A photovoltaic and high-efficiency thermal collector split-screen solar sphere system based on flexible batteries

Abstract

This invention discloses a photovoltaic and high-efficiency thermal collector split-screen solar sphere system based on flexible batteries, relating to the field of photovoltaic and photothermal technology. It includes a base, on which preheating components and light refraction components are respectively arranged from the outside in. A support is fixed at the center of the base surface. The spherical assembly is rotatably connected to the base via a rotating shaft. This invention's photovoltaic and high-efficiency thermal collector split-screen solar sphere system utilizes a unique spherical design, designating the top third of the spherical assembly as a photovoltaic zone for photovoltaic power generation, and the bottom two-thirds as a photothermal zone for photothermal exchange. The photovoltaic zone employs a split-spectrum design, avoiding high temperatures while ensuring efficient heat exchange in the photothermal zone. Combined with the light refraction components, residual light is recovered, ensuring the photothermal zone is fully heated. Furthermore, the spherical assembly is tilted and can rotate, thus maximizing sunlight absorption and improving operating efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic and photothermal technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic and high-efficiency heat collection split-screen solar sphere system based on flexible batteries. Background Technology

[0002] my country's rural areas have a strong demand for energy, covering both daily life and agricultural production. Traditional energy supply models are unable to meet the demand for high-quality energy in rural revitalization. Rural energy management is extensive and lagging behind, with a serious lack of intelligent elements. Introducing intelligent energy supply systems to improve energy efficiency, effectively control energy consumption, and reduce energy costs is key to the long-term sustainable development of rural energy. PVT photovoltaic-thermal integrated technology combines photovoltaic and solar thermal energy to make dual use of solar energy. It can be applied to the building and agricultural fields to improve efficiency and reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions, but it faces challenges in design and maintenance.

[0003] Currently, traditional solar power generation technology has low efficiency, and the efficiency when combined with solar thermal technology is even less satisfactory. How to overcome the bottlenecks of low efficiency and poor adaptability of traditional solar photovoltaic and solar thermal technologies, so as to realize photovoltaic and solar thermal equipment that integrates full-spectrum high-efficiency utilization, dynamic energy supply, and cascaded heat storage, is the problem we need to solve this time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention discloses a photovoltaic and high-efficiency thermal collector split-screen solar sphere system based on flexible batteries, aiming to solve the technical problem of low efficiency in combining photovoltaic and photothermal technologies.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A photovoltaic and high-efficiency heat collection split-screen solar sphere system based on flexible batteries includes a base. A preheating component and a light refraction component are respectively arranged on the surface of the base from the outside to the inside. A bracket is fixed at the center of the base surface. The bracket is rotatably connected to a sphere component through a rotating shaft. The top of the bracket drives the sphere component to rotate through a driving component. The sphere component is provided with a photovoltaic area and a photothermal area from top to bottom. A heat insulation plate is arranged between the photovoltaic area and the photothermal area.

[0007] The photovoltaic area includes a transparent flexible photovoltaic panel, the surface of which is coated with an optical thin film for utilizing visible light and infrared light in separate wavelengths.

[0008] The heat exchange medium is first preheated by light through the preheating component, and then introduced into the photothermal zone. Infrared light then shines into the photothermal zone through the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel for heat exchange of the medium. The light refraction component can further reflect light to the photothermal zone to enhance heat exchange.

[0009] A transparent protective shell is installed on the outer surface of the solar thermal zone, and a heat dissipation seam is provided between the transparent protective shell and the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel for heat dissipation of the photovoltaic zone;

