Laser cladding machine tool for super-long rod piece

Abstract

The laser cladding machine tool comprises a machine tool body (1), a headstock (2) is arranged at one end of the machine tool body (1), and a three-jaw chuck (3) is arranged in the headstock (2); a center frame (4) used for supporting a workpiece and a tailstock (5) used for abutting against the end of the workpiece are sequentially arranged on a rail of the lathe bed (1). A servo moving frame (6) is arranged on the rear side of the lathe bed (1) through a transmission displacement structure, a lifting mechanism (7) is arranged on the servo moving frame (6), a lengthening mechanism (8) is arranged at the moving end of the lifting mechanism (7), and a laser cladding head (9) connected with a laser cladding system is arranged at one end of the lengthening mechanism (8). And a powder feeder (10) is arranged on the side part of the servo moving frame (6). According to the invention, the laser cladding processing of the inner and outer surfaces of the super-long rod piece can be realized, the processing range is expanded, the necessary length of a machine tool body can be shortened, and the occupied area of equipment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding processing equipment, in particular to a laser cladding machine tool for ultra-long rods. Background Art

[0002] Laser cladding technology utilizes a high-energy laser beam to irradiate the substrate surface, forming a molten pool. Powdered cladding material is then introduced into the molten pool, where it fuses with the substrate surface, ultimately forming a cladding layer on the base layer. This enhances and repairs the workpiece's surface properties. As industrial manufacturing demands continue to escalate, the demand for laser cladding of ultra-long rods is becoming increasingly prominent.

[0003] Existing laser cladding machines, such as the one disclosed in Chinese invention patent publication number CN111451767A, are a composite machine tool for laser cladding and boring and rolling inner hole walls. The machine tool comprises a bed and guide rails mounted on the bed. A lifting device is provided in the middle of the bed. A driving rotary fixture and a driven rotary fixture are mounted on the guide rails and positioned on either side of the lifting device. A laser cladding head and a boring and rolling head are also mounted on the guide rails, positioned on either side of the driving rotary fixture and the driven rotary fixture, respectively. This structural design has certain limitations: First, because the laser cladding head itself is of a certain length, when installing an extra-long workpiece, the cladding head must be retracted to the rear end of the machine tool, which necessitates a longer bed and increases the equipment's footprint. Second, the machine tool is only suitable for machining the inner wall of a workpiece and is unable to laser clad the outer cylindrical surface of workpieces such as extra-long rods, thus failing to meet diverse machining needs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a laser cladding machine tool for ultra-long rods. The present invention can perform laser cladding processing on the inside and outside of ultra-long rods, expanding the processing range. The present invention can also shorten the necessary length of the machine tool bed and reduce the equipment footprint.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a laser cladding machine tool for extra-long rods, comprising a bed, one end of which is provided with a headstock, and a three-jaw chuck is provided in the headstock; a center frame for supporting a workpiece and a tailstock for contacting the end of the workpiece are sequentially provided on the track of the bed; a servo movable frame is provided on the rear side of the bed via a screw transmission mechanism, the servo movable frame is provided with a lifting mechanism, the movable end of the lifting mechanism is provided with an extension mechanism, and one end of the extension mechanism is provided with a laser cladding head connected to the laser cladding system; a powder feeder is provided on the side of the servo movable frame.

[0006] In the above-mentioned laser cladding machine for extra-long rods, the center frame includes a frame body slidably arranged on the bed track, the frame body is provided with a lifting mechanism and an axle seat, a guide shaft is provided in the axle seat, the movable end of the lifting mechanism and the upper end of the guide shaft are jointly provided with a support seat, and multiple arc-shaped openings are provided on both sides of the support seat, and a tube support cylinder for supporting the workpiece is provided in the arc-shaped opening.

[0007] In the aforementioned laser cladding machine for extra-long rods, the lifting mechanism includes a shell arranged on the frame, a worm gear is arranged inside the shell, and a flange seat is provided at the driven end of the worm gear, and the flange seat is connected to the support seat.

[0008] In the aforementioned laser cladding machine tool for ultra-long rods, the tube support tube includes a main shaft, both ends of the main shaft are clamped in the arc-shaped opening, bearings are provided at both ends of the main shaft, and a cylinder is provided on the bearings.

