Anti-impact variable-damping vibration reduction device easy to disassemble and assemble and assembling method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of vibration and noise control equipment, and relates to an anti-impact variable-damping vibration reduction device easy to disassemble and assemble and an assembling method thereof. The shock-resistant variable-damping vibration attenuation device easy to disassemble and assemble comprises a vibration attenuation base, a split type box body, a composite vibration attenuation body, a variable-damping structure and a vibration attenuation support. The split box body comprises an upper box body and a lower box body, a cavity is formed in the split box body, and the cavity is filled with a composite vibration reduction body; a plurality of bosses are arranged on the peripheral surface of the upper box body and are communicated with the inner space of the upper box body; the variable damping structures are arranged in the internal hollow structures of the bosses, and each variable damping structure comprises a disc spring shaft and a plurality of disc spring sheets with different diameters; the vibration reduction support is formed by connecting different side plates through plastic pipes provided with linear springs and can stretch out and draw back freely. The damping device solves the problem that a traditional damping device cannot achieve damping of transient high-frequency impact excitation, and is simple in structure, easy to assemble and disassemble, high in damping adaptivity, excellent in dynamic rigidity and excellent in acoustic vibration performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of vibration and noise control equipment, and in particular relates to an easily disassembled and assembled anti-impact variable damping vibration reduction device and an assembly method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Stamping processes are widely used in industries such as automotive, aviation, aerospace, electronics, and household appliances. However, due to the high impact force, short action time, and strong time-varying characteristics of the stamping process, strong structural vibration and noise pollution can harm the operator's physical and mental health and affect the quality of the workpiece. Therefore, vibration and noise reduction devices are essential equipment for stamping processes.

[0003] Current research data, both domestically and internationally, indicates that the design of stamping vibration reduction devices primarily involves installing vibration dampers and sound insulation and absorption devices. Key vibrating components generating impact noise are subjected to additional vibration reduction structures for passive isolation rather than active elimination, and sound barriers or localized sound-absorbing enclosures are installed to block the path. While this method can partially reduce vibration and noise, it does not address the source of the vibration noise, but rather passively addresses the phenomenon after the fact, failing to fundamentally address the impact vibration issue. Furthermore, the impact force varies with the workpiece material hardness, structural dimensions, and precision, and is therefore time-varying. Simply employing a vibration reduction or sound insulation structure with constant vibration or noise reduction performance will not effectively control impact vibration noise.

[0004] Based on this, there is an urgent need to provide an easy-to-disassemble and anti-impact variable damping vibration reduction device with a simple structure, easy assembly and disassembly, good damping adaptability, and excellent acoustic and vibration performance.

[0005] The information in this background technology section is only intended to enhance understanding of the overall background of the application and is not necessarily regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides an easily disassembled and assembled anti-impact variable damping vibration reduction device and its assembly method. Starting from the time-varying characteristics of the impact excitation force, the device can identify the key influencing factors of the impact vibration noise formation, effectively absorb and dissipate the time-varying impact force, significantly reduce the vibration amplitude and sound radiation capacity generated by the impact excitation, and improve the workpiece processing quality. At the same time, through the split box structure design, the damping coefficient is adaptively adjusted according to the time-varying characteristics of the number of impacts, impact depth, and stamping accuracy. The stiffness and damping of the device are adaptively adjusted as the working conditions change, thereby achieving vibration noise control of the time-varying impact force. The present application not only achieves anti-impact vibration reduction and noise reduction in essence, but also optimizes the vibration reduction device structurally to achieve easy disassembly and assembly, greatly improving the stamping processing efficiency and improving the factory acoustic environment.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present application, an easily detachable anti-impact variable damping vibration reduction device is provided, comprising a vibration reduction base, a split housing, a composite vibration reduction body, a variable damping structure, and a vibration reduction bracket;

[0008] a vibration-damping base comprising a base plate and a central column located above the base plate;