[0010] The transparent protective shell and the heat insulation board form a heat insulation structure to retain heat from the solar thermal zone. The transparent protective shell and the heat insulation board form a "Z"-shaped rainproof structure, and the spherical assembly is tilted to accelerate drainage.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the preheating component includes a double-layer preheating pipe embedded in the base surface in a spiral shape. Oil and water are respectively introduced into the double-layer preheating pipe. One end of the double-layer preheating pipe is provided with a liquid inlet. The surface of the double-layer preheating pipe is covered with a heat-absorbing protective plate.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the light refraction component includes a reflective bracket fixed to the surface of the base, a reflective lens is arranged on the outer surface of the reflective bracket, and a drain port is provided at the bottom of the reflective bracket.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the spherical assembly includes a longitudinal frame rotatably mounted on a support, a transverse frame provided in the top third of the longitudinal frame, a transparent flexible photovoltaic panel disposed at the position of the transverse frame, a heat insulation board fixed to the inside of the transverse frame, and a spiral heat exchange tube or a heat exchange straight tube disposed on the inside of the longitudinal frame.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the spiral heat exchange tube is fixed to the limiting groove on the inner side of the longitudinal frame, the rectangular array of the heat exchange straight tubes is arranged in the support plate frame, the support plate frame is inclinedly arranged on the inner side of the longitudinal frame by the support corner brackets and is distributed in a ring array, and both the spiral heat exchange tube and the heat exchange straight tube are located below the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the transparent protective shell is provided in two sets, and the two sets of transparent protective shells are spliced ​​together by fixed connectors to cover the outer surface of the longitudinal frame. The top of the transparent protective shell is provided with an annular protrusion, and the top of the annular protrusion is attached to the lower surface of the heat insulation board.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the liquid outlet end of the double-layer preheating tube is rotatably connected to a first liquid inlet pipe, the liquid outlet end of the first liquid inlet pipe is connected to the liquid inlet end of the spiral heat exchange tube or the heat exchange straight tube, and the liquid outlet end of the spiral heat exchange tube or the heat exchange straight tube is connected to a drain pipe through a second liquid inlet pipe; the first liquid inlet pipe is composed of an outer first outer tube and an inner first inner tube; the spiral heat exchange tube and the heat exchange straight tube are both composed of a metal inner tube Ba, a transparent outer tube Aa and a heat absorption layer Ca, which are distributed from the inside to the outside; the second liquid inlet pipe is composed of an outer second outer tube and an inner second inner tube; the drain pipe is composed of an outer third outer tube and an inner third inner tube.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the first outer tube is rotatably connected to the oil passage inside the double-layer preheating tube via a sealed bearing, and the first inner tube is rotatably connected to the water passage inside the double-layer preheating tube via a sealed bearing; the inlet end of the metal inner tube Ba is connected to the first inner tube, the inlet end of the transparent outer tube Aa is connected to the first outer tube, the outlet end of the metal inner tube Ba is connected to the second inner tube, and the outlet end of the transparent outer tube Aa is connected to the second outer tube; the outlet end of the second inner tube is connected to the third inner tube, and the outlet end of the second outer tube is connected to the third outer tube; the outlet end of the third inner tube is connected to a first rotary connector via a sealed bearing, and the outlet end of the third outer tube is rotatably connected to a second rotary connector via a sealed bearing.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the drive assembly includes a motor fixed to the top of the bracket, the output end of the motor being fixedly connected to a drive gear, the drive gear meshing with a driven gear on the outer surface of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft being a hollow structure; a small air pump is installed on the surface of the heat insulation plate, the air outlet of the small air pump being connected to the air inlet of the longitudinal frame, both the longitudinal frame and the transverse frame being hollow structures and interconnected, and an exhaust port being provided on the lower surface of the transverse frame, the exhaust port facing the heat dissipation seam.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the liquid outlet of the first rotary connector is connected to a four-way pipe via a pipeline. The three liquid outlets of the four-way pipe are respectively connected to a cascade hot water storage tank via solenoid valves. The three liquid outlets of the cascade hot water storage tank are respectively connected to a four-way valve via a first connecting pipe. The liquid outlet of the four-way valve is connected to a heat pump. The cascade hot water storage tank is divided into three independent liquid storage zones from bottom to top: a high-temperature liquid storage zone, a medium-temperature liquid storage zone, and a low-temperature liquid storage zone. The liquid outlet of the second rotary connector is connected to an oil storage tank. The high-temperature liquid storage zone of the cascade hot water storage tank is connected to an electrolyzer and a hydrogen storage tank via a second connecting pipe.

[0020] As can be seen from the above, the present invention has the following technical effects.

[0021] Firstly, this application employs a unique spherical design, setting the top third of the spherical component as a photovoltaic zone for photovoltaic power generation, while the bottom two-thirds are set as a solar thermal zone for solar thermal exchange. The photovoltaic zone uses a split-spectrum design to avoid high temperatures while ensuring the heat exchange efficiency of the solar thermal zone. Combined with a light refraction component, it achieves the recovery of residual light, ensuring that the solar thermal zone is fully heated. Furthermore, the spherical component is tilted and can rotate, thereby fully receiving sunlight and improving working efficiency.

[0022] Secondly, a transparent protective shell is installed on the outer surface of the solar thermal zone. A heat dissipation seam is set between the transparent protective shell and the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel for heat dissipation of the photovoltaic zone. The transparent protective shell and the heat insulation board form a heat insulation structure to retain the heat of the solar thermal zone and prevent the heat from affecting the photovoltaic zone. The transparent protective shell and the heat insulation board form a "Z"-shaped rainproof structure, and the spherical components are set at an angle to accelerate drainage.

