ​​the first grid holes 211. In other words, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second grid holes 221 on the end surface facing the cold air chamber 101 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the first grid holes 211 on the end surface facing the cold air chamber 101. The flow area is directly proportional to the cross-sectional area.

[0038] In the embodiment of the present application, the top-fired hot blast furnace is provided with a flow guide component 4 that can change the direction of most of the airflow at the cold air inlet 14, so that the cold airflow flows along a predetermined angle with the radial direction, so that the airflow can be more evenly distributed inside the cold air chamber 101, thereby improving the phenomenon that the airflow in the prior art is concentrated in the middle of the cold air chamber 101. At the same time, considering that the circumferential airflow may be more concentrated after the direction of the cold air flow is changed, the embodiment of the present application further sets the grid holes of the heat storage body 2 facing the cold air chamber 101 in the form of non-uniform cross-section, and the flow area of ​​the second grid hole 221 farther from the central axis is smaller than the flow area of ​​the first grid hole 211 closer to the central axis. In this way, the airflow in the circumferential area of ​​the cold air chamber 101 can be forced to flow to the central area of ​​the cold air chamber 101, making the gas distribution in the cold air chamber 101 more uniform, thereby improving the uniformity of the airflow entering the heat storage chamber 102, and improving the overall heat exchange efficiency of the heat storage body 2.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, the second portion 22 is located circumferentially around the first portion 21, that is, the first portion 21 is located in the middle region of the second portion 22. The first grid holes 211 are circumferentially surrounded by the second grid holes 221, which forces the airflow from the periphery to the middle region, thereby facilitating uniform airflow into the heat storage chamber 102.

[0040] The projection of the first portion 21 on the horizontal plane can be roughly circular, and the projection of the second portion 22 on the horizontal plane can be roughly annular, with the circle located in the center of the annular shape. Of course, in other embodiments, the projection of the first portion 21 on the horizontal plane can also be non-circular. The outer contour of the annular shape can be a circular contour with a diameter R2, or a non-circular contour, such as a square, depending on the specific structure of the cold air chamber 101.

[0041] In the embodiment of the present application, the projection of the flow guide member 4 on the horizontal plane is within the range of the projection of the second portion 22 on the horizontal plane. The flow guide member 4 can guide most of the fluid entering from the cold air inlet 14 to the area below the second portion 22. The airflow then diffuses toward the area below the first portion 21 as it flows below the second portion 22, facilitating the fluid flow to a location farther from the cold air inlet 14, and thereby entering the interior of the thermal storage body 2 farther from the cold air inlet 14.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present application, the projection of the first part 21 in the horizontal plane is a circle, the diameter of the circle is R1, and the windward surface of the guide component 4 is a curved surface. The so-called windward surface of the guide component 4 refers to the surface of the guide component 4 facing the cold air inlet 14. The guide component 4 can be a curved plate with a simple structure. The curved surface is coaxially arranged with the circle, and the diameter of the curved surface is greater than or equal to R1. In this embodiment, the windward surface of the guide plate is a curved surface, and the curved surface and the corresponding inner wall of the cold air chamber 101 form an air flow channel. Part or all of the air flow blown in by the cold air inlet 14 bypasses the curved surface after encountering the curved surface, and flows out from both sides of the curved surface and moves in a circular motion to form a backflow, which is beneficial to the heat exchange of the heat storage body 2 farther away from the cold air inlet 14.

[0043] This application Figure 7 The figure shows the distribution of airflow in the cold air chamber when the windward surface of the air guide component is an arc surface and the first grid hole is larger than the second grid hole. Figure 1 compared to, Figure 7 The intercooler has better indoor air flow distribution uniformity.