[0009] The split box includes an upper box and a lower box, the upper box and the lower box are connected vertically, and a cavity is formed inside the upper box, and the cavity is filled with a composite vibration damper; the lower box is mounted on a vibration damping base; the outer peripheral surface of the upper box is provided with a plurality of bosses with an internal hollow structure, and the plurality of bosses are connected to the internal space of the upper box;

[0010] Multiple variable damping structures are correspondingly arranged in the internal hollow structures of the multiple bosses, each variable damping structure includes a disc spring shaft and a plurality of disc spring leaves sleeved on the disc spring shaft, and the plurality of disc spring leaves increase in diameter from the outside to the inside along the disc spring shaft;

[0011] A pressing plate, located on the top of the upper box body and used to close the upper box body;

[0012] An upper end cover, which is located above the pressing plate and connected to the pressing plate;

[0013] The vibration-damping bracket is connected to the lower surface of the clamping plate and abuts against the disc spring shaft. The vibration-damping bracket includes a plurality of side plates that are vertically arranged and abut against the plurality of disc spring shafts one by one. The plurality of side plates are connected by a plurality of plastic tubes with linear springs inside.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the multiple bosses are symmetrically distributed.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, the clamping plate and the upper end cover are connected to the upper box body using connecting bolts.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the upper box body and the lower box body are connected by 8 hexagonal countersunk bolts.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present application, the upper end of the vibration-damping bracket is connected to the clamping plate by riveting.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, the lower box and the vibration-damping base are connected using embedded slots and bolts.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present application, a circular ring gap is provided on the vibration-damping base, the circular ring gap is filled with rubber damping material, and the lower box is provided on the circular ring gap of the rubber damping material.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, a linear band gap is opened on the side of the base and filled with air, and the size of the band gap is determined by optimizing the impact vibration amplitude and frequency.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present application, the annular gap is centered on the central column, has a radius of 1 / 3 the base length, and a ring spacing of 5-8 mm.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present application, the linear band gap has a width of 2-4 mm and a length of 2 / 5 of the base length, and the band gap width is determined by the impact amplitude and frequency.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present application, there are four bosses; the bosses are rectangular and have dimensions of 7*4*5 mm.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present application, the boss can be freely disassembled and assembled independently.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present application, the composite vibration damper is a rectangular parallelepiped, inlaid with rubber and aerogel sound-absorbing materials, and has multiple axial holes for the disc spring shaft to pass through evenly arranged circumferentially; the upper surface of the composite vibration damper is provided with exhaust holes, and the outer peripheral surface is also provided with multiple exhaust grooves.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the shaft hole is 5-7 mm; the exhaust hole is located at the center of the upper surface, the area of ​​the exhaust hole accounts for 15% of the area of ​​the upper surface, and the exhaust groove width is 2-5 mm.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the disc spring increases from the outside to the inside, with the maximum diameter being 87 mm and the minimum being 63 mm. The maximum axial deformation of the disc spring is 7.5 mm, and the load it bears is 6634 N. It is then abutted against the vibration damping bracket by interference fit of the shaft hole.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present application, multiple disc springs of the variable damping structure are symmetrically arranged, and the disc springs are distributed in a paired linear symmetrical distribution, with the diameter of each pair of disc springs increasing from the outside to the inside.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present application, the disc spring shaft is a threaded self-locking stepped structure, which is composed of a first shaft, a second shaft and a third shaft connected in sequence in the direction of extending from inside the box body to outside the box body. The first shaft is located inside the upper box body and abuts against the side panel, and the second shaft passes through the upper box body; the first shaft, the second shaft and the third shaft are cylinders, and the diameter of the second shaft is greater than the diameter of the third shaft and greater than the diameter of the first shaft.

