Composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device which comprises a center plate, an inner energy dissipation assembly, a spring assembly and an outer energy dissipation assembly. The inner energy dissipation assembly comprises a damping chamber, an energy dissipation chamber, a damping plate, an energy dissipation block and a piston rod. Inner cylinders are fixed to the left side and the right side of the center plate respectively, damping chambers and energy dissipation chambers are arranged in the inner cylinders, piston rods are arranged in the energy dissipation chambers and the damping chambers in a sleeved mode, energy dissipation blocks and damping plates are fixed to the piston rods, and the damping plates are arranged in the damping chambers in a sleeved mode. The energy dissipation block is sleeved in the energy dissipation chamber; the spring assembly comprises a sleeve body, a first spring, a second spring, a sleeve, a fixing plate and a lug plate. The outer energy dissipation assembly comprises an energy dissipation body and an outer cylinder, the combined structure of the sleeve and the lug plate can be arranged in the outer cylinder in a sleeved mode, and the energy dissipation body is arranged on the lug plate and the center plate. Through the superposition effect of four energy dissipation mechanisms (viscous damping, rubber deformation, spring energy storage and SMA phase change), the energy absorption efficiency of the device is remarkably improved, and the influence of vibration on a building structure is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building shock absorption, and in particular to a composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device. Background Art

[0002] With increasing requirements for building seismic safety, energy dissipation and vibration reduction technologies are being gradually applied in primary and secondary school buildings in Zhengzhou. These technologies primarily employ traditional approaches such as viscous dampers (VFDs), buckling-restrained braces (BRBs), and variable force walls (VFWs). While these technologies effectively dissipate seismic energy, their practical application still faces significant bottlenecks.

[0003] Current research focuses primarily on small earthquake conditions, while addressing repairability performance targets under moderate earthquakes is weak, often leading to passive increases in component size and cost. The design principles and analysis methods for different energy dissipation technologies vary significantly, with elastic / elastoplastic time-history analysis, in particular, requiring stringent computational power. Energy dissipation substructures (such as BRB end nodes and damper support frames) are complex and require high precision construction. This, coupled with a lack of local engineering experience, significantly increases the complexity of design and construction.

[0004] Existing technologies often rely on a single energy dissipation mechanism. VFDs focus on velocity-related energy dissipation but have limited displacement control. BRBs offer yield energy dissipation and stiffness but are sensitive to joints. VFWs enhance stiffness but sacrifice spatial flexibility. A single mechanism struggles to simultaneously optimize both acceleration and displacement response and lacks adaptive coordination capabilities under multiple earthquake levels, particularly those designed for moderate earthquakes.

[0005] To address these issues, a composite parallel energy dissipation and vibration reduction device is urgently needed. By integrating multiple energy dissipation mechanisms—such as yielding, friction, and viscosity—into a single module, these devices are activated in a coordinated and parallel manner, overcoming the limitations of traditional technologies. This design aims to simplify the energy dissipation substructure, reduce construction complexity, and improve overall performance and economic efficiency under moderate earthquake conditions, providing a safer, more efficient, and sustainable seismic solution for the building's main structure.

