Experimental device and method for monitoring caving morphological characteristics of roof coal rock in coal mine goaf

Abstract

According to the coal mine goaf roof coal rock caving morphological characteristic monitoring experiment device and method, the coal rock caving process of an underground coal mine goaf roof can be highly restored, the coal rock caving dynamic form and data obtained after stable falling are captured in real time, and the accuracy and reliability of an experiment result are improved. The device comprises a goaf module, a roadway module, a simulated coal rock throwing module and a monitoring module. The goaf module is used for simulating a coal mine goaf roof caving space, and the top is provided with an opening for throwing simulated coal rock; the roadway module is connected with the goaf module and used for simulating the actual roadway environment. The simulated coal rock putting module is arranged above the opening of the goaf module and is used for putting simulated coal rocks with different parameters into the goaf module; the monitoring module is installed in the connection area of the goaf module and the roadway module and used for collecting image data of the simulated coal rock in the caving process and after the simulated coal rock stably falls and transmitting the image data to the data processing end.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of coal mining simulation technology, and in particular to an experimental device and method for monitoring the morphological characteristics of coal and rock collapse in the roof of a coal mine goaf. Background Art

[0002] In the coal mining industry, the stability of underground mine tunnels and the management of goaf areas have always been key to ensuring safe production and improving mining efficiency. With the increasing depth and intensity of coal mining, the study of underground tunnels and goaf areas has become increasingly important. Accurately understanding the patterns and patterns of coal and rock collapse in goaf areas of underground coal mines, as well as their impact on the stability of the surrounding rock mass, requires extensive simulation experiments to provide technical and data support for safe and efficient coal mining.

[0003] Currently, traditional simulation experimental devices for studying underground coal mine tunnels and goafs have numerous drawbacks. Most devices struggle to accurately reproduce the coal and rock collapse process, resulting in overly simplistic patterns and significant limitations in experimental results, significantly reducing the reliability and application value of the research findings.

[0004] Therefore, in order to improve the accuracy of simulation experiments, a simulation experiment device that can truly reproduce the entire process of coal rock collapse is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides an experimental device and method for monitoring the morphological characteristics of coal rock collapse in the roof of a coal mine goaf, which can highly restore the coal rock collapse process in the roof of a coal mine goaf, capture the dynamic morphology of coal rock collapse and the data after stable settlement in real time, and improve the accuracy and reliability of the experimental results.

[0006] In the first aspect, an experimental device for monitoring the morphological characteristics of coal and rock collapse in the goaf area of ​​a coal mine is provided, which includes a goaf module, a roadway module, a simulated coal and rock placement module, and a monitoring module;

[0007] The goaf module is used to simulate the roof collapse space in the goaf of a coal mine, and has an opening on the top for dropping simulated coal and rock;

[0008] The tunnel module is connected to the goaf module to simulate the actual tunnel environment;

[0009] The simulated coal rock delivery module is arranged above the opening of the goaf module and is used to deliver simulated coal rock with different parameters into the goaf module. The parameters of the simulated coal rock include particle size and / or material.

[0010] The monitoring module is installed in the connection area between the goaf module and the tunnel module. It is used to collect image data of simulated coal rock during the collapse process and after the simulated coal rock has settled stably, and transmit the image data to the data processing end, which is used to analyze the image data of the simulated coal rock.

[0011] In a feasible design, the simulated coal and rock feeding module includes a vertically penetrating cylindrical shell, a material stirring fan blade fixing unit, a material stirring fan blade driving unit, a material stirring fan blade rotating shaft, at least two simulated coal and rock material stirring fan blades, a porous screening plate and a material feeding unit;

[0012] A feed port is provided at the top of the cylindrical shell, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical shell, which is connected to the opening of the goaf module. A material stirring fan fixing unit, a material stirring fan driving unit, a material stirring fan rotating shaft, at least two simulated coal and rock material stirring fan blades and a porous screening plate are provided in the cylindrical shell;

[0013] The material stirring blade fixing unit includes a first crossbeam and a connecting rod. The two ends of the first crossbeam are fixed to both sides of the feed port of the cylindrical shell. One end of the connecting rod is vertically connected to the first crossbeam, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to one end of the material stirring blade driving unit.

[0014] The other end of the material stirring fan blade drive unit is connected to the material stirring fan blade rotating shaft, and is used to drive the simulated coal and rock material stirring fan blades to rotate through the material stirring fan blade rotating shaft. The material stirring fan blade drive unit receives remote instructions through wireless communication to realize the start and stop switching of the working state;

[0015] Each simulated coal rock material stirring blade is fixedly connected to the material stirring blade rotating shaft and is used to stir simulated coal rocks with different parameters;

[0016] The porous screening plate is arranged below the rotating shaft of the material stirring blade, the outer wall of the porous screening plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell, and the porous screening plate is provided with a first number of sieve holes of different apertures;

[0017] The material delivery unit includes a first number of controllable material delivery gates, which include a pair of fan-shaped gate plates that can move relative to each other and an electric-controlled drive mechanism. The electric-controlled drive mechanism is installed between the two fan-shaped gate plates. The electric-controlled drive mechanism receives remote instructions through wireless communication to control the opening and closing angles and opening and closing rates of the fan-shaped gate plates. The controllable material delivery gate is fixed to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell through the electric-controlled drive mechanism. The area formed by the fan-shaped gate plates and the adjacent fan-shaped gate plates corresponds to the sieve holes of the porous screening plate. The fan-shaped gate plates and the adjacent fan-shaped gate plates do not belong to the same controllable material delivery gate.

[0018] In one possible design, the monitoring module includes a three-dimensional laser monitoring unit;

[0019] The three-dimensional laser monitoring unit is installed in the connection area between the goaf module and the tunnel module. It is used to collect the three-dimensional spatial distribution data of the simulated coal rock accumulation after collapse, and transmit the three-dimensional spatial distribution data to the data processing end.

[0020] In a feasible design, the goaf module is constructed by using wire mesh to surround a rectangular angle steel frame, and the top of the rectangular angle steel frame is provided with an opening communicating with the interior space.

