Aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an aluminum-based composite material and a preparation method thereof, the aluminum-based composite material comprises an aluminum alloy matrix and graphene modified by a nano composite material, and the nano composite material comprises at least one of Ti3SiC2, Ti2SnC, HF2SnN, Ti2InN and Zr2InC. According to the aluminum-based composite material prepared by adopting the nano composite material modified graphene as a reinforcement, the heat-conducting property and the mechanical property of the aluminum-based composite material are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of metal-based composite materials, and in particular to an aluminum-based composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Metal-matrix composites (MMCs) are generally composed of a metal or alloy matrix reinforced with fibers, whiskers, particles, and other materials. By optimizing the combination of different matrices and reinforcements, the composite's properties can be adjusted, resulting in a variety of high-performance composites. Aluminum-matrix composites, with their excellent corrosion resistance, workability, and electrical and thermal conductivity, are widely used in aerospace, automotive, electronics, construction, and fitness equipment.

[0003] Graphene, with its unique two-dimensional structure, high strength, high electrical and thermal conductivity, is considered an ideal reinforcement for composite materials. However, graphene's high activity and poor stability are reasons why it is often modified with materials such as copper and silicon nitride to synergistically enhance the functional properties of aluminum-based composites.

[0004] However, the existing aluminum-based composite materials have limited ability to improve thermal conductivity and mechanical properties and cannot meet current application needs well. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides an aluminum-based composite material and a preparation method thereof. Graphene is modified with a high-modulus, high-strength, and high-toughness nanocomposite material as a reinforcement to cooperate with an aluminum alloy matrix, thereby significantly improving the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite material.

[0006] In one aspect of the present invention, an aluminum-based composite material is provided, comprising an aluminum alloy matrix and graphene coated with a nanocomposite material, wherein the nanocomposite material comprises at least one of Ti3SiC2, Ti2SnC, HF2SnN, Ti2InN, and Zr2InC.

[0007] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the mass of the aluminum alloy matrix accounts for 93 to 99.7% of the total mass of the aluminum-based composite material, the mass of the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material accounts for 0.3 to 7% of the total mass of the aluminum-based composite material, and the mass of the nanocomposite material accounts for 42 to 74% of the total mass of the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material.

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum alloy matrix includes multiple elements: Al, Mg, Si, Cu, Mn, Fe, Zn, Ti, and Cr, wherein the mass percentage of Mg is 0 to 6%, the mass percentage of Si is 0.08 to 0.6%, the mass percentage of Cu is 0.03 to 0.3%, the mass percentage of Mn is 0.03 to 1.2%, the mass percentage of Fe is 0.1 to 0.6%, the mass percentage of Zn is 0.01 to 0.9%, the mass percentage of Ti is 0 to 0.3%, the mass percentage of Cr is 0 to 0.35%, and the mass percentage of Al is 89.75 to 99.73%.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the grain size D of the aluminum alloy matrix is ​​0<D≤5μm

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the graphene D coated with the nanocomposite material 50 0.03~8μm.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the nanocomposite material coated on the graphene surface is 40 to 180 nm.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum-based composite material is in the form of a thin sheet;

[0013] and / or, the thickness of the flaky aluminum-based composite material is 0.05 to 0.5 mm;

[0014] And / or, the flatness of the thin sheet of aluminum-based composite material is 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the aluminum-based composite material according to the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0016] The aluminum alloy matrix powder and the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material are ball-milled to obtain a mixed material;

[0017] The mixed material is subjected to rolling and leveling heat treatment in sequence to obtain the aluminum-based composite material.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the particles D of the aluminum alloy matrix powder are 50 10~80μm;

[0019] And / or, the oxygen content of the aluminum alloy matrix powder is 500-1000 ppm.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present invention, before the mixed material is subjected to rolling and flattening heat treatment in sequence, the method further comprises: performing hot pressing and hot extrusion treatment on the mixed material in sequence;

[0021] The hot pressing temperature is 430-500°C;

[0022] And / or, the temperature of the hot extrusion is 450-510°C.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the rolling includes hot rolling and cold rolling;

[0024] The hot rolling temperature is 460-500°C.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the deformation amount of each hot rolling pass is 20-25%;

[0026] And / or, the deformation amount of each cold rolling pass is 10-15%.

[0027] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the leveling heat treatment includes:

[0028] The material is kept at 320-430°C for 20-50 minutes and then pressed and cooled. The pressing pressure is 30-50 MPa and the holding time is 40-70 seconds.

[0029] According to one embodiment of the present invention, before ball milling the aluminum alloy matrix powder and the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material to obtain a mixed material, the process further comprises:

[0030] The graphene and the nanocomposite material are ball-milled to obtain the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material.

[0031] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the D 50 0.3~15μm;

[0032] And / or, the D of the nanocomposite material 50 400~1200nm;

[0033] And / or, the D of the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material 50 0.1~13μm.