[0006] Based on this, it is necessary to study a composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device, which effectively solves the problems of the existing energy dissipation and shock absorption devices such as single structure, low damping efficiency and poor self-recovery ability.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device, comprising a center plate, an internal energy dissipation assembly, a spring assembly and an external energy dissipation assembly; the internal energy dissipation assembly comprises a damping chamber, an energy dissipation chamber, a damping plate, an energy dissipation block and a piston rod; inner cylinders are fixed on the left and right sides of the center plate, a damping chamber and an energy dissipation chamber are provided in the inner cylinder, a damping fluid is arranged in the damping chamber, the piston rod is sleeved in the energy dissipation chamber and the damping chamber, and an energy dissipation block and a damping plate are fixed on the piston rod, wherein the damping plate is sleeved in the damping chamber, and a through hole is provided in the damping plate; the energy dissipation block is sleeved in the energy dissipation chamber, and its two ends are against the energy dissipation chamber; The spring assembly includes a sleeve, a first spring, a second spring, a sleeve, a fixing plate, and an ear plate; the sleeve is fixedly mounted on the piston rod, the sleeve is fixed on the sleeve, its main body extends toward the inner cylinder and is mounted on the inner cylinder, and an ear plate is fixed on its end; the fixing plate is fixed to the end of the inner cylinder via a support rod, and the support rod is slidably mounted on the sleeve; the sleeve is slidably mounted on the fixing plate, and a mounting head is fixed on the end of the piston rod; The external energy dissipation assembly includes an energy dissipation body and an outer cylinder. The middle part of the outer cylinder is fixed on the center plate. The combined structure of the sleeve and the ear plate can be inserted into the outer cylinder and slide in the outer cylinder. The energy dissipation body is arranged on the ear plate and the center plate.

[0009] Furthermore, an end cap is threadedly provided at the end of the outer cylinder, and corresponding holes are provided on the end cap, the ear plate and the center plate, and the energy dissipation body is provided in the hole.

[0010] Furthermore, a damping plate is fixed to one end of the piston rod, the damping plate is sleeved in the damping chamber, the piston rod seal is sleeved in the damping chamber, a block seat is provided on the piston rod, one side of the energy dissipation block rests on the block seat, and the sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the piston rod and rests on the other side of the energy dissipation block.

[0011] Furthermore, the energy dissipation block includes a first positioning plate, a second positioning plate and a block body, the block body is fixedly mounted on the piston rod, and a first positioning plate and a second positioning plate are arranged on both sides of the block body, the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate are fixed on the piston rod, and the second positioning plate and the second positioning plate are mounted in the energy dissipation chamber.

[0012] Furthermore, the sleeve includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve; the first sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the piston rod, and one side of the sleeve abuts or is sleeved on the first sleeve; the second sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the piston rod and abuts or is sleeved on the other side of the sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, the energy dissipation body is an SMA rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner cylinder includes a damping cylinder, an energy dissipation cylinder and a connecting sleeve; a cover is provided at the end of the damping cylinder, the damping plate is sleeved in the damping cylinder, the damping cylinder is sealed by the cover, the piston rod is sealed in the cover, and the energy dissipation cylinder is connected to the damping cylinder via the connecting sleeve.

[0015] Furthermore, the energy dissipation cylinder includes a first cylinder body and a second cylinder body; connecting plates are provided on both sides of the first cylinder body and the second cylinder body, and the connecting plates on both sides are connected to each other and then fixed into one body by welding or bolts.

[0016] Furthermore, one end of the connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the end of the damping cylinder, and the other end is adapted to be assembled with the first cylinder and the second cylinder, and are connected together by a bolt assembly.

[0017] Furthermore, an injection port is provided on the central plate, a valve is provided at the end of the injection port, and the injection port is connected to the damping chambers on both sides through a pipeline.

[0018] Furthermore, the mounting head is threadedly connected to the end of the piston rod to adjust the distance between the two mounting heads. The mounting head is hinged on the adjustment block, and the adjustment block is assembled on the adjustment seat via a screw and a positioning rod. The adjustment seat is fixed on the embedded plate, and the embedded plate is pre-embedded in the wall via embedded force; a driving head is provided at the end of the screw, and the driving head rotates the screw to make the adjustment block translate relative to the adjustment seat.

[0019] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is: in response to the problems of single structure and low damping efficiency of traditional shock absorbing devices, the present invention proposes a composite structure that integrates multiple energy dissipation methods. Its basic concept is to achieve multi-level energy dissipation through the parallel combination of internal energy dissipation components (damping fluid viscous energy dissipation, rubber block deformation energy dissipation), spring components (elastic energy storage and energy dissipation) and external energy dissipation components (SMA rod deformation energy dissipation), thereby significantly improving the shock absorption efficiency of the device.