[0021] In one possible design, the tunnel modules are supported by an arched wire frame and covered with wire mesh.

[0022] In one possible design, the outer surface of the goaf module is covered with a light-shielding material.

[0023] In one possible design, the outer surface of the tunnel module is covered with a light-blocking material.

[0024] In a feasible design, the monitoring module includes a video monitoring unit for collecting image data of the falling trajectory and dynamic shape of the simulated coal rock during the collapse process, as well as image data of the static state of the simulated coal rock after it has settled stably, and transmitting each image data to the data processing end;

[0025] The video monitoring unit includes a first retractable bracket and a camera. The first retractable bracket is installed in the connection area between the goaf module and the tunnel module, and the camera is fixed on the first retractable bracket.

[0026] In a feasible design, the three-dimensional laser monitoring unit includes a second retractable bracket and a three-dimensional laser scanner. The second retractable bracket is installed in the connection area between the goaf module and the tunnel module, and the three-dimensional laser scanner is fixed on the second retractable bracket.

[0027] In a second aspect, an experimental method for monitoring the morphological characteristics of coal and rock collapse in a coal mine goaf roof is provided, which is applied to the device described in the above example, and the method includes the following steps:

[0028] S1: Assemble the goaf module, roadway module, simulated coal and rock delivery module, and monitoring module that meet the experimental requirements, and connect the monitoring module to the data processing end for communication. The goaf module is connected to the roadway module, the simulated coal and rock delivery module is fixed above the opening at the top of the goaf module, and the monitoring module is installed in the connection area between the goaf module and the roadway module.

[0029] S2, debug the device and check whether each module is operating normally. If normal, execute S3, S4 and S5. If not, troubleshoot and repair the device until each module is operating normally.

[0030] S3, controlling the simulated coal rock delivery module to deliver simulated coal rock of the same particle size and material. During the delivery process, the monitoring module collects image data of the simulated coal rock during the collapse process. After the simulated coal rock settles, the monitoring module collects image data of the simulated coal rock in a static state. The image data are transmitted to the data processing end, and the data processing end analyzes the morphology and data change pattern of the coal rock that has collapsed in the goaf of the underground coal mine under the single variable experiment;

[0031] S4: Control the simulated coal and rock delivery module to mix and deliver simulated coal and rock with different parameter combinations according to a preset ratio. The parameter combination includes particle size parameters and material parameters. The monitoring module collects image data of the simulated coal and rock during the collapse process. After the simulated coal and rock settle, the monitoring module collects image data of the simulated coal and rock in a static state. The image data are transmitted to the data processing end. The data processing end analyzes the morphology and data change law of the coal and rock in the goaf of the underground coal mine under the multivariate experiment, and compares the experimental data under the single variable experiment with the experimental data under the multivariate experiment to analyze the influence of different parameter combinations on the morphology and experimental data of the coal and rock in the goaf. The experimental data is the morphology and data change law of the coal and rock in the goaf of the underground coal mine;

[0032] S5: Based on the analysis results of the data processing end under the single-variable experiment and the multi-variable experiment, determine whether the coal rock collapse morphological characteristics meet the preset indicators. If so, verify the simulation effect of the experimental device. If not, adjust the parameters of the simulated coal rock or the preset proportions of different parameter combinations until the coal rock collapse morphological characteristics meet the preset indicators.

[0033] In the experimental device provided by this application, the goaf module and the roadway module jointly construct a physical scene that highly matches the actual underground coal mine environment, simulating the roof collapse space and the mechanical characteristics of the roadway. The simulated coal and rock delivery module accurately simulates the influence of geological conditions on the collapse process by controlling the parameters of coal and rock with different particle sizes and materials, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the experimental results. The monitoring module continuously collects image data during the collapse process and the stable phase, completely covering the dynamic movement trajectory and static accumulation morphology of the coal and rock. It can effectively and in real time record the collapse process and its results, making the data processing end more accurate in analyzing the collapse process and results of the goaf roof rock. In this case, the video and images collected by the camera, combined with image processing technology, can also truly reflect the objective laws. The various modules of the experimental device work together to restore the real underground environment. Through parameterized delivery and full-cycle monitoring, it overcomes the limitations of traditional experimental devices in dynamic reproduction and data integrity. Through the experimental device provided by this application, researchers can gain a deeper understanding of the morphological characteristics of coal and rock collapse in the goaf of coal mines, providing strong support for coal mine production safety.

[0034] In the experimental device provided by this application, the goaf module and the roadway module jointly construct a physical scene that highly matches the actual underground coal mine environment, simulating the roof collapse space and the mechanical characteristics of the roadway. The simulated coal and rock delivery module accurately simulates the influence of geological conditions on the collapse process by controlling the parameters of coal and rock with different particle sizes and materials, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the experimental results. The monitoring module continuously collects image data during the collapse process and the stable phase, completely covering the dynamic movement trajectory and static accumulation morphology of the coal and rock. It can effectively and in real time record the collapse process and its results, making the data processing end more accurate in analyzing the collapse process and results of the goaf roof rock. In this case, the video and images collected by the camera, combined with image processing technology, can also truly reflect the objective laws. The various modules of the experimental device work together to restore the real underground environment. Through parameterized delivery and full-cycle monitoring, it overcomes the limitations of traditional experimental devices in dynamic reproduction and data integrity. Through the experimental device provided by this application, researchers can gain a deeper understanding of the morphological characteristics of coal and rock collapse in the goaf of coal mines, providing strong support for coal mine production safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an experimental device for monitoring the morphological characteristics of coal and rock collapse in a coal mine goaf roof, provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a top view of a material delivery unit provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of an experimental device for monitoring the morphological characteristics of coal and rock collapse in a coal mine goaf roof provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working status of an experimental device for monitoring the morphological characteristics of coal and rock collapse in the roof of a coal mine goaf provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Marking Description:

[0041] 1. Goaf module; 2. Roadway module; 3. Coal and rock simulation module; 4. Monitoring module;