[0034] The present invention provides an aluminum-based composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein graphene is coated with a nanocomposite material. Since the material is a ternary layered nanocomposite material, which is layered and hexagonal, coating the graphene surface makes it easier for the reinforcement to be evenly dispersed in the matrix and less likely to cause interfacial reactions. At the same time, the material has good thermal conductivity and mechanical properties, and synergizes with the aluminum alloy matrix to improve the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the aluminum-based composite material provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below. The specific embodiments listed below are only for describing the principles and features of the present invention. The examples are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] The first aspect of the present invention provides an aluminum-based composite material, an aluminum alloy matrix and graphene coated with a nanocomposite material, wherein the nanocomposite material comprises at least one of Ti3SiC2, Ti2SnC, HF2SnN, Ti2InN, and Zr2InC. The structural diagram of the aluminum-based composite material provided in one embodiment of the present application is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the aluminum-based composite material includes an aluminum alloy matrix 101 and a nanocomposite-coated graphene 102. The graphene 102 coated with the nanocomposite is dispersed in the aluminum alloy matrix 101. The nanocomposite-coated graphene 102 includes graphene and a nanocomposite surrounded by the graphene.

[0038] Graphene has larger specific surface area, very easily reunites under the effect of van der Waals force, and the interfacial reaction of graphene and aluminum matrix is ​​difficult to control, easily generates Al4C3 brittle compound, causes adding graphene in composite material not only can not bring into play the excellent performance of graphene, also can reduce the mechanical properties and the processing characteristics such as the hardness, intensity of composite material.So how to make graphene uniformly dispersed in aluminum matrix and reduce the interfacial reaction of graphene and aluminum matrix, is the key of preparing graphene / aluminum composite material.The nanocomposite material that the present invention adopts belongs to ternary layered composite material, presents stratiform and hexagonal, is coated on graphene surface as modified phase and can reduce the agglomeration phenomenon of graphene, makes graphene uniformly dispersed in aluminum matrix, and this nanocomposite material is stable at high temperature, has the characteristics such as high modulus, high strength, high toughness, not only can suppress the interfacial reaction of graphene and aluminum matrix, also strengthened thermal conductivity and the mechanical property of aluminum matrix composite material.

[0039] The aluminum-based composite material provided by the present invention uses nanocomposite materials to modify graphene, and coating the graphene surface makes it easier for the reinforcement to be evenly dispersed in the matrix and less likely to cause interfacial reactions. At the same time, it has good thermal conductivity and mechanical properties, and works synergistically with the aluminum alloy matrix to improve the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite material.

[0040] Preferably, the nanocomposite material comprises one or more of Ti3SiC2, Ti2SnC, and HF2SnN. When the above three nanocomposites are used to modify graphene, the performance of the obtained aluminum-based composite material is even better.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the mass of the aluminum alloy matrix accounts for 93-99.7% of the total mass of the aluminum-based composite material, the mass of the graphene coated by the nanocomposite material accounts for 0.3-7% of the total mass of the aluminum-based composite material, and the mass of the nanocomposite material accounts for 42-74% of the total mass of the graphene coated by the nanocomposite material. Preferably, the mass of the aluminum alloy matrix accounts for 95-99.5% of the total mass of the aluminum-based composite material, the mass of the graphene coated by the nanocomposite material accounts for 0.5-5% of the total mass of the aluminum-based composite material, and the mass of the nanocomposite material accounts for 45-72% of the total mass of the graphene coated by the nanocomposite material.

[0042] In the aluminum-based composite material, controlling the mass of the graphene coated nanocomposite material within the above-mentioned range not only reduces the agglomeration of the graphene and ensures that the plasticity of the aluminum-based composite material is not destroyed, but also improves the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite material; controlling the mass of the graphene-coated nanocomposite material within the above-mentioned range allows the nanocomposite material to be uniformly coated on the graphene surface, thereby improving the interface bonding between the reinforcement and the aluminum matrix, and further improving the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite material.

[0043] Exemplarily, the mass of the aluminum alloy matrix accounts for 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, 99.5%, 99.7% of the total mass of the aluminum-based composite material, or a range consisting of any two of the above values. Exemplarily, the mass of the graphene coated by the nanocomposite material accounts for 0.3%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7% of the total mass of the aluminum-based composite material, or a range consisting of any two of the above values. Exemplarily, the mass of the nanocomposite material accounts for 42%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 74% of the total mass of the graphene coated by the nanocomposite material, or a range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the aluminum alloy matrix includes multiple elements: Al, Mg, Si, Cu, Mn, Fe, Zn, Ti, Cr, wherein the mass percentage of Mg is 0-6%, the mass percentage of Si is 0.08-0.6%, the mass percentage of Cu is 0.03-0.3%, the mass percentage of Mn is 0.03-1.2%, the mass percentage of Fe is 0.1-0.6%, the mass percentage of Zn is 0.01-0.9%, the mass percentage of Ti is 0-0.3%, the mass percentage of Cr is 0-0.35%, and the mass percentage of Al is 89.75-99.73%. Preferably, the mass percentage of Mg is 0.2-5.5%, the mass percentage of Si is 0.15-0.5%, the mass percentage of Cu is 0.05-0.25%, the mass percentage of Mn is 0.05-1.1%, the mass percentage of Fe is 0.25-0.5%, the mass percentage of Zn is 0.05-0.4%, the mass percentage of Ti is 0.03-0.2%, the mass percentage of Cr is 0.05-0.3%, and the mass percentage of Al is 91.25-99.17%.