[0020] To address the poor self-recovery capabilities of conventional devices, this invention incorporates shape memory alloy (SMA) rods as the core component of the external energy dissipation assembly. Leveraging the SMA's ability to automatically return to its original shape after deformation, this material, in conjunction with the spring assembly, achieves a high rate of self-recovery, reducing post-earthquake repair costs.

[0021] Structurally, the present invention utilizes a central plate as a fixed foundation, integrating the inner, spring, and outer energy dissipation components into a compact layout. Furthermore, the modular design of each component, such as the inner and outer cylinders and the clamping and fixing of the sleeve, facilitates installation, maintenance, and upgrades.

[0022] At the same time, the energy dissipation structure of the present invention adopts a bidirectional force design, which can participate in resisting the load when the piston rod is subjected to tension or thrust, thereby improving the adaptability of the device.

[0023] In summary, the present invention significantly improves the energy absorption efficiency of the device and effectively reduces the impact of vibration on the building structure through the superposition of four energy dissipation mechanisms (viscous damping, rubber deformation, spring energy storage, and SMA phase change). The synergistic effect of the SMA rod and spring assembly enables the device to automatically return to its original state after being subjected to force, reducing residual deformation, extending its service life, and reducing maintenance costs. Through efficient energy absorption and high-proportion self-recovery, it significantly improves the seismic performance of the building structure, ensures the safety of personnel and property, and has significant social and economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the implementation structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Middle AA section; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sleeve; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A side structural diagram of Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the piston rod implementation structure; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the main view structure in ; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the implementation structure of the outer cylinder; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the main structure; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the implementation structure of the energy dissipation body; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the implementation structure of the inner tube; Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of the present invention for implementing energy dissipation between walls.

[0025] Reference numerals: 1-center plate, 2-inner cylinder, 21-damping cylinder, 22-energy dissipation cylinder, 23-connecting sleeve, 3-damping chamber, 4-energy dissipation chamber, 5-piston rod, 51-positioning block, 52-docking sleeve, 6-damping plate, 61-through hole, 7-energy dissipation block, 71-first positioning plate, 72-second positioning plate, 73-block, 8-sleeve body, 81-first sleeve body, 82-second sleeve body; 9-sleeve Cylinder, 91-ear plate, 92-hole one, 93-hole two, 94-hole three, 10-first spring, 11-second spring, 12-fixing rod, 13-fixing plate, 14-mounting head, 15-outer cylinder, 16-energy dissipation body, 17-end cover, 18-upper wall, 19-lower wall, 20-adjusting block, 21-adjusting seat, 22-screw, 23-positioning rod, 24-buried plate, 25-buried reinforcement. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Example 1: This embodiment aims to provide a composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device, which is mainly used in construction projects. It addresses the problems of existing shock absorption and energy dissipation devices, such as single structure, low damping efficiency and poor self-recovery ability. This embodiment provides a composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device.

[0027] like Figure 1-4 As shown in the figure, a composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device includes a center plate 1, an internal energy dissipation component, a spring component and an external energy dissipation component. In this embodiment, the center plate 1 is used as a fixed base, and corresponding energy dissipation structures are arranged on both sides of the center plate 1. The energy dissipation structures include an internal energy dissipation component and a spring component. The energy dissipation structures on both sides are connected by an external energy dissipation component to form an integrated structure.

[0028] In the specific implementation, in this embodiment, the internal energy dissipation assembly includes a damping chamber 3, an energy dissipation chamber 4, a damping plate 6, an energy dissipation block and a piston rod; Figure 9-10 As shown in the figure, inner tubes 2 are fixed on the left and right sides of the center plate 1 respectively, and a damping chamber 3 and an energy dissipation chamber 4 are arranged in the inner tube 2. Specifically, the damping chamber 3 is arranged at a position close to the center plate 1, and its main body is fixed on the center plate 1 and extends to both sides. When implemented, the damping chamber 3 can be a circular inner cavity. Damping liquid is arranged in the damping chamber 3. In order to facilitate the installation of damping liquid, an injection port is provided on the center plate 1 in this embodiment, and a valve is provided at the end of the injection port. The injection port is connected with the damping chamber 3 on both sides through a pipeline, and the damping liquid can be injected into it through the injection port.