[0042] 11. Sensor installation area; 31. Cylindrical housing; 32. Material mixing fan fixing unit; 33. Material mixing fan drive unit; 34. Material mixing fan rotating shaft; 35. Simulated coal and rock material mixing fan; 36. Multi-hole screening plate; 37. Material feeding unit;

[0043] 321, first crossbeam; 322, connecting rod; 331, engine; 332, motor; 371, controllable material delivery gate;

[0044] 3711. Fan-shaped gate; 3712. Electric control drive mechanism; 3713. Hinge; 3714. Rotating shaft; 3715. Hall angle sensor; 3716. Micro motor; 3717. Coupling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] Currently, traditional simulation experimental devices for research on underground coal mine tunnels and goafs have numerous shortcomings. In terms of simulation realism, most devices struggle to accurately replicate the rock collapse process, resulting in a single pattern in experimental results and significant limitations. In terms of functional integrity, some experimental devices are unable to effectively record the collapse process and its consequences, making the analysis of the goaf roof rock collapse process and results inaccurate. In this case, the video and images captured by cameras, combined with image processing technology, are difficult to accurately reflect objective patterns. In terms of experimental efficiency and accuracy, existing experimental devices have complex operating procedures, high costs, and difficulty in rapid adjustment and modification to meet different experimental requirements. Furthermore, these devices are inadequate in simulating the actual mechanical properties and deformation conditions of underground coal mines, making it difficult to meet the high demands for experimental data from the rapid development of coal mining technology.

[0047] In view of the above problems, this application proposes a monitoring experimental device and its corresponding experimental method which has a simple structure, low cost, easy operation, and can effectively simulate the morphological characteristics of coal rock collapse in the goaf area of ​​underground coal mines. Figure 1 As shown, the device includes a goaf module 1, a roadway module 2, a simulated coal and rock delivery module 3 and a monitoring module 4;

[0048] Goaf module 1 is used to simulate the roof collapse space in the goaf of a coal mine, and has an opening on the top for dropping simulated coal and rock;

[0049] The tunnel module 2 is connected to the goaf module 1 and is used to simulate the actual tunnel environment;

[0050] The simulated coal rock delivery module 3 is arranged above the opening of the goaf module 1 and is used to deliver simulated coal rock with different parameters into the goaf module 1. The parameters of the simulated coal rock include particle size and / or material.

[0051] The monitoring module 4 is installed in the connection area between the goaf module 1 and the tunnel module 2, and is used to collect image data of the simulated coal rock during the collapse process and after the simulated coal rock has settled stably, and transmit each image data to the data processing end, which is used to analyze the image data of the simulated coal rock.

[0052] Among them, the data processing end uses professional data processing software to analyze, integrate and store data, providing strong support for subsequent experimental research and results analysis.

[0053] In the experimental device provided by this application, the goaf module and the roadway module jointly construct a physical scene that highly matches the actual underground coal mine environment, simulating the roof collapse space and the mechanical characteristics of the roadway. The simulated coal and rock delivery module accurately simulates the influence of geological conditions on the collapse process by controlling the parameters of coal and rock with different particle sizes and materials, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the experimental results. The monitoring module continuously collects image data during the collapse process and the stable phase, completely covering the dynamic movement trajectory and static accumulation morphology of the coal and rock. It can effectively and in real time record the collapse process and its results, making the data processing end more accurate in analyzing the collapse process and results of the goaf roof rock. In this case, the video and images collected by the camera, combined with image processing technology, can also truly reflect the objective laws. The various modules of the experimental device work together to restore the real underground environment. Through parameterized delivery and full-cycle monitoring, it overcomes the limitations of traditional experimental devices in dynamic reproduction and data integrity. Through the experimental device provided by this application, researchers can gain a deeper understanding of the morphological characteristics of coal and rock collapse in the goaf of coal mines, providing strong support for coal mine production safety.

[0054] In a feasible design, the simulated coal and rock feeding module includes a vertically penetrating cylindrical shell 31, a material stirring blade fixing unit 32, a material stirring blade driving unit 33, a material stirring blade rotating shaft 34, at least two simulated coal and rock material stirring blades 35, a porous screening plate 36 and a material feeding unit 37;

[0055] A feed port is provided at the top of the cylindrical shell 31, and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the cylindrical shell 31, which is connected to the opening of the goaf module 1. The cylindrical shell 31 is provided with a material stirring blade fixing unit 32, a material stirring blade driving unit 33, a material stirring blade rotating shaft 34, at least two simulated coal and rock material stirring blades 35 and a porous screening plate 36;

[0056] The material stirring blade fixing unit 32 includes a first crossbeam 321 and a connecting rod 322. The two ends of the first crossbeam 321 are fixed to both sides of the feed port of the cylindrical shell. One end of the connecting rod is vertically connected to the first crossbeam 321, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to one end of the material stirring blade driving unit 33.

[0057] The other end of the material stirring blade drive unit 33 is connected to the material stirring blade rotating shaft 34, which is used to drive the simulated coal and rock material stirring blades 35 to rotate through the material stirring blade rotating shaft 34. The material stirring blade drive unit 33 receives remote instructions through wireless communication to realize the start and stop switching of the working state;

[0058] Each simulated coal rock material stirring blade 35 is fixedly connected to the material stirring blade rotating shaft 34 and is used to stir simulated coal rocks with different parameters;

[0059] The porous screening plate 36 is disposed below the material stirring blade rotating shaft 34. The outer wall of the porous screening plate 36 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell 31. The porous screening plate 36 is provided with a first number of sieve holes of different apertures.

[0060] The material delivery unit 37 includes a first number of controllable material delivery gates 371. The controllable material delivery gate 371 includes a pair of fan-shaped gate plates 3711 that can move relative to each other and an electric-controlled drive mechanism 3712. The electric-controlled drive mechanism 3712 is installed between the two fan-shaped gate plates 3711. The electric-controlled drive mechanism 3712 receives remote instructions through wireless communication to control the opening and closing angles and opening and closing rates of the fan-shaped gate plates 3711. The controllable material delivery gate 371 is fixed to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell 31 through the electric-controlled drive mechanism 3712. The area formed by the fan-shaped gate plates and the adjacent fan-shaped gate plates corresponds to the sieve holes of the porous screening plate. The fan-shaped gate plates and the adjacent fan-shaped gate plates do not belong to the same controllable material delivery gate.