[0009] In the aforementioned laser cladding machine for extra-long rods, the powder feeder includes a sheet metal box arranged on the side of the servo movable frame, a driving motor is provided in the sheet metal box, a fixed seat is provided at the upper end of the sheet metal box, a powder pan connected to the output end of the driving motor is provided in the fixed seat, a powder chute is provided on the powder pan, a pair of scrapers for scraping the powder evenly are fitted on the powder chute, the scrapers are provided with positioning grooves, and the bottom of the positioning grooves has a material hole; a pressure plate is provided on the fixed seat, and a discharge nozzle, a powder barrel and an air supply nozzle for powder transportation are provided on the pressure plate, the discharge ends of the powder barrel and the discharge nozzle are both embedded in the positioning groove, and the discharge end of the powder barrel is aligned with the material hole. After the carrier gas is introduced into the air supply nozzle, the powder is mixed with the carrier gas through the material hole to form a gas-solid flow and is discharged from the discharge nozzle.

[0010] In the aforementioned laser cladding machine for extra-long rods, the scraper includes a block, the positioning groove is provided on the upper surface of the block, the lower surface of the block has a protrusion, and the protrusion has a material pressing groove connected to the material hole.

[0011] In the aforementioned laser cladding machine for extra-long rods, the powder barrel includes a base arranged on a pressure plate, a barrel body is provided on the base, and a cover is provided on the upper end of the barrel body; the end of the base is embedded in a positioning groove in a scraper on one side.

[0012] In the aforementioned laser cladding machine for extra-long rods, the base has a pressure-stabilizing channel connected to the air pressure system of the machine, and the inner end of the pressure-stabilizing channel is embedded with a metal tube extending to the upper part of the barrel body.

[0013] In the aforementioned laser cladding machine for extra-long rods, the extension mechanism includes a transverse rod connected to the movable end of the lifting mechanism, and the side of the transverse rod is provided with a first rod, a second rod and a third rod connected in sequence along the axial direction of the workpiece, and the laser cladding head is connected to the third rod.

[0014] In the aforementioned laser cladding machine tool for ultra-long rods, the laser cladding head is an inner wall reflection side-axis needle cladding head.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. The present invention first installs the extra-long rod to be processed on the machine tool through a three-jaw chuck, moves the center frame to a suitable position, and stably supports the workpiece. Then, the tailstock is moved so that the tailstock's top touches the end of the workpiece, the workpiece is stably mounted, the workpiece rotates, and the laser cladding head moves to the workpiece surface to start processing. The cladding material is evenly fed into the laser action area through the powder feeder. The laser beam irradiates the substrate surface and the cladding material, causing both to melt rapidly and form a molten pool. Through the lifting mechanism and the extension mechanism, when processing the inner surface of the extra-long rod, the position of the laser cladding head can be accurately adjusted so that it can smoothly extend into the interior of the workpiece, realizing all-round laser cladding processing of the inside and outside of the extra-long rod, greatly meeting the diverse industrial processing needs. Because the servo moving frame is arranged at the rear side of the machine bed, and the laser cladding head can be quickly moved to the upper limit position by the lifting mechanism, when installing the extra-long workpiece, there is no need to retract the cladding head to the end of the machine tool track as in traditional machine tools, thereby shortening the necessary length of the machine tool bed and reducing the equipment footprint.

[0017] 2. According to the diameter of the pipe to be processed, adjust the longitudinal adjustment mechanism and adjust the height of the support seat to the appropriate position. Place the pipe support tube in the arc-shaped opening at different positions to adapt to the surface curvature of pipes with different diameters, greatly improving the equipment's adaptability to diverse workpieces. The pipe support tube will contact and support the pipe, reducing shaking or deviation of the workpiece and ensuring the uniformity and quality of the laser cladding layer.

[0018] 3. The scraper-type powder feeding structure realizes the precise delivery and uniform distribution of cladding materials, improving the quality and consistency of the laser cladding layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the position of the center frame;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the center frame;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the housing;

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the tube support cylinder;

[0024] Figure 6It is a structural diagram of the extension mechanism;

[0025] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a powder feeder;

[0026] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the drive motor;

[0027] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the discharge nozzle;

[0028] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the powder tray;

[0029] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a scraper;

[0030] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of a metal tube.