[0023] Thirdly, the photovoltaic zone of this application can be used for photovoltaic power generation and energy storage, and the solar thermal zone can realize cascaded heat storage. Furthermore, the heat exchange medium in the solar thermal zone can be changed to meet different application scenarios, which greatly improves the applicability of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process proposed in this invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the isometric structure of the sphere assembly proposed in this invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the reflective lens proposed in this invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transparent protective shell structure proposed in this invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the sphere component proposed in this invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the transparent protective shell proposed in this invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the spiral heat exchanger tube proposed in this invention.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the heat insulation board proposed in this invention.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a first-view schematic diagram of a partial structure of the heat insulation board proposed in this invention, with the arrows indicating the airflow direction.

[0033] Figure 10 This is a second-view schematic diagram of a partial structure of the heat insulation board proposed in this invention, with the arrows indicating the airflow direction.

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting groove structure proposed in this invention.

[0035] Figure 12 The present invention proposes Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point D.

[0036] Figure 13 The present invention proposes Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram at point E in the middle.

[0037] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the installation state of the heat exchange straight tube proposed in this invention.

[0038] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the first liquid inlet pipe structure proposed in this invention.

[0039] Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional view showing the connection relationship between the double-layer preheating pipe, the first outer pipe, the first inner pipe, and the heat exchange straight pipe proposed in this invention.

[0040] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the support corner code structure proposed in this invention.

[0041] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the transparent outer tube structure proposed in this invention.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Preheating assembly; 201. Double-layer preheating pipe; 202. Liquid inlet; 203. Heat absorption protective plate; 3. Light refraction assembly; 301. Reflective bracket; 302. Reflective lens; 303. Drain port; 4. Bracket; 5. Drive assembly; 501. Motor; 502. Drive gear; 503. Rotating shaft; 504. Driven gear; 6. Spherical assembly; 601. Longitudinal frame; 602. Transverse frame; 603. Heat insulation plate; 604. Transparent flexible photovoltaic panel; 605. Limiting groove; 606. Spiral heat exchange tube; 607. Support bracket; 608. Support plate frame; 609. Heat exchange straight tube; 610. Transparent protective shell; 611. Fixing connector; 61 2. Annular protrusion; 613. Heat dissipation slit; 7. First liquid inlet pipe; 701. First outer pipe; 702. First inner pipe; 8. Second liquid inlet pipe; 801. Second outer pipe; 802. Second inner pipe; 9. Drain pipe; 901. Third outer pipe; 902. Third inner pipe; 10. First rotary connector; 11. Second rotary connector; 12. Small air pump; 13. Air inlet; 14. Exhaust outlet; 15. Four-way pipe; 16. Solenoid valve; 17. Cascade hot water storage tank; 18. First connecting pipe; 19. Four-way valve; 20. Heat pump; 21. Oil storage tank; 22. Second connecting pipe; 23. Electrolytic cell; 24. Hydrogen storage tank; Aa. Transparent outer pipe; Ba. Metal inner pipe; Ca. Heat absorption layer. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0044] Reference Figures 1-18A photovoltaic and high-efficiency heat collection split-screen solar sphere system based on flexible batteries includes a base 1. A preheating component 2 and a light refraction component 3 are respectively arranged on the surface of the base 1 from the outside in. A support 4 is fixed at the center of the surface of the base 1. The support 4 is rotatably connected to a sphere component 6 via a rotating shaft 503. The top of the support 4 drives the sphere component 6 to rotate via a driving component 5. The sphere component 6 has a photovoltaic zone and a photothermal zone arranged from top to bottom. A heat insulation plate 603 is arranged between the photovoltaic zone and the photothermal zone. The photovoltaic zone includes a transparent flexible photovoltaic panel 604. The surface of the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel 604 is coated with an optical thin film for the separate utilization of visible light and infrared light in different wavelengths. The heat exchange medium is first preheated by light irradiation through the preheating component 2, and then introduced into the photothermal zone. Infrared light then passes through the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel 604 and irradiates the photothermal zone for heat exchange of the medium. The light refraction component 3 can further reflect light to the photothermal zone to enhance heat exchange.

[0045] In this embodiment, the device can be used in civilian, industrial, or commercial scenarios. Before use, the device is installed in a well-lit area such as a rooftop. The base 1 can be reinforced with concrete to improve the stability of the device. A spherical component 6 is mounted on the support 4. Photovoltaic power generation is achieved through the photovoltaic area at the top of the spherical component 6. The photovoltaic area is composed of several transparent flexible photovoltaic panels 604. The shape of each transparent flexible photovoltaic panel 604 can be triangular or trapezoidal, etc. An optical thin film is deposited on the surface of the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel 604. The optical thin film can be FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) or AZO (aluminum-doped zinc oxide) film, which has both high infrared transmittance and conductivity. The visible light band (400-700 nm) maintains high transmittance (>80%) to ensure the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic area, while the infrared band (>1200 nm) maintains high transmittance. With a transmittance of over 85% (nm), infrared light can penetrate the photovoltaic panel and reach the photothermal area for absorption and heating. Since most of the infrared light passes through the surface of the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel 604, the temperature of the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel 604 can be effectively reduced, ensuring its working efficiency and service life. Through spectral separation, photovoltaic and photothermal functions can be coordinated.