[0061] Among them, controlling the opening and closing angle and opening and closing rate of the fan-shaped gate 3711 can adjust the falling rate and distribution range of the simulated coal rock from the porous screening plate 36.

[0062] The first number is set according to actual needs, for example, 4.

[0063] The number of the simulated coal-rock material stirring blades 35 is set according to actual needs, for example, 4. The angle between two adjacent blades is set according to actual needs.

[0064] Exemplarily, the material mixing fan drive unit 33 includes an engine 331 and a motor 332. The engine 331 provides power, and the motor 332 precisely adjusts the speed to ensure that the mixing effect meets preset parameters. The engine 331 can be remotely controlled by the data processing end via wireless communication to start and stop.

[0065] For example, the interior of the connecting rod 322 is hollow, the interior of the material stirring blade rotating shaft 34 is hollow, and the engine 331 is connected to an external power source via a power cord. The power cord of the engine 331 is laid through the hollow structure of the connecting rod 322 and the material stirring blade rotating shaft 34 to ensure that the power cord is not affected by stirring.

[0066] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the electrically controlled drive mechanism 3712 is an electric hinge structure, comprising a hinge 3713, a rotating shaft 3714, a Hall effect angle sensor 3715, an embedded micromotor 3716, and a coupling 3717. Both the Hall effect angle sensor 3715 and the micromotor 3716 can communicate with the data processing end via wireless communication. The hinge 3713 is bolted to the fan-shaped gate plate 3711. The output shaft of the micromotor 3716 is connected to the hinge's rotating shaft 3714 via a coupling 3717. Rotation of the hinge's rotating shaft 3714 drives the hinge 3713 to open and close, controlling the opening and closing rate and angle. The Hall effect angle sensor 3715, mounted on the rotating shaft 3714, provides real-time feedback on the opening and closing angle to the data processing end. The data processing end stores the target opening and closing angle. When the opening and closing angle reported by the Hall effect angle sensor 3715 reaches the target opening and closing angle, the data processing end controls the micromotor 3716 via wireless communication to stop. The micro motor 3716 can be embedded in the fan-shaped gate 3711 or the hinge 3713. The two ends of the hinge's rotating shaft 3714 extend into the inner wall of the cylindrical housing 31, serving as a crossbeam to fix the controllable material feeding gate 371. The two opposing controllable material feeding gates 371 share the same rotating shaft.

[0067] It should be understood that the start and stop of the micro motor 3716 can also be manually controlled remotely on the data processing end (in this case, there is no need to install a Hall angle sensor), and the opening and closing angle of the hinge can be determined based on experience.

[0068] Exemplarily, the power supply of the micro motor 3716 is embedded in the fan-shaped gate 3711, and the power supply of the micro motor 3716 is charged wirelessly without being removed.

[0069] It should be noted that, since the two relative controllable material delivery gates 371 share the same rotating shaft, the two micro motors 3716 of the two relative controllable material delivery gates 371 work synchronously, and the data of the two Hall angle sensors 3715 of the two relative controllable material delivery gates 371 are the same.

[0070] Exemplarily, the electric hinge structure further includes a flexible hinge, and the flexible hinge of the hinge is welded between the rotating shaft and the hinge blades.

[0071] The working process of the coal and rock placement simulation module in this example is as follows:

[0072] The simulated coal rock enters from the feed port of the cylindrical shell 31 and falls onto the porous screening plate 36. Figure 3 As shown, the material stirring blade driving unit 33 drives the rotating shaft 34 to drive at least two simulated coal rock material stirring blades 35 to rotate and stir the simulated coal rock. During the stirring process, the simulated coal rock falls through the sieve holes of the corresponding aperture to the controllable material delivery gate 371, thereby achieving the continuity and randomness of the simulated coal rock delivery. After receiving the instruction, the electric control drive mechanism 3712 of the controllable material delivery gate 371 controls a pair of fan-shaped gates 3711 to move relative to each other. The opening and closing angles and opening and closing rates of a pair of fan-shaped gates 3711 are adjusted by the electric control drive mechanism 3712, so that the simulated coal rock of the corresponding aperture falls to the goaf module 1. Among them, the opening and closing angles of the fan-shaped gates 3711 affect the distribution range of the simulated coal rock, and the opening and closing rate of the fan-shaped gates 3711 affect the falling rate of the simulated coal rock. As shown Figure 4 As shown, after the pair of fan-shaped gates 3711 of the controllable material delivery gate 371 are closed, the simulated coal rock can fall into the goaf module 1 after passing through the porous screening plate 36. By randomly controlling the operation of the controllable material delivery gate 371, the random delivery of the simulated coal rock is achieved.

[0073] In the above example, the different apertures of the porous screening plate 36 can screen out simulated coal and rock of different particle sizes, ensuring that the materials put in meet the experimental requirements and actual geological conditions. According to the experimental requirements, the experimenter can remotely adjust the opening and closing angle and rate of the fan-shaped gate 3711 through the electric control drive mechanism 3712, thereby accurately controlling the falling rate and spatial distribution range of the material, accurately reproducing the rock collapse process, and further improving the authenticity of the collapse process of the simulated coal and rock roof in the goaf. In addition, after the simulated coal and rock are put into the simulated coal and rock delivery module, the simulated coal and rock material stirring fan blades 35 are driven to rotate by remotely controlling the material stirring fan drive unit 33 to stir the simulated coal and rock, and the simulated coal and rock are put into the controllable material delivery gate 371 by remote control, thereby completing the collapse simulation of the simulated coal and rock. It can be seen that the device provided by the present application has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy to operate.