[0045] Adding a small amount of Mg to aluminum alloy can significantly refine the grains of the alloy after annealing, mainly existing in solid solution and Mg2Al3 or Mg5Al8 phases. The strength of the material increases with the increase of Mg content, while the plasticity decreases and the processability also deteriorates. Therefore, the mass percentage of Mg is controlled within the range of 0-6%; controlling the mass percentage of Mn within the range of 0.03-1.2%, mainly existing in the MnAl6 phase, can enhance the strength, plasticity and formability of the alloy, while avoiding deformation and cracking of the alloy material and intracrystalline segregation due to excessive MnAl6 phase, which easily leads to coarse grains after annealing; the effect of Cr is similar to that of Mn, and adding both elements at the same time is better than adding either one alone. Fe can dissolve in MnAl6 to form (FeMn)Al6 compounds. The mass percentage of Fe is controlled within the range of 0.1-0.6%. If the total mass fraction of Fe and Mn is controlled within 1.85%, the grain size after annealing can be further refined and the mechanical and process properties of the material can be improved. Si and Fe can accelerate the decomposition of Mn from the supersaturated solid solution during thermal deformation, thereby improving some mechanical properties. Therefore, the mass percentage of Si is controlled within the range of 0.08-0.6%. A small amount of Cu can significantly improve the tensile strength of the alloy material, but too much will reduce the corrosion resistance of the material. Therefore, the mass percentage of Cu is controlled within the range of 0.03-0.3%. Considering the welding performance of the alloy material, adding Zn has a certain effect on improving the tensile strength. Its mass percentage is controlled within the range of 0.01-0.9%. The mass percentage of Ti is controlled within the range of 0-0.3%, which can further refine the grain size of the alloy material. Preferably, the above raw materials with a purity of ≥99.7% are selected to reduce the mixing of impurities and further improve the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite material.

[0046] Exemplarily, the mass percentage of Mg is 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, or a range consisting of any two of the above values. Exemplarily, the mass percentage of Si is 0.08%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, or a range consisting of any two of the above values. Exemplarily, the mass percentage of Cu is 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, or a range consisting of any two of the above values. Exemplarily, the mass percentage of Mn is 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.8%, 1%, 1.2%, or a range consisting of any two of the above values. Exemplarily, the mass percentage of Fe is 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, or a range consisting of any two of the above values. Exemplarily, the mass percentage of Zn is 0.01%, 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7%, 0.9%, or a range consisting of any two of the above values. Exemplarily, the mass percentage of Ti is 0%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, or a range consisting of any two of the above values. Exemplarily, the mass percentage of Cr is 0%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, or a range consisting of any two of the above values. Illustratively, the mass percentage of Al is 89.75%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 97%, 99%, 99.73% or a range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the grain size D of the aluminum alloy matrix is ​​0 < D ≤ 5 μm. Controlling the grain size of the aluminum alloy matrix within the above range can achieve fine grain strengthening, which is beneficial for improving the mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite material. Exemplarily, the grain size of the aluminum alloy matrix is ​​1 μm, 1.5 μm, 2 μm, 2.5 μm, 3 μm, 3.5 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm, or a range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the graphene D coated with the nanocomposite material 50 0.03 to 8 μm. Preferably, the graphene D coated with the nanocomposite material 50 0.05~5μm. 50The graphene coated with the nanocomposite material within the above range can be uniformly dispersed in the aluminum alloy matrix, thereby improving the interface bonding between the graphene and the aluminum alloy matrix, and further improving the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite material. 50 0.03μm, 0.08μm, 0.1μm, 0.5μm, 1μm, 2μm, 3μm, 4μm, 5μm, 6μm, 7μm, 8μm or a range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the nanocomposite material coated on the surface of graphene is 40 to 180 nm. Preferably, the thickness of the nanocomposite material coated on the surface of graphene is 50 to 150 nm. Controlling the thickness of the coating material within the above range can avoid uneven coating caused by excessive agglomeration of the material, while also improving the interfacial bonding between the graphene and the aluminum alloy matrix, thereby enhancing the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite material. Exemplarily, the thickness of the nanocomposite material coated on the surface of graphene is 40 nm, 60 nm, 80 nm, 100 nm, 120 nm, 140 nm, 160 nm, 180 nm or a range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the aluminum-based composite material is in the form of a thin sheet; and / or the thickness of the aluminum-based composite material in the form of a thin sheet is 0.05 to 0.5 mm; and / or the flatness of the aluminum-based composite material in the form of a thin sheet is 0.2 to 0.5 mm. By making the aluminum-based composite material into a thin sheet and then controlling the thickness and flatness of the sheet, the purpose of significant weight reduction can be achieved, making the application range of the aluminum-based composite material wider, and making the aluminum-based composite material into a thin sheet can further ensure the uniform dispersion of graphene in the aluminum alloy matrix, and improve the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite material. Exemplarily, the thickness of the aluminum-based composite material in the form of a thin sheet is 0.05 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm or a range consisting of any two of the above values. Illustratively, the flatness of the thin sheet of aluminum-based composite material is 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.45 mm, 0.5 mm, or a range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0051] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing an aluminum-based composite material as described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps: ball-milling an aluminum alloy matrix powder and graphene coated with a nanocomposite material to obtain a mixed material; and sequentially rolling and leveling heat-treating the mixed material to obtain an aluminum-based composite material.