[0046] Furthermore, a transparent protective shell 610 is installed on the outer surface of the solar thermal zone. A heat dissipation seam 613 is provided between the transparent protective shell 610 and the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel 604 for heat dissipation of the photovoltaic zone. The transparent protective shell 610 and the heat insulation board 603 form a heat insulation structure to retain the heat of the solar thermal zone. The transparent protective shell 610 and the heat insulation board 603 form a "Z"-shaped rainproof structure, and the spherical component 6 is inclined to accelerate drainage.

[0047] Specifically, the transparent protective shell 610 is made of acrylic, ensuring light transmission while protecting the components inside the solar thermal zone from damage caused by hail or other impurities. Combined with the heat insulation plate 603, it prevents heat from the solar thermal zone from affecting the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel 604 above, effectively trapping heat within the solar thermal zone and improving its heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, the heat dissipation seam 613 accelerates the heat dissipation efficiency of the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel 604, further ensuring it operates at a safe and efficient temperature. The cross-section of the heat dissipation seam 613 is shaped like a "Z". The structure prevents rainwater from entering the equipment through the heat dissipation seam 613. Since the spherical component 6 is tilted, rainwater located at the heat dissipation seam 613 will slide down the tilted surface and be discharged. At the same time, the spherical component 6 can be rotated by the drive component 5, thereby improving the operating efficiency of photovoltaic and solar thermal power. The rotation method can be a reciprocating 180° rotation, reducing the risk and design difficulty of subsequent pipe and wire entanglement. The wires of the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel 604 can pass through the heat dissipation seam 613 and connect to the external inverter and control cabinet, ultimately transmitting the power to the grid.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In a preferred embodiment, the preheating component 2 includes a double-layer preheating pipe 201 embedded in the surface of the base 1 in a spiral shape. Oil and water are respectively introduced into the double-layer preheating pipe 201. One end of the double-layer preheating pipe 201 is provided with a liquid inlet 202. The surface of the double-layer preheating pipe 201 is covered with a heat-absorbing protective plate 203.

[0049] Specifically, the double-layer preheating tube 201 is made of copper and has independent oil and water channels inside. The oil channel is located outside the water channel. When light shines on the heat-absorbing protective plate 203, it can transfer light and heat to the double-layer preheating tube 201, thereby preheating the oil and water inside and improving the efficiency of subsequent light and heat. The heat-absorbing protective plate 203 can be made of a metal with high thermal conductivity and can be coated with a heat-absorbing coating to further improve the preheating effect.

[0050] In other possible implementation methods, the base 1 may be equipped with a phase change heat storage material that can absorb heat energy during the day and release heat energy at night, thereby providing heat to the double-layer preheating pipe 201 and preventing the pipe from freezing in winter.

[0051] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3In a preferred embodiment, the light refraction component 3 includes a reflective bracket 301 fixed to the surface of the base 1. The outer surface of the reflective bracket 301 is provided with reflective lenses 302. The reflective lenses 302 can refract and utilize some of the scattered light, thereby reflecting it from bottom to top to the outer surface of the photothermal zone. Combined with the light that passes through the photovoltaic zone and shines on the inner surface of the photothermal zone, the inner and outer surfaces of the photothermal zone can be simultaneously photothermally heated, effectively improving the photothermal efficiency. The bottom of the reflective bracket 301 is provided with a drain port 303, which can be used for drainage in rainy weather.

[0052] Reference Figures 4-7 In a preferred embodiment, the sphere assembly 6 includes a longitudinal frame 601 rotatably mounted on the support 4, a transverse frame 602 provided in the top third of the longitudinal frame 601, a transparent flexible photovoltaic panel 604 disposed at the position of the transverse frame 602, a heat insulation plate 603 fixed to the inner side of the transverse frame 602, and a spiral heat exchange tube 606 or a heat exchange straight tube 609 disposed on the inner side of the longitudinal frame 601.

[0053] Specifically, the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel 604 is located at the top third of the longitudinal frame 601, which can effectively reduce the amount of light reflected upward by the reflective lens 302 and prevent the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel 604 from overheating. In addition, a spiral heat exchange tube 606 or a straight heat exchange tube 609 is provided at the bottom two-thirds of the longitudinal frame 601, which can effectively receive the light reflected by the reflective lens 302 and the light transmitted through the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel 604.