[0074] In addition, the experimental device provided by this application supports the rapid adjustment of the proportion of simulated coal and rock with different particle sizes according to actual needs; supports changing the material distribution range by changing the gate opening and closing angle according to experimental needs, simulating different collapse diffusion radii; supports changing the material delivery per unit time by changing the gate opening and closing frequency according to experimental needs, simulating the collapse speed under different roof pressure conditions. Therefore, the simulated coal and rock delivery module of the above example can be quickly adjusted and changed according to different experimental needs, reducing the complexity and cost of experimental operations. At the same time, by precisely controlling the opening and closing angles and opening and closing rates of the fan-shaped gate 3711, as well as the proportion of simulated coal and rock with different particle sizes, the mechanical properties and deformation conditions of the underground mine can be highly restored, meeting the demand for high-precision experimental data in coal mining technology.

[0075] For example, an area 11 for installing sensors is preset in the goaf module 1, and the sensors can be selected according to experimental requirements.

[0076] In a feasible design, the monitoring module 4 includes a three-dimensional laser monitoring unit;

[0077] The three-dimensional laser monitoring unit is installed in the connection area between the goaf module and the tunnel module. It is used to collect the three-dimensional spatial distribution data of the simulated coal rock accumulation after collapse, and transmit the three-dimensional spatial distribution data to the data processing end.

[0078] The above example uses a three-dimensional laser monitoring unit to collect three-dimensional spatial distribution data of the accumulation of simulated coal rock collapse, which can help the data processing end to accurately analyze the accumulation morphology and spatial distribution pattern of the collapsed coal rock.

[0079] In a feasible design, the three-dimensional laser monitoring unit includes a second retractable bracket and a three-dimensional laser scanner. The second retractable bracket is installed in the connection area between the goaf module and the tunnel module, and the three-dimensional laser scanner is fixed on the second retractable bracket.

[0080] Exemplarily, the three-dimensional laser scanner transmits data to the data processing end via a wireless network or Bluetooth.

[0081] In the example above, the 3D laser scanner is securely mounted at the junction of goaf module 1 and roadway module 2 using a second retractable bracket. This bracket allows for flexible adjustment of the 3D laser scanner's scanning angle and distance, ensuring that the 3D laser scanner accurately captures the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the simulated coal and rock collapse, providing comprehensive and accurate data.

[0082] In a feasible design, the monitoring module 4 includes a video monitoring unit for collecting image data of the falling trajectory and dynamic shape of the simulated coal rock during the collapse process, as well as image data of the static state of the simulated coal rock after it has settled stably, and transmitting each image data to the data processing end;

[0083] The video monitoring unit includes a first retractable bracket and a camera. The first retractable bracket is installed in the connection area between the goaf module 1 and the tunnel module 2, and the camera is fixed on the first retractable bracket.

[0084] Exemplarily, the camera transmits data to the data processing end via a wireless network or Bluetooth.

[0085] In the above example, the camera is securely mounted at the junction of goaf module 1 and roadway module 2 using a first retractable bracket. This bracket allows for flexible adjustment of the camera's shooting angle and distance, ensuring that the camera can capture the dynamic morphology of simulated coal and rock collapse in real time in the dark environment of the underground coal mine goaf, providing comprehensive and accurate data support for the experiment.

[0086] In a feasible design, the goaf module 1 is constructed by surrounding a rectangular parallelepiped angle steel frame with wire mesh, and the top of the rectangular parallelepiped angle steel frame is provided with an opening communicating with the internal space.

[0087] Among them, the size of the rectangular angle steel frame can be set according to experimental requirements.

[0088] In the above example, the goaf module 1 uses an angle steel frame to improve the rigidity of the module. The angle steel frame is tightly covered with wire mesh to ensure a closed experimental environment.

[0089] In a feasible design, the outer surface of the goaf module 1 is covered with light-shielding material.

[0090] In order to simulate the dark environment of an underground coal mine and restore the real scene underground, so as to explore an image processing algorithm that is more suitable for identifying collapsed coal and rock underground in the later data processing, the goaf module 1 performs comprehensive shading processing through shading means.

[0091] In one feasible design, the tunnel module 2 is supported by an arched wire frame and the surface is covered with wire mesh.

[0092] The arch structure design in the above example simulates the mechanical form of the roadway in coal mining, which helps to truly restore the mechanical form of the roadway in coal mining, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the experimental data.

[0093] In a feasible design, the outer surface of the tunnel module 2 is covered with light-shielding material.

[0094] In order to simulate the dark environment of an underground coal mine and restore the real scene underground, so as to explore an image processing algorithm that is more suitable for identifying collapsed coal and rock underground in later data processing, the tunnel module 2 performs comprehensive shading processing through shading means.

[0095] Based on the above experimental device, the present application also provides an experimental method for monitoring the morphological characteristics of coal and rock collapse in the coal mine goaf area, including the following steps:

[0096] S1: Assemble the goaf module, roadway module, simulated coal and rock delivery module, and monitoring module that meet the experimental requirements, and connect the monitoring module to the data processing end for communication. The goaf module is connected to the roadway module, the simulated coal and rock delivery module is fixed above the opening at the top of the goaf module, and the monitoring module is installed in the connection area between the goaf module and the roadway module.

[0097] S2, debug the device and check whether each module is operating normally. If normal, execute S3, S4 and S5. If not, troubleshoot and repair the device until each module is operating normally.

[0098] S3, controlling the simulated coal rock delivery module to deliver simulated coal rock of the same particle size and material. During the delivery process, the monitoring module collects image data of the simulated coal rock during the collapse process. After the simulated coal rock settles, the monitoring module collects image data of the simulated coal rock in a static state. The image data are transmitted to the data processing end, and the data processing end analyzes the morphology and data change pattern of the coal rock that has collapsed in the goaf of the underground coal mine under the single variable experiment;

[0099] S4: Control the simulated coal and rock delivery module to mix and deliver simulated coal and rock with different parameter combinations according to a preset ratio. The parameter combination includes particle size parameters and material parameters. The monitoring module collects image data of the simulated coal and rock during the collapse process. After the simulated coal and rock settle, the monitoring module collects image data of the simulated coal and rock in a static state. The image data are transmitted to the data processing end. The data processing end analyzes the morphology and data change law of the coal and rock in the goaf of the underground coal mine under the multivariate experiment, and compares the experimental data under the single variable experiment with the experimental data under the multivariate experiment to analyze the influence of different parameter combinations on the morphology and experimental data of the coal and rock in the goaf. The experimental data is the morphology and data change law of the coal and rock in the goaf of the underground coal mine;

[0100] S5: Based on the analysis results of the data processing end under the single-variable experiment and the multi-variable experiment, determine whether the coal rock collapse morphological characteristics meet the preset indicators. If so, verify the simulation effect of the experimental device. If not, adjust the parameters of the simulated coal rock or the preset proportions of different parameter combinations until the coal rock collapse morphological characteristics meet the preset indicators.