[0030] In other embodiments of the present application, a method for assembling an easily disassembled and assembled impact-resistant variable damping vibration reduction device is provided, wherein a vibration reduction base, a composite vibration reduction body, a variable damping structure, and a vibration reduction bracket are first assembled, and then assembled together into a split housing. Specifically, a rubber damping material is clamped into the circular ring gap of the vibration reduction base, and a center column is installed at the center of the base through interference fit of the shaft hole; secondly, the composite vibration reduction body is installed on the center column, and then a disc spring shaft is inserted into a boss on the side of the upper housing. Disc springs of different cross-sectional sizes are installed on the disc spring shaft, and the gap between the disc spring shaft and the disc springs is larger than the gap between the disc springs. An elastic sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the disc spring shaft with the disc springs installed, and a boss shell is installed on the elastic sleeve and fixed from the center position of a side of the boss away from the upper housing by a connecting member. Then, the upper ends of multiple side plates of the vibration reduction bracket are fixedly connected to the upper pressure plate and abut against the disc spring shaft. The multiple side plates are connected by multiple plastic tubes with built-in linear springs. Finally, the upper and lower housings of the split housing are buckled and fixed.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present application, the boss and the upper box body are connected to form an integrated structure through threads, and the upper end cover and the upper pressure plate are connected to the box body through bolts.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages:

[0033] 1. This application proposes a variable damping structure. Compared with a typical shock absorber structure, its dynamic damping curve decays more rapidly with increasing frequency, exhibiting more excellent dynamic characteristics of vibration and noise reduction, thereby significantly improving the dynamic performance of the structure.

[0034] 2. The composite vibration damping body is adopted, and the composite inlaid structure of rubber and aerosol is utilized to realize active adaptive attenuation of impact force in a passive way, thus making up for the defect that conventional vibration damping structure cannot achieve adaptive control.

[0035] 3. The elastically connected and freely retractable vibration-damping bracket structure can better buffer transient impact forces and enhance the dynamic stiffness variation range of the structure compared to traditional rigid supports.

[0036] 4. The gapped vibration-damping bearing further attenuates transient impact vibration, making it unable to excite structural sound radiation, thus fundamentally solving the problem of structural sound radiation.

[0037] 5. The detachable composite upper and lower parts of the box structure with bosses are adopted, which makes it easier to assemble, disassemble, transport and use while providing sufficient support for the device.

[0038] 6. The vibration reduction device of the present application can solve the vibration reduction problem of transient high-frequency impact excitation, has a simple structure, is easy to assemble and disassemble, has good damping adaptability, and has excellent acoustic and vibration performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an easily detachable anti-impact variable damping vibration reduction device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0041] Figure 2 1 is an exploded diagram of an easily detachable anti-impact variable damping vibration reduction device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an easily disassembled anti-impact variable damping vibration reduction device in some embodiments of the present application.

[0043] 1—Upper end cover; 2—Connecting bolts; 3—Compression plate; 4—Upper box; 5—Boss; 6—Vibration damping bracket;

[0044] 7 - variable damping structure; 8 - lower box; 9 - rubber gasket; 10 - vibration damping base; 11 - composite vibration damping body; 12 - disc spring; 13 - disc spring shaft; 14 - connector; 15 - plastic tube; 16 - linear band gap; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "side", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on this application.

[0047] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections, direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, there is provided an easily disassembled anti-impact variable damping vibration reduction device, comprising a vibration reduction base 10, a split housing, a composite vibration reduction body 11, a variable damping structure 7, and a vibration reduction bracket 6;

[0049] A vibration-damping base 10 comprising a base plate and a central column located above the base plate;

[0050] The split box includes an upper box 4 and a lower box 8. The upper box 4 and the lower box 8 are connected vertically, and a cavity is formed inside. The cavity is filled with a composite vibration damper 11. The lower box 8 is mounted on a vibration damping base 10. The outer peripheral surface of the upper box 4 is provided with a plurality of bosses 5 with an internal hollow structure. The plurality of bosses 5 are connected to the internal space of the upper box 4.