[0052] Specifically, aluminum alloy matrix powder and nanocomposite-coated graphene are placed in a ball mill at a speed of 120-150 r / min for 8-12 hours at a ball-to-material ratio of 5:1 to 8:1. Milling is performed under inert gas or vacuum conditions to obtain a mixed material. Preferably, the inert gas is argon. The mixed material is then placed in a mold of a vacuum hot press and hot-pressed to obtain an aluminum-based composite ingot. The aluminum-based composite ingot is then rolled and subjected to a flattening heat treatment to obtain the aluminum-based composite material.

[0053] It should be noted that before the aluminum alloy matrix powder and the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material are ball-milled to obtain the mixed material, it is necessary to prepare the aluminum alloy matrix powder and the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material. For example, the raw materials for preparing the aluminum alloy matrix can be mixed according to the mass percentage, and then prepared by a rapid solidification atomization method. All raw materials are melted at 690-810°C and sprayed with protective gas Ar gas in the liquid state to prepare the powder. The atomization conditions are gas atomization method, and the cooling rate is 9*10 3 K / s~9*10 5 K / s, and the atomization pressure is 25-55 MPa. Ball milling can also be used to coat the nanomaterial on the graphene surface. Alternatively, other methods can be used to prepare graphene coated with an aluminum alloy matrix and nanocomposite materials, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0054] This method does not involve smelting, stirring, or long-term sintering processes, effectively reducing oxidation and burning of the raw materials. Furthermore, through hot pressing, extrusion, and rolling processes, the uniform distribution of graphene in the aluminum alloy matrix is ​​further ensured, improving the interfacial bonding between the graphene and the aluminum alloy matrix, refining the grain size of the aluminum-based composite material, and enhancing the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite material. The preparation method of the present invention is easy to control, easy to operate, safe to produce, and has high-quality finished products. By overcoming key process points and difficulties, it is conducive to achieving industrial-scale production. It also avoids the problems of residual carbon pollution, graphene agglomeration, and the difficult thermal deformation processing commonly encountered in metal-based composite materials in related technologies.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the particles D of the aluminum alloy matrix powder are 50 is 10 to 80 μm; and / or the oxygen content of the aluminum alloy matrix powder is 500 to 1000 ppm. Preferably, the particles D of the aluminum alloy matrix powder are 50 The particle size of the aluminum alloy matrix powder is 15 to 65 μm; the oxygen content of the aluminum alloy matrix powder is 500 to 800 ppm. 50The oxygen content of the aluminum alloy matrix powder is 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 55 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, or a range consisting of any two of the above values. For example, the oxygen content of the aluminum alloy matrix powder is 500 ppm, 600 ppm, 700 ppm, 800 ppm, 900 ppm, 1000 ppm, or a range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0056] By controlling the particle size of the aluminum alloy matrix powder, it is ensured that the aluminum alloy matrix powder and graphene can be mixed evenly, and the problem of reduced material strength due to excessively large particle size is avoided. During the preparation process of the aluminum alloy matrix powder, due to the high activity of Al, a dense oxide film is inevitably formed, which restricts the mutual diffusion of alloy elements during the densification process and makes it difficult to form metallurgical bonding. Excessive oxygen content will increase the brittleness of the material. Controlling the oxygen content can remove the dense oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix powder, thereby enhancing the metallurgical bonding ability and achieving powder densification.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, before the mixed material is subjected to rolling and flattening heat treatment in sequence, the method further includes: hot pressing and hot extrusion treatment of the mixed material in sequence; the temperature of hot pressing is 430-500°C; and / or the temperature of hot extrusion is 450-510°C. Exemplarily, the temperature of hot pressing is 430°C, 440°C, 450°C, 460°C, 470°C, 480°C, 490°C, 500°C, or a range consisting of any two of the above values. Exemplarily, the temperature of hot extrusion is 450°C, 460°C, 470°C, 480°C, 490°C, 500°C, 510°C, or a range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0058] Specifically, after the mixed material is obtained, it is placed in the mold of the vacuum hot press and the vacuum degree is set at 9*10 -2 ~9*10 -3 After the vacuum degree is reached, heating is started, the temperature is set at 430-500°C, the pressure is 90-120 MPa, the time is 70-180 minutes, and cooling is performed after the end to obtain an aluminum-based composite material ingot. The aluminum-based composite material ingot is hot extruded at a temperature of 450-510°C, an extrusion ratio of 25-36:1, an extrusion pressure of 100-150 MPa, and an extrusion speed of 2-5 mm / min.

[0059] Since the interface reaction temperature between the coating material and the aluminum alloy matrix is ​​above 650°C, controlling the temperature of the heat treatment can inhibit the occurrence of interface reaction in the composite material, thereby achieving uniform distribution of the reinforcement phase in the matrix, reducing or eliminating defects, improving the interface wettability between the two, enhancing the interface bonding strength, and further improving the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite material.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the rolling includes hot rolling and cold rolling; the hot rolling temperature is 460-500° C. Exemplarily, the hot rolling temperature is 460° C., 470° C., 480° C., 490° C., 500° C., or a range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0061] Specifically, the material is heated at 460-500°C for 40-70 minutes before hot rolling. Strict control of the hot pressing, hot extrusion, and hot rolling temperatures effectively suppresses interfacial reactions in the aluminum-based composite, achieving a uniform distribution of the reinforcement phase within the matrix, enhancing interfacial bonding strength, and further improving the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, the deformation amount of each hot rolling pass is 20-25%; and / or the deformation amount of each cold rolling pass is 10-15%. Exemplarily, the deformation amount of each hot rolling pass is 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, or a range consisting of any two of the above values. Exemplarily, the deformation amount of each cold rolling pass is 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, or a range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0063] Specifically, in addition to controlling the hot rolling temperature, the deformation of each pass must also be controlled during hot rolling. The deformation of each hot rolling pass is set at 20-25%, the rolling feed speed is controlled at 2-6 m / min, and the number of hot rolling passes is 4-7. Then, the cold rolling process is performed, with the deformation of each pass set at 10-15%, the rolling feed speed is controlled at 0.7-1 m / min, and the number of cold rolling passes is 5-8.