[0101] The following examples illustrate the simulation of coal and rock with different parameter combinations:

[0102] Assume there are three preset parameter combinations: Parameter combination 1 is particle size 1 + material 1, parameter combination 2 is particle size 2 + material 2, and parameter combination 3 is particle size 3 + material 3, with a preset ratio of 1:3:2. This means that in the simulated coal rock, the ratio of simulated coal rock A with particle size 1 and material 1 is 1 / 6, the ratio of simulated coal rock B with particle size 2 and material 2 is 3 / 6, and the ratio of simulated coal rock C with particle size 3 and material 3 is 2 / 6.

[0103] The following is an example of the experimental method based on the above parameter combination:

[0104] 1. Experimental device construction and installation: According to the experimental site conditions and research objectives, select appropriate number of goaf modules 1, tunnel modules 2, simulated coal and rock delivery modules 3 and other components.

[0105] 1.1. Build goaf module 1: Build the rectangular angle steel frame of goaf module 1, lay wire mesh around the frame, ensure that the top opening size accurately meets the design requirements, and then perform shading treatment on it. You can use blackout cloth to tightly cover all sides of the goaf module.

[0106] 1.2. Build Roadway Module 2: Assemble a rigid wire frame, lay wire mesh on top of it to create an arched space structure, and complete the light-blocking process. Precisely connect Roadway Module 2 to Goaf Module 1, ensuring the connection is secure and meets the requirements of the simulation scenario.

[0107] 1.3. Install the simulated coal and rock delivery module: Secure its columnar structure in a suitable position above the goaf module 1, ensuring that all components are tightly connected and not loose. Connect the simulated coal and rock delivery module 3 to the goaf module 1 so that the simulated coal and rock can be smoothly delivered into the goaf module 1.

[0108] 1.4. Install monitoring module 4 at the junction of goaf module 1 and roadway module 2: Securely fasten the first and second retractable brackets and pre-adjust the mounting positions according to experimental requirements. The first and second retractable brackets can also be the same bracket. Mount the camera and 3D laser scanner on the corresponding retractable brackets. By adjusting the extension length and angle of the first and second retractable brackets, the camera and 3D laser scanner can fully and clearly monitor the coal and rock collapse in the goaf.

[0109] 2. Ensure that the wireless communication or Bluetooth function of the camera and 3D laser scanner is turned on and successfully connected or paired with the data processing end. Check whether the data transmission is normal and test whether the software on the data processing end can accurately receive, analyze, and store the collected data.

[0110] 3. Pre-experimental preparation: Prepare simulated coal and rock of various sizes and materials, and classify and pre-process them according to the experimental design requirements. Screen the simulated coal and rock particles to ensure that their particle size meets the set standards. Label and distinguish the materials simulating different coal and rock types.

[0111] 4. Turn on the power to all parts of the experimental device and fully debug the simulated coal and rock delivery module 3, monitoring module 4, and data processing terminal. Check whether the simulated coal and rock delivery module 3 is functioning properly, and whether the material mixing fan drive unit 33, the material mixing fan rotating shaft 34, and at least two simulated coal and rock material mixing fan blades 35 are operating smoothly. Test the image acquisition and data scanning functions of the camera and 3D laser scanner to check whether the captured images are clear and the data collection is accurate. Check whether the data transmission is stable and whether the data processing software can correctly parse and process the data.

[0112] 5. Conduct a preliminary experiment: Place a small amount of simulated coal and rock into the simulated coal and rock placement module 3 to observe whether the simulated coal and rock placement process is smooth, whether the simulated coal and rock collapse in the goaf module 1 is as expected, and whether the detection equipment can accurately collect data. Based on the preliminary experimental results, fine-tune the parameters of the experimental device, such as adjusting the angle of the retractable support and calibrating the detection equipment, to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the formal experiment.

[0113] 6. Single-variable experimental operation: According to the experimental design, select a simulated coal rock of a specific size and material and place it in the simulated coal rock delivery module 3. Activate the camera's video monitoring function to record the entire dynamic process of the simulated coal rock falling from the delivery port of the simulated coal rock delivery module 3 to the bottom of the goaf module 1, including the simulated coal rock's movement trajectory and mutual collisions. After the simulated coal rock has completely settled at the bottom of the goaf module, switch the camera to image monitoring mode and take a photo of the simulated coal rock in its stationary state within the goaf to obtain a clear image of the simulated coal rock material distribution. Simultaneously, activate a 3D laser scanner to scan the simulated coal rock within the goaf and obtain 3D spatial data of the simulated coal rock, such as its stacking shape, height distribution, and volume. The data collected by the camera and 3D laser scanner are transmitted to the data processing end in real time via wireless network or Bluetooth. On the data processing side, professional data processing software is used to analyze the data, such as analyzing the collapse morphological characteristics of the simulated coal rock (whether it is in a natural accumulation state, accumulation angle, etc.), spatial distribution patterns (location distribution of materials in the goaf, degree of concentration, etc.), and recording the experimental results.