[0051] Multiple variable damping structures 7 are correspondingly disposed in the internal hollow structures of the multiple bosses 5. Each variable damping structure 7 includes a disc spring shaft 13 and multiple disc spring leaves 12 sleeved on the disc spring shaft 13. The multiple disc spring leaves 12 increase in diameter from the outside to the inside along the disc spring shaft 13.

[0052] A compression plate 3 is located on the top of the upper box body 4 and is used to close the upper box body 4;

[0053] The upper end cover 1 is located above the pressing plate 3 and is connected to the pressing plate 3;

[0054] The vibration-damping bracket 6 is connected to the lower surface of the clamping plate 3 and abuts against the disc spring shaft 13. The vibration-damping bracket 6 includes a plurality of side plates that are vertically arranged and abut against the plurality of disc spring shafts 13 one by one. The plurality of side plates are connected by a plurality of plastic tubes 15 with linear springs inside.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, the pressing plate 3 and the upper end cover 1 are connected to the upper box body 4 using connecting bolts 2.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present application, the upper box body 4 and the lower box body 8 are connected by 8 hexagonal countersunk bolts.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present application, a circular ring gap is provided on the vibration-damping base 10 , the circular ring gap is filled with rubber damping material, and the lower box 8 is provided on the circular ring gap of the rubber damping material.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present application, the vibration-damping base 10 is an integral load-bearing structure, used to support all structures of the variable damping device except the vibration-damping base 10 .

[0059] In some embodiments of the present application, a circular band gap is provided on the base, and the band gap is filled with rubber damping material. A linear band gap 16 is opened on the side of the base and filled with air. The size of the band gap is determined by optimizing the impact vibration amplitude and frequency.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present application, the circular band gap is centered on the central column, has a radius of 1 / 3 the base length, and a ring spacing of 5-8 mm; the linear band gap is 16, has a width of 2-4 mm, and a length of 2 / 5 the base length. The band gap width is determined by the impact amplitude and frequency.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present application, there are four bosses 5 arranged in a ring on the outer peripheral surface of the upper box body 4.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present application, the outline of the boss 5 is a rectangular parallelepiped.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present application, the boss 5 is a rectangular parallelepiped with dimensions of 7*4*5 mm.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present application, the boss 5 can be freely disassembled and assembled independently.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present application, the composite vibration damper 11 is a rectangular parallelepiped, inlaid with rubber and aerogel sound-absorbing materials, and has multiple axial holes for the disc spring shaft 13 to pass through evenly arranged circumferentially; the upper surface of the composite vibration damper 11 is provided with exhaust holes, and the outer peripheral surface is also provided with multiple exhaust grooves.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present application, the volume of the aerosol sound absorbing material is 20% of that of the rubber material, the sound absorption frequency range of the aerogel material is 800 to 6000 Hz, and the average sound absorption coefficient is 0.674.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present application, the number of the plurality of axial holes is 4.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present application, the four axial holes are connected to the vibration-damping bracket 6 by interference fit.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present application, the diameters of the four axial holes are all 5-7 mm; the exhaust hole is located at the center of the upper surface, the area of ​​the exhaust hole accounts for 15% of the area of ​​the upper surface, and the exhaust groove width is 2-5 mm.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present application, the lower box 8 is an irregular circular box with a wall thickness of 10 mm and a hollow interior.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present application, the side panels of the vibration-damping bracket 6 are 2 mm wide, 2 mm thick, and 1.2 m long, all less than or equal to 1.2 m.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present application, the side panels may be replaced by round tubes or solid rods.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present application, the upper end of the vibration-damping bracket 6 is connected to the pressing plate 3 by riveting.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present application, a hole is provided in the middle of the lower surface of the composite vibration damper 11 and is clearance-fitted with the central column of the vibration damping base 10 .