[0054] Reference Figures 6-8 In a preferred embodiment, the spiral heat exchange tube 606 is fixed to the limiting groove 605 inside the longitudinal frame 601, and the spiral heat exchange tube 606 can be reinforced to the longitudinal frame 601 by clamps. The heat exchange straight tubes 609 are arranged in a rectangular array in the support plate frame 608. The support plate frame 608 is inclinedly arranged inside the longitudinal frame 601 by support brackets 607 and is distributed in a ring array. Both the spiral heat exchange tube 606 and the heat exchange straight tubes 609 are located below the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel 604.

[0055] Specifically, regardless of whether spiral heat exchange tube 606 or straight heat exchange tube 609 is selected, its outer surface can be exposed to sunlight. The implementation of spiral heat exchange tube 606 and straight heat exchange tube 609 can be selectively based on actual needs and budget. Straight heat exchange tube 609 has lower cost and lower process difficulty, but smaller space utilization, while spiral heat exchange tube 606 has higher cost and higher process difficulty, but higher space utilization and better heat exchange effect.

[0056] Regarding the assembly of the spiral heat exchanger tube 606, the longitudinal frame 601 can be configured as a detachable structure. First, assemble part of the longitudinal frame 601, then install the spiral heat exchanger tube 606, and finally install the entire longitudinal frame 601 to form a wrap-around fixation. Regarding the installation of the heat exchanger straight tube 609, it can be pre-installed inside the support plate frame 608, ensuring that multiple heat exchanger straight tubes 609 are interconnected. Then, insert the support plate frame 608 through the gaps in the longitudinal frame 601, and secure the support plate frame with the support brackets 607. The upper and lower ends of 608 are fixed inside the longitudinal frame 601. Then, pipes are used to connect all the liquid outlets of the support plate frames 608 to realize the series connection of all heat exchange straight tubes 609. After the spiral heat exchange tube 606 or heat exchange straight tube 609 is assembled, the transparent protective shell 610 can be installed. Specifically, there are two sets of transparent protective shells 610. The two sets of transparent protective shells 610 are spliced ​​and covered on the outer surface of the longitudinal frame 601 by the fixed connector 611. The overall installation operation is simple and convenient, and the structure is stable and reliable.

[0057] Furthermore, such as Figure 9 As shown, the top of the transparent protective shell 610 is provided with an annular protrusion 612. The top of the annular protrusion 612 is attached to the lower surface of the heat insulation plate 603, which can effectively prevent the heat of the solar thermal zone from entering the photovoltaic zone through the heat insulation plate 603.

[0058] In the above technical solution, in order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the medium in the photothermal zone, the following structural design is made.

[0059] Specifically, such as Figure 18 As shown, both the spiral heat exchange tube 606 and the heat exchange straight tube 609 are composed of a metal inner tube Ba, a transparent outer tube Aa, and a heat absorption layer Ca. The three are distributed from the inside to the outside. Water can be introduced into the metal inner tube Ba, while oil can be introduced into the transparent outer tube Aa. The heat absorption layer Ca absorbs light and heat, and transfers the heat to the oil first, and then from the oil to the water, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and saving space.

[0060] Specifically, the first inlet pipe 7 is composed of an outer first outer pipe 701 and an inner first inner pipe 702, the second inlet pipe 8 is composed of an outer second outer pipe 801 and an inner second inner pipe 802, and the drain pipe 9 is composed of an outer third outer pipe 901 and an inner third inner pipe 902.

[0061] Oil is introduced into the first outer tube 701, the second outer tube 801 and the third outer tube 901, while water is introduced into the first inner tube 702, the second inner tube 802 and the third inner tube 902. The liquid outlet end of the double-layer preheating tube 201 is rotatably connected to the first liquid inlet pipe 7. The liquid outlet end of the first liquid inlet pipe 7 is connected to the liquid inlet end of the spiral heat exchange tube 606 or the heat exchange straight tube 609. The liquid outlet end of the spiral heat exchange tube 606 or the heat exchange straight tube 609 is connected to the drain pipe 9 through the second liquid inlet pipe 8.

[0062] In the above technical solution, considering that the sphere assembly 6 of this application can rotate, in order to ensure the connectivity between the pipelines, the specific structure is as follows.

[0063] Specifically, such as Figures 12-16 As shown, the first outer tube 701 and the oil passage inside the double-layer preheating tube 201 are rotatably connected through a sealed bearing, and the first inner tube 702 and the water passage inside the double-layer preheating tube 201 are rotatably connected through a sealed bearing. The double-layer preheating tube 201 passes through the hollow rotating shaft 503 at the bottom of the support 4 and is rotatably connected with the first outer tube 701 and the first inner tube 702, ensuring that the double-layer preheating tube 201 remains stationary when the ball assembly 6 and the first liquid inlet pipe 7 rotate together.