[0031] Explanation of the symbols in the accompanying drawings: 1-bed, 2-headstock, 3-three-jaw chuck, 4-center frame, 5-tailstock, 6-servo movable frame, 7-lifting mechanism, 8-lengthening mechanism, 9-laser cladding head, 10-powder feeder, 11-frame, 12-longitudinal adjustment mechanism, 13-shaft seat, 14-guide shaft, 15-support seat, 16-arc-shaped mouth, 17-tube support cylinder, 18-housing, 19-worm gear, 20-flange seat, 21-spindle, 22-bearing, 23-cylinder, 24-sheet metal box, 25-driving motor, 26-fixed seat, 27-powder tray, 28-powder slide, 29-scraper, 30-positioning groove, 31-material hole, 32-pressing plate, 33-discharging nozzle, 34-powder barrel, 35-air supply nozzle, 36-block, 37-protrusion, 38-pressing groove, 39-base, 40-barrel body, 41-cover, 42-transverse rod, 43-first rod, 44-second rod, 45-third rod, 46-protective window, 47-mounting seat, 48-pressure stabilizing channel, 49-metal tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment: A laser cladding machine tool for ultra-long rods, comprising a bed 1, as shown in the attached Figure 1As shown, one end of the bed 1 has a headstock 2, and a three-jaw chuck 3 is installed in the headstock 2; a center frame 4 for supporting the workpiece and a tailstock 5 for contacting the end of the workpiece are installed in sequence on the track of the bed 1; the rear side of the bed 1 is provided with a servo moving frame 6 through a transmission displacement structure, and the servo moving frame mainly realizes its movement along the bed by screw transmission, and a lifting mechanism 7 is installed on the servo moving frame 6, and the lifting mechanism mainly realizes lifting and lowering by a screw, and an extension mechanism 8 is installed on the moving end of the lifting mechanism 7, and a laser cladding head 9 connected to the laser cladding system is installed at one end of the extension mechanism 8. This is an inner wall reflection side-axis needle cladding head. Its special inner wall reflection design allows for efficient reflection and convergence of the laser beam, reducing energy loss during laser transmission. Precise laser energy distribution and stable powder delivery result in a low dilution rate, uniform structure, and high bonding strength in the cladding layer, effectively avoiding defects such as pores and cracks. This type of laser cladding head is suitable for machining special workpieces such as ultra-long rods, enabling flexible, in-depth cladding and precise cladding, whether deep within the inner bore or in complex locations on the outer cylindrical surface, to meet diverse machining needs. A powder feeder 10 is mounted on the side of the servo movable frame 6. A removable protective window 46 is provided on the bed. During the laser cladding process, the high-energy laser beam emitted by the laser cladding head poses a serious risk of damage to the human eye and skin. The protective window is made of a special optical material that effectively absorbs or reflects the laser beam, blocks laser leakage, and prevents the operator from looking directly into the laser beam, thus avoiding vision loss and skin burns and providing a safe working environment for the operator.

[0034] The center frame 4 includes a frame body 11 which is slidably arranged on the track of the bed 1. Figure 2 and 3 As shown, a longitudinal adjustment mechanism 12 and an axle seat 13 are provided on the frame 11, a guide shaft 14 is installed in the axle seat 13, a support seat 15 is installed on the movable end of the longitudinal adjustment mechanism 12 and the upper end of the guide shaft 14, a plurality of arc-shaped openings 16 are provided on both sides of the support seat 15, and a tube support cylinder 17 for supporting the workpiece is provided in the arc-shaped opening 16. The longitudinal adjustment mechanism 12 includes a shell 18 provided on the frame 11, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 4 As shown, a worm gear 19 is installed in the housing 18, and a flange seat 20 is installed at the driven end of the worm gear 19, and the flange seat 20 is connected to the support seat 15; in the worm gear, the worm is the active part, and the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate. A threaded rod connected by a thread is provided at the center of the worm wheel. When the worm wheel rotates, the threaded rod extends upward, and the upper end of the threaded rod is connected to the flange seat, and the threaded rod drives the support seat to move upward. The worm gear has self-locking properties, and the support seat can be positioned at a certain height. The tube support cylinder 17 includes a main shaft 21, as shown in the attached Figure 5As shown, both ends of the main shaft 21 are clamped in the arc-shaped opening 16, and bearings 22 are provided at both ends of the main shaft 21. A cylinder 23 is provided on the bearing 22. The tube support tube cooperates with the combination of the bearing and the cylinder to ensure the support stability and reduce the rotation friction of the pipe fittings, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and reducing maintenance costs. Placing the tube support tubes in the arc-shaped openings at different positions can adapt to the surface curvature of pipe fittings with different diameters, greatly improving the adaptability of the equipment to a variety of workpieces. The tube support tube has a certain weight. In order to facilitate the removal of the entire component, a ring body is provided at the end of the main shaft, which can be easily taken through the ring body. The protective cover symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the frame can effectively isolate impurities such as iron filings and oil stains generated during the operation of the lathe track, prevent them from entering the key components inside the center frame, reduce mechanical wear, ensure the long-term stable operation of the equipment, and improve the reliability of the equipment and the cleanliness of the working environment.