[0075] In some embodiments of the present application, the lower box 8 and the vibration-damping base 10 are connected using embedded slots and bolts.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the disc spring increases from the outside to the inside, with a maximum diameter of 87 mm and a minimum of 63 mm. The maximum deformation of the disc spring shaft 13 is 7.5 mm, and the load it bears is 6634 N. It is then abutted against the vibration damping bracket 6 by an interference fit of the shaft hole.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present application, the disc springs of the plurality of variable damping structures 7 are symmetrically arranged, and the disc spring distribution adopts a paired linear symmetrical distribution, and the diameter of each pair of disc springs increases from the outside to the inside.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present application, each pair of disc springs is sequentially installed on the vibration damping bracket 6 by interference fit of the shaft hole.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present application, the split box and the vibration-damping bracket 6 are both made of composite metal materials.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present application, the disc spring shaft 13 is a threaded self-locking stepped structure, which is composed of a first shaft, a second shaft and a third shaft in sequence extending from the inside of the box body to the outside of the box body. The first shaft is located inside the upper box body 4 and abuts against the side panel, and the second shaft passes through the upper box body 4; in some embodiments of the present application, the first shaft, the second shaft and the third shaft are cylinders, and the diameter of the second shaft is greater than the diameter of the third shaft and the diameter of the first shaft.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present application, the third axis may also be a frustum structure with a diameter decreasing from the inside to the outside.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present application, an assembly method for an easily disassembled and assembled impact-resistant variable damping vibration reduction device is also provided. First, the vibration reduction base 10, the composite vibration reduction body 11, the variable damping structure 7 and the vibration reduction bracket 6 are assembled, and then assembled together into a split box. Specifically, a rubber damping material, which can be a rubber gasket 9, is clamped in the annular gap of the vibration reduction base 10. The center column is installed in the center of the base through an interference fit of the shaft hole; secondly, the composite vibration reduction body 11 is installed on the center column through a transition fit of the shaft hole, and then the disc spring shaft 13 is inserted into the boss 5 on the side of the upper box body 4, and the disc spring shaft 13 is inserted into the boss 5 on the side of the upper box body 4. 3, disc springs 12 of different cross-sectional sizes are installed, the gap between the disc spring shaft 13 and the disc spring 12 is larger than the gap between the disc springs 12, an elastic sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the disc spring shaft 13 on which the disc spring 12 is installed, the boss 5 housing is installed on the elastic sleeve, and the connecting member 14 is fixed from the center position of the side of the boss 5 away from the upper box body 4, then the upper ends of the multiple side plates of the vibration damping bracket 6 are fixedly connected to the upper pressure plate, and abut against the disc spring shaft 13, and the multiple side plates are connected by multiple plastic tubes 15 with built-in linear springs. Finally, the upper box body 4 and the lower box body 8 of the split box body are fastened together and fixed with bolts.

[0083] In some embodiments of the present application, after many in-depth studies, the aperture of the middle hole on the upper surface should not be too small or too large, and must be within a reasonable range of the present application. When the aperture is too small, the stiffness of the vibration-damping bracket 6 is insufficient, and when the aperture is too large, the supporting weight will be reduced.

[0084] In some embodiments of the present application, the boss 5 and the upper box body 4 are connected to form an integral structure through threads, and the upper end cover 1 and the upper pressure plate are connected to the box body through bolts.

[0085] In some embodiments of the present application, the hole in the middle of the composite vibration damper 11 is fitted with a minimum clearance between the hole and the central column of the vibration damping base 10 .

[0086] In some embodiments of the present application, the lower box 8 and the vibration-damping base 10 are connected using embedded slots and bolts.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present application, the geometric tolerances and form and position tolerances of all components adopt general tolerances, and the surface roughness is a rough grade.

[0088] The vibration-damping bracket of the present application has an elastic expansion and contraction function. The vibration-damping bracket is elastically connected to the boss for installing a variable-cut-off disc spring. The vibration-damping bracket is realized by connecting different side plates via a plastic tube provided with a linear spring.