[0064] By controlling the deformation amount of each rolling process, the grains of the composite material can be fully refined while ensuring the stability of the material, the dislocation density can be increased, the work hardening effect can be obvious, the material strength can be greatly improved, and the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite material can be further improved.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, the leveling heat treatment includes: keeping the material at 320-430°C for 20-50 minutes and then pressing and cooling, the pressing pressure is 30-50 MPa, and the holding time is 40-70 seconds. Exemplarily, the temperature of the leveling heat treatment is 320°C, 350°C, 370°C, 380°C, 390°C, 400°C, 410°C, 420°C, 430°C or a range consisting of any two of the above values. Exemplarily, the holding time is 20 min, 25 min, 30 min, 35 min, 40 min, 45 min, 50 min or a range consisting of any two of the above values. Exemplarily, the pressing pressure is 30 MPa, 35 MPa, 40 MPa, 45 MPa, 50 MPa or a range consisting of any two of the above values. Exemplarily, the holding time is 40s, 45s, 50s, 55s, 60s, 65s, 70s, or a range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0066] Specifically, the cold-rolled material undergoes a flattening heat treatment, holding it at 320-430°C for 20-50 minutes. Afterwards, it is pressed and cooled using a steel die at a pressure of 30-50 MPa for 40-70 seconds. This pressing process yields a thin sheet of aluminum-based composite material, significantly reducing its weight.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, the aluminum alloy matrix powder and the nanocomposite-coated graphene are ball-milled to obtain a mixed material, and the process further includes ball-milling the graphene and the nanocomposite to obtain the nanocomposite-coated graphene. The ball-to-material ratio can be set to 6:1 to 11:1, the rotation speed can be set to 130 to 160 r / min, and the ball milling time can be set to 8 to 15 hours. The ball milling is performed under an inert gas or vacuum condition. Preferably, the inert gas is argon.

[0068] Ball milling is used to coat the nanocomposite material on the graphene surface, so that the nanocomposite material is evenly coated with the graphene, and the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material can be evenly distributed in the aluminum alloy matrix. The complete graphene structure is more conducive to evenly dispersing the load, transferring stress, reducing local stress concentration, forming a good interface bonding, and further improving the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite material.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment, the D of graphene 50 0.3 to 15 μm; and / or, D of the nanocomposite material 50 400 to 1200 nm; and / or, the D of the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material 50 is 0.1 to 13 μm. Preferably, the D 500.5~10μm; D 50 420~1000nm; D of graphene coated with nanocomposite material 50 0.5 to 10 μm. For example, the D 50 is 0.3 μm, 1 μm, 2 μm, 5 μm, 7 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 15 μm or a range consisting of any two of the above values. For example, the D 50 is 400 nm, 500 nm, 600 nm, 700 nm, 800 nm, 900 nm, 1000 nm, 1100 nm, 1200 nm or a range consisting of any two of the above values. 50 It is 0.1μm, 0.5μm, 1μm, 2μm, 5μm, 7μm, 9μm, 10μm, 12μm, 13μm or a range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0070] The particle size of the graphene, the particle size of the nanocomposite coated with graphene, and the particle size of the graphene coated with the nanocomposite must be within appropriate ranges to ensure that agglomeration does not occur, uniformly coat the graphene, and that the graphene coated with the nanocomposite has sufficient surface area to bond with the aluminum alloy matrix, thereby further improving the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite. The aluminum-based composite material provided by the present invention and its preparation method will be specifically described below through specific examples.

[0071] Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, materials, and instruments used in the following examples are conventional reagents, conventional materials, and conventional instruments in the art and can be obtained commercially. The reagents involved can also be synthesized by conventional methods in the art.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] 1) Preparation of aluminum alloy matrix: The mass percentage of Mg is 1.22%, the mass percentage of Si is 0.3%, the mass percentage of Cu is 0.2%, the mass percentage of Mn is 0.05%, the mass percentage of Fe is 0.3%, the mass percentage of Zn is 0.09%, the mass percentage of Ti is 0.15%, the mass percentage of Cr is 0.2%, and the mass percentage of Al is 97.49%. The raw material purity is ≥99.7%. All raw materials are melted at 780°C and sprayed with protective gas Ar gas in the liquid state to produce powder. The atomization condition is gas atomization method, and the cooling rate is 9*10 5 K / s, the atomization pressure was 40 MPa, and the aluminum alloy matrix was obtained.

[0074] 2) Preparation of nanocomposite material coated with graphene: D50 600nm nanocomposite material Ti3SiC2 and D 50 Graphene with a diameter of 0.8 μm was put into a ball mill, and the ball-to-material ratio was set to 10.5:1, the rotation speed was 138 r / min, and the ball milling time was 9.5 h. D 50 The graphene is coated with a nanocomposite material having a diameter of 0.7 μm, wherein the mass of the nanocomposite material accounts for 65% of the total mass of the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material.