[0044] In one specific embodiment, the air guide component 4 is positioned opposite the cold air inlet 14 and is secured to two support columns 3. The two components can be welded or removably connected via detachable components, such as screws, bolts, or pins, to facilitate installation and subsequent maintenance. In one example, the air guide component 4 is secured to the support columns 3 via a clamp 7. To improve installation stability, the air guide component 4 can be secured to two or more support columns 3 simultaneously.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of through holes are further provided on the guide component 4, and the through holes penetrate the windward surface of the guide component 4, so that part of the airflow entering from the cold air inlet 14 can continue to flow forward through the through holes to the middle position of the cold air chamber 101, further optimizing the flow field of the airflow below the heat storage body 2, making the airflow distribution more uniform, and being able to evenly enter the heat storage body 2, further improving the heat exchange efficiency of the top-burning hot air furnace.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present application, the projection of the guide component 4 in the first plane covers the projection of the cold air inlet 14 in the first plane. The first plane is perpendicular to the main axis of the cold air inlet 14. In this way, the airflow entering from the cold air inlet 14 can basically contact the windward surface of the guide component 4. The guide surface is relatively large and the guide effect is relatively high.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present application, the first grid holes 211 can be evenly arranged in the first part 21, and the second grid holes 221 can also be evenly arranged in the second part 22; in this way, the molding process of the heat storage body 2 is relatively simple.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present application, the cross-section of the first grid holes 211 is the same at all locations along the axial direction, and the processing technology is simple. In another embodiment, the cross-section of the first grid holes 211 gradually increases from bottom to top, which is conducive to smooth airflow through the heat storage body 2.

[0049] Similarly, the cross-sections of the second grid holes 221 are the same at all locations along the axial direction. Alternatively, the cross-sections of the second grid holes 221 gradually increase from bottom to top.

[0050] In a specific embodiment, the diameter of the first grid holes 211 may be 28 mm, and the diameter of the second grid holes 221 may be 25 mm.

[0051] Regarding other structures of the top-burning hot blast stove, please refer to the existing technology and will not be described in detail in this article.

[0052] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0053] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A top-fired hot blast stove, characterized in that: include: A furnace body (1), the furnace body (1) comprising a heat storage chamber (102) and a cold air chamber (101), the cold air chamber (101) being located below the heat storage chamber (102), and the furnace body (1) further comprising a cold air inlet (14) communicating with the cold air chamber (101); A flow guide component (4) is installed in the cold air chamber (101), and under the action of the flow guide component (4), the flow direction of at least part of the cold air entering the cold air chamber (101) from the cold air inlet (14) is deflected; A heat storage body (2) is located in the heat storage chamber (102), the heat storage body (2) comprises a first portion (21) and a second portion (22), the second portion (22) is located on a side of the first portion (21) away from a central axis of the heat storage body (2), the first portion (21) has a plurality of first grid holes (211), the second portion (22) has a plurality of second grid holes (221), and on a side facing the cold air chamber (101), a flow area of ​​the second grid holes (221) is smaller than a flow area of ​​the first grid holes (211).

2. The top-fired hot blast stove according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second portion (22) is located on the circumferential periphery of the first portion (21).

3. The top-fired hot blast stove according to claim 2, characterized in that: The projection of the flow guide component (4) in the horizontal plane is located within the range of the projection of the second part (22) in the horizontal plane.

4. The top-fired hot blast stove according to claim 3, characterized in that: The projection of the first part (21) in the horizontal plane is a circle, the diameter of the circle is R1, the windward surface of the guide component (4) is an arc surface, the arc surface is coaxially arranged with the circle, and the diameter of the arc surface is greater than or equal to R1.

5. The top-fired hot blast stove according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of support columns, each of which is located in the cold air chamber (101), each of which is used to support the heat storage body (2), and the flow guide component (4) is fixed on the support column.

6. The top-fired hot blast stove according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a detachable part, and the guide component (4) is detachably connected to the support column via the detachable part.

7. The top-fired hot blast stove according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The flow guide component (4) is arranged opposite to the cold air inlet (14), and a plurality of through holes are also provided on the flow guide component (4), and the through holes penetrate the windward surface of the flow guide component (4).

8. The top-fired hot blast stove according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The projection of the air guide component (4) in the first plane covers the projection of the cold air inlet (14) in the first plane, and the first plane is perpendicular to the main axis of the cold air inlet (14).

9. The top-fired hot blast stove according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The first grid holes (211) are evenly arranged in the first portion (21), and the second grid holes (221) are evenly arranged in the second portion (22); Alternatively / and, the cross-section of the first grid holes (211) is the same at all locations along the axial direction, or the cross-section of the first grid holes (211) gradually increases from bottom to top; Alternatively, or alternatively, the cross-section of the second grid holes (221) is the same at all locations along the axial direction, or the cross-section of the second grid holes (221) gradually increases from bottom to top.

10. The top-fired hot blast stove according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The top-fired hot blast furnace further comprises a combustion chamber, which is located on a side of the heat storage chamber (102) facing away from the cold blast chamber (101). The cavity wall of the furnace body (1) that encloses the air mixing chamber further comprises a gas inlet (11), an air inlet (12) and a hot blast outlet (13).

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