[0064] Specifically, the inlet end of the metal inner tube Ba is connected to the first inner tube 702, the inlet end of the transparent outer tube Aa is connected to the first outer tube 701, the outlet end of the metal inner tube Ba is connected to the second inner tube 802, and the outlet end of the transparent outer tube Aa is connected to the second outer tube 801; the outlet end of the second inner tube 802 is connected to the third inner tube 902, and the outlet end of the second outer tube 801 is connected to the third outer tube 901, ensuring that the internal pipes of the sphere assembly 6 are interconnected, and that the oil circuit and water circuit are correspondingly connected without interfering with each other.

[0065] Specifically, the liquid outlet of the third inner tube 902 is connected to the first rotary connector 10 through a sealed bearing, and the liquid outlet of the third outer tube 901 is rotatably connected to the second rotary connector 11 through a sealed bearing. The drain pipe 9 passes through the hollow rotating shaft 503 at the upper end of the bracket 4. The first rotary connector 10 is located above the second rotary connector 11, and the surface of the second rotary connector 11 has an opening for the liquid outlet of the third inner tube 902 to pass through, thereby ensuring that the liquid outlet of the third inner tube 902 can be connected to the first rotary connector 10. While the ball assembly 6 rotates, the rotating shaft 503 and the drain pipe 9 will rotate, but the first rotary connector 10 and the second rotary connector 11 will remain stationary. The first rotary connector 10 is used to drain water, and the second rotary connector 11 is used to drain oil.

[0066] Reference Figure 13 In a preferred embodiment, the drive assembly 5 includes a motor 501 fixed to the top of the bracket 4. The output end of the motor 501 is fixedly connected to a drive gear 502. The drive gear 502 meshes with a driven gear 504 on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 503. The motor 501 can drive the drive gear 502, the driven gear 504, the rotating shaft 503 and the longitudinal frame 601 to rotate.

[0067] Reference Figures 8-10In a preferred embodiment, a small air pump 12 is installed on the surface of the heat insulation plate 603. The air outlet of the small air pump 12 is connected to the air inlet 13 of the longitudinal frame 601. The longitudinal frame 601 and the transverse frame 602 are both hollow structures and are interconnected. An exhaust port 14 is provided on the lower surface of the transverse frame 602, and the exhaust port 14 faces the heat dissipation seam 613.

[0068] Specifically, to ensure that the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel 604 remains at a safe operating temperature, existing capillary cooling technology can be used. Transparent capillaries are placed on the back of the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel 604 for water cooling. The capillaries and associated circulation pumps are not shown in the drawings; these components can be placed on the surface of the heat insulation plate 603. Simultaneously, a small air pump 12 designed in this application can be used to introduce airflow into the hollow longitudinal frame 601 and transverse frame 602, and eject it from the exhaust port 14 on the lower surface of the transverse frame 602, thereby cooling the heat on the back of the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel 604. This also allows for air cooling of the capillaries. The ejected cooling airflow can be discharged from the heat dissipation seam 613 (e.g., ...). Figure 9 and Figure 10 (As shown by the arrow in the image), effectively improving the overall heat dissipation efficiency.

[0069] Reference Figure 1 In a preferred embodiment, the liquid outlet of the first rotary connector 10 is connected to a four-way pipe 15 via a pipeline. The three liquid outlets of the four-way pipe 15 are respectively connected to a cascade hot water storage tank 17 via a solenoid valve 16. The three liquid outlets of the cascade hot water storage tank 17 are respectively connected to a four-way valve 19 via a first connecting pipe 18. The liquid outlet of the four-way valve 19 is connected to a heat pump 20. The cascade hot water storage tank 17 is divided into three independent liquid storage areas from bottom to top, namely a high-temperature liquid storage area, a medium-temperature liquid storage area, and a low-temperature liquid storage area.

[0070] Specifically, the water discharged through the first rotary connector 10 can be pumped into the cascade hot water storage tank 17 for storage. The outlet of the first rotary connector 10 can be equipped with a temperature sensing module to detect the temperature of the discharged water and a controller to control the opening and closing of the corresponding solenoid valves 16, so as to classify and store water of different temperatures. For example, if the temperature sensing module detects that the outlet water temperature is above 80 degrees, the controller controls the solenoid valves 16 of the medium-temperature storage zone and the low-temperature storage zone to close, and the solenoid valve 16 of the high-temperature storage zone to open, so that the high-temperature water is fed into the high-temperature storage zone for storage. Similarly, water of 50-80 degrees is stored in the medium-temperature storage zone, and water below 50 degrees is stored in the low-temperature storage zone. In this way, cascade heat storage can be achieved, and with the four-way valve 19 and the heat pump 20, different water needs can be met.