[0075] 3) Preparation of aluminum-based composite materials: An aluminum alloy matrix and nanocomposite-coated graphene, wherein the mass of the aluminum alloy matrix accounts for 99.7% of the total mass and the mass of the nanocomposite-coated graphene accounts for 0.3% of the total mass, are ball-milled under argon protection at a speed of 141 r / min, a time of 9.5 h, and a ball-to-material ratio of 7:1 to obtain a mixed material.

[0076] Place the mixed material in the mold of the vacuum hot press and evacuate to 9*10 -3 After the heating is started after Pa, the hot pressing temperature reaches 435℃, and a pressure of 95MPa is applied at the same time. After the heat and pressure are maintained for 90min, the aluminum-based composite ingot is obtained after cooling.

[0077] The composite material ingot was hot extruded at an extrusion temperature of 475°C, an extrusion ratio of 27:1, an extrusion pressure of 145 MPa, and an extrusion speed of 4.2 mm / min, and then subjected to a multi-pass hot rolling process with a heating temperature of 478°C, a heating time of 60 min, a hot rolling deformation of each pass of 24%, a rolling feed speed of 5.5 m / min, and 5 passes of hot rolling. The multi-pass cold rolling process was then continued with a deformation of 13.5% per pass, a rolling feed speed of 0.7 m / min, and 6 passes of cold rolling.

[0078] The cold-rolled material is subjected to pressing heat treatment, with a heating temperature of 415°C and a holding time of 40 minutes. After the holding period, it is pressed and cooled using mold steel, with a pressing pressure of 46 MPa and a holding time of 65 seconds. After pressing and leveling treatment, an aluminum-based composite material is obtained.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the nanocomposite material in step 2) is Ti2SnC, and the other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step 3), the mass of the aluminum alloy substrate accounts for 93% of the total mass, the mass of the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material accounts for 7% of the total mass, and the other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0083] Example 4

[0084] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step 3), the mass of the aluminum alloy substrate accounts for 90% of the total mass, the mass of the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material accounts for 10% of the total mass, and the other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0085] Example 5

[0086] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step 3), the mass of the aluminum alloy substrate accounts for 99.9% of the total mass, the mass of the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material accounts for 0.1% of the total mass, and the other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0087] Example 6

[0088] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the mass of the nanocomposite material in step 2) accounts for 42% of the total mass of the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material, and the other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0089] Example 7

[0090] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the mass of the nanocomposite material in step 2) accounts for 80% of the total mass of the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material, and the other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0091] Example 8

[0092] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the mass of the nanocomposite material in step 2) accounts for 30% of the total mass of the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material, and the other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0093] Example 9

[0094] The difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that, in step 1), the mass percentage of Mg is 0%, the mass percentage of Si is 0.08%, the mass percentage of Cu is 0.03%, the mass percentage of Mn is 0.03%, the mass percentage of Fe is 0.1%, the mass percentage of Zn is 0.01%, the mass percentage of Ti is 0%, the mass percentage of Cr is 0%, and the mass percentage of Al is 99.73%. The other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0095] Example 10

[0096] The difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that, in step 1), the mass percentage of Mg is 6%, the mass percentage of Si is 0.6%, the mass percentage of Cu is 0.3%, the mass percentage of Mn is 1.2%, the mass percentage of Fe is 0.6%, the mass percentage of Zn is 0.9%, the mass percentage of Ti is 0.3%, the mass percentage of Cr is 0.35%, and the mass percentage of Al is 89.75%. The other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0097] Example 11

[0098] The difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that, in step 1), the mass percentage of Mg is 7%, the mass percentage of Si is 1%, the mass percentage of Cu is 0.5%, the mass percentage of Mn is 2%, the mass percentage of Fe is 1%, the mass percentage of Zn is 1%, the mass percentage of Ti is 0.5%, the mass percentage of Cr is 0.5%, and the mass percentage of Al is 86.5%. The other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0099] Example 12

[0100] This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that in step 3), the deformation of each hot rolling pass is 20%, the rolling feed rate is controlled at 6 m / min, and the number of hot rolling passes is 4. The deformation of each cold rolling pass is 10%, the rolling feed rate is controlled at 1 m / min, and the number of cold rolling passes is 5. Other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0101] Example 13

[0102] This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that the deformation of each hot rolling pass in step 3) is 25%, the rolling feed rate is controlled at 3 m / min, and the number of hot rolling passes is 7. The deformation of each cold rolling pass is 15%, the rolling feed rate is controlled at 0.8 m / min, and the number of cold rolling passes is 8. The remaining conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0103] Example 14

[0104] This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that, in step 3), the deformation of each hot rolling pass is 15%, the rolling feed rate is controlled at 1.5 m / min, and the number of hot rolling passes is three. The deformation of each cold rolling pass is 5%, the rolling feed rate is controlled at 0.3 m / min, and the number of cold rolling passes is four. Other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0105] Example 15

[0106] This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that, in step 3), the deformation of each hot rolling pass is 30%, the rolling feed rate is controlled at 7 m / min, and the number of hot rolling passes is 9. The deformation of each cold rolling pass is 20%, the rolling feed rate is controlled at 2 m / min, and the number of cold rolling passes is 10. Other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0107] Example 16

[0108] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the pressing pressure in step 3) is 30 MPa, and the other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0109] Example 17

[0110] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the pressing pressure in step 3) is 50 MPa, and the other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0111] Example 18

[0112] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the pressing pressure in step 3) is 20 MPa, and the other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0113] Example 19

[0114] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the pressing pressure in step 3) is 60 MPa, and the other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0115] Example 20

[0116] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the cooling rate in step 1) is 8*10 5 K / s, the atomization pressure was 45 MPa, and the other conditions were the same as those in Example 1.