[0089] The lower housing of this application is an irregular circular box with a hollow interior, filled with sound-absorbing material. The composite vibration damper is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, embedded with two different damping materials, primarily rubber and aerogel. Four circumferential apertures are arranged on the surface of the rectangular parallelepiped structure for mounting the disc spring shaft, along with exhaust holes at the top and exhaust slots on the sides. The variable damping structure utilizes a variable-interface disc spring combination, with the disc springs arranged symmetrically and their radial dimensions increasing linearly.

[0090] The easily disassembled and assembled anti-impact variable damping vibration reduction device and its assembly method provided in the present application can clarify the key influencing factors of the impact vibration noise formation based on the time-varying characteristics of the impact excitation force, effectively absorb and dissipate the time-varying impact force, greatly reduce the vibration amplitude and sound radiation capacity generated by the impact excitation, and improve the workpiece processing quality. At the same time, through the split box structure design, the damping coefficient is adaptively adjusted according to the time-varying characteristics of the impact number, impact depth and stamping accuracy, and the stiffness and damping of the device are adaptively adjusted as the working conditions change, thereby realizing vibration noise control of the time-varying impact force.

[0091] Through the variable damping structure, the dynamic damping curve decays more rapidly with the increase of frequency, showing more excellent dynamic characteristics of vibration reduction and noise reduction, thereby significantly improving the dynamic performance of the structure; a composite vibration damping body is adopted, and a rubber and aerosol composite inlaid structure is used to achieve active adaptive attenuation of impact force in a passive manner, making up for the defect that conventional vibration damping structures cannot achieve adaptive control; the elastically connected and freely retractable vibration damping bracket structure can better buffer transient impact force and enhance the dynamic stiffness variation range of the structure compared to traditional rigid supports; the gap vibration damping support further attenuates transient impact vibration, making it unable to excite structural sound radiation, and fundamentally solving the problem of structural sound radiation. The vibration damping device of the present application can solve the vibration reduction problem of transient high-frequency impact excitation.

[0092] This application not only achieves impact resistance, vibration reduction and noise reduction in essence, but also optimizes the vibration reduction device from a structural perspective to achieve easy disassembly and assembly, greatly improving the stamping processing efficiency and improving the factory sound environment.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An easily disassembled anti-impact variable damping vibration reduction device, characterized in that: It includes a vibration-damping base, a split box, a composite vibration-damping body, a variable damping structure and a vibration-damping bracket; a vibration-damping base comprising a base plate and a central column located above the base plate; The split box includes an upper box and a lower box, the upper box and the lower box are connected vertically, and a cavity is formed inside the upper box, and the cavity is filled with a composite vibration damper; the lower box is mounted on a vibration damping base; the outer peripheral surface of the upper box is provided with a plurality of bosses with an internal hollow structure, and the plurality of bosses are connected to the internal space of the upper box; Multiple variable damping structures are correspondingly arranged in the internal hollow structures of the multiple bosses, each variable damping structure includes a disc spring shaft and a plurality of disc spring leaves sleeved on the disc spring shaft, and the plurality of disc spring leaves increase in diameter from the outside to the inside along the disc spring shaft; A pressing plate, located on the top of the upper box body and used to close the upper box body; An upper end cover, which is located above the pressing plate and connected to the pressing plate; The vibration-damping bracket is connected to the lower surface of the clamping plate and abuts against the disc spring shaft. The vibration-damping bracket includes a plurality of side plates that are vertically arranged and abut against the plurality of disc spring shafts one by one. The plurality of side plates are connected by a plurality of plastic tubes with linear springs inside.

2. The easily detachable anti-impact variable damping vibration reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple bosses are symmetrically distributed; the clamping plate and the upper end cover are connected to the upper box body by connecting bolts; the upper box body and the lower box body are connected by 8 hexagonal countersunk bolts; the upper end of the vibration damping bracket is connected to the clamping plate by riveting; the lower box body and the vibration damping base are connected by embedded slots and bolts.