[0029] The piston rod 5 is sleeved in the energy dissipation chamber 4 and the damping chamber 3, and an energy dissipation block and a damping plate 6 are fixed on the piston rod 5, wherein the damping plate 6 is sleeved in the damping chamber 3, and a through hole 61 is provided on the damping plate 6; the energy dissipation block 7 is sleeved in the energy dissipation chamber 4, and its two ends are against the energy dissipation chamber 4; the damping plate 6 is sleeved in the damping chamber 3, and the energy dissipation block 7 is nested in the energy dissipation chamber 4. When the piston rod 5 moves, the damping plate 6 moves in the damping fluid and dissipates energy through viscosity. According to actual needs, the energy dissipation block 7 can be compressed while moving, or the compression of the energy dissipation block 7 can be delayed, so as to dissipate energy by viscosity, and the load is resisted by utilizing the deformation of the energy dissipation block 7. Rubber blocks can be used to implement the energy dissipation block 7.

[0030] In specific implementation, Figure 7-8 As shown in , the energy dissipation block 7 includes a first positioning plate 71, a second positioning plate 72 and a block 73. The block 73 is fixedly mounted on the piston rod 5. The first positioning plate 71 and the second positioning plate 72 are provided on both sides of the block 73. The first positioning plate 71 and the second positioning plate 72 are fixed to the piston rod 5, and the second positioning plate 72 and the second positioning plate 72 are mounted in the energy dissipation chamber 4. The block 73 is a rubber block structure, which is fixed to the piston rod 5 by the positioning plates on both sides. When the piston rod 5 moves, the space limit of the energy dissipation chamber 4 is utilized. With the help of the force transmission effect of the positioning plates, the rubber block is compressed to resist the load. During the process, the piston rod 5 receives tension or thrust. In order to adapt to the deformation of the rubber block, the block 73 in this embodiment is smaller than the first positioning plate 71 and the second positioning plate 72, so that the first positioning plate 71 and the second positioning plate 72 are adapted to be mounted in the energy dissipation chamber 4, and the block 73 is spaced and mounted in the energy dissipation chamber 4.

[0031] The spring assembly includes a sleeve 8, a first spring 10, a second spring 11, a sleeve 9, a fixing plate 13 and an ear plate 91; the sleeve 8 is fixedly sleeved on the piston rod 5, and the sleeve 9 is fixed on the sleeve 8, and its main body extends toward the inner cylinder 2 and is sleeved on the inner cylinder 2. In the specific implementation structure, the sleeve 8 includes a first sleeve 81 and a second sleeve 82; the first sleeve 81 is fixedly sleeved on the piston rod 5, and the specific fixing method can be welding, threaded connection or side wire against locking structure, one side of the sleeve 9 is against or sleeved on the first sleeve 81, such as can be in the first sleeve A positioning seat is provided on the body 81, and the sleeve 9 is adapted to be clamped in the positioning seat, and its bottom is limited by the first sleeve 81. The second sleeve 82 is fixedly sleeved on the piston rod 5 and abuts against or sleeved on the other side of the sleeve 9. The fixing method of the second sleeve 82 can also be welding, threaded connection or side screw locking structure. The first sleeve 81 and the second sleeve 82 are used to clamp and fix the sleeve 9 from both sides, and the first sleeve 81 and the second sleeve 82 are both connected and fixed to the piston rod 5, so that when the piston rod 5 moves, the first sleeve 81, the second sleeve 82 and the sleeve 9 will all move accordingly.

[0032] In this embodiment, in addition to clamping the sleeve 9, the first sleeve 81 and the second sleeve 82 also serve as the installation body of the spring, and the first spring 10 and the second spring 11 are respectively mounted on the first sleeve 81 and the second sleeve 82; an inner hole is provided at the front end of the energy dissipation chamber 4, and the first sleeve 81 can slide in the inner hole, and the first support is against the outer side of the energy dissipation chamber 4.