[0117] Example 21

[0118] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the cooling rate in step 1) is 9*10 3 K / s, the atomization pressure was 25 MPa, and the other conditions were the same as those in Example 1.

[0119] Example 22

[0120] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the cooling rate in step 1) is 1*10 2 K / s, the atomization pressure was 20 MPa, and the other conditions were the same as those in Example 1.

[0121] Example 23

[0122] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the cooling rate in step 1) is 10*10 5K / s, the atomization pressure was 60 MPa, and the other conditions were the same as those in Example 1.

[0123] Example 24

[0124] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step 3), the hot pressing temperature is 430° C., the hot extrusion temperature is 450° C., and the hot rolling temperature is 460° C., and the other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0125] Example 25

[0126] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step 3), the hot pressing temperature is 500° C., the hot extrusion temperature is 510° C., and the hot rolling temperature is 500° C., and the other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0127] Example 26

[0128] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step 3), the hot pressing temperature is 300° C., the hot extrusion temperature is 350° C., and the hot rolling temperature is 360° C., and the other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0129] Example 27

[0130] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step 3), the hot pressing temperature is 660° C., the hot extrusion temperature is 700° C., and the hot rolling temperature is 700° C., and the other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0131] Example 28

[0132] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the D of graphene in step 2) 50 The other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0133] Example 29

[0134] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the D of graphene in step 2) 50 The other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0135] Example 30

[0136] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the D of graphene in step 2) 50 The other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0137] Example 31

[0138] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the D of graphene in step 2) 50 The other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0139] Example 32

[0140] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step 2), the D 50 The other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0141] Example 33

[0142] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step 2), the D 50 The other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0143] Example 34

[0144] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step 2), the D 50 The other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0145] Example 35

[0146] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step 2), the D 50 The other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0147] Example 36

[0148] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step 2), the ball-to-material ratio is 11:1, the rotation speed is 160 r / min, and the ball milling time is 15 h. The other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0149] Example 37

[0150] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step 2), the ball-to-material ratio is 6:1, the rotation speed is 130 r / min, and the ball milling time is 8 h. The other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0151] Example 38

[0152] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step 2), the ball-to-material ratio is 5:1, the rotation speed is 110 r / min, and the ball milling time is 5 h. The other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0153] Example 39

[0154] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step 2), the ball-to-material ratio is 12:1, the rotation speed is 180 r / min, and the ball milling time is 19 h. The other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0155] Comparative Example 1

[0156] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the nanocomposite material in step 2) is Ti3SbCN, and the other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0157] Comparative Example 2

[0158] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that no nanocomposite material is added in step 2), and the other conditions are the same as those in embodiment 1.

[0159] Test Case

[0160] 1. D 50 test

[0161] Will need to test D 50 The materials were dispersed, and the dispersed samples were injected into the laser particle size analyzer HORIBALA-960V2 for measurement. The test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0162] The following performance tests were performed on the aluminum-based composite materials of the above examples and comparative examples:

[0163] 2. Use the microcomputer-controlled electronic universal testing machine CMT5105 to perform material tensile testing in accordance with the national standard GBT228.1-2010 to obtain the material's yield strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus and elongation. The specific operations are as follows:

[0164] The tensile specimen was processed according to the drawing and polished with sandpaper. The surface and cross section of the parallel section and the arc part were polished from coarse to fine. The dimensions at three locations were measured and the average was obtained. The upper clamping end and the aluminum sheet bonded to the sample were tightened in parallel. The force was unloaded to about 30N. The lower clamping end was installed and tightened. The extensometer was tied and reset to zero. The test was started at the force reset point. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0165] 3. Use thermal conductivity meter LFA467 according to standard ASTME1269-11 (Reapproved 2018) to test the thermal conductivity of the material and obtain the thermal conductivity of the material. The specific operation is as follows:

[0166] The thermal conductivity specimens were processed according to the drawings. The surfaces and cross-sections of the parallel sections and the arc sections were polished from coarse to fine. The dimensions at three locations were measured and the average was calculated. Graphite was sprayed on the surface of the specimen to ensure that no light leaked from the surface. The specimens were placed in the specimen holder and tested. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0167] Table 1

[0168]

[0169]

[0170]

[0171]

[0172]

[0173] Table 2

[0174]

[0175]

[0176]

[0177]

[0178]

[0179] Table 3

[0180]

[0181]

[0182] As shown in Table 1 and Table 3, when Examples 1 to 2 are compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 2, it can be seen that when graphene is coated with nanocomposite materials or graphene is not coated with the nanocomposite materials provided by the present invention, the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the obtained aluminum-based composite materials are relatively poor. Adding graphene coated with nanocomposite materials can significantly improve the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite materials. From the comparison of Examples 3 to 5 with Example 1, it can be concluded that when the mass of graphene coated with nanocomposite materials is in the range of 0.3% to 7%, the comprehensive mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of the aluminum-based composite materials are significantly improved. From the comparison of Examples 9 to 11 with Example 1, it can be seen that the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite materials can be effectively improved by controlling the mass percentage of each element in the aluminum alloy matrix. Comparing Examples 20 to 23, Examples 28 to 36 and Example 1, the parameters of each raw material during preparation, including the particle D of the aluminum alloy matrix, 50 , the oxygen content of the aluminum alloy matrix, the D 50 、D of nanocomposites 50 and D of graphene coated with nanocomposite 50 By controlling the parameters of the raw materials, the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of aluminum-based composite materials can be effectively improved.