[0114] 7. Multivariate Experimental Procedure: Select various simulated coal rocks of different sizes and materials and place them in varying proportions into the simulated coal rock placement module 3. For example, the simulated coal rock A with particle size 1 and material 1 may be placed in a 1 / 6 ratio, the simulated coal rock B with particle size 2 and material 2 may be placed in a 3 / 6 ratio, and the simulated coal rock C with particle size 3 and material 3 may be placed in a 2 / 6 ratio. The total simulated coal rock placement quantity is also determined. The various simulated coal rocks are then mixed and introduced into the goaf module 1. During the simulated coal rock placement process, a camera continuously monitors the falling dynamics of the mixed simulated coal rock, observing the interactions and movement differences between the different simulated coal rocks. After the simulated coal rock settles, the camera captures images and a 3D laser scanner scans the simulated coal rock, collecting static data of the simulated coal rock in the goaf module 1, similar to the procedures in the single-variable experiment. The collected data is transmitted to the data processing terminal for in-depth analysis using data processing software. The differences in the collapse morphology and spatial distribution data of simulated coal and rock under multivariate experiments and the results of single-variable experiments were compared to study the influence of multiple variables on the characteristics of coal and rock collapse in the goaf of underground coal mines.

[0115] 8. Experimental Optimization and Evaluation: Data from single-variable and multivariable experiments are collated. The morphology and spatial distribution of coal rock collapse in underground coal mine goafs under different experimental conditions are compared, and the trends in experimental results are analyzed. The accumulation angle and volume of the simulated coal rock collapse are observed as the simulated coal rock particle size increases or the material changes. Based on the experimental data analysis, experimental parameters are adjusted accordingly. If significant discrepancies are found between the collapse morphology and the actual situation at a certain simulated coal rock ratio, the proportion of the simulated coal rock in the mixture, the opening and closing angle of the fan-shaped gate, and the rate of opening and closing can be adjusted. If deviations are detected in the collected data, the detection equipment can be recalibrated or its installation position adjusted. The experiment is repeated, repeating the single-variable or multivariable experimental procedures to verify whether the adjusted experimental parameters produce more consistent experimental results. Continuously optimize experimental parameters until the experimental device achieves optimal simulation results (i.e., whether the coal rock collapse morphology meets the preset specifications). This allows the experimental device to accurately simulate the actual situation of coal rock collapse in underground coal mine goafs, providing a reliable experimental basis for coal mining research. Preset indicators include, for example, geometric parameters such as the accumulation height, width, and slope of the collapsed coal rock, as well as the dynamic change rate during the collapse process.

[0116] 9. Post-experiment processing: After the experiment, turn off the power to all parts of the experimental device and stop the operation of the simulated coal and rock delivery module 3 and monitoring module 4. Clean the remaining simulated coal and rock in the experimental device, and clean the goaf module 1, tunnel module 2, and simulated coal and rock delivery module 3 to prevent residual simulated coal and rock from affecting subsequent experiments. Comprehensively organize and back up the experimental data, categorize and store the images and data files collected during the experiment according to the experimental type and experimental conditions, and establish a detailed data archive. Summarize and summarize the data processing results, and write an experimental report that details the experimental purpose, experimental methods, experimental results, and conclusions to provide reference materials for subsequent research.

[0117] Inspect and maintain the experimental device, checking the structural integrity of each module and whether any parts are damaged or loose. Replace damaged parts promptly and tighten any loose parts to ensure the experimental device is in good standby condition for subsequent use.

[0118] It should be noted that, since the simulated coal rock is a sphere, the same particle size of the simulated coal rock means that the simulated coal rock has the same size.

[0119] The experimental method provided in this application constructs a physical space that is highly compatible with the actual underground environment through modular assembly, combines single-variable experiments with multi-variable experiments, accurately controls key variables such as particle size and material, accurately reproduces the collapse mechanical response of heterogeneous rock formations underground, and improves the authenticity of the experimental device simulation; dynamically collects image data of the collapse process and the static state, and completely records the entire process of coal and rock from movement to accumulation, overcoming the limitation of traditional devices that only focus on static results.

[0120] In addition, based on the communication connection between the monitoring module and the data processing end, the experimental method provided in this application realizes real-time transmission and analysis of dynamic data. Through the comparative verification of single-variable and multi-variable data, it can quickly locate experimental deviations and conveniently adjust the release parameters, avoiding the inefficiency of traditional methods that rely on manual intervention; the preset parameter combination and automatic release mechanism simplify the operating steps, ensure the repeatability of the experiment, and meet the needs of coal mining technology for high-precision and highly adaptable experimental data.

[0121] The basic principles of the present application have been described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, strengths, and effects mentioned in this application are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and it should not be assumed that these advantages, strengths, and effects are required of each embodiment of this application. In addition, the specific details disclosed above are merely illustrative and facilitating understanding, and are not restrictive. The above details do not limit this application to necessarily being implemented using the above specific details.

[0122] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings are shown in sequence as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, and these sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and their execution order is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0123] The block diagrams of the devices, devices, equipment, and systems involved in this application are intended only as illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, or configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, these devices, devices, equipment, and systems can be connected, arranged, or configured in any manner. Words such as "include," "comprise," "have," and the like are open-ended words, meaning "including but not limited to," and can be used interchangeably therewith. The words "or" and "and" used herein refer to the words "and / or" and can be used interchangeably therewith, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The word "such as" used herein refers to the phrase "such as but not limited to," and can be used interchangeably therewith.

[0124] It should also be noted that in the apparatus, device, and method of the present application, each component or each step can be decomposed and / or recombined, and such decomposition and / or recombination should be regarded as equivalent solutions of the present application.