[0071] It is worth noting that the cascade hot water storage tank 17 must be equipped with a pressure relief valve to avoid excessive internal pressure and potential safety hazards. The three temperature storage zones of the cascade hot water storage tank 17 are isolated by a heat insulation layer to prevent heat from being conducted to each other. In case of insufficient sunlight, such as on cloudy days, the heat pump 20 can assist in heating the water source to the specified temperature for use.

[0072] Furthermore, the liquid outlet end of the second rotary connector 11 is connected to an oil storage tank 21. The oil that has been heated by photothermal heating according to this application can be stored in the subsequent oil storage tank 21 for industrial heating. This application can select different heat exchange media according to the application scenario to meet different application requirements. The double-layer preheating pipe 201 is not limited to water and oil. Other heat exchange media should be within the protection scope of this application if feasible.

[0073] Furthermore, the high-temperature liquid storage area of ​​the cascade hot water storage tank 17 is connected to the electrolyzer 23 and the hydrogen storage tank 24 through the second connecting pipe 22. This application can also use photothermal energy to heat ultrapure water, thereby meeting the conditions for industrial hydrogen production and enriching the functionality of this application. The hydrogen production technology is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0074] The spiral heat exchange tube 606 and the straight heat exchange tube 609 in the above technical solution are only two preferred implementation methods of this application. In actual production and use, they can be selectively replaced according to the production difficulty and cost budget. For example, they can be replaced with existing heat exchange products such as vacuum heat collection tubes and plate heat exchangers. Such conventional technical replacements are also within the protection scope of this application. As for the pipeline connection method, conventional means can be used to improve it, which will not be elaborated here.

[0075] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic and high-efficiency thermal collector split-screen solar sphere system based on flexible batteries, comprising a base (1), characterized in that, The base (1) has a preheating component (2) and a light refraction component (3) arranged from the outside to the inside. A bracket (4) is fixed at the center of the base (1). The bracket (4) is rotatably connected to a sphere component (6) through a rotating shaft (503). The top of the bracket (4) drives the sphere component (6) to rotate through a driving component (5). The sphere component (6) has a photovoltaic area and a photothermal area arranged from top to bottom. A heat insulation plate (603) is arranged between the photovoltaic area and the photothermal area. The photovoltaic area includes a transparent flexible photovoltaic panel (604), the surface of which is coated with an optical thin film for utilizing visible light and infrared light in separate wavelengths; The heat exchange medium is first preheated by light through the preheating component (2), and then passed into the photothermal zone. Then, infrared light shines through the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel (604) into the photothermal zone for heat exchange of the medium, and the light refraction component (3) further reflects the light to the photothermal zone to enhance heat exchange. A transparent protective shell (610) is installed on the outer surface of the solar thermal zone, and a heat dissipation seam (613) is provided between the transparent protective shell (610) and the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel (604) for heat dissipation of the photovoltaic zone; The transparent protective shell (610) and the heat insulation plate (603) form a heat insulation structure to retain the heat of the light and heat zone. The transparent protective shell (610) and the heat insulation plate (603) form a "Z"-shaped rainproof structure, and the spherical component (6) is inclined to accelerate drainage.

2. The photovoltaic and high-efficiency thermal collector split-screen solar sphere system based on flexible batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preheating component (2) includes a double-layer preheating pipe (201) embedded in the surface of the base (1) in a spiral shape. Oil and water are respectively introduced into the double-layer preheating pipe (201). One end of the double-layer preheating pipe (201) is provided with a liquid inlet (202). The surface of the double-layer preheating pipe (201) is covered with a heat-absorbing protective plate (203).

3. The photovoltaic and high-efficiency thermal collector split-screen solar sphere system based on flexible batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light refraction component (3) includes a reflective bracket (301) fixed to the surface of the base (1), a reflective lens (302) is arranged on the outer surface of the reflective bracket (301), and a drain port (303) is opened at the bottom of the reflective bracket (301).

4. The photovoltaic and high-efficiency thermal collector split-screen solar sphere system based on flexible batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spherical assembly (6) includes a longitudinal frame (601) rotatably mounted on a bracket (4), a transverse frame (602) is provided in the top third of the longitudinal frame (601), the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel (604) is arranged at the position of the transverse frame (602), the heat insulation plate (603) is fixed inside the transverse frame (602), and a spiral heat exchange tube (606) or a heat exchange straight tube (609) is arranged inside the longitudinal frame (601).