[0183] As shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3, by comparing Example 1 with Examples 6 to 8, it can be concluded that when preparing graphene coated with nanocomposite materials, the mass of the added nanocomposite materials will affect the thickness of the nanocomposite materials coated on the graphene surface. When the mass of the added nanocomposite materials is in the range of 42% to 74%, the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite materials are improved compared to when the addition amount is not within the range.

[0184] As shown in Table 2 and Table 3, in Examples 12 to 15 and Example 1, the grain size of the aluminum alloy matrix is ​​adjusted by controlling the process parameters, and the graphene D coated with the nanocomposite material is 50 As well as the thickness of the aluminum matrix composite material, when the grain size of the aluminum alloy matrix is ​​≤5μm, the graphene D coated with the nanocomposite 50 When the pressing pressure is 0.03-8 μm and the thickness of the aluminum-based composite material is 0.05-0.5 mm, the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the aluminum-based composite material are more excellent. Comparing Examples 16-19 with Example 1, it can be seen that when the pressing pressure is changed, the flatness of the final product is affected. When the flatness is within the range of 0.2-0.5 mm, the corresponding aluminum-based composite material has better thermal conductivity and mechanical properties. Comparing Examples 24-27 with Example 1, it can be concluded that by controlling the temperature of each heat treatment, an aluminum-based composite material with better thermal conductivity and mechanical properties can be obtained.

[0185] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aluminum-based composite material, characterized in that: The material includes an aluminum alloy matrix and graphene coated with a nano-composite material, wherein the nano-composite material includes at least one of Ti3SiC2, Ti2SnC, HF2SnN, Ti2InN, and Zr2InC.

2. The aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass of the aluminum alloy matrix accounts for 93-99.7% of the total mass of the aluminum-based composite material, the mass of the graphene coated by the nanocomposite material accounts for 0.3-7% of the total mass of the aluminum-based composite material, and the mass of the nanocomposite material accounts for 42-74% of the total mass of the graphene coated by the nanocomposite material.

3. The aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy matrix includes multiple elements: Al, Mg, Si, Cu, Mn, Fe, Zn, Ti, and Cr, wherein the mass percentage of Mg is 0-6%, the mass percentage of Si is 0.08-0.6%, the mass percentage of Cu is 0.03-0.3%, the mass percentage of Mn is 0.03-1.2%, the mass percentage of Fe is 0.1-0.6%, the mass percentage of Zn is 0.01-0.9%, the mass percentage of Ti is 0-0.3%, the mass percentage of Cr is 0-0.35%, and the mass percentage of Al is 89.75-99.73%.

4. The aluminum-based composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The grain size D of the aluminum alloy matrix is ​​0<D≤5μm.

5. The aluminum-based composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The graphene D coated with the nanocomposite material 50 0.03~8μm.

6. The aluminum-based composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The thickness of the nanocomposite material coated on the graphene surface is 40 to 180 nm.

7. The aluminum-based composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The aluminum-based composite material is in the form of a thin sheet; and / or, the thickness of the flaky aluminum-based composite material is 0.05 to 0.5 mm; And / or, the flatness of the thin sheet of aluminum-based composite material is 0.2-0.5 mm.

8. A method for preparing the aluminum-based composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: The aluminum alloy matrix powder and the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material are ball-milled to obtain a mixed material; The mixed material is subjected to rolling and leveling heat treatment in sequence to obtain the aluminum-based composite material.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The aluminum alloy matrix powder particles D 50 10~80μm; And / or, the oxygen content of the aluminum alloy matrix powder is 500-1000 ppm.

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that Before the mixed material is subjected to rolling and leveling heat treatments in sequence, the method further comprises: performing hot pressing and hot extrusion treatments on the mixed material in sequence; The hot pressing temperature is 430-500°C; And / or, the temperature of the hot extrusion is 450-510°C.

11. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: The rolling includes hot rolling and cold rolling; The hot rolling temperature is 460-500°C.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that The deformation of each hot rolling pass is 20-25%; And / or, the deformation amount of each cold rolling pass is 10-15%.

13. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that: The leveling heat treatment comprises: The material is kept at 320-430°C for 20-50 minutes and then pressed and cooled. The pressing pressure is 30-50 MPa and the holding time is 40-70 seconds.

14. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that: Before ball-milling the aluminum alloy matrix powder and the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material to obtain the mixed material, the process further comprises: The graphene and the nanocomposite material are ball-milled to obtain the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The graphene D 50 0.3~15μm; And / or, the D of the nanocomposite material 50 400~1200nm; And / or, the D of the graphene coated with the nanocomposite material 50 0.1~13μm.

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