[0033] In this embodiment, an ear plate 91 is fixed at the end of the sleeve 9; Figure 5-6 As shown in the figure, the sleeve body is a cylindrical structure with one end of the cylinder open and the other end closed. A hole 1 92 is provided in the center of the closed end, a number of holes 2 93 are provided around the hole 1 92, and a hole 3 94 is provided around the ear plate 91. The hole 1 92 is adapted to be assembled with the sleeve body 8, the surrounding holes 2 93 are used to be adapted to be assembled with the fixing rod, the hole 3 94 is used to correspond to the hole of the center plate, and the energy dissipation body is installed.

[0034] The fixing plate 13 is fixed to the end of the inner tube 2 through a support rod, and the support rod is slidably mounted on the sleeve 9; the sleeve body is slidably mounted on the fixing plate 13, and a mounting head is fixed to the end of the piston rod 5; the fixing plate 13 is used to form a limit block for the second spring 11, and the second sleeve body 82 is adapted to be slidably mounted on the center of the fixing plate 13. After the piston rod 5 is led out from the second sleeve body 82, a mounting head 14 is fixed at its end, and a mounting hole is provided in the middle of the mounting head 14.

[0035] In order to assemble the sliding block and the damping plate 6, in this embodiment, a damping plate 6 is fixed to one end of the piston rod 5, the damping plate 6 is sleeved in the damping chamber 3, the piston rod 5 is sealed in the damping chamber 3, and a block seat is provided on the piston rod 5. One side of the energy dissipation block 7 rests on the block seat. The sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the piston rod 5 and rests on the other side of the energy dissipation block 7, thereby realizing the installation of the slider.

[0036] The external energy dissipation assembly includes an energy dissipation body 16 and an outer cylinder 15. The middle portion of the outer cylinder 15 is fixed to the center plate 1. The combination structure of the sleeve 9 and the ear plate 91 can be fitted into the outer cylinder 15 and slide in the outer cylinder 15. The energy dissipation body 16 is arranged on the ear plate 91 and the center plate 1. In this embodiment, Figure 5-6 As shown in the figure, the sleeve 9 and the ear plate 91 are an integrated structure, the interior of which is adapted to be mounted in the inner cylinder 2, and the external ear plate 91 is adapted to be mounted in the outer cylinder 15. The outer cylinder 15 is a structure in which the middle part of the openings at both ends is connected by a center plate 1, so that the sleeve 9 can slide between the inner cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 15, and an energy dissipation body 16 is provided between the ear plates 91 on both sides. When displacement occurs (under tension or compression), the energy dissipation body 16 can generate resistance to the load. Specifically, the energy dissipation body 16 is an SMA rod, which uses the SMA rod to achieve load resistance, and with the help of its self-recovery ability, cooperates with the first spring 10 and the second spring 11 to realize the self-recovery function of the equipment.

[0037] The basic principles of this embodiment are as follows: When the damping plate 6 moves in the damping fluid, it dissipates energy through the fluid's viscous resistance. When compressed or stretched, the energy dissipation block 7 (rubber block) deforms, further absorbing vibration energy. When the piston rod 5 moves, the first and second springs 10 and 11 are compressed or stretched, converting kinetic energy into elastic potential energy through elastic deformation, achieving energy dissipation. After being deformed by force, the SMA rod automatically returns to its original shape using its shape memory effect, providing the device with self-resetting capabilities and enabling multiple cycles of use in conjunction with the spring assembly. The internal, spring, and external energy dissipation assemblies are integrated via the center plate 1, forming a multi-stage force transmission path that ensures even load distribution and enhances overall stability.