5. A photovoltaic and high-efficiency thermal collector split-screen solar sphere system based on flexible batteries according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spiral heat exchange tube (606) is fixed in the limiting groove (605) inside the longitudinal frame (601). The heat exchange straight tube (609) is arranged in a rectangular array in the support plate frame (608). The support plate frame (608) is arranged obliquely inside the longitudinal frame (601) by the support bracket (607) and is distributed in a ring array. Both the spiral heat exchange tube (606) and the heat exchange straight tube (609) are located below the transparent flexible photovoltaic panel (604).

6. A photovoltaic and high-efficiency thermal collector split-screen solar sphere system based on flexible batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two sets of transparent protective shells (610) are provided. The two sets of transparent protective shells (610) are spliced ​​together by fixed connectors (611) and covered on the outer surface of the longitudinal frame (601). An annular protrusion (612) is provided on the top of the transparent protective shell (610). The top of the annular protrusion (612) is attached to the lower surface of the heat insulation plate (603).

7. A photovoltaic and high-efficiency thermal collector split-screen solar sphere system based on flexible batteries according to claim 6, characterized in that, The liquid outlet end of the double-layer preheating tube (201) is rotatably connected to the first liquid inlet pipe (7), the liquid outlet end of the first liquid inlet pipe (7) is connected to the liquid inlet end of the spiral heat exchange tube (606) or the heat exchange straight tube (609), and the liquid outlet end of the spiral heat exchange tube (606) or the heat exchange straight tube (609) is connected to the drain pipe (9) through the second liquid inlet pipe (8). The first inlet pipe (7) is composed of an outer first outer pipe (701) and an inner first inner pipe (702); Both the spiral heat exchange tube (606) and the straight heat exchange tube (609) are composed of a metal inner tube (Ba), a transparent outer tube (Aa), and a heat absorption layer (Ca), which are distributed from the inside to the outside. The second inlet pipe (8) is composed of an outer second outer pipe (801) and an inner second inner pipe (802); The drain pipe (9) consists of an outer third outer pipe (901) and an inner third inner pipe (902).

8. A photovoltaic and high-efficiency thermal collector split-screen solar sphere system based on flexible batteries according to claim 7, characterized in that, The oil passage inside the first outer tube (701) and the double-layer preheating tube (201) is rotatably connected through a sealed bearing, and the water passage inside the first inner tube (702) and the double-layer preheating tube (201) is rotatably connected through a sealed bearing. The inlet end of the metal inner tube (Ba) is connected to the first inner tube (702), the inlet end of the transparent outer tube (Aa) is connected to the first outer tube (701), the outlet end of the metal inner tube (Ba) is connected to the second inner tube (802), and the outlet end of the transparent outer tube (Aa) is connected to the second outer tube (801). The liquid outlet of the second inner tube (802) is connected to the third inner tube (902), and the liquid outlet of the second outer tube (801) is connected to the third outer tube (901); The liquid outlet of the third inner tube (902) is connected to the first rotary connector (10) through a sealed bearing, and the liquid outlet of the third outer tube (901) is rotatably connected to the second rotary connector (11) through a sealed bearing.

9. A photovoltaic and high-efficiency thermal collector split-screen solar sphere system based on flexible batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly (5) includes a motor (501) fixed to the top of the bracket (4). The output end of the motor (501) is fixedly connected to a drive gear (502). The drive gear (502) meshes with a driven gear (504) on the outer surface of the rotating shaft (503). The rotating shaft (503) is a hollow structure. A small air pump (12) is installed on the surface of the heat insulation plate (603). The air outlet of the small air pump (12) is connected to the air inlet (13) of the longitudinal frame (601). The longitudinal frame (601) and the transverse frame (602) are both hollow structures and are interconnected. An exhaust port (14) is opened on the lower surface of the transverse frame (602). The exhaust port (14) faces the heat dissipation seam (613).

10. A photovoltaic and high-efficiency thermal collector split-screen solar sphere system based on flexible batteries according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first rotary connector (10) is connected to a four-way pipe (15) through a pipeline at its liquid outlet end. The three liquid outlet ends of the four-way pipe (15) are connected to a tiered hot water storage tank (17) through a solenoid valve (16). The three liquid outlet ends of the tiered hot water storage tank (17) are connected to a four-way valve (19) through a first connecting pipe (18). The liquid outlet of the four-way valve (19) is connected to a heat pump (20). The tiered hot water storage tank (17) is divided into three independent liquid storage areas from bottom to top, namely a high-temperature liquid storage area, a medium-temperature liquid storage area, and a low-temperature liquid storage area. The liquid outlet of the second rotary connector (11) is connected to an oil storage tank (21); The high-temperature liquid storage area of ​​the cascade hot water storage tank (17) is connected to an electrolytic cell (23) and a hydrogen storage tank (24) via a second connecting pipe (22).

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