[0035] The powder feeder 10 includes a sheet metal box 24 arranged on the side of the servo mobile frame 6, as shown in the attached Figure 7 As shown, the powder feeder moves synchronously with the servo mobile frame, shortening the powder feeding distance and ensuring the stability of the powder feeding. A mounting seat 47 is provided at the bottom of the sheet metal box, which is connected to the servo mobile frame through the mounting seat 47. A drive motor 25 is installed in the sheet metal box 24. Figure 8 As shown, a fixing seat 26 is installed on the upper end of the sheet metal box 24, and a powder tray 27 connected to the output end of the drive motor 25 is installed in the fixing seat 26. Figure 10 As shown, the powder pan 27 has a powder chute 28, and the powder chute 28 is fitted with a pair of scrapers 29 for scraping the powder evenly. There are two scrapers, one for feeding the scraper that matches the discharge end of the powder barrel, and the other for discharging the scraper that matches the discharge nozzle. Both the discharge end of the powder barrel and the discharge nozzle are connected to the pressure plate by screws. The scraper 29 has a positioning groove 30, and the bottom of the positioning groove 30 has a material hole 31. The scraper 29 includes a block 36, and the positioning groove 30 is provided on the upper surface of the block 36. The lower surface of the block 36 is provided with a material hole 31. The surface has a protrusion 37, and the protrusion 37 has a pressing groove 38 connected to the material hole 31. The pressing groove is combined with the powder channel. The powder falls from the material hole 31 into the powder chute 28, and enters the pressing groove 38 after being scraped evenly by the scraper 29. As the powder disc rotates, the powder is evenly pressed in the powder chute; a pressing plate 32 is installed on the fixed seat 26, and the pressing plate is installed on the fixed seat by screws. A discharge nozzle 33 and a powder barrel 34 are provided on the pressing plate 32. The discharge ends of the powder barrel 34 and the discharge nozzle 33 are embedded in the positioning groove 30. Figure 9 As shown, the discharge ends of the powder barrel 34 and discharge nozzle 33 correspond to the material hole 31. An air delivery nozzle 35 for powder conveying is also installed on the pressure plate 32. After the air delivery nozzle is introduced with a carrier gas (such as argon), the air flows through the pressure groove on the lower surface of the scraper and connects to the material hole. As the powder falls, it forms a gas-solid mixed flow and flows out of the discharge nozzle. In order to observe the condition of the powder in the powder chute, a transparent window is provided on the pressure plate.

[0036] The powder cartridge 34 includes a base 39 mounted on the pressure plate 32. A cartridge body 40 is mounted on the base 39, and a lid 41 is located at the upper end of the cartridge body 40. The distal end of the base 39 is embedded in a positioning groove 30 within a side scraper 29. Unscrewing the lid allows powder to be added to the cartridge body, which is fed by gravity. The base 39 contains a pressure-stabilizing channel 48 connected to the machine tool's air pressure system. A metal tube 49 is embedded within the inner end of the pressure-stabilizing channel 48, extending to the upper portion of the cartridge body 40. This metal tube ensures real-time pressure balance within the cartridge body, allowing powder to fall smoothly under a stable pressure environment, avoiding problems such as poor powder flow or blockages caused by pressure fluctuations.

[0037] The extension mechanism 8 includes a transverse rod 42 connected to the moving end of the lifting mechanism 7, as shown in the attached Figure 6 As shown, the side of the transverse rod 42 is provided with a first rod 43, a second rod 44, and a third rod 45 connected in sequence along the axial direction of the workpiece. The laser cladding head 9 is connected to the third rod 45, and the three are connected by bolts. The first end of the second rod is embedded in the first rod and connected to the first rod by bolts. The second end of the second rod is connected to the third rod, so that the entire rod system forms a stable overall structure. During the processing, this stable structure can effectively resist external interference and the forces generated during processing, ensuring the position accuracy of the laser head, thereby ensuring the quality and effect of the laser cladding process, and avoiding processing errors caused by structural shaking. The side of the second rod has an adjustment hole, which is mainly used to adjust the position accuracy of the rod system and optimize the structural adaptability. Multi-dimensional adjustment is achieved through the coordination of the hole position and the bolt.

[0038] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: During the workpiece installation process, the three-jaw chuck 3 in the headstock box 2 clamps and fixes one end of the extra-long rod, and then the center frame 4 is moved to a suitable position. The frame body 11 of the center frame 4 slides along the track of the bed 1, and the longitudinal adjustment mechanism 12 on the frame body 11 is used to drive the support seat 15 to rise and fall by utilizing the worm gear 19. The tube support tube 17 is placed in the arc-shaped opening 16 at different positions on both sides of the support seat 15. The two ends of the main shaft 21 of the tube support tube 17 are stuck in the arc-shaped opening 16, and cooperate with the bearing 22 and the cylinder 23 to adapt to the surface curvature of pipes of different diameters, provide stable support for the extra-long rod, and reduce the shaking or offset of the workpiece during processing. Finally, the tailstock 5 is moved so that the top of the tailstock 5 touches the other end of the workpiece, and the workpiece is stably mounted on the machine tool; the servo movable frame 6 is moved along the bed through the transmission displacement structure on the rear side of the bed 1, and the powder feeder 10 is installed on the side of the servo movable frame 6 and moves synchronously with it, shortening the powder feeding distance and ensuring the stability of powder feeding. The lifting mechanism 7 is lifted and lowered by a screw, driving the extension mechanism 8 to move; during the processing, the workpiece rotates under the drive of the three-jaw chuck 3, and the servo movable frame 6 drives the powder feeder 10 and the laser cladding head 9 to move to the appropriate position on the workpiece surface. In the powder feeder 10, the drive motor 25 drives the powder disc 27 to rotate, and the cladding material in the powder barrel 34 falls into the powder slide 28 of the powder disc 27 by gravity. The scraper 29 scrapes the powder evenly, and the powder enters the pressing trough 38 through the material hole 31 of the positioning groove 30. The air nozzle 35 introduces carrier gas, which forms a gas-solid mixed flow with the powder in the pressing trough 38, and flows out from the discharge nozzle 33 to the laser action area. The high-energy laser beam emitted by the laser cladding head 9 is irradiated on the surface of the substrate and the cladding material, causing both to melt rapidly and form a molten pool, which is then cooled and solidified to form an additive cladding layer on the surface of the workpiece; when it is necessary to process the inner surface of an extra-long rod, the lifting mechanism 7 and the extension mechanism 8 work together to accurately adjust the position of the laser cladding head 9 so that it can smoothly extend into the interior of the workpiece for processing; when processing the outer cylindrical surface, the laser cladding head 9 is also moved to a suitable position through the cooperation of the servo movable frame 6, the lifting mechanism 7 and the extension mechanism 8. Since the servo movable frame 6 is arranged at the rear side of the bed 1, and the laser cladding head 9 can be quickly moved to the upper limit position through the lifting mechanism 7, when installing an extra-long workpiece, there is no need to retract the cladding head to the end of the machine tool track as in traditional machine tools, thereby effectively shortening the necessary length of the machine tool bed and reducing the equipment footprint.

Claims

1. A laser cladding machine tool for ultra-long rods, comprising a bed (1), one end of the bed (1) having a headstock (2), and a three-jaw chuck (3) disposed in the headstock (2); characterized in that: A center frame (4) for supporting a workpiece and a tailstock (5) for contacting the end of the workpiece are sequentially arranged on the track of the bed (1); a servo movable frame (6) is arranged on the rear side of the bed (1) via a screw transmission mechanism, a lifting mechanism (7) is arranged on the servo movable frame (6), a moving end of the lifting mechanism (7) is provided with an extension mechanism (8), and one end of the extension mechanism (8) is provided with a laser cladding head (9) connected to the laser cladding system; a powder feeder (10) is arranged on the side of the servo movable frame (6).

2. The laser cladding machine tool for ultra-long rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center frame (4) includes a frame body (11) slidably arranged on the track of the bed (1), the frame body (11) is provided with a longitudinal adjustment mechanism (12) and an axle seat (13), a guide shaft (14) is provided in the axle seat (13), a support seat (15) is provided at the movable end of the longitudinal adjustment mechanism (12) and the upper end of the guide shaft (14), a plurality of arc-shaped openings (16) are provided on both sides of the support seat (15), and a tube support cylinder (17) for supporting a workpiece is provided in the arc-shaped opening (16).

3. The laser cladding machine tool for ultra-long rods according to claim 2, characterized in that: The longitudinal adjustment mechanism (12) comprises a housing (18) arranged on a frame (11), a worm gear (19) being arranged in the housing (18), a flange seat (20) being arranged at the driven end of the worm gear (19), and the flange seat (20) being connected to the support seat (15).

4. The laser cladding machine tool for ultra-long rods according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tube support tube (17) comprises a main shaft (21), both ends of which are clamped in the arc-shaped opening (16), bearings (22) are provided at both ends of the main shaft (21), and a cylinder (23) is provided on the bearing (22).

5. The laser cladding machine tool for ultra-long rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder feeder (10) includes a sheet metal box (24) arranged on the side of the servo movable frame (6), a driving motor (25) is provided in the sheet metal box (24), a fixing seat (26) is provided at the upper end of the sheet metal box (24), a powder pan (27) connected to the output end of the driving motor (25) is provided in the fixing seat (26), a powder chute (28) is provided on the powder pan (27), a pair of scrapers (29) for scraping the powder are fitted on the powder chute (28), and a positioning groove (30) is provided on the scraper (29). The bottom of the groove (30) has a material hole (31); the fixed seat (26) is provided with a pressing plate (32), and the pressing plate (32) is provided with a discharge nozzle (33), a powder barrel (34) and an air supply nozzle (35) for conveying powder. The discharge ends of the powder barrel (34) and the discharge nozzle (33) are both embedded in the positioning groove (30), and the discharge end of the powder barrel (34) is aligned with the material hole (31). After the carrier gas is introduced into the air supply nozzle (35), the powder is mixed with the carrier gas through the material hole (31) to form a gas-solid flow and is discharged from the discharge nozzle (33).

6. The laser cladding machine tool for ultra-long rods according to claim 5, characterized in that: The scraper (29) includes a block (36), the positioning groove (30) is arranged on the upper surface of the block (36), the lower surface of the block (36) has a protrusion (37), and the protrusion (37) has a material pressing groove (38) connected to the material hole (31).

7. The laser cladding machine tool for ultra-long rods according to claim 5, characterized in that: The powder cartridge (34) comprises a base (39) arranged on a pressure plate (32), a cartridge body (40) being provided on the base (39), and a cover (41) being provided at the upper end of the cartridge body (40); the end of the base (39) is embedded in a positioning groove (30) in a scraper (29) on one side.

8. The laser cladding machine tool for ultra-long rods according to claim 7, characterized in that: The base (39) has a pressure stabilizing channel (48) connected to the air pressure system of the machine tool. The inner end of the pressure stabilizing channel (48) is embedded with a metal tube (49) extending to the upper part of the barrel body (40).

9. The laser cladding machine tool for ultra-long rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extension mechanism (8) includes a transverse rod (42) connected to the movable end of the lifting mechanism (7); a first rod (43), a second rod (44) and a third rod (45) are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the workpiece on the side of the transverse rod (42); and the laser cladding head (9) is connected to the third rod (45).

10. The laser cladding machine tool for ultra-long rods according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser cladding head (9) is an inner wall reflection side-axis needle cladding head.

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