[0038] During operation, in the initial state, the piston rod 5 is in a neutral position, the damping plate 6 is immersed in the damping fluid, the energy dissipation block 7 is in a natural state, the SMA rod is unstressed, and the device is in a standby state. Under tension or compression, building displacement drives the piston rod 5, triggering the multi-stage energy dissipation mechanism. The damping plate 6 moves in the damping fluid, generating viscous resistance. The energy dissipation block 7 is compressed (or stretched) to absorb energy. The first spring 10 and the second spring 11 are compressed / stretched, providing elastic restoring force to assist in energy dissipation. The sleeve 9 and the ear plate 91 slide within the outer cylinder 15, and the SMA rod deforms to consume energy and trigger self-recovery. During the reset phase, after the external force disappears, the SMA rod and spring assembly jointly drive the piston rod 5 to reset, and the device returns to standby, ready for the next vibration. This embodiment provides a composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device that achieves efficient energy absorption through a four-fold energy dissipation mechanism and achieves a high self-reset ratio through the synergistic action of the SMA rod and spring. It has a compact structure with strong adaptability, supports online maintenance, is economical and environmentally friendly, and significantly improves the seismic performance and sustainability of buildings.

[0039] Embodiment 2: This embodiment further illustrates the structure of the outer cylinder 15.

[0040] In this embodiment, Figure 11 As shown in FIG, the end of the outer tube 15 is threadedly provided with an end cap 17. Corresponding holes are provided in the end cap 17, the lug plate 91, and the center plate 1, and the energy dissipator 16 is disposed in the hole. The end of the outer tube 15 is provided with an internal thread. The sleeve 9 is sleeved onto the inner tube 2 and abutted against the inner tube 2 using the lug plate 91. The end cap is threadedly connected to the end of the outer end. The end cap is sealed against the sleeve 9, allowing the sleeve 9 to slide between the end cap and the inner tube 2.

[0041] This embodiment utilizes the structure of the inner tube 2 and the outer tube 15 to form a movable space between the two, in which the sleeve 9 is sleeved, and utilizes the characteristics of its movement and the energy dissipation body 16 to achieve energy dissipation and load resistance.

[0042] In the implementation structure of this embodiment, both sides of the energy dissipation body 16 are in a fixed state, and the sleeve 9 can slide relative to the energy dissipation body 16. Therefore, positioning points can be added at the matching structure of the sleeve 9 and the energy dissipation body 16, such as providing a conical hole facing both sides on the center plate 1, and providing a matching conical block on the energy dissipation body 16. The conical block moves or abuts against the conical hole, and as the moving distance increases, the ability to resist the load also increases accordingly.

[0043] Example 3: This example further illustrates the structure of the inner tube 2.

[0044] When implementing Figure 12 As shown in the figure, the inner cylinder 2 includes a damping cylinder 21, an energy dissipation cylinder 22 and a connecting sleeve 23; a cover is provided at the end of the damping cylinder 21, the damping plate 6 is sleeved in the damping cylinder, the damping cylinder 21 is closed by the cover, the piston rod 5 is sealed in the cover, and the energy dissipation cylinder 22 is connected to the damping cylinder 21 via the connecting sleeve 23.

[0045] The energy dissipation cylinder 22 comprises a first cylinder and a second cylinder. Connecting plates are provided on both sides of the first and second cylinders, which are joined together by welding or bolts. One end of the connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the end of the damping cylinder, while the other end fits snugly around the first and second cylinders and is bolted together.

[0046] In this embodiment, the connecting sleeve connects the damping cylinder and the energy dissipation cylinder, and the piston rod 5 is a split structure. During assembly, the piston rod 5 equipped with the damping plate 6 is first assembled in the damping cylinder, and then the piston rod 5 equipped with the energy dissipation block 7 is assembled in the energy dissipation cylinder, and then the two sections of the piston rod 5 are connected together; finally, the connecting sleeve is connected to the energy dissipation cylinder and the damping cylinder to realize the connection between the inner cylinder 2 of the piston rod 5.

[0047] Based on the structures in Examples 1-3, the present invention provides a composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device, which significantly improves the shock absorption efficiency by integrating a multi-stage energy dissipation mechanism of damping fluid viscous energy dissipation, rubber block deformation energy dissipation, elastic energy storage energy dissipation and SMA rod deformation energy dissipation; utilizes the self-recovery characteristics of the SMA rod and the synergistic effect of the spring assembly to achieve a high proportion of self-reset, reducing post-earthquake maintenance costs; the device has a compact structure and adopts a modular design, which is easy to install, maintain and upgrade. At the same time, the bidirectional force design enhances adaptability, can significantly improve the seismic performance of the building structure, ensure the safety of personnel and property, and has significant social and economic benefits.

[0048] Example 4: This example applies the energy dissipation and shock absorption device to wall shock absorption.

[0049] As shown in FIG13 , the core of the connection between the upper wall 18 and the lower wall 19 lies in the precise assembly of the energy dissipation and shock absorption mechanism. The connection structure is designed with multiple levels of adjustment to achieve dual guarantees of installation adaptability and stress stability. Among the core components of the connection structure, the mounting head 14 serves as the "bridge" connecting the piston rod 5 to the wall. Made of high-strength alloy steel, it is threaded to the end of the piston rod 5, ensuring connection strength while allowing for fine-tuning of the spacing between the two mounting heads 14 through rotation. A locknut is fitted at the threaded connection, with an elastic washer inside the nut to effectively offset thread play and prevent loosening under vibration loads. The mounting head 14 is hinged to the adjustment block using a pin, with a certain amount of clearance reserved at the joint to ensure flexible rotation during installation to accommodate slight wall inclinations. The adjustment block 20 and the adjustment seat 21 cooperate to form an adjustment unit in the horizontal direction. The adjustment block 20 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure as a whole, with an internal thread that matches the screw rod, and through holes that match the positioning rod 23 on both sides. The positioning rod and the through hole are clearance-matched to ensure the guiding accuracy of the adjustment block during translation. The bottom of the adjustment seat 21 is rigidly connected to the embedded plate by bolts, and the top is processed with holes for the installation of the screw rod and the positioning rod. The two ends of the screw rod 22 are assembled on the adjustment seat through bearings to ensure stability during rotation. The embedded plate 24 serves as the basic component connected to the wall. It adopts a steel plate of a certain thickness. A plurality of embedded bars 25 are welded on the surface. The embedded bars 25 are embedded in the wall when it is cast to form a reliable anchor to prevent it from being pulled out of the wall when it is under stress. The adjustment operation design of the screw is convenient and precise. The drive head at the end of the screw adopts a hexagonal structure and can be rotated by a wrench or special tool. The drive head and the screw are formed as one piece to avoid loose connections. When the drive head is rotated, the screw drives the adjustment block to move horizontally along the direction of the positioning rod through threaded transmission. During actual installation, first adjust the approximate distance between the two mounting heads by rotating the mounting head 14 according to the actual spacing between the upper and lower walls, and then rotate the screw to make the adjustment block drive the main body of the energy dissipation and shock absorption mechanism to move horizontally until its axis coincides with the designed horizontal installation line. Finally, fix the position of the adjustment block by tightening the positioning bolts on the adjustment seat to complete the overall assembly. This dual adjustment method can effectively compensate for the dimensional error in wall construction, ensure that the energy dissipation and shock absorption mechanism is accurately assembled between the upper and lower walls in the horizontal direction, and ensure that it can evenly exert its energy dissipation and shock absorption effect when subjected to force. The embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. The basic concept of the present invention is to significantly improve the shock absorption efficiency by integrating a multi-stage energy dissipation mechanism that dissipates energy through viscous energy dissipation of damping fluid, deformation energy dissipation of rubber blocks, elastic energy storage and dissipation, and deformation energy dissipation of SMA rods. The self-recovery properties of the SMA rods are used in conjunction with the spring assembly to achieve a high proportion of self-reset, reducing post-earthquake repair costs. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device, characterized in that: It includes a center plate, an inner energy dissipation assembly, a spring assembly and an outer energy dissipation assembly; the inner energy dissipation assembly includes a damping chamber, an energy dissipation chamber, a damping plate, an energy dissipation block and a piston rod; inner cylinders are fixed on the left and right sides of the center plate respectively, a damping chamber and an energy dissipation chamber are provided in the inner cylinder, a damping fluid is arranged in the damping chamber, the piston rod is sleeved in the energy dissipation chamber and the damping chamber, and an energy dissipation block and a damping plate are fixed on the piston rod, wherein the damping plate is sleeved in the damping chamber, and a through hole is provided in the damping plate; the energy dissipation block is sleeved in the energy dissipation chamber, and its two ends are against the energy dissipation chamber; The spring assembly includes a sleeve, a first spring, a second spring, a sleeve, a fixing plate, and an ear plate; the sleeve is fixedly mounted on the piston rod, the sleeve is fixed on the sleeve, its main body extends toward the inner cylinder and is mounted on the inner cylinder, and an ear plate is fixed on its end; the fixing plate is fixed to the end of the inner cylinder via a support rod, and the support rod is slidably mounted on the sleeve; the sleeve is slidably mounted on the fixing plate, and a mounting head is fixed on the end of the piston rod; The external energy dissipation assembly includes an energy dissipation body and an outer cylinder. The middle part of the outer cylinder is fixed on the center plate. The combined structure of the sleeve and the ear plate can be inserted into the outer cylinder and slide in the outer cylinder. The energy dissipation body is arranged on the ear plate and the center plate.

2. The composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the outer cylinder is threadedly provided with an end cover, the end cover, the ear plate and the center plate are provided with corresponding holes, and the energy dissipation body is provided in the hole.

3. The composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A damping plate is fixed to one end of the piston rod, the damping plate is sleeved in the damping chamber, the piston rod seal is sleeved in the damping chamber, a block seat is provided on the piston rod, one side of the energy dissipation block rests on the block seat, the sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the piston rod and rests on the other side of the energy dissipation block.

4. The composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The energy dissipation block includes a first positioning plate, a second positioning plate and a block body. The block body is fixedly mounted on the piston rod. The first positioning plate and the second positioning plate are arranged on both sides of the block body. The first positioning plate and the second positioning plate are fixed on the piston rod. The second positioning plate and the second positioning plate are mounted in the energy dissipation chamber.

5. The composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleeve includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve; the first sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the piston rod, one side of the sleeve abuts or sleeves on the first sleeve, and the second sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the piston rod and abuts or sleeves on the other side of the sleeve.

6. The composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy dissipator is an SMA rod. The central plate is provided with an injection port, the end of which is provided with a valve. The injection port is connected to the damping chambers on both sides through a pipeline.

7. The composite parallel energy dissipation and vibration reduction device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The inner cylinder includes a damping cylinder, an energy dissipation cylinder and a connecting sleeve; a cover is provided at the end of the damping cylinder, the damping plate is sleeved in the damping cylinder, the damping cylinder is sealed by the cover, the piston rod is sealed in the cover, and the energy dissipation cylinder is connected to the damping cylinder via the connecting sleeve.

8. The composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The energy dissipation cylinder includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder; both sides of the first cylinder and the second cylinder are provided with connecting plates, and the connecting plates on both sides are connected and fixed into one body by welding or bolts.

9. The composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device according to claim 8, characterized in that: One end of the connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the end of the damping cylinder, and the other end is adapted to be assembled with the first cylinder and the second cylinder and connected together by a bolt assembly.

10. The composite parallel energy dissipation and shock absorption device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting head is threadedly connected to the end of the piston rod to adjust the distance between the two mounting heads. The mounting head is hinged on the adjusting block, and the adjusting block is assembled on the adjusting seat via a screw and a positioning rod. The adjusting seat is fixed on the embedded plate, and the embedded plate is pre-embedded in the wall via embedded strength. A driving head is provided at the end of the screw, and the driving head rotates the screw to make the adjusting block translate relative to the adjusting seat.

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