[0125] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0126] The above description has been provided for the purpose of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application to the forms disclosed herein. Although a number of example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims

1. An experimental device for monitoring the morphological characteristics of coal and rock collapse in the goaf area of ​​a coal mine, characterized in that: It includes goaf module, roadway module, simulated coal and rock delivery module and monitoring module; The goaf module is used to simulate the roof collapse space in the goaf of a coal mine, and has an opening on the top for dropping simulated coal and rock; The tunnel module is connected to the goaf module and is used to simulate the actual tunnel environment; The simulated coal rock delivery module is arranged above the opening of the goaf module and is used to deliver simulated coal rock with different parameters into the goaf module. The parameters of the simulated coal rock include particle size and / or material. The monitoring module is installed in the connection area between the goaf module and the tunnel module, and is used to collect image data of simulated coal rock during the collapse process and after the simulated coal rock has settled stably, and transmit each image data to the data processing end, which is used to analyze the image data of the simulated coal rock.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The simulated coal and rock feeding module includes a vertically penetrating cylindrical shell, a material stirring fan blade fixing unit, a material stirring fan blade driving unit, a material stirring fan blade rotating shaft, at least two simulated coal and rock material stirring fan blades, a porous screening plate and a material feeding unit; The top of the cylindrical shell is provided with a feed port, the bottom of the cylindrical shell is provided with a discharge port, the discharge port is connected to the opening of the goaf module, and the cylindrical shell is provided with the material stirring blade fixing unit, the material stirring blade driving unit, the material stirring blade rotating shaft, at least two simulated coal rock material stirring blades and the porous screening plate; The material stirring blade fixing unit includes a first crossbeam and a connecting rod, wherein both ends of the first crossbeam are fixed to both sides of the feed port of the cylindrical shell, one end of the connecting rod is vertically connected to the first crossbeam, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to one end of the material stirring blade driving unit; The other end of the material stirring fan blade driving unit is connected to the material stirring fan blade rotating shaft, and is used to drive the simulated coal and rock material stirring fan blades to rotate through the material stirring fan blade rotating shaft. The material stirring fan blade driving unit receives remote instructions through wireless communication to realize the start and stop switching of the working state; Each of the simulated coal rock material stirring blades is fixedly connected to the material stirring blade rotating shaft and is used to stir simulated coal rocks with different parameters; The porous screening plate is arranged below the rotating shaft of the material stirring blade, the outer wall of the porous screening plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell, and the porous screening plate is provided with a first number of sieve holes of different apertures; The material delivery unit includes a first number of controllable material delivery gates, and the controllable material delivery gates include a pair of fan-shaped gate plates that can move relative to each other and an electric-controlled drive mechanism. The electric-controlled drive mechanism is installed between the two fan-shaped gate plates. The electric-controlled drive mechanism receives remote instructions through wireless communication to control the opening and closing angles and opening and closing rates of the fan-shaped gate plates. The controllable material delivery gates are fixed to the inner wall of the cylindrical shell through the electric-controlled drive mechanism. The area formed by the fan-shaped gate plates and the adjacent fan-shaped gate plates corresponds to the sieve holes of the porous screening plate. The fan-shaped gate plates and the adjacent fan-shaped gate plates do not belong to the same controllable material delivery gate.

3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The monitoring module includes a three-dimensional laser monitoring unit; The three-dimensional laser monitoring unit is installed in the connection area between the goaf module and the tunnel module, and is used to collect three-dimensional spatial distribution data of the simulated coal rock collapse accumulation and transmit the three-dimensional spatial distribution data to the data processing end.

4. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The goaf module is constructed by surrounding a rectangular parallelepiped angle steel frame with wire mesh, and the top of the rectangular parallelepiped angle steel frame is provided with an opening communicating with the internal space.

5. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The tunnel module is supported by an arched iron wire frame and the surface is covered with wire mesh.

6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The outer surface of the goaf module is covered with light-shielding material.

7. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The outer surface of the laneway module is covered with light-shielding material.

8. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The monitoring module includes a video monitoring unit for collecting image data of the falling trajectory and dynamic shape of the simulated coal rock during the collapse process, as well as image data of the static state of the simulated coal rock after it has settled stably, and transmitting each image data to the data processing end; The video monitoring unit includes a first retractable bracket and a camera. The first retractable bracket is installed in the connection area between the goaf module and the tunnel module. The camera is fixed on the first retractable bracket.

9. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that The three-dimensional laser monitoring unit includes a second retractable bracket and a three-dimensional laser scanner. The second retractable bracket is installed in the connection area between the goaf module and the tunnel module, and the three-dimensional laser scanner is fixed on the second retractable bracket.

10. An experimental method for monitoring the morphological characteristics of coal rock collapse in the goaf area of ​​a coal mine, applied to the device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1, assembling a goaf module, a roadway module, a simulated coal and rock delivery module, and a monitoring module that meet the experimental requirements, and communicatively connecting the monitoring module to a data processing terminal, wherein the goaf module is connected to the roadway module, the simulated coal and rock delivery module is fixed above the opening at the top of the goaf module, and the monitoring module is installed in the connection area between the goaf module and the roadway module; S2, debug the device and check whether each module is operating normally. If it is normal, execute S3, S4 and S5. If it is not normal, troubleshoot and repair the device until each module is operating normally; S3, controlling the simulated coal rock delivery module to deliver simulated coal rock of the same particle size and material. During the delivery process, the monitoring module collects image data of the simulated coal rock during the collapse process. After the simulated coal rock settles, the monitoring module collects image data of the simulated coal rock in a static state. The image data are transmitted to a data processing end. The data processing end analyzes the morphology and data variation patterns of the coal rock that has collapsed in the goaf of an underground coal mine under a single variable experiment. S4: controlling the simulated coal rock delivery module to deliver simulated coal rocks with different parameter combinations in a preset ratio, wherein the parameter combinations include particle size parameters and material parameters, collecting image data of the simulated coal rocks during the collapse process through the monitoring module, collecting image data of the simulated coal rocks in a static state through the monitoring module after the simulated coal rocks settle, transmitting each image data to a data processing end, analyzing the morphology and data variation law of the coal rocks in the goaf of an underground coal mine under a multivariate experiment through the data processing end, and comparing the experimental data under a single variable experiment with the experimental data under a multivariate experiment, analyzing the influence of different parameter combinations on the morphology and experimental data of the coal rocks in the goaf, wherein the experimental data is the morphology and data variation law of the coal rocks in the goaf of an underground coal mine; S5: Based on the analysis results of the data processing end under the single-variable experiment and the multi-variable experiment, determine whether the coal rock collapse morphological characteristics meet the preset indicators. If so, verify the simulation effect of the experimental device. If not, adjust the parameters of the simulated coal rock or the preset proportions of different parameter combinations until the coal rock collapse morphological characteristics meet the preset indicators.

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