3. The easily detachable anti-impact variable damping vibration reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular gap is provided on the vibration-damping base, and the circular gap is filled with rubber damping material. The lower box is provided on the circular gap of the rubber damping material. A linear gap is provided on the side of the base and filled with air. The size of the gap is determined by optimizing the impact vibration amplitude and frequency.

4. The easily detachable anti-impact variable damping vibration reduction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The circular band gap is centered on the central column, with a radius of 1 / 3 of the base length and a ring spacing of 5-8mm; the linear band gap has a width of 2-4mm and a length of 2 / 5 of the base length. The band gap width is determined by the impact amplitude and frequency.

5. The easily detachable anti-impact variable damping vibration reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four bosses; the bosses are rectangular parallelepipeds with dimensions of 7*4*5mm; the bosses can be freely disassembled and assembled independently.

6. The easily detachable anti-impact variable damping vibration reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite vibration damper is a rectangular parallelepiped, inlaid with rubber and aerogel sound-absorbing materials, and has multiple axial holes for the disc spring shaft to pass through evenly arranged around the circumference; the upper surface of the composite vibration damper is provided with exhaust holes, and the outer peripheral surface is also provided with multiple exhaust grooves; the diameter of the axial holes is 5 to 7 mm; the exhaust hole is located at the center of the upper surface, the area of ​​the exhaust hole accounts for 15% of the area of ​​the upper surface, and the width of the exhaust groove is 2-5 mm.

7. The easily detachable anti-impact variable damping vibration reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disc spring diameter increases from the outside to the inside, with the maximum diameter being 87mm and the minimum being 63mm. The maximum axial deformation of the disc spring is 7.5mm, and the load it bears is 6634N. It is abutted against the vibration damping bracket by interference fit of the shaft hole. The disc springs of multiple variable damping structures are arranged symmetrically, and the disc spring distribution adopts a paired linear symmetrical distribution. The diameter of each pair of disc springs increases from the outside to the inside.

8. The easily detachable anti-impact variable damping vibration reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disc spring shaft is a threaded self-locking stepped structure, and is composed of a first shaft, a second shaft and a third shaft connected in sequence in the direction of extending from inside the box to outside the box. The first shaft is located inside the upper box and abuts against the side panel, and the second shaft passes through the upper box; the first shaft, the second shaft and the third shaft are cylinders, and the diameter of the second shaft is greater than the diameter of the third shaft and greater than the diameter of the first shaft.

9. An assembly method for an easily disassembled anti-impact variable damping vibration reduction device, characterized in that: Using the vibration damping device described in any one of claims 1 to 8, first assemble the vibration damping base, the composite vibration damping body, the variable damping structure and the vibration damping bracket, and then assemble them together into the split box body, specifically, install the rubber damping material in the circular ring gap of the vibration damping base, and install the center column in the center of the base through interference fit of the shaft hole; secondly, install the composite vibration damping body on the center column, and then insert the disc spring shaft into the boss on the side of the upper box body, install disc springs of different cross-sectional sizes on the disc spring shaft, the gap between the disc spring shaft and the disc springs is larger than the gap between the disc springs, an elastic sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the disc spring shaft with the disc springs installed, a boss shell is installed on the elastic sleeve, and is fixed from the center position of one side of the boss away from the upper box body with a connecting piece, and then the upper ends of multiple side plates of the vibration damping bracket are fixedly connected to the upper pressure plate and abut against the disc spring shaft, and the multiple side plates are connected by multiple plastic tubes with built-in linear springs, and finally the upper box body and the lower box body of the split box body are buckled and fixed.

10. The assembly method of the easily detachable anti-impact variable damping vibration reduction device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The boss and the upper box body are connected to form an integral structure through threads, and the upper end cover and the upper pressure plate are connected to the box body through